Automatic subway track perforator

Abstract

The application discloses a subway track automatic puncher, which comprises a vehicle frame, a slide and a right-angle slide plate are installed on the vehicle frame, the right-angle slide plate can slide forward and backward on the slide, a main motor is installed on the right-angle slide plate, a driving motor is arranged on the right side of the right-angle slide plate, the driving motor can drive the right-angle slide plate to move leftward and rightward, a gear box is installed on the left end of the vertical surface of the right-angle slide plate, the shaft of the main motor is inserted into the gear box, the gear box can rotate on the shaft of the main motor, and three drill bits are arranged on the left surface of the gear box, and the drill bits can be adjusted to any one drill bit for work according to needs. The puncher integrates drilling, reaming and reaming hole into one body, realizes automatic positioning and automatic alignment, does not need to replace the drill bit and the reamer, and can greatly improve construction quality and work efficiency. The puncher realizes automatic positioning and automatic alignment, does not need to replace the drill bit and the reamer, and can greatly improve construction quality and work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of equipment for track construction, specifically to a drilling machine for drilling holes in tracks. Background Technology

[0002] In subway systems, the traction power supply system generally uses DC power. While supplying power normally, stray currents are also generated on the locomotive tracks. These stray currents can affect the safe operation and lifespan of subway equipment and facilities, and may even threaten passenger safety. Therefore, it is necessary to take protective and control measures to ensure the safe operation of the subway. To eliminate the hazards of stray currents, stray current drainage devices are installed in traction substations. Simultaneously, stray current plugs need to be installed on the tracks to divert the stray current from the locomotive tracks to the drainage devices in the substation via dedicated lines. This requires determining the installation location of the plugs on-site and drilling holes for installation.

[0003] Patent CN207414407U discloses a track-side drilling vehicle, including a vehicle body, a drilling device, a locking device, and a control box. The vehicle body includes a frame and rollers. The drilling device, locking device, and control box are all mounted on the frame. The drilling device includes a lifting mechanism and a drilling mechanism. The lifting mechanism includes a vertically arranged ball screw and a lifting motor that drives the ball screw to rotate. The drilling mechanism is fixedly connected to the nut of the ball screw through a connector. The drilling mechanism includes a drilling motor and a multi-axis device connected to the drilling motor. The control box contains a PLC controller, which is electrically connected to the lifting motor and the drilling motor.

[0004] Patent CN113550691A discloses a robot and construction method for drilling segments in subway tunnels. The robot mainly includes: a traveling track vehicle, an electrical control system, a diesel generator, a hydraulic station, a servo hydraulic system, a lateral movement mechanism, a folding arm system, and a drilling system. The folding arm system can move laterally and rotate, meeting the dimensional requirements of a 6650mm difference between the highest and lowest construction points and a 1900mm difference between the closest and farthest points on the side. The drilling system is a multi-degree-of-freedom rotating frame structure equipped with two drilling hammers, meeting the requirements of drilling two holes simultaneously, controllable drilling depth, and independent adjustment of the position and angle of the two holes.

[0005] To improve the reliability of the plug's electrical conductivity, the plug and the track hole must form a good fit. This requires high dimensional accuracy and low surface roughness in the drilling.

[0006] The existing process involves pre-drilling small holes in the track, then changing the drill bit to enlarge the holes, and finally changing the reamer to perform the reaming operation. This is labor-intensive and inefficient for workers, so a new device is needed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a drilling machine that can achieve automatic positioning and alignment without the need to change drill bits and reamers, thereby greatly improving construction quality and work efficiency—an automatic drilling machine for subway tracks.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows:

[0009] An automatic drilling machine for subway tracks includes a frame with four track rollers mounted on both sides. A right-angle slide plate is mounted on the frame, and linear guide slide seats are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the lower part of the right-angle slide plate. A left-right sliding track is mounted on the frame, allowing the right-angle slide plate to move left and right on the track via the linear guide slide seats. A nut sleeve is installed in the middle of the right-angle slide plate. A rotatable lead screw is fixedly mounted on the frame, engaging with the nut sleeve. A feed motor is mounted at the other end of the lead screw, driving the lead screw to rotate. A main motor is fixedly mounted on the right-angle slide plate. A multi-axis drilling gearbox is located at the left end of the right-angle slide plate's vertical surface. A central gear and three evenly distributed, meshing pinions are fixedly mounted inside the multi-axis drilling gearbox. The shaft of the main motor passes through the right-angle slide plate's vertical surface into the gearbox and is connected to the central gear via a coupling. When the main motor rotates, the central gear drives the three pinions to rotate simultaneously. Three drill chucks are installed at the output shaft ends of the three pinions. The three drill chucks are located outside the left end cover of the multi-axis drill gearbox. Each drill chuck is equipped with a drill bit and a reamer of different specifications. On the right end face of the gearbox, three pin holes of the same size are evenly distributed. The pin holes are blind holes. At the top of the vertical surface of the right-angle slide plate, there is a circular hole. The position of this circular hole is on the distribution circle of the three pin holes. A spring pin is installed outside the circular hole. The spring pin is in the extended state, passes through the circular hole and extends into the pin hole. When the spring pin is pulled outward by hand, it can be disengaged from the pin hole.

[0010] The frame is equipped with a braking device that can keep the frame stationary.

[0011] Furthermore, the three drill chucks are respectively equipped with a small drill bit for pre-drilling, a reamer, and a reamer. At the end of the output shaft where the small drill bit is installed, a movable telescopic positioning drill sleeve is installed coaxially with the small drill bit. The positioning drill sleeve cooperates with the small drill bit and plays a guiding role. The positioning drill sleeve is fixed at the center of a movable plate. There are two guide holes at both ends of the movable plate. Two telescopic guide posts are installed at the two guide holes, and a compression spring is installed in each of the two guide posts.

[0012] Furthermore, the frame has two supports installed on its front and rear sides. Each support has a slot, and a rack is installed within the slot and can move back and forth. A vertical operating handle is located in the middle of the frame. The lower end of the handle has a pin hole and is hinged to the frame via a pin. The lower part of the handle also has an elongated hole. A pin is installed on the side of the rack at its middle position, passing through the elongated hole at the lower part of the handle. At the lower ends of the rack, two rotating shafts are installed, perpendicular to the rack. A gear is installed in the middle of the rotating shaft, meshing with the rack above. At the ends of the two rotating shafts, a cam is installed. Near the cam, a lever is installed on the frame. One end of the lever engages with the cam. When the cam rotates, it presses down the inner side of the lever, causing the outer side to move upward. When the cam rotates again, it releases the downward pressure on the lever.

[0013] Furthermore, there is a circular directional device on the outer side of the gearbox, which is fixed to the gearbox housing.

[0014] Furthermore, handrails are installed on the frame.

[0015] Positive and beneficial effects: The automatic subway track drilling machine disclosed in this invention adopts a multi-axis drilling gearbox with three drill chucks installed on the outside. These three drill chucks are integrated into a single gearbox, allowing for sequential use simply by rotating a direction switch. This integrated design offers advantages such as ease of operation. Furthermore, the use of three evenly spaced pin holes and spring pins ensures accurate positioning and self-alignment. This invention achieves automatic positioning and alignment without requiring the replacement of drill bits and reamers. Construction quality and work efficiency are greatly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic punching machine (gearbox feeds to the left).

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic punching machine (the gearbox retracts to the right).

[0018] Figure 3 Another angle of the automatic punching machine

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3A disassembly diagram of the gearbox and spring pins.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gearbox structure.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the braking device in Example 3.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of an automatic punching machine and its braking device.

[0023] The diagram shows: 1. Frame; 2. Track roller; 3. Right-angle slide plate; 4. Linear guide slide; 5. Slide rail; 6. Nut sleeve; 7. Lead screw; 8. Feed motor; 9. Main motor; 10. Gearbox; 13. Drill chuck; 14. Pin hole; 15. Round hole; 16. Spring pin; 17. Small drill bit; 18. Reamer; 19. Reamer; 20. Positioning drill sleeve; 21. Movable plate; 22. Guide post; 23. Compression spring; 24. Support; 25. Slot; 26. Rack; 27. Handle; 29. ​​Rotating shaft.

[0024] Gear 30, cam 31, lever 32, circular steering mechanism 33, handrail 34, subway track 35; Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example

[0026] like Figure 1-5As shown, an automatic subway track drilling machine includes a frame 1, four track rollers 2 installed on both sides of the frame, a right-angle slide plate 3 installed on the frame, linear guide slide seats 4 symmetrically installed on both sides of the lower part of the right-angle slide plate, a left-right slide rail 5 installed on the frame, the right-angle slide plate can move left and right on the slide rail via the linear guide rail support, a nut sleeve 6 installed in the middle of the right-angle slide plate, a rotatable lead screw 7 fixedly installed on the frame, the lead screw cooperating with the nut sleeve, a feed motor 8 installed at the other end of the lead screw and driven by the feed motor to rotate the lead screw, a main motor 9 fixedly installed on the right-angle slide plate, a multi-axis drilling gear box 10 provided on the left end of the vertical surface of the right-angle slide plate, a central gear and three evenly distributed and meshing small gears fixedly installed in the multi-axis drilling gear box, the shaft of the main motor 9 passes through the vertical surface of the right-angle slide plate into the gear box and is connected to the central gear through a coupling, when the main motor 9 rotates, the central gear drives the three small gears to rotate simultaneously. Three drill chucks 13 are installed at the output shaft ends of the three pinions. The three drill chucks are located outside the left end cover of the multi-axis drill gearbox 10. Each drill chuck is equipped with a drill bit and a reamer of different specifications. On the right end face of the gearbox, three pin holes 14 of the same size are evenly distributed. The pin holes are blind holes. At the top of the vertical surface of the right-angle slide plate, there is a circular hole 15. The position of this circular hole is on the distribution circle of the three pin holes. A spring pin 16 is installed outside the circular hole. The spring pin is in the extended state, passes through the circular hole and extends into the pin hole. When the spring pin is pulled outward by hand, it can be disengaged from the pin hole.

[0027] The frame is equipped with a braking device that can keep the frame stationary.

[0028] Instructions for use: Place the track rollers on both sides of the frame on subway track 35 and push them to the position where drilling is required. Then activate the brake device to fix the frame. Next, pull the spring pin outward by hand to disengage it from the blind hole of the gearbox. At the same time, rotate the gearbox by hand. The three drill bits on the left end of the gearbox are a small drill bit, a reamer, and a reamer. When the small drill bit on the gearbox is at the bottom position, the spring pin will automatically enter the blind hole of the gearbox under the action of the spring. The gearbox will be locked on the right-angle slide and cannot be rotated. Then proceed with the following three steps.

[0029] Step 1: Turn on the main motor 9. The main motor rotates, causing the central gear to rotate, which in turn causes the three small gears 12 to rotate, and the drill bits or reamers on the three drill chucks to rotate. Then turn on the feed motor 8, which causes the lead screw to rotate, thereby causing the entire right-angle slide to feed to the left until the small drill bit contacts the subway track and stops moving. At this point, you can start drilling a small hole.

[0030] Step Two: After drilling through the small hole, activate the reverse switch of feed motor 8. The lead screw will drive the gearbox and main motor to retract as a whole. Continue to pull the spring pin outward by hand to disengage it from the blind hole in the gearbox, while simultaneously rotating the directional gear by hand. When the reaming drill bit on the gearbox is at its lowest position, the spring pin will automatically enter the blind hole in the gearbox under the action of the spring. The gearbox will be locked onto the right-angle slide and cannot rotate. Then, activate the switch of feed motor 8 again to feed to the left and ream the small hole.

[0031] Step 3: After the hole is enlarged, activate the reverse switch of feed motor 8. The lead screw will drive the gearbox and main motor to retract as a whole. Pull the spring pin outwards again by hand to disengage it from the blind hole in the gearbox, while simultaneously rotating the directional gear by hand. When the reamer on the gearbox is at its lowest position, the spring pin will automatically enter the blind hole in the gearbox under the action of the spring. The gearbox will be locked onto the right-angle slide and cannot rotate. Then, activate the switch of feed motor 8 again to move it to the left for reaming the small hole.

[0032] Once all drilling, reaming, and boring operations are completed, the work on the subway track at this point is finished. Then, the brakes are released, and the trolley is pushed to the next drilling station to repeat the above operations. Example

[0033] like Figure 4-5 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the three drill chucks are respectively equipped with a small drill bit 17 for pre-drilling, a reamer 18, and a reamer 19. At the end of the output shaft where the small drill bit 17 is installed, a positioning drill sleeve 20 is installed coaxially with the small drill bit. The positioning drill sleeve cooperates with the small drill bit and plays a guiding role. The positioning drill sleeve is fixed at the center of a movable plate 21. There are two guide holes at both ends of the movable plate. Two guide posts 22 that can extend and retract back and forth are installed at the two guide holes. A compression spring 23 is installed in each of the two guide posts.

[0034] Instructions for use: The function of the three drill chucks has been described in the above embodiment. A movable telescopic positioning drill sleeve is installed coaxially with the small drill bit to serve this purpose. When the small drill bit is fed to the left, the positioning drill sleeve first contacts the side of the track and stops moving. The spring behind the positioning drill sleeve is then compressed, and the drill bit continues to feed and begins drilling. Due to the positioning function of the positioning drill sleeve, the drill bit will not wobble or tilt, and the drilling quality is guaranteed. Example

[0035] like Figure 6-7As shown, based on Embodiment 2, the braking device includes two supports 24 mounted on the front and rear sides of the frame. The supports have slots 25, and a rack 26 is installed in the slots and can move back and forth. There is a vertical operating handle 27 in the middle of the frame. The lower end of the handle has a pin hole and is hinged to the frame by a pin. The lower part of the handle also has an elongated hole. A pin is installed on the side of the rack in the middle position, and the pin passes through the elongated hole in the lower part of the handle. At the lower ends of the rack, there are two rotating shafts 29, which are perpendicular to the rack. A gear 30 is installed in the middle of the rotating shaft and meshes with the rack above. At the ends of the two rotating shafts, there is a cam 31. Near the cam, there is a lever 32 mounted on the frame. One end of the lever engages with the cam. When the cam rotates, it presses down the inner side of the lever, and the outer side of the lever moves upward. When the cam rotates again, it releases the downward pressure on the lever.

[0036] This describes a specific structure of the braking device. When the device reaches the working position and braking is required, the operating handle 27 is manually activated. The elongated hole in the handle pushes the rack to move linearly. The rack meshes with gears on the two rotating shafts 29, causing the shafts to rotate. The rotating shafts then drive the cams at both ends to rotate, causing the cams to press the lever downwards. The outer side of the lever tilts upwards and presses against the lower edge of the subway track. At this point, the cams are in a state with a friction angle less than 1, and the cams are locked and will not loosen. All four corners of the frame are locked onto the track.

[0037] When it is necessary to release the brake, the operating handle 27 is pulled in the opposite direction, the cam is unlocked, the four levers leave the lower edge of the track, the trolley is unlocked, and the trolley can be pushed forward to carry out drilling, reaming and boring operations for the next hole.

[0038] To elaborate further, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, there is a circular directional device 33 on the outer side of the gearbox, which is fixed to the housing of the gearbox.

[0039] A circular directional switch is provided to facilitate the rotation of the gearbox.

[0040] To elaborate further, such as Figure 7 As shown, a handrail 34 is installed on the frame.

[0041] Handrails are provided to make it easier to push the frame.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A subway rail automatic puncher characterized by: The system includes a frame with four track rollers mounted on both sides. A right-angle slide plate is mounted on the frame, and linear guide slide seats are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the lower part of the right-angle slide plate. The frame has left-right sliding tracks, allowing the right-angle slide plate to move left and right on the tracks via the linear guide support seats. A nut sleeve is installed in the middle of the right-angle slide plate. A rotatable lead screw is fixedly mounted on the frame, engaging with the nut sleeve. A feed motor is mounted at the other end of the lead screw, driving its rotation. A main motor is fixedly mounted on the right-angle slide plate. A multi-axis drilling gearbox is located at the left end of the right-angle slide plate's facade. The multi-axis drilling gearbox contains a central gear and three evenly distributed, meshing gears. The main motor shaft passes through the vertical surface of the right-angle slide plate into the gearbox and is connected to the central gear via a coupling. When the main motor rotates, the central gear drives the three small gears to rotate simultaneously. Three drill chucks are installed at the output shaft ends of the three small gears. The three drill chucks are located outside the left end cover of the multi-axis drilling gearbox. Each drill chuck is equipped with a drill bit and a reamer of different specifications. On the right end face of the gearbox, three pin holes of the same size are evenly distributed. These pin holes are blind holes. At the top of the vertical surface of the right-angle slide plate, there is a circular hole. This circular hole is located on the distribution circle of the three pin holes. A spring pin is installed outside the circular hole. The spring pin is in an extended state, passing through the circular hole and extending into the pin hole. When the spring pin is pulled outward by hand, it can be disengaged from the pin hole. The frame is equipped with a braking device that can keep the frame stationary, and a handrail is also installed on the frame. The frame has two supports on its front and rear sides, each with a slot. A rack is installed in the slot and can move back and forth. A vertical operating handle is located in the middle of the frame. The handle has a pin hole at its lower end and is hinged to the frame via a pin. The lower part of the handle also has an elongated hole. A pin is installed on the side of the rack at its middle position, passing through the elongated hole at the lower part of the handle. At the lower ends of the rack, two rotating shafts are installed, perpendicular to the rack. A gear is installed in the middle of each shaft, meshing with the rack above. A cam is installed at the end of each shaft. A lever is installed on the frame near the cams, with one end of each lever engaging with a cam. When the cam rotates, it presses down the inner side of the lever, causing the outer side to move upward. When the cam rotates again, it releases the downward pressure on the lever. There is a circular directional device on the outer side of the gearbox, which is fixed to the gearbox housing.

2. The automatic subway track drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three drill chucks are respectively equipped with a small drill bit for pre-drilling, a reamer, and a reamer. At the end of the output shaft where the small drill bit is installed, a positioning drill sleeve is coaxially installed with the small drill bit. The positioning drill sleeve cooperates with the small drill bit and plays a guiding role. The positioning drill sleeve is fixed at the center of a movable plate. There are two guide holes at both ends of the movable plate. Two guide posts that can extend and retract back and forth are installed at the two guide holes. A compression spring is installed in each of the two guide posts.

3. The method of using the automatic subway track drilling machine as described in claim 1: characterized in that: The track rollers on both sides of the frame are on the subway track. Push them to the position where drilling is required, and then activate the brake to fix the frame. Then, pull the spring pin outward by hand to disengage it from the blind hole of the gearbox. At the same time, rotate the gearbox by hand. The three drill bits on the left end of the gearbox are a small drill bit, a reamer, and a reamer. When the small drill bit on the gearbox is at the bottom position, the spring pin will automatically enter the blind hole of the gearbox under the action of the spring. The gearbox will be locked on the right-angle slide and cannot be rotated. Then, proceed with the following three steps. Step 1: Turn on the main motor. The main motor rotates the central gear, which in turn rotates the three small gears and the drill bits or reamers on the three drill chucks. Then turn on the feed motor, which rotates the lead screw, causing the entire right-angle slide to feed to the left until the small drill bit contacts the subway track and stops moving. At this point, you can start drilling a small hole. Step 2: After drilling through the small hole, turn on the reverse switch of the feed motor. The lead screw drives the gearbox and main motor to move backward as a whole. Continue to pull the spring pin outward by hand to disengage it from the blind hole of the gearbox. At the same time, turn the directional switch by hand. When the reaming drill bit on the gearbox is at its lowest position, the spring pin will automatically enter the blind hole of the gearbox under the action of the spring. The gearbox will be locked into the right-angle slide and cannot rotate. Then turn on the feed motor switch again to feed to the left and ream the small hole. Step 3: After the hole is enlarged, turn on the reverse switch of the feed motor. The lead screw drives the gearbox and main motor to move backward as a whole. Pull the spring pin outward again by hand to disengage it from the blind hole of the gearbox. At the same time, turn the directional gear by hand. When the reamer on the gearbox is at its lowest position, the spring pin will automatically enter the blind hole of the gearbox under the action of the spring. The gearbox is locked in the right-angle slide and cannot rotate. Then turn on the switch of the feed motor again to feed to the left and ream the small hole. Once all drilling, reaming, and boring operations are completed, the work on the subway track at this point is finished. Then, the brakes are released, and the trolley is pushed to the next drilling station to repeat the above operations.

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