A tunnel boring machine and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel boring machine and a construction method thereof, which solves the technical problem that the existing pipe jacking machine cannot be applied to the tunneling of soft soil strata, upper soft and lower hard composite strata, and pure hard rock strata. The tunnel boring machine includes an excavation device, a front shield, a middle shield, and a tail shield connected in sequence. The tail of the front shield and the head of the middle shield are hinged by a telescopic device and are provided with a hinged seal. A propulsion device and a propulsion seal are provided between the tail of the middle shield and the head of the tail shield. Relay rooms are provided between the pipe sections at the tail of the tail shield, and a jacking system is provided at the tail of the last ring of pipe sections. The present invention can realize synchronous excavation and assembly. The hinged sealing structure and the propulsion sealing structure are simple and feasible, and are easy to adjust. The friction reduction effect is significantly improved, and the uneven force phenomenon of the pipe sections is weakened. Compared with the shield mode, the construction cost is low and the efficiency is high, and the transformation of the beam-column system is relatively simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel boring equipment, in particular to a tunnel boring machine and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, most domestic subway station construction adopts traditional construction methods such as open excavation and mining, which have a great impact on urban traffic and environment. With the increasing maturity of urban development, the available space on the urban ground is getting smaller and smaller. The construction of subway stations conflicts seriously with urban traffic and ground buildings. There are more and more cases of using dark excavation to construct subway stations. In order to reduce the risks brought by dark excavation construction, the development of equipment for mechanized dark excavation to build subway stations has become an urgent need for urban development.

[0003] So far, only Japanese tunnel boring machine manufacturers such as JIMT, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Hitachi Zosen, Komatsu, and Okumura Machinery have developed and manufactured three-circle or multi-circle shield machines suitable for mechanized dark excavation and construction of subway stations in soft soil. However, the strata where domestic subway stations are distributed are relatively complex, with fewer soft soil strata and pure hard rock strata, and most of them are composite strata with upper soft and lower hard. The three-circle shield machine for soft soil cannot take into account both composite strata and pure hard rock strata, so it cannot meet the construction requirements of domestic subway stations. Furthermore, the three-circle shield machine has many supporting equipment, is difficult to process and manufacture, has a high cost per unit, is long in overall length, requires a large construction site, and the construction process needs to be started in parts, and the construction efficiency is low. The length of the subway station section is only about 200 meters, and the construction length is short. It is extremely uneconomical to use the shield method for mechanized construction.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent application with an application publication date of 2021.04.02 and application publication number CN 112593955 A discloses a variable-section pipe jacking machine, including a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield; the front shield includes an intermediate module, a peripheral module and a main module, and several main modules are connected or connected through the intermediate module to form a stable module group with the main module and the intermediate module, and several peripheral modules surround the outer periphery of the module group; the intermediate module, the peripheral module and the main module are all detachably connected to form front shield sections of different shapes in combination; the main module is provided with a main drive device for providing power to the main cutter disc, and the intermediate module and the peripheral module are used to connect the manhole interface or connect the eccentric cutter disc for excavating the blind area soil of the main cutter disc.

[0005] The pipe jacking machine disclosed in the above patent application can be composed of pipe jacking machines of different cross-sectional sizes and shapes by adjusting the number of main modules, the structure of the middle module and the form of the peripheral modules, and can be adapted to rectangular, circular, quasi-rectangular and horseshoe cross-sections respectively. However, the above pipe jacking machine is not applicable to composite strata with soft upper and hard lower layers, as well as pure hard rock strata. Therefore, it is urgent to design a new type of mechanized underground excavation subway station equipment that is economical, safe, efficient, and can take into account both composite strata and hard rock strata. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention proposes a tunnel boring machine and a construction method thereof, which solves the technical problem that the existing pipe jacking machine cannot be suitable for tunneling in soft soil strata, upper soft and lower hard composite strata, and pure hard rock strata.

[0007] The technical solution of this application is:

[0008] A tunnel boring machine comprises an excavation device, a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield which are connected in sequence. The tail of the front shield is hinged to the head of the middle shield through a telescopic device and is provided with a hinged seal. A propulsion device and a propulsion seal are provided between the tail of the middle shield and the head of the tail shield. Relay rooms are provided between the pipe sections at the tail of the tail shield, and a jacking system is provided at the tail of the last ring of pipe sections.

[0009] In the technical solution, the front shield and the middle shield are hingedly connected by a telescopic device. The front shield can be adjusted relative to the middle shield or used to correct rolling by changing the length of the telescopic device. In the process of adjusting and correcting rolling, the hinged seal ensures the sealing performance between the front shield and the middle shield. A propulsion device is added between the middle shield and the rear shield to achieve synchronous excavation and assembly, that is, the propulsion device provides forward thrust to the middle shield, the front shield, and the excavation device, without having to rely entirely on the rear jacking system to continue to work. In the process of the propulsion device pushing the excavation device forward to excavate, the jacking system can be recovered, and the relay room is telescoped in turn, and then the pipe sections are assembled synchronously.

[0010] Further, the front shield tail is provided with a hinged outer ring, the middle shield head is provided with a hinged inner ring plugged into the hinged outer ring, and the hinged seal is provided between the inner wall of the hinged outer ring and the outer wall of the hinged inner ring; or the front shield tail is provided with a hinged inner ring II, the middle shield head is provided with a hinged outer ring II plugged into the hinged inner ring II, and the hinged seal is provided between the inner wall of the hinged outer ring II and the outer wall of the hinged inner ring II.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present technical solution provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, in which the front shield and the middle shield are arranged in a plug-in connected structural form, and the hinged seal is arranged between the inner wall of the hinged outer ring and the outer wall of the hinged inner ring of the plug-in matching, which is not only simple and feasible, but also convenient to adjust. As for the specific plug-in relationship, it can be selected according to actual needs, and the head of the middle shield can be inserted into the tail of the front shield, or the tail of the front shield can be inserted into the head of the middle shield. It is preferred to insert the head of the middle shield into the tail of the front shield, that is, it is preferred to set a hinged outer ring at the tail of the front shield, and set a hinged inner ring plugged with the hinged outer ring at the head of the middle shield.

[0012] Furthermore, the hinged seal is provided with at least three sealing structures, the first two sealing structures are lip seals, and the last sealing structure is a large-section airbag seal.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the present technical scheme provides an optimal design structure for the tunnel boring machine. The three-sealing structure can fully ensure the reliability of the hinged seal. At the same time, when the first two lip seals fail, the large-section airbag seal can play an emergency sealing role.

[0014] Furthermore, the large-section airbag seal is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected to an air inlet check valve, the lip seal and the large-section airbag seal are both wing plate structures on both sides, and the articulated seal is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the articulated inner ring or the outer peripheral surface of the second articulated inner ring through an arc-shaped pressure block.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical scheme, this technical scheme provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine. When the first two lip seals have not failed, the large-section airbag seal can be disabled. When the first two lip seals fail, air is urgently injected into the large-section airbag seal through the air inlet and the air inlet check valve, thereby sealing the annular cavity between the hinged outer ring and the hinged inner ring. At the same time, both the lip seal and the large-section airbag seal are structural forms with wing plates on both sides. The hinged seal is fixed on the outer cylindrical surface of the hinged inner ring by at least one arc-shaped pressure block, so as to prevent the hinged seal from detaching from the outer cylindrical surface of the hinged inner ring at the concave part of the outer cylindrical surface of the hinged inner ring due to its own elasticity.

[0016] Furthermore, the telescopic device is hinged between the axially corresponding front shield tail ring plate and the middle shield head ring plate through an ear seat, and a plurality of telescopic devices are connected in parallel between the front shield tail ring plate and the middle shield head ring plate, and each telescopic device is arranged in a multi-point ring along the circumferential direction of the front shield tail ring plate.

[0017] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the present technical scheme provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, that is, the tail of the front shield is provided with a front shield tail ring plate located in the hinged outer ring, and the head of the middle shield is provided with a middle shield head ring plate located in the hinged inner ring. The front shield tail ring plate and the middle shield head ring plate are both annular and respectively adapted to the cross-sectional profiles of the front shield and the middle shield, that is, consistent with the outer profile of the excavation section. The telescopic device can be a cylinder, an electric cylinder, or other devices or mechanisms with telescopic functions such as gear racks. The telescopic device preferably uses an articulated cylinder, and the two ends of the articulated cylinder are respectively connected to the front shield tail ring plate and the middle shield head ring plate through a pin shaft and an ear seat. The articulated cylinder is arranged in a multi-point ring parallel to the articulated inner ring, and the stroke difference between the articulated cylinders at different positions can be used to realize the adjustment of the front shield. For example, when the upper cylinder is extended and the lower cylinder is retracted, the front shield will be adjusted downward.

[0018] Further, the middle shield tail is provided with a propulsion outer ring, the tail shield head is provided with a propulsion inner ring plugged with the propulsion outer ring, and the propulsion seal is provided between the inner wall of the propulsion outer ring and the outer wall of the propulsion inner ring; or the middle shield tail is provided with a propulsion inner ring II, the tail shield head is provided with a propulsion outer ring II plugged with the propulsion inner ring II, and the propulsion seal is provided between the inner wall of the propulsion outer ring II and the outer wall of the propulsion inner ring II.

[0019] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the present technical scheme provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, in which the tail shield and the middle shield are arranged in a plug-in connected structural form, and the propulsion seal is arranged between the inner wall of the plug-in propulsion outer ring and the outer wall of the propulsion inner ring, which is not only simple and feasible, but also easy to adjust. As for the specific plug-in relationship, it can be selected according to actual needs, and the tail of the middle shield can be inserted into the head of the tail shield, or the head of the tail shield can be inserted into the tail of the middle shield. It is preferred to insert the head of the tail shield into the tail of the middle shield, that is, it is preferred to set a propulsion outer ring at the tail of the middle shield, and set a propulsion inner ring plugged with the propulsion outer ring at the head of the tail shield.

[0020] Furthermore, an annular groove is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the thrust inner ring or the outer circumferential surface of the thrust inner ring 2, an adjustment block is provided in the annular groove, an adjustment screw for adjusting the radial position of the adjustment block is provided through the bottom of the annular groove, and a T-shaped groove is provided on the adjustment block, and the T-shaped groove connects the thrust seals with wing plates on both sides.

[0021] On the basis of the above technical solutions, this technical solution provides a preferred design structure for the tunnel boring machine, in which the thrust seal is set to an adjustable structure. The adjustment block can be radially pushed by rotating the adjustment screw, and then the adjustment block drives the thrust seal to change the radial position, thereby compensating for the wear of the thrust seal. The adjustment mechanism of the thrust seal is mainly used in non-circular shield machines or non-circular jacking machines, because the seals of circular shields and conventional jacking pipes can be fixed and clamped to the installation surface by their own elasticity and the glue at the bottom of the groove, while the seals between the shields of special-shaped tunnel boring machines cannot be clamped by their own elasticity. For example, the outer contours of the thrust inner ring and the thrust outer ring of the three-circular jacking pipe are also The push seal has an outer convex shape and an inner concave shape. If there is no adjustment screw or adjustment block, the push seal can easily separate from the inner concave groove bottom under the action of its own elastic force, causing unnecessary troubles in assembly and use. The advantage of the adjustable push seal structure in this technical solution is that it is suitable for both the outer convex sealing surface and the inner concave sealing surface. While being suitable for both the outer convex sealing surface and the inner concave sealing surface, it can realize the function of quickly adjusting the sealing compression amount.

[0022] Furthermore, sealing rings are provided between both end surfaces of the adjustment block and the inner wall of the annular groove, at least two push seals are provided, and lubricant injection holes are provided between adjacent push seals.

[0023] On the basis of the above technical scheme, this technical scheme provides the preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine. The multi-channel sealing structure can fully ensure the reliability of the seal at the propulsion seal. At the same time, since there is a propulsion requirement between the middle shield and the tail shield, the propulsion is used to push the excavation device for excavation. To ensure the accuracy of the excavation construction, there must be a large assembly force between the propulsion outer ring and the propulsion inner ring. Here, there is a large friction between the propulsion seal and the propulsion outer ring and the propulsion inner ring. This is another reason for setting the propulsion seal to an adjustable form. Therefore, injecting lubricant into the annular cavity between adjacent propulsion seals through the lubricant injection hole can not only ensure the assembly force between the propulsion outer ring and the propulsion inner ring, but also avoid excessive wear of the propulsion seal.

[0024] Furthermore, one end of the propulsion device is arranged on the head of the tail shield through a fixing seat and a tail shield head ring plate, and the other end is connected to the top of the middle shield through a middle shield tail ring plate. A plurality of propulsion devices are connected in parallel between the tail shield head ring plate and the middle shield tail ring plate, and each propulsion device is arranged in a multi-point ring along the circumferential direction of the front tail shield head ring plate.

[0025] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the present technical scheme provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, that is, the tail of the middle shield is provided with a middle shield tail ring plate located in the propulsion outer ring, and the head of the tail shield is provided with a tail shield head ring plate located in the propulsion inner ring. The tail shield head ring plate and the middle shield tail ring plate are both annular and respectively adapted to the cross-sectional profiles of the tail shield and the middle shield, that is, consistent with the outer profile of the excavation section. The propulsion device can use either an oil cylinder or an electric cylinder, or other devices or mechanisms with telescopic functions such as gear racks. The propulsion device preferably uses a propulsion cylinder, which is fixed between the middle shield tail ring plate and the tail shield head ring plate through a fixing seat. The propulsion cylinder is different from the above-mentioned articulated cylinder used for direction adjustment. During the excavation process of the propulsion excavation device, it is necessary to maintain the synchronization of each propulsion cylinder.

[0026] Furthermore, the relay room includes a front shell connected to the top of the previous pipe section and a rear shell connected to the top of a pipe section. The front shell and / or the rear shell are connected with a column. The front shell and the rear shell are plug-in connected by a propulsion device. A sealing assembly is arranged between the front shell and the rear shell.

[0027] On the basis of the above technical scheme, this technical scheme provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, in which the relay room is set as a split structure, and during the construction process, the distance between the front shell and the rear shell is adjusted by the propulsion device 2, and the pipe section is pushed forward by the relay through the sequential extension and retraction of each relay room. Similarly, the propulsion device 2 can use either an oil cylinder or an electric cylinder, or other devices or mechanisms with telescopic functions such as gear racks. The propulsion device 2 preferably uses a propulsion cylinder 2, and the installation structure of the propulsion cylinder 2 is similar to the above propulsion cylinder, and is fixed to the rear shell through a cylinder fixing seat and connected to the front shell.

[0028] It should be noted that, according to the different profiles of the excavation section, corresponding columns can be set in the front shell and the rear shell. The front shell is provided with an outer ring similar to the outer propulsion ring of the middle shield and a front shell ring plate similar to the middle shield tail ring plate of the middle shield, and the rear shell is provided with an inner ring similar to the propulsion inner ring of the tail shield and a rear shell ring plate similar to the tail shield head ring plate of the tail shield. The second propulsion cylinder is arranged between the front shell ring plate and the rear shell ring plate. The second propulsion cylinder is also arranged in a multi-point annular arrangement along the axial direction of the rear shell ring plate, and each second propulsion cylinder is arranged in parallel. The profiles of the inner ring, outer ring, rear shell ring plate, and front shell ring plate are consistent with the profile of the excavation section. The sealing assembly has the same structural form as the above-mentioned propulsion seal and has the same adjustment mechanism. When multiple sealing assemblies are arranged at intervals, the radial position of the sealing assembly can be adjusted and lubricant can be injected between adjacent sealing assemblies.

[0029] Furthermore, the front shield and / or the middle shield and / or the tail shield and / or the pipe joint and / or the relay are all provided with friction-reducing grouting holes, and the friction-reducing grouting holes correspond to the top friction-reducing grouting area, the bottom friction-reducing grouting area and the side friction-reducing grouting area respectively.

[0030] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the present technical scheme provides an optimal design structure of the tunnel boring machine. The friction-reducing grouting system is used to inject friction-reducing mud into the pipe segments and around the shield body. The difference compared with conventional shield machines and jacking pipes is that the subway station has a large burial depth, a large span and a high height. A load arch cannot be formed above the pipe segment. The pressure around the pipe segment is high and the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts is large. In order to achieve good slurry friction, the area around the pipe segment is divided into zones, namely the top zone, the bottom zone and two side zones. The zones are connected to the grouting pipelines, and the slurry injection pressure is controlled in each zone. The advantage of this design is that it is conducive to forming a complete mud sleeve and reducing the friction resistance of the pipe segment.

[0031] Furthermore, a stop pin hole is provided on the pipe section, and a stop device matching the stop pin hole is provided at the last pipe section. The stop device includes a gantry frame, and a pin seat is provided on the gantry frame. A stop pin matching the stop pin hole is slidably provided in the pin seat.

[0032] Based on the above technical scheme, the present technical scheme provides an optimal design structure of the tunnel boring machine, wherein the pipe section comprises a stop pin hole, a bottom block, a side block, a top block, a bottom cross beam, a top cross beam, temporary columns, etc., and connecting bolts and sealing strips are provided between each block.

[0033] The anti-retraction device is used to prevent the front pipe section from retreating under the pressure of the mud and water bin when the jacking system is recovered and the next pipe section is lowered after a ring of pipe sections is pushed into place. The anti-retraction device mainly includes a gantry frame, a pin seat, an anti-retraction pin and other parts. The bottom plate of the gantry frame is fixed to the bottom of the starting well, and a number of pin seats are provided on the side and the top. A slidable anti-retraction pin is provided in the pin seat, and the position of the anti-retraction pin corresponds to the position of the anti-retraction pin hole on each ring of pipe sections. When it is necessary to withdraw the jacking system, first insert the anti-retraction pin into the anti-retraction pin hole.

[0034] Furthermore, a jacking iron is provided between the jacking system and the last ring of pipe sections, and a plurality of force sensors arranged in different zones are provided between the jacking iron and the pipe sections, and the force sensors are connected to a host computer, and the host computer controls the jacking pressure of each zone of the jacking system according to the measurement data of the force sensors. The jacking devices in each zone of the jacking system are provided with displacement sensors connected to the host computer, and the host computer controls the synchronization of the jacking devices in each zone according to the measurement data of the displacement sensors.

[0035] On the basis of the above technical scheme, this technical scheme provides the preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine. The jacking system is basically consistent with the conventional jacking pipe in terms of structure and function, and will not be discussed in detail here. Because the number of jacking cylinders a of the jacking machine for special-shaped excavation surfaces such as the three-circle jacking machine is large, and the overall jacking force is large, its control method is quite different from the conventional jacking pipe. The main special feature is the use of the pressure and displacement double closed-loop electro-hydraulic proportional control technology of the cylinder zone pressure division. First, a plurality of force sensors are arranged in the annular direction between the top iron and the pipe section. The force sensors feed back the measured pressure data to the host computer. The host computer analyzes the distribution characteristics of the friction resistance of the front pipe section according to the measured data, and automatically calculates and distributes the pressure value of the jacking cylinder in each zone according to the distribution characteristics and the layout of the jacking cylinder, and feeds back the pressure value of each zone to the respective pressure regulating valve to adjust the pressure of the cylinder in each zone, so as to control the collinearity of the resultant force of the jacking cylinder and the resultant force of the friction resistance of the pipe section to the greatest extent.

[0036] In addition, each zone oil cylinder has a displacement sensor, which feeds back the measured displacement to the host computer, and the host computer feeds back to the flow control valve according to the set propulsion value to control the flow and control the synchronization of each push oil cylinder to the greatest extent. The characteristics of this technology are good load compliance, high cylinder synchronization accuracy, uniform force on the pipe segment, and avoid pipe segment breakage.

[0037] Furthermore, the excavation device includes at least one front cutter disc protruding forward and at least one rear cutter disc retracting backward, an auxiliary excavation device is arranged at a blind spot between the front cutter disc and the rear cutter disc, the axes of the cutter discs are parallel to each other, and the axes of the cutter discs are arranged at the same horizontal height in a "I" shape, or at different heights in a "" shape, or at different heights in a "∧" shape; when there are more than three front cutter discs and rear cutter discs, the front cutter discs and the rear cutter discs are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction of the front projection; when there are three front cutter discs and rear cutter discs, the front projections of the excavation device, the front shield, the middle shield, and the tail shield are all shape.

[0038] Furthermore, the front cutter disc and the rear cutter disc are both provided with independent driving units; or the front cutter disc is connected to the driving unit via a torsion leg and a disc flange, and the rear cutter disc is driven by the torsion leg of the front cutter disc.

[0039] Furthermore, the blade beam of the front blade disc and / or the rear blade disc is connected with a radially telescopic super-digging blade, and the super-digging blade is slidably matched with the inner cavity of the blade beam through a telescopic device.

[0040] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the present technical scheme provides an optimal design structure of the tunnel boring machine, in which the super-excavating cutter is installed in the inner cavity of the cutter beam, and the number is at least one. When necessary, it can be extended radially outward under the push of telescopic devices such as the rear oil cylinder to achieve partial expansion of the outer contour of the cutter disc, which is mainly used for posture adjustment of the equipment, such as equipment turning and correcting roll.

[0041] Furthermore, the auxiliary excavation device includes a wheel-shaped cutter disc vertically installed on the front shield partition, the wheel-shaped cutter disc is connected to the driving unit on the rear side of the front shield partition, and the front shield is provided with a large-flow brush pipe opposite to the auxiliary excavation device; or the auxiliary excavation device includes a small cutter disc installed in parallel on the front shield partition; or the auxiliary excavation device is a transverse axis drum or a longitudinal axis milling head or an eccentric swinging cutter disc.

[0042] A tunnel boring machine construction method, using the tunnel boring machine to construct a subway station, comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1: Initial state: Insert the stop pin into the stop pin hole of the last pipe segment, retract the propulsion system and drive the top iron to move backward.

[0044] S2: Lower a new ring of pipe sections between the last ring of pipe sections and the top iron.

[0045] S3: The excavation device excavates the soil under the action of the driving device and the propulsion device.

[0046] S4: After the propulsion device completes the propulsion, the excavation device stops excavating the soil, and each relay room extends the propulsion device 2 in sequence from front to back. When the pipe section in front of a relay room is pushed forward, the propulsion device 2 in the relay room in front of the pipe section being pushed forward is synchronously recovered.

[0047] S5: After each relay room is pushed forward, the jacking system starts to work. The jacking system pushes the jacking iron and the pipe section forward to a distance equal to the stroke of the second propulsion device and then stops pushing.

[0048] S6: Repeat S3 to S5 until the jacking system is fully extended and the retaining pin is inserted into the retaining pin hole of the last pipe segment.

[0049] At this point, the advancement process of one ring of pipe segments is completed, and multiple working cycles are completed until the excavation device, front shield, middle shield and tail shield of the tunnel boring machine enter the receiving well. The exit cylinder separates the tail shield from the first ring of pipe segments, and connects the top and bottom beams of each pipe segment to the columns in the relay room. After completing the conversion of the beam-column system, the temporary columns of the pipe segment are removed to form the overall architectural space of the subway station.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0051] 1. Adding a propulsion cylinder between the middle shield and the tail shield can achieve synchronous excavation and assembly, with high construction efficiency.

[0052] 2. The new articulated sealing structure and propulsion sealing structure are simple, feasible and easy to adjust.

[0053] 3. The friction reduction mud of pipe joints is controlled by zone and pressure, which significantly improves the friction reduction effect compared with the single pressure control of conventional pipe jacking.

[0054] 4. The jacking system adopts the pressure and displacement double closed-loop electro-hydraulic proportional control technology with divided and divided pressure of the oil cylinder, which reduces the uneven force on the pipe joints.

[0055] 5. The three-circle top pipe mode of underground excavation for subway stations has lower construction cost and higher efficiency than the three-circle shield mode.

[0056] 6. The subway station is constructed by concealed excavation using a three-circle pipe jacking machine. The structure is formed in one step and the transformation of the beam-column system is relatively simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0058] Figure 1 A longitudinal sectional view of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 It is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 is a front view of the excavation device;

[0061] Figure 4 It is the front view of the front shield partition;

[0062] Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of auxiliary excavation device

[0063] Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged view of the connection structure between the front shield and the middle shield;

[0064] Figure 7 This is a partial enlarged view of the connection structure between the middle shield and the tail shield;

[0065] Figure 8 It is the friction-reducing mud zoning map;

[0066] Fig. 9 This is a partial enlarged view of the relay room;

[0067] Fig.10 This is the front view of the assembly of the stop device and the pipe joint;

[0068] Fig.11 is a front view of another auxiliary excavation device;

[0069] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0070] 1. Excavation device, 1a. Front cutter disc, 1b. Rear cutter disc, 1c. Auxiliary excavation device, 101. Cutter disc flange, 102. Twist leg, 103. Cutter beam, 104. Stirring rod, 105. Large ring, 106. Super excavation knife, 107. Cutter disc, 108. Drive unit, 109. Drive motor, 110. Flushing pipe;

[0071] 2. Drive unit;

[0072] 3. Shield assembly, 31. Front shield, 32. Middle shield, 33. Tail shield, 34. Manhole, 35. Stirring device, 36. Outlet cylinder, 37. Slurry inlet flange, 38. Slurry discharge flange;

[0073] 301. articulated oil cylinder, 302. ear seat, 303. pin shaft, 304. articulated seal, 305. arc pressure plate, 306. screw, 311. front shield partition, 312. articulated outer ring, 313. ring plate, 321. articulated inner ring, 322. ring plate;

[0074] 323. Propulsion outer ring, 331. Propulsion inner ring, 332. Propulsion oil cylinder, 333. Fixed seat, 335. Propulsion seal, 336. Adjustment block, 337. O-ring, 338. Fixing screw, 339. Adjustment screw, 340. Anti-friction mud injection port;

[0075] 4. Slag discharge system, 41. Slurry inlet pipe, 42. Slurry discharge pipe;

[0076] 5. Friction reduction grouting system, 51. Top area, 52. Bottom area, 53. Side area;

[0077] 6. Relay room, 61. Front housing, 62. Rear housing, 63. Propulsion cylinder 2, 64. Sealing assembly, 65. Column, 66. Cylinder fixing seat;

[0078] 7. pipe joint, 71. stop pin hole, 72. bottom block, 73. side block, 74. top block, 75. bottom crossbeam, 76. top crossbeam, 77. temporary column;

[0079] 8. anti-retraction device, 81. gantry frame, 82. pin seat, 83. anti-retraction pin;

[0080] 9. Top iron;

[0081] 10. Push system, 10a. Push cylinder, 10b. Force sensor, 10c. Host computer, 10d. Displacement sensor;

[0082] 11. Lean back;

[0083] 12. Hydraulic system;

[0084] 13. Control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the core concept of the present invention and the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] like Figure 1 As shown, a tunnel boring machine includes an excavation device 1, a front shield 31, a middle shield 32 and a rear shield 33 connected in sequence, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the tail of the front shield 31 and the head of the middle shield 32 are hinged by a telescopic device and a hinge seal 304 is provided. Figure 7 As shown, a propulsion device and a propulsion seal 335 are provided between the tail of the middle shield 32 and the head of the tail shield 33, a relay room 6 is provided between the pipe segments 7 at the tail of the tail shield 33, and a jacking system 10 is provided at the tail of the last ring of pipe segments 7.

[0088] In the present technical solution, the front shield 31 and the middle shield 32 are hingedly connected by a telescopic device. The front shield 31 can be adjusted relative to the middle shield 32 or used to correct the roll by changing the length of the telescopic device. In the process of adjusting and correcting the roll, the hinged seal 304 ensures the sealing performance between the front shield 31 and the middle shield 32. A propulsion device is added between the middle shield 32 and the rear shield 33 to achieve synchronous excavation and assembly, that is, the propulsion device provides forward thrust to the middle shield 32, the front shield 31, and the excavation device 1, without having to completely rely on the rear push system 10 to continue to work. In the process of the propulsion device pushing the excavation device 1 forward to excavate, the push system 10 can be recovered, the relay room 6 is sequentially extended and retracted, and then the pipe section 7 is synchronously assembled.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] like Figure 6 As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on Example 1, the tail of the front shield 31 is provided with a hinged outer ring 312, the head of the middle shield 32 is provided with a hinged inner ring 321 plugged with the hinged outer ring 312, and the hinged seal 304 is arranged between the inner wall of the hinged outer ring 312 and the outer wall of the hinged inner ring 321.

[0091] Alternatively, as another embodiment, the rear portion of the front shield 31 is provided with a hinged inner ring 2, the head portion of the middle shield 32 is provided with a hinged outer ring 2 plugged into the hinged inner ring 2, and the hinged seal 304 is provided between the inner wall of the hinged outer ring 2 and the outer wall of the hinged inner ring 2.

[0092] On the basis of Example 1, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, in which the front shield 31 and the middle shield 32 are arranged in a plug-in connected structure, and the hinged seal 304 is arranged between the inner wall of the hinged outer ring 312 and the outer wall of the hinged inner ring 321 of the plug-in fitting, which is not only simple and feasible but also easy to adjust.

[0093] As for the specific plug-in relationship between the front shield 31 and the middle shield 32, it can be selected according to actual needs. The head of the middle shield 32 can be inserted into the tail of the front shield 31, or the tail of the front shield 31 can be inserted into the head of the middle shield 32. Preferably, the head of the middle shield 32 is inserted into the tail of the front shield 31, that is, preferably, a hinged outer ring 312 is provided at the tail of the front shield 31, and a hinged inner ring 321 plugged with the hinged outer ring 312 is provided at the head of the middle shield 32.

[0094] Example 3

[0095] like Figure 6 As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on Example 2, the hinged seal 304 is provided with at least three sealing structures, the first two sealing structures are lip seals, and the last sealing structure is a large-section airbag seal.

[0096] On the basis of Example 2, this example provides a preferred design structure for the tunnel boring machine. The three-sealing structure can fully ensure the reliability of the hinged seal 304. At the same time, when the first two lip seals fail, the large-section airbag seal can serve as an emergency seal.

[0097] Example 4

[0098] like Figure 6 As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on the above embodiment, the large-section airbag seal is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected to an air inlet check valve, the lip seal and the large-section airbag seal are both wing plate structures on both sides, and the hinged seal 304 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the hinged inner ring 321 or the outer peripheral surface of the hinged inner ring 2 through an arc-shaped pressure block 305.

[0099] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine. When the first two lip seals are not invalid, the large-section airbag seal may not be activated. When the first two lip seals fail, air is urgently injected into the large-section airbag seal through the air inlet and the air inlet check valve, thereby sealing the annular cavity between the hinged outer ring 312 and the hinged inner ring 321. At the same time, both the lip seal and the large-section airbag seal are structural forms with wing plates on both sides. The hinged seal 304 is fixed on the outer cylindrical surface of the hinged inner ring 321 by at least four arc-shaped pressing blocks 305, so as to prevent the hinged seal 304 from being separated from the outer cylindrical surface of the hinged inner ring 321 at the concave part of the outer cylindrical surface of the hinged inner ring 321 due to its own elasticity.

[0100] Example 5

[0101] like Figure 6 As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on the above embodiment, the telescopic device is hinged between the axially corresponding front shield tail ring plate 313 and the middle shield head ring plate 322 through the ear seat 302, and a plurality of telescopic devices are connected in parallel between the front shield tail ring plate 313 and the middle shield head ring plate 322, and each telescopic device is arranged in a multi-point ring along the circumferential direction of the front shield tail ring plate 313.

[0102] On the basis of the above embodiment, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, that is, the tail of the front shield 31 is provided with a front shield tail ring plate 313 located in the hinged outer ring 312, and the head of the middle shield 32 is provided with a middle shield head ring plate 322 located in the hinged inner ring 321. The front shield tail ring plate 313 and the middle shield head ring plate 322 are both annular and respectively adapted to the cross-sectional profiles of the front shield 31 and the middle shield 32, that is, consistent with the outer profile of the excavation section. The telescopic device can be a cylinder, an electric cylinder, or other devices or mechanisms with telescopic functions such as gear racks.

[0103] The telescopic device preferably uses an articulated oil cylinder 301, and the two ends of the articulated oil cylinder 301 are respectively connected to the front shield tail ring plate 313 and the middle shield head ring plate 322 through a pin shaft 303 and an ear seat 302. The articulated oil cylinder 301 is parallel to the articulated inner ring 321 and is arranged in a multi-point ring. The front shield 31 can be adjusted by using the stroke difference between the articulated oil cylinders 301 at different positions. For example, when the upper oil cylinder is extended and the lower oil cylinder is retracted, the front shield will be adjusted downward.

[0104] Example 6

[0105] like Figure 7As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on the above embodiment, the tail of the middle shield 32 is provided with a propulsion outer ring 323, the head of the tail shield 33 is provided with a propulsion inner ring 331 plugged with the propulsion outer ring 323, and the propulsion seal 335 is arranged between the inner wall of the propulsion outer ring 323 and the outer wall of the propulsion inner ring 331.

[0106] Alternatively, as another embodiment, the tail of the middle shield 32 is provided with a second propulsion inner ring, the head of the tail shield 33 is provided with a second propulsion outer ring plugged with the second propulsion inner ring, and the propulsion seal 335 is provided between the inner wall of the second propulsion outer ring and the outer wall of the second propulsion inner ring.

[0107] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, in which the tail shield 33 and the middle shield 32 are arranged in a plug-in connected structure, and the thrust seal 335 is arranged between the inner wall of the thrust outer ring 323 and the outer wall of the thrust inner ring 331 which are plug-in matched. This is not only simple and feasible, but also easy to adjust.

[0108] As for the specific plug-in relationship between the tail shield 33 and the middle shield 32, it can be selected according to actual needs. The tail of the middle shield 32 can be inserted into the head of the tail shield 33, or the head of the tail shield 33 can be inserted into the tail of the middle shield 32. It is preferred to insert the head of the tail shield 33 into the tail of the middle shield 32, that is, it is preferred to provide a propulsion outer ring 323 at the tail of the middle shield 32, and provide a propulsion inner ring 331 plugged with the propulsion outer ring 323 at the head of the tail shield 33.

[0109] Example 7

[0110] like Figure 7 As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on the above embodiment, the outer circumference of the propulsion inner ring 331 or the outer circumference of the propulsion inner ring 2 is provided with an annular groove, an adjustment block 336 is provided in the annular groove, and an adjustment screw 339 for adjusting the radial position of the adjustment block 336 is provided through the bottom of the annular groove, and a T-shaped groove is provided on the adjustment block 336, and the T-shaped groove connects the propulsion seal 335 with wing plates on both sides.

[0111] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, in which the thrust seal 335 is set to an adjustable structure. By rotating the adjustment screw 339, the adjustment block 336 can be radially pushed, and then the adjustment block 336 drives the thrust seal 335 to change the radial position, thereby compensating for the wear of the thrust seal 335.

[0112] The adjustment mechanism of the push seal 335 is mainly used in non-circular shield machines or non-circular jacking machines, because the seals of circular shields and conventional jacking pipes can be fixed and clamped on the installation surface by their own elasticity and the glue at the bottom of the groove, while the seals between the shields of special-shaped cross-section tunnel boring machines cannot be clamped by their own elasticity. For example, the outer contours of the push inner ring 331 and the push outer ring 323 of the three-circular jacking pipe are also Type, some are convex and some are concave.

[0113] Without the adjusting screw 339 and the adjusting block 336, the push seal 335 can easily be separated from the concave groove bottom under the action of its own elastic force, causing unnecessary troubles in assembly and use. The advantage of the adjustable structure of the push seal 335 in the technical solution is that it is applicable to both the convex sealing surface and the concave sealing surface, and can realize the function of quickly adjusting the sealing compression amount while being applicable to both the convex sealing surface and the concave sealing surface.

[0114] Example 8

[0115] like Figure 7 As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on the above embodiment, sealing rings 337 are arranged between the two end surfaces of the adjustment block 336 and the inner wall of the annular groove, at least two propulsion seals 335 are arranged, and lubricant injection holes are arranged between adjacent propulsion seals 335.

[0116] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine. The multi-channel sealing structure can fully ensure the reliability of the seal at the propulsion seal 335. At the same time, since there is a propulsion requirement between the middle shield 32 and the tail shield 33, the propulsion is used to push the excavation device 1 to excavate. To ensure the accuracy of the excavation construction, there must be a large assembly force between the propulsion outer ring 323 and the propulsion inner ring 331. Here, there is a large friction force between the propulsion seal 335 and the propulsion outer ring 323 and the propulsion inner ring 331, which is another reason for setting the propulsion seal 335 to be adjustable. Therefore, injecting lubricant into the annular cavity between adjacent propulsion seals 335 through the lubricant injection hole can not only ensure the assembly force between the propulsion outer ring 323 and the propulsion inner ring 331, but also avoid excessive wear of the propulsion seal 335.

[0117] Example 9

[0118] like Figure 7As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on the above embodiment, one end of the propulsion device is set on the head of the tail shield 33 through a fixing seat 333 and a tail shield head ring plate 341, and the other end is connected to the middle shield 32 through a middle shield tail ring plate 324, and a plurality of propulsion devices are connected in parallel between the tail shield head ring plate 341 and the middle shield tail ring plate 324, and each propulsion device is arranged in a multi-point ring along the circumferential direction of the front tail shield head ring plate 341.

[0119] On the basis of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, that is, the tail of the middle shield 32 is provided with a middle shield tail ring plate 324 located in the propulsion outer ring 323, and the head of the tail shield 33 is provided with a tail shield head ring plate 341 located in the propulsion inner ring 331. The tail shield head ring plate 341 and the middle shield tail ring plate 324 are both annular and are respectively adapted to the cross-sectional profiles of the tail shield 33 and the middle shield 32, that is, consistent with the outer profile of the excavation section.

[0120] The propulsion device may be a cylinder, an electric cylinder, or other devices or mechanisms with telescopic functions such as a gear rack. The propulsion device preferably uses a propulsion cylinder 332, which is fixed between the middle shield tail ring plate 324 and the tail shield head ring plate 341 through a fixing seat 333. The propulsion cylinder 332 is different from the above-mentioned articulated cylinder 301 for direction adjustment. In the process of pushing the excavation device 1 to dig, it is necessary to maintain the synchronization of each propulsion cylinder 332.

[0121] Example 10

[0122] like Fig. 9 As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on the above embodiment, the relay room 6 includes a front shell 61 connected to the top of the previous pipe segment 7, and a rear shell 62 connected to the top of a pipe segment 7, the front shell 61 and / or the rear shell 62 are connected with a column 65, the front shell 61 and the rear shell 62 are plug-in connected by a propulsion device, and a sealing assembly 64 is arranged between the front shell 61 and the rear shell 62.

[0123] On the basis of the above embodiment, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, wherein the relay room 6 is set as a split structure, and during the construction process, the distance between the front housing 61 and the rear housing 62 is adjusted by the propulsion device 2, and the pipe section 7 is relayed forward by the sequential extension and contraction of each relay room 6. Similarly, the propulsion device 2 can use either an oil cylinder or an electric cylinder, or other devices or mechanisms with extension and contraction functions such as a gear rack. The propulsion device 2 preferably uses a propulsion cylinder 2 63, and the installation structure of the propulsion cylinder 2 63 is similar to the above propulsion cylinder 332, and is fixed to the rear housing 62 through a cylinder fixing seat 66 and is connected to the front housing 61.

[0124] It should be noted that, according to the different profiles of the excavation section, corresponding columns 65 can be set in the front shell 61 and the rear shell 62. The front shell 61 is provided with an outer ring similar to the propulsion outer ring 323 of the middle shield 32 and a front shell ring plate similar to the middle shield tail ring plate 324 of the middle shield 32, and the rear shell 62 is provided with an inner ring similar to the propulsion inner ring 331 of the tail shield 33 and a rear shell ring plate similar to the tail shield head ring plate 341 of the tail shield 33. The propulsion oil cylinder 2 63 is arranged between the front shell ring plate and the rear shell ring plate. The arrangement form of the propulsion oil cylinder 2 63 is also arranged in a multi-point annular arrangement along the axial direction of the rear shell ring plate, and each propulsion oil cylinder 2 63 is arranged in parallel. The profiles of the above-mentioned inner ring, outer ring, rear shell ring plate, and front shell ring plate are all consistent with the profile of the excavation section. Of course, the positions of the inner ring and the outer ring can also be switched between the front shell 61 and the rear shell 62.

[0125] The sealing assembly 64 has the same structural form as the above-mentioned propulsion seal 335 and also has the same adjustment mechanism. When a plurality of sealing assemblies 64 are arranged at intervals, the radial position of the sealing assemblies 64 can be adjusted and lubricant can be injected between adjacent sealing assemblies 64. Since the plug-in structural form between the front housing 61 and the rear housing 62 and the structural form of the sealing assembly 64 are similar to the corresponding structures of the middle shield 32 and the tail shield 33, they will not be described here.

[0126] Embodiment 11

[0127] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 8 As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on the above embodiment, the front shield 31 and / or the middle shield 32 and / or the tail shield 33 and / or the pipe segment 7 and / or the relay room 6 are provided with friction-reducing grouting holes, and the friction-reducing grouting holes correspond to the top friction-reducing grouting area 51, the bottom friction-reducing grouting area 52 and the side friction-reducing grouting area 53 respectively.

[0128] On the basis of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine. The friction-reducing grouting system 5 is used to inject friction-reducing mud into the pipe segment 7 and the shield body 3. The difference from conventional shield machines and jacking pipes is that the subway station has a large burial depth, a large span, and a high height. A load arch cannot be formed above the pipe segment 7. The pressure around the pipe segment 7 is high and the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts is large. In order to achieve good pipe slurry friction, the pipe segment 7 is divided into four zones, namely the top zone 51, the bottom zone 52, and the two side zones 53. The zones are connected to the grouting pipelines, and the slurry injection pressure is controlled in each zone. The advantage of this design is that it is conducive to forming a complete slurry sleeve and reducing the friction resistance of the pipe segment.

[0129] Example 12

[0130] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig.10 As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on the above embodiment, is provided with a stop pin hole 71 on the pipe segment 7, and a stop device 8 matching with the stop pin hole 71 is provided at the last ring of the pipe segment 7, and the stop device 8 includes a gantry frame 81, and a pin seat 82 is provided on the gantry frame 81, and a stop pin 83 that is plugged and matched with the stop pin hole 71 is slidably provided in the pin seat 82.

[0131] On the basis of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, wherein the pipe section 7 includes a stop pin hole 71, a bottom block 72, a side block 73, a top block 74, a bottom cross beam 75, a top cross beam 76, a temporary column 77, etc., and connecting bolts and sealing strips are provided between each block.

[0132] The anti-retraction device 8 is used to prevent the front pipe segment 7 from retreating under the pressure of the mud and water bin when the jacking system 10 is recovered and the next pipe segment 7 is lowered after a ring of pipe segments 7 is pushed into place. The anti-retraction device 8 mainly includes components such as a gantry frame 81, a pin seat 82, and an anti-retraction pin 83. The bottom plate of the gantry frame 81 is fixed to the bottom of the starting well, and a number of pin seats 82 are provided on the side and the top. A slidable anti-retraction pin 83 is provided in the pin seat 82, and the position of the anti-retraction pin 83 corresponds to the position of the anti-retraction pin hole 71 on each ring of pipe segments 7. When it is necessary to withdraw the jacking system 10, the anti-retraction pin 83 is first inserted into the anti-retraction pin hole 71.

[0133] Example 13

[0134] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a tunnel boring machine, based on the above embodiment, a top iron 9 is arranged between the top iron 9 and the last ring pipe segment 7, and a plurality of force sensors 10b arranged in different zones are arranged between the top iron 9 and the pipe segment 7, and the force sensors 10b are connected to a host computer 10c, and the host computer 10c controls the top pressure of each zone of the top pushing system 10 according to the measurement data of the force sensor 10b. The top pushing devices in each zone of the top pushing system 10 are all provided with displacement sensors 10d connected to the host computer 10c, and the host computer 10c controls the synchronization of the top pushing devices in each zone according to the measurement data of the displacement sensor 10d.

[0135] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine. The pushing system 10 is basically consistent with the conventional jacking pipe in terms of structure and function, and will not be discussed in detail here. Since the number of the jacking oil cylinders 10a of the jacking machine for special-shaped excavation surfaces such as the three-circle jacking machine is large, and the overall pushing force is large, its control method is quite different from that of the conventional jacking pipe. The main difference is that it adopts the pressure and displacement double closed-loop electro-hydraulic proportional control technology with cylinder division and pressure division.

[0136] First, a plurality of force sensors 10b are circumferentially arranged between the top iron 9 and the pipe section 7. The force sensors 10b feed back the measured pressure data to the upper computer 10c. The upper computer 10c analyzes the distribution characteristics of the friction resistance of the front pipe section 7 according to the measured data, and automatically calculates and distributes the pressure value of the push cylinder 10a in each area according to the distribution characteristics and the arrangement of the push cylinder 10a, and feeds back the pressure value of each area to the respective pressure regulating valves to adjust the pressure of the cylinders in each area, so as to control the combined force of the push cylinder 10a and the combined force of the friction resistance of the pipe section 7 to be collinear to the greatest extent.

[0137] In addition, each zone oil cylinder has 1~2 displacement sensors 10d, which feed back the measured displacement to the host computer 10c, and the host computer 10c feeds back the flow control valve according to the set propulsion value to control the flow and control the synchronization of each push oil cylinder 10a to the greatest extent. The characteristics of this technology are good load compliance, high cylinder synchronization accuracy, uniform force on the pipe segment, and avoid pipe segment breakage.

[0138] Embodiment 14

[0139] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a roadheader, based on the above embodiment, the excavation device 1 includes at least one front cutter disc 1a protruding forward, at least one rear cutter disc 1b retracting backward, an auxiliary excavation device 1c is arranged at the blind spot between the front cutter disc 1a and the rear cutter disc 1b, the axes of the cutter discs are parallel to each other, and the axes of the cutter discs are located at the same horizontal height in an "I" shape arrangement or at different heights in a "V" shape arrangement or at different heights in a "∧" shape arrangement; when there are more than three front cutter discs 1a and rear cutter discs 1b, the front cutter discs 1a and rear cutter discs 1b are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction of the front projection; when there are three front cutter discs 1a and rear cutter discs 1b, the front projections of the excavation device 1, the front shield 31, the middle shield 32, and the tail shield 33 are all shape.

[0140] Furthermore, the front cutter disc 1a and the rear cutter disc 1b are both provided with an independent driving unit 2, or the front cutter disc 1a is connected to the driving unit 2 via the twist leg 102 and the disc flange 101, and the rear cutter disc 1b is driven via the twist leg 102 of the front cutter disc 1a.

[0141] Embodiment 15

[0142] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a roadheader, based on the above embodiment, the cutter beam 103 of the front cutter disc 1a and / or the rear cutter disc 1b is connected with a radially telescopic super-digging cutter 106, and the super-digging cutter 106 is slidably matched with the inner cavity of the cutter beam 103 through a telescopic device.

[0143] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred design structure of the tunnel boring machine, in which the super-digging cutter 106 is installed in the inner cavity of the cutter beam 103, and the number is at least one. When necessary, it can be extended radially outward under the push of telescopic devices such as the rear oil cylinder to achieve partial expansion of the outer contour of the cutter disc, which is mainly used for posture adjustment of the equipment, such as equipment turning and correcting roll.

[0144] Example 16

[0145] like Figure 5 As shown, a roadheader, based on the above embodiment, the auxiliary excavation device 1c includes a wheel-shaped cutter head 107 vertically mounted on the front shield partition 311, the wheel-shaped cutter head 107 is connected to the drive unit 108 on the rear side of the front shield partition 311, and the front shield 31 is provided with a large flow brush pipe 110 opposite to the auxiliary excavation device 1c; or as Fig.11 As shown, the auxiliary excavation device 1c includes a small cutter disc 111 installed in parallel on the front shield partition 311; or the auxiliary excavation device 1c is a transverse axis drum or a longitudinal axis milling head or an eccentric swinging cutter disc.

[0146] Embodiment 17

[0147] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a roadheader includes an excavation device 1, a drive unit 2, a shield assembly 3, a slag discharge system 4, a friction reduction grouting system 5, a relay room 6, a pipe section 7, a stop device 8, a top iron 9, a top thrust system 10, a backrest 11, a hydraulic system 12 and a control system 13.

[0148] The excavation device 1 is used for full-section excavation of the face rock and soil, supporting and stabilizing the face, limiting the particle size of the incoming slag, and stirring the mud in the mud and water bin. The excavation device 1 is composed of a front cutter disc 1a, a rear cutter disc 1b, and a blind area auxiliary excavation device 1c. The front and rear cutter disc axes are arranged horizontally and parallel, and the center lines of the cutter discs are in a "one" shape at the same horizontal position.

[0149] The middle blade protrudes forward to form the front blade 1a, and the blades on both sides are retracted to form the rear blade 1b. The front and rear blades are both composite, and their main structure consists of a blade flange 101, a twist leg 102, a blade beam 103, a stirring rod 104 and a large ring 105.

[0150] In addition, in addition to the front and rear cutter disc axes being arranged horizontally and parallel, the cutter disc center lines can be arranged at the same horizontal position to form a "I" shape, or they can be staggered in height to form a "V" shape or a "∧" shape. The middle cutter disc can protrude forward to form the front cutter disc, and the cutter discs on both sides can be retracted to form the rear cutter disc, or the cutter discs on both sides can protrude forward to form the front cutter disc, and the middle cutter disc can be retracted to form the rear cutter disc.

[0151] The cutterhead flange 101 is used to connect the main structure of the cutterhead with the drive unit 2, and transmits the cutterhead load to the drive unit 2 during operation. The cutter beam is arranged with components such as roller cutters, tear cutters, scrapers, super digging cutters 106, flushing holes, and improver nozzles. The back of the cutterhead beam on the outside of the twisting leg of the rear cutterhead 1b is arranged with multiple stirring rods 104 with different trajectories, and the back of the cutterhead beam on the inside of the twisting leg of the front cutterhead 1a is arranged with multiple stirring rods 104 with different trajectories. The super digging cutter 106 is installed in the inner cavity of the cutterhead beam 103, and the number is at least one. When necessary, it can be extended radially outward under the push of the rear oil cylinder to realize the local expansion of the outer contour of the cutterhead, which is mainly used for the posture adjustment of the equipment, such as equipment turning and correcting rolling.

[0152] There is a local excavation blind area at the intersection of the excavation outer contour of the front cutter disc 1a and the excavation outer contour of the rear cutter disc 1b, where an auxiliary excavation device 1c is provided for excavation. The auxiliary excavation device 1c is vertically installed on the rear side of the front shield partition 311. The auxiliary excavation device 1c consists of a cutter disc 107, a drive unit 108, a drive motor 109 and a flushing pipe 110. The cutter disc 107 is wheel-shaped, and a roller and a scraper are arranged on the outer cylindrical surface. A large-flow flushing pipe 110 is provided on the vertical plate of the shield body on the rear side of the cutter disc 107, which is used to flush the debris excavated by the auxiliary excavation device 1c forward.

[0153] The drive unit 2 includes three independent drive devices for providing power to the front / rear cutter discs. Each drive device includes a motor, a reducer, a pinion shaft, a large gear, a bearing, a housing, etc.

[0154] The shield assembly 3 is composed of a front shield 31, a middle shield 32, a rear shield 33, a manhole 34, a stirring device 35, an outlet cylinder 36, a slurry inlet flange 37 and a slurry discharge flange 38. The front shield partition 311 is provided with three mounting holes for the drive device 2, the upper part is provided with a manhole mounting hole and the manhole 34 is installed, the blind area is provided with a mounting hole for the blind area auxiliary excavation device 1c, the top is provided with 1 to 3 slurry inlet holes and a slurry inlet flange 37, the bottom is provided with 1 to 3 slurry discharge holes and a slurry discharge flange 38, and stirring devices 35 are arranged on both sides of each slurry discharge hole for forced stirring of the slurry. A grille plate 39 is provided in front of the slurry discharge hole for controlling the particle size of the debris entering the slurry discharge pipe 42 to avoid blockage of the slurry discharge pipe 42.

[0155] Different from conventional pipe jacking, the three-circle pipe jacking machine is provided with an articulated outer ring 312, an articulated inner ring 321, an articulated cylinder 301, an ear seat 302, a pin 303, an articulated seal 304, an arc pressure plate 305 and a screw 306 between the tail of the front shield 31 and the head of the middle shield 32.

[0156] The hinged outer ring 312 is connected to the tail of the front shield 31 as a whole, and the hinged inner ring 321 is connected to the head of the middle shield 32 as a whole. The inner contour of the hinged outer ring 312 and the outer contour of the hinged inner ring 321 are The hinged inner ring 321 is inserted into the hinged outer ring 312. The two ends of the hinged oil cylinder 301 are respectively connected to the front shield tail ring plate 313 and the middle shield head ring plate 322 through the pin shaft 303 and the ear seat 302. The hinged oil cylinder 301 is parallel to the hinged inner ring 321 and is arranged in a multi-point ring. The front shield 31 can be adjusted by using the stroke difference between the hinged oil cylinders 301 at different positions. For example, when the upper oil cylinder extends and the lower oil cylinder retracts, the front shield will be adjusted downward.

[0157] The hinge seal 304 is composed of at least three layers, the first two layers are lip seals, and the last layer is a large-section airbag seal. Both the lip seal and the large-section airbag seal have wing plates on both sides. The hinge seal 304 is fixed on the outer cylindrical surface of the hinge inner ring 321 by at least four arc-shaped pressing blocks 305 to prevent the hinge seal 304 from detaching from the outer cylindrical surface of the hinge inner ring 321 due to its own elasticity at the concave part of the outer cylindrical surface of the hinge inner ring 321. The emergency airbag is provided with an air inlet and a one-way valve. The emergency airbag is used to seal the annular cavity between the hinge outer ring 312 and the hinge inner ring 321 by injecting air into the airbag in an emergency when the hinge seal fails.

[0158] Different from the conventional pipe jacking machine, the three-circle pipe jacking machine is provided with a propulsion outer ring 323, a propulsion inner ring 331, a propulsion cylinder 332, a fixing seat 333, a propulsion seal 335, an adjustment block 336, an O-ring 337, a fixing screw 338, an adjustment screw 339, a friction-reducing mud injection port 340 and other parts between the tail of the middle shield 32 and the head of the tail shield 33.

[0159] The outer propulsion ring 323 is connected to the tail of the middle shield as a whole, and the inner propulsion ring 331 is connected to the head of the tail shield as a whole. The inner contour of the outer propulsion ring 323 and the outer contour of the inner propulsion ring 331 are also The thrust inner ring 331 is inserted into the thrust outer ring 323. The thrust cylinder 332 is fixed between the middle shield tail ring plate 324 and the tail shield head ring plate 341 through the fixing seat 333. The thrust cylinder 332 is arranged in a multi-point ring in parallel with the thrust inner ring 331. The thrust cylinder 332 is used to push the excavation device 1 to excavate. An annular groove is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the thrust inner ring 331, and an adjustment screw 339 is provided at the bottom of the groove. An adjustment block 336 is installed in the annular groove. O-rings 337 are provided on both sides of the adjustment block 336 and the annular groove. The adjustment block 336 is provided with a T-slot, and a thrust seal 335 with wing plates on both sides is provided in the T-slot. A plurality of fixing screw installation through holes are provided at the bottom of the T-slot for installing fixing screws 338, and the fixing screws 338 are screwed into the central threaded hole of the adjustment screw 339.

[0160] The above-mentioned push seal 335 is provided with at least two layers, and a lubricant injection hole is provided between the two push seals 335. The advantage of this structure is that the adjustment block 336 can be pushed outward together with the push seal 335 and pressed against the inner cavity of the push outer ring 323 by rotating the adjustment screw 339, which is convenient for adjusting the push seal 335 after wear. Another advantage is that the outer contours of the push inner ring 331 and the push outer ring 323 of the three-dome tube are also The type has both convex and concave parts, and cannot be fixed and held tightly on the installation surface by its own elasticity and the glue on the bottom of the groove like the seals of circular shields and conventional jacking pipes. Without the adjustment block 336, the push seal 335 can easily be separated from the concave bottom of the groove under the action of its own elastic force, causing unnecessary troubles in assembly and use. The advantage of this structure is that it is applicable to both convex sealing surfaces and concave sealing surfaces. It can realize the function of quickly adjusting the sealing compression amount.

[0161] The slag discharge system 4 adopts mud and water circulation to discharge slag, the slurry inlet pipe 41 is connected to the slurry inlet flange 37, and the slurry discharge pipe 42 is connected to the slurry discharge flange 38.

[0162] The friction-reducing grouting system 5 is used to inject friction-reducing mud into the pipe segment 7 and around the shield body 3. The difference between the conventional shield and jacking pipe is that the subway station has a large burial depth, a large span and a high height. A load arch cannot be formed above the pipe segment 7. The pressure around the pipe segment 7 is large and the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts is large. In order to achieve good pipe slurry friction, the pipe segment 7 is divided into four areas, namely the top area 51, the bottom area 52 and the two side areas 53. The grouting pipelines are connected to the areas, and the mud injection pressure is controlled in each area. The advantage of this design is that it is conducive to forming a complete mud sleeve and reducing the friction resistance of the pipe segment.

[0163] The relay room 6 is composed of a front housing 61, a rear housing 62, a second propulsion cylinder 63, a sealing assembly 64, a column 65 and a cylinder fixing seat 66. Its structure is similar to that between the middle shield and the tail shield, and will not be described in detail here. Its main function is to relay and propel the pipe segment 7 forward.

[0164] The pipe section 7 comprises a stop pin hole 71, a bottom block 72, a side block 73, a top block 74, a bottom cross beam 75, a top cross beam 76, a temporary column 77, etc. Connecting bolts and sealing strips are arranged between each block.

[0165] The anti-retraction device 8 is used to prevent the front pipe section 7 from retreating under the pressure of the mud and water bin when the main jacking cylinder 10a and the jacking iron 9 are withdrawn and the next pipe section 7 is lowered after pushing a ring of pipe sections 7 into place. It mainly includes components such as a gantry frame 81, a pin seat 82, and an anti-retraction pin 83. The bottom plate of the gantry frame 81 is fixed to the bottom of the starting well, and a number of pin seats 82 are provided on the side and the top. The pin seats 82 are provided with slidable anti-retraction pins 83, and the position of the anti-retraction pin 83 corresponds to the position of the anti-retraction pin hole 71 on each ring of pipe sections 7. When it is necessary to withdraw the jacking cylinder 10a, first insert the anti-retraction pin 83 into the anti-retraction pin hole 71, and then withdraw the jacking cylinder 10a and the jacking iron 9.

[0166] The top iron 9 and the backrest 11 are basically consistent with the structure and function of the conventional top pipe, and will not be discussed in detail here.

[0167] The structure and function of the jacking system 10 are basically the same as those of conventional jacking pipes, and will not be discussed in detail here. Since the number of jacking oil cylinders 10a of the three-round jacking machine is large and the overall jacking force is large, its control method is quite different from that of conventional jacking pipes. The main feature is that it adopts the pressure and displacement double closed-loop electro-hydraulic proportional control technology with zoned and divided pressure of the oil cylinders. First, a plurality of force sensors 10b are arranged in the annular direction between the top iron 9 and the pipe section 7. The force sensors 10b feed back the measured pressure data to the host computer 10c. The host computer 10c analyzes the distribution characteristics of the friction resistance of the front pipe section 7 according to the measured data, and automatically calculates and distributes the pressure value of the jacking oil cylinder 10a in each zone according to the distribution characteristics and the arrangement of the jacking oil cylinder 10a, and feeds back the pressure value of each zone to the respective pressure regulating valve, and adjusts the pressure of the oil cylinders in each zone, so as to control the collinearity of the resultant force of the jacking oil cylinder 10a and the resultant force of the friction resistance of the pipe section 7 to the greatest extent. In addition, each zone oil cylinder has 1~2 displacement sensors 10d, which feed back the measured displacement to the host computer 10c, and the host computer 10c feeds back the flow control valve according to the set propulsion value to control the flow and control the synchronization of each push oil cylinder 10a to the greatest extent. The characteristics of this technology are good load compliance, high cylinder synchronization accuracy, uniform force on the pipe segment, and avoidance of pipe segment breakage.

[0168] The hydraulic system 12 and the electrical control system 13 are used for intelligent control of each system.

[0169] Embodiment 18

[0170] like Figure 1-Figure 10 A tunnel boring machine construction method, using the tunnel boring machine to construct a subway station, comprises the following steps:

[0171] S1: Initial state: insert the stop pin 83 into the stop pin hole 71 of the last ring pipe segment 7, and the propulsion system is recovered and drives the top iron 9 to move backward.

[0172] S2: Lower a new ring of pipe segments 7 between the last ring of pipe segments 7 and the top iron 9.

[0173] S3: The excavation device 1 excavates the soil under the action of the driving device 2 and the propulsion device.

[0174] S4: After the propulsion device completes the propulsion, the excavation device 1 stops excavating the soil, and each relay room 6 extends the propulsion device 2 in sequence from front to back. When the pipe segment 7 in front of a relay room 6 is pushed forward, the propulsion device 2 in the relay room 6 in front of the pipe segment 7 being pushed forward is synchronously recovered.

[0175] S5: After each relay room 6 is pushed forward, the jacking system 10 starts to work. The jacking system 10 pushes the top iron 9 and the pipe section 7 forward to a distance equal to the stroke of the second pushing device and then stops pushing.

[0176] S6: Repeat S3 to S5 until the jacking system 10 is fully extended and the retaining pin 83 is inserted into the retaining pin hole 71 of the last pipe segment 7.

[0177] At this point, the advancement process of one ring of pipe segments 7 is completed, and multiple working cycles are performed until the excavation device 1, front shield 31, middle shield 32 and tail shield 33 of the tunnel boring machine enter the receiving well, and the exit cylinder 36 separates the tail shield 33 from the first ring of pipe segments 7, and connects the top crossbeam 75 and the bottom crossbeam 76 of each pipe segment 7 to the column 65 of the relay room 6. After completing the conversion of the beam-column system, the temporary columns 77 of the pipe segment 7 are removed to form the overall architectural space of the subway station.

[0178] The details not described in detail in the present invention are all conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0179] The above content shows and describes the basic principles, main features and beneficial effects of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel boring machine, comprising an excavation device (1), a front shield (31), a middle shield (32) and a rear shield (33) connected in sequence, characterized in that: The tail of the front shield (31) and the head of the middle shield (32) are hingedly connected by a telescopic device and are provided with a hinged seal (304); a propulsion device and a propulsion seal (335) are provided between the tail of the middle shield (32) and the head of the tail shield (33); a relay room (6) is provided between the pipe sections (7) at the tail of the tail shield (33); and a push system (10) is provided at the tail of the last ring of pipe sections (7); The hinged seal (304) is provided with at least three sealing structures, the first two sealing structures are lip seals, and the last sealing structure is a large-section airbag seal; The large-section airbag seal is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected to an air inlet non-return valve, the lip seal and the large-section airbag seal are both structures with wing plates on both sides, and the hinged seal (304) is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the hinged inner ring (321) or the outer peripheral surface of the hinged inner ring 2 through an arc-shaped pressing block (305); The middle shield (32) is provided with a propulsion outer ring (323) at the tail end, the tail shield (33) is provided with a propulsion inner ring (331) plugged into the propulsion outer ring (323) at the head end, and the propulsion seal (335) is provided between the inner wall of the propulsion outer ring (323) and the outer wall of the propulsion inner ring (331); or the middle shield (32) is provided with a propulsion inner ring II at the tail end, the tail shield (33) is provided with a propulsion outer ring II plugged into the propulsion inner ring II, and the propulsion seal (335) is provided between the inner wall of the propulsion outer ring II and the outer wall of the propulsion inner ring II; An annular groove is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the thrust inner ring (331) or the outer circumferential surface of the thrust inner ring 2, an adjustment block (336) is provided in the annular groove, an adjustment screw (339) for adjusting the radial position of the adjustment block (336) is provided through the bottom of the annular groove, and a T-shaped groove is provided on the adjustment block (336), and the T-shaped groove connects the thrust seals (335) with wing plates on both sides.

2. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front shield (31) is provided with a hinged outer ring (312) at the rear end, the middle shield (32) is provided with a hinged inner ring (321) plugged into the hinged outer ring (312) at the head end, and the hinged seal (304) is provided between the inner wall of the hinged outer ring (312) and the outer wall of the hinged inner ring (321); or the front shield (31) is provided with a hinged inner ring II at the rear end, the middle shield (32) is provided with a hinged outer ring II plugged into the hinged inner ring II, and the hinged seal (304) is provided between the inner wall of the hinged outer ring II and the outer wall of the hinged inner ring II.

3. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic device is hinged between the axially corresponding front shield tail ring plate (313) and the middle shield head ring plate (322) through the ear seat (302); a plurality of telescopic devices are connected in parallel between the front shield tail ring plate (313) and the middle shield head ring plate (322); and each telescopic device is arranged in a multi-point annular arrangement along the circumferential direction of the front shield tail ring plate (313).

4. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sealing rings (337) are provided between both end surfaces of the adjustment block (336) and the inner wall of the annular groove. At least two push seals (335) are provided, and lubricant injection holes are provided between adjacent push seals (335).

5. The tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: One end of the propulsion device is arranged at the head of the tail shield (33) through a fixing seat (333) and a tail shield head ring plate (341), and the other end is connected to the middle shield (32) through a middle shield tail ring plate (324). A plurality of propulsion devices are connected in parallel between the tail shield head ring plate (341) and the middle shield tail ring plate (324), and each propulsion device is arranged in a multi-point annular arrangement along the circumferential direction of the front tail shield head ring plate (341).

6. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The relay room (6) comprises a front shell (61) connected to the top of a previous pipe section (7) and a rear shell (62) connected to the top of a pipe section (7); the front shell (61) and / or the rear shell (62) are connected to a column (65); the front shell (61) and the rear shell (62) are plug-connected via a second propulsion device; and a sealing assembly (64) is provided between the front shell (61) and the rear shell (62).

7. The tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6, characterized in that: The front shield (31) or / and the middle shield (32) or / and the tail shield (33) or / and the pipe joint (7) or / and the relay room (6) are all provided with friction-reducing grouting holes, and the friction-reducing grouting holes correspond to the top friction-reducing grouting area (51), the bottom friction-reducing grouting area (52), and the side friction-reducing grouting area (53), respectively.

8. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pipe section (7) is provided with a stop pin hole (71), and the last pipe section (7) is provided with a stop device (8) that matches the stop pin hole (71). The stop device (8) comprises a gantry frame (81), and a pin seat (82) is provided on the gantry frame (81). A stop pin (83) that is plugged and matched with the stop pin hole (71) is slidably provided in the pin seat (82).

9. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: A push iron (9) is arranged between the push iron (9) and the last pipe segment (7); a plurality of force sensors (10b) arranged in zones are arranged between the push iron (9) and the pipe segment (7); the force sensors (10b) are connected to a host computer (10c); and the host computer (10c) controls the push pressure of each zone of the push system (10) according to measurement data of the force sensors (10b); and the push devices of each zone of the push system (10) are all provided with displacement sensors (10d) connected to the host computer (10c); and the host computer (10c) controls the synchronization of the push devices of each zone according to measurement data of the displacement sensors (10d).

10. The tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1-4, 6, 8-9, characterized in that: The excavation device (1) comprises at least one front cutter disc (1a) protruding forward and at least one rear cutter disc (1b) retracting backward; an auxiliary excavation device (1c) is arranged at a blind spot between the front cutter disc (1a) and the rear cutter disc (1b); the axes of the cutter discs are parallel to each other; the axes of the cutter discs are arranged at the same horizontal height in a "I" shape, or at different heights in a "V" shape, or at different heights in a "∧" shape; when there are more than three front cutter discs (1a) and rear cutter discs (1b), the front cutter discs (1a) and rear cutter discs (1b) are arranged alternately in the horizontal direction of the front view projection.

11. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The front blade disc (1a) and the rear blade disc (1b) are both provided with independent drive units (2); or the front blade disc (1a) is connected to the drive unit (2) via a twist leg (102) and a disc flange (101), and the rear blade disc (1b) is driven via the twist leg (102) of the front blade disc (1a).

12. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 11, characterized in that: The blade beam (103) of the front blade disc (1a) or / and the rear blade disc (1b) is connected to a radially telescopic super-digging blade (106), and the super-digging blade (106) is slidably matched with the inner cavity of the blade beam (103) through a telescopic device.

13. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: The auxiliary excavation device (1c) comprises a wheel-shaped cutter disc (107) vertically mounted on a front shield partition (311), the wheel-shaped cutter disc (107) being connected to a drive unit (108) on the rear side of the front shield partition (311), and a large-flow brush pipe (110) opposite to the auxiliary excavation device (1c) is provided on the front shield (31); or the auxiliary excavation device (1c) comprises a small cutter disc (111) mounted in parallel on the front shield partition (311); or the auxiliary excavation device (1c) is a transverse axis drum, a longitudinal axis milling head, or an eccentric swinging cutter disc.

14. A tunnel boring machine construction method, characterized in that: The construction of a subway station using the tunnel boring machine described in claim 13 comprises the following steps: S1: Initial state: insert the stop pin (83) into the stop pin hole (71) of the last tube segment (7), retract the propulsion system and drive the top iron (9) to move backward; S2: lowering a new ring of pipe segments (7) between the last ring of pipe segments (7) and the top iron (9); S3: the excavation device (1) excavates the soil under the action of the driving device (2) and the propulsion device; S4: After the propulsion device completes the propulsion, the excavation device (1) stops excavating the soil, and the propulsion device 2 is sequentially extended from the front to the back of each relay room (6). When the pipe section (7) at the front of a relay room (6) is pushed forward, the propulsion device 2 in the relay room (6) in front of the pipe section (7) being pushed forward is synchronously recovered; S5: After each relay room (6) is pushed forward, the pushing system (10) starts to work, and the pushing system (10) pushes the top iron (9) and the pipe section (7) to move forward a distance equal to the stroke of the second pushing device, and then stops pushing; S6: Repeat S3 to S5 until the push system (10) is fully extended and the stop pin (83) is inserted into the stop pin hole (71) of the last pipe segment (7); At this point, the advancement process of one ring of pipe segments (7) is completed, and multiple working cycles are repeated until the excavation device (1), the front shield (31), the middle shield (32) and the tail shield (33) of the roadheader enter the receiving well.

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