A reflection device for vertical optical path switching

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reflective device for vertical optical path switching, comprising a reflector seat, a reflector, a rotating mechanism, and a limit block. The reflector seat is provided with two mutually perpendicular light incident surfaces and a light emitting surface perpendicular to both light incident surfaces. The reflector is rotatably arranged within the reflector seat, and the longitudinal axis of the reflector coincides with the body diagonal of a regular cube formed by the two light incident surfaces and the light emitting surface of the reflector seat. One end of the reflector is provided with a supporting shaft, and the other end is provided with a fixed shaft. A self-aligning ball bearing is sleeved on the supporting shaft, and two angular contact ball bearings are sleeved on the fixed shaft. The rotating mechanism comprises a half gear, a motor, and a driving gear. The half gear is fixedly sleeved on the fixed shaft of the reflector, and the driving gear is mounted on the end of the motor shaft and meshes with the half gear. The limit block is fixed to the reflector seat and is located between the two ends of the semi-ring gear of the half gear, limiting the rotation range of the half gear to 90 degrees. The reflector mounting structure of the present invention is stable and has high rigidity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of optical imaging technology, and relates to a multi-light-path optical imaging system, in particular to a reflection device for switching vertical light paths. BACKGROUND

[0002] A general form of a multi-light-path optical imaging system is shown in Figure 1 A bundle of incident light enters a first optical system 21 in a vertical direction downward, and enters a detector 24 through an optical assembly 23 after being reflected by a mirror 2; another bundle of incident light enters a second optical system 22 in a horizontal direction, and enters the detector 24 through the optical assembly 23 after being reflected by the mirror 2. The core element of this kind of optical system is a reflection device, which switches between two fixed postures of the mirror 2 to achieve the switching effect between two vertical incident light paths. The advantages of this kind of optical imaging system relative to two independent optical-detection imaging systems include the following two points: first, this kind of imaging system only needs one detector element, and the cost is relatively low; second, the overall structure of this kind of imaging system is compact, and compared with two independent systems, it occupies less space and has smaller overall weight, and has stronger performance. However, the difficulty of this kind of optical imaging system lies in the positioning accuracy, posture accuracy and overall stiffness of the control of the reflection device. Since the two incident lights and the outgoing light are distributed in three mutually perpendicular directions, the difficulty of structural arrangement is greater. The structural principle of a general reflection device is shown in Figure 2 The mirror 2 is arranged at the end of a cantilever rod 25, the angle between the mirror surface and the axis of the cantilever rod is 45°, a driving mechanism 26 is arranged at the front end of the cantilever rod, and the cantilever rod 25 and the mirror 2 are rotated by 90° through the driving mechanism 26 to realize the switching of the vertical incident light path, but the control accuracy and overall stiffness of this kind of cantilever structure are difficult to guarantee. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above problems, and to design a reflection device for switching vertical light paths, which can guarantee the positioning and posture accuracy of the mirror, improve the overall stiffness of the structure, and thus guarantee the performance of the optical system.

[0004] The technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0005] A reflection device for switching vertical light paths, characterized in that it comprises a mirror seat, a mirror, a rotating mechanism and a rotating limiting mechanism.

[0006] The mirror seat is provided with two mutually perpendicular light entering surfaces and one light exiting surface perpendicular to the two light entering surfaces.

[0007] The mirror rotating device is arranged in a mirror seat, the longitudinal axis of the mirror coincides with the body diagonal of a right cube formed according to the two light-in surfaces and the light-out surface of the mirror seat, one end of the mirror is provided with a supporting rotating shaft, and the other end is provided with a fixed rotating shaft; a self-aligning ball bearing is sleeved on the supporting rotating shaft of the mirror, the self-aligning ball bearing is fixed on the mirror seat, and a supporting bearing nut is screwed on the end of the supporting rotating shaft of the mirror to tightly press the self-aligning ball bearing; two angular contact ball bearings are sleeved on the fixed rotating shaft of the mirror, the two angular contact ball bearings are installed in a fixed bearing seat, the fixed bearing seat is fixedly installed on the mirror seat through screws, and a fixed bearing nut is screwed on the fixed rotating shaft of the mirror to tightly press the angular contact ball bearings in the fixed bearing seat;

[0008] The rotating mechanism comprises a half gear, a motor and a driving gear; the half gear comprises a half ring gear, the half ring gear is provided with teeth on the outer ring edge, a sleeve is welded on one side surface of the half ring gear, the sleeve is coaxial with the half ring gear, the sleeve is sleeved on the fixed rotating shaft of the mirror, the sleeve is provided with a screw hole, a positioning screw is arranged in the screw hole to fix the sleeve and the fixed rotating shaft of the mirror, and a gear pressing ring is screwed on the end of the fixed rotating shaft of the mirror to tightly press the sleeve; the motor is fixed on the mirror seat through a motor base, and the driving gear is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating shaft of the motor and engaged with the half gear.

[0009] The limiting mechanism comprises a limiting block, the limiting block is fixed on the mirror seat through screws, one end of the limiting block is located between the two ends of the half ring gear of the half gear, and when the half gear rotates forward or reversely by a certain amplitude, the end of the half ring gear is blocked by the limiting block, and the rotating range of the half gear is limited to 90° through the limiting block.

[0010] The application can respectively reflect two vertical incident lights into imaging components, meets the design requirements of an optical system, and has the following advantages compared with general design forms:

[0011] 1. The space requirement is smaller, and the weight is lighter;

[0012] 2. The fixed form of the mirror is more stable, and the overall rigidity is high;

[0013] 3. The mirror can be debugged as a separate component before the assembly of the whole machine, so as to ensure the assembly quality of the whole machine;

[0014] 4. The attitude of the mirror surface can be finely adjusted through adjustment and correction of structural parts, so as to meet the precision requirements of the optical system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a general form of a multi-light-path optical imaging system;

[0016] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a general reflective device used for vertical light path switching;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the half gear;

[0019] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 AA cross-sectional view;

[0020] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 BB cross-section diagram in;

[0021] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the debugging structure of the reflection device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides a reflecting device for vertical light path switching, comprising a reflecting mirror seat, a reflecting mirror, a rotating mechanism and a rotating limiting mechanism;

[0023] The reflector seat 1 is provided with a first light incident surface and a second light incident surface which are perpendicular to each other, and a light emitting surface which is perpendicular to both light incident surfaces;

[0024] The reflector 2 is rotatably arranged in the reflector seat, and the longitudinal axis of the reflector 2 coincides with the diagonal of the cube formed by the two light incident surfaces and the light exit surface of the reflector seat. A support shaft 3 is provided at one end of the reflector 2, and a fixed shaft 4 is provided at the other end; a self-aligning ball bearing 5 is sleeved on the reflector support shaft 3, and the self-aligning ball bearing 5 is fixed on the reflector seat 1. A support bearing nut 6 is screwed on the end of the reflector support shaft 3 to tighten the self-aligning ball bearing 5; two angular contact ball bearings 7 are sleeved on the reflector fixed shaft 4, and the two angular contact ball bearings 7 are installed in a fixed bearing seat 8, and the fixed bearing seat 8 is fixed to the reflector seat 1 by screws. A fixed bearing nut 9 is screwed on the reflector fixed shaft 4 to tighten the angular contact ball bearing 7 in the fixed bearing seat 8;

[0025] The rotating mechanism includes a half gear 10, a motor 11 and a driving gear 12; the structure of the half gear 10 is as follows Figure 4As shown, it includes a half ring gear 101, the outer ring edge of the half ring gear is provided with gear teeth, a sleeve 102 is welded to one side of the half ring gear, and the sleeve is coaxial with the half ring gear, the sleeve is sleeved on the fixed shaft of the reflector, a screw hole 103 is provided on the sleeve 102, and a positioning screw is inserted through the screw hole to fix the sleeve to the fixed shaft of the reflector, and a gear pressure ring 13 is screwed to the end of the fixed shaft 4 of the reflector to press the sleeve; the motor 11 is fixed to the reflector base 1 through the motor base 14, and the driving gear 12 is fixedly arranged at the end of the shaft of the motor 10, and the driving gear 12 is meshed with the half gear 10;

[0026] The limiting mechanism includes a limiting block 15, which is fixed to the reflector seat 1 by screws. One end of the limiting block 15 is located between the two ends of the semi-annular gear 101 of the half gear 10. When the half gear rotates forward or reverse by a certain amplitude, the end of the semi-annular gear is blocked by the limiting block, and the rotation range of the half gear is limited to 90° by the limiting block.

[0027] In the above structure, the motor is controlled to rotate by the control system, and the motor 11 can drive the half gear 10 to rotate forward and reverse through the driving gear 12, with a rotation range of 90°. At the same time, the half gear 10 drives the reflector 2 to rotate; when the half gear 10 rotates forward to one end and contacts the limit block 15, the limited block 15 blocks it from further rotation. At this time, the angles between the reflector 2 and the first light incident surface and the light output surface are both 45°, realizing vertical refraction of the incident light from the first light incident surface to the light output surface; when the half gear 10 rotates backward to the other end and contacts the limit block 15, the limited block 15 blocks it from further rotation. At this time, the angles between the reflector 2 and the second light incident surface and the light output surface are both 45°, realizing vertical refraction of the incident light from the second light incident surface to the light output surface.

[0028] When the present invention is implemented, a photoelectric switch 16 can also be set on the limit block 15. When the half gear 10 rotates, its end can trigger the photoelectric switch 16. When the half gear 10 rotates to contact the limit block, its end rotates out of the triggering area of ​​the photoelectric switch 16. The photoelectric switch transmits the arrival signal back to the control system, causing the motor to stop rotating, thereby realizing dual control of motor start and stop.

[0029] The installation and debugging method of the above-mentioned reflector device for vertical light path switching is as follows:

[0030] (1) Install and debug the reflector:

[0031] Place the reflector 2 into the reflector seat 1, insert the reflector fixed shaft 4 into the angular contact ball bearing 7 in the fixed bearing seat 8, and screw the fixed bearing nut 9 to tighten the angular contact ball bearing; insert the reflector support shaft 3 into the self-aligning ball bearing 5 and tighten it with the support bearing nut 6; install the fixed bearing seat 8 on the reflector seat with two fixing screws. Do not tighten the two fixing screws completely at first to ensure that the fixed bearing seat can make a certain radial movement in the reflector seat;

[0032] like Figure 7 As shown, install the debugging mirror 17 on the light-emitting plane of the reflector seat and press it tightly with the debugging mirror pressing ring 18; place the autocollimator on an incident light plane, adjust the relative position of the autocollimator and the reflector seat to ensure that the optical axis of the autocollimator is perpendicular to the incident light plane, then rotate the reflector so that the trajectory of the light cross in the field of view of the autocollimator is a 45° oblique line that does not pass through the center of the debugging mirror, adjust the first fixing screw 19 of the fixed bearing seat 8 so that the trajectory of the light cross passes through the center of the debugging mirror; then, place the autocollimator Place the autocollimator on another incident light plane, adjust the relative position of the autocollimator and the reflector seat, ensure that the optical axis of the autocollimator is perpendicular to the incident light plane, rotate the reflector at this time, and the trajectory of the light cross in the field of view of the autocollimator is a 45° oblique line that does not pass through the center of the debugging mirror. Adjust the second fixing screw 20 of the fixed bearing seat to make the trajectory of the light cross pass through the center of the debugging mirror. At this time, fully tighten the two fixing screws 19 and 20 of the fixed bearing seat 8, and check to ensure that the light cross trajectories in both directions still pass through the center of the circle.

[0033] (2) Install and debug the half gear and rotation limit mechanism:

[0034] Install the half gear 10 and the gear pressure ring 13 at the fixed shaft end of the reflector; install the limit block 15 on the reflector seat by screws, and do not tighten the screws first, so that the limit block can make a certain range of translation in the direction parallel to the mounting surface;

[0035] Place the autocollimator in the direction of the first incident light, adjust the relative position of the autocollimator and the reflector seat to ensure that the optical axis of the autocollimator is perpendicular to the plane of the first incident light, rotate the reflector at this time, and the trajectory of the light cross in the field of view of the autocollimator is a 45° ray passing through the origin, adjust the position of the limit block to make the starting point of the ray coincide with the origin; then place the autocollimator in the direction of the second incident light, adjust the relative position of the autocollimator and the reflector seat to ensure that the optical axis of the autocollimator is perpendicular to the plane of the second incident light, rotate the reflector at this time, and the trajectory of the light cross in the field of view of the autocollimator is a 45° ray passing through the origin, correct the contact surface between the limit block 15 and the half gear 10, make the starting point of the ray coincide with the origin, and then completely tighten the fixing screws of the limit block.

[0036] (3) Installation of rotating mechanism: after the above steps, the motor is installed on the mirror seat, the driving gear 12 is installed on the motor shaft end and engaged with the half gear 10, and the debugging process of the reflecting device is completed.

[0037] In the subsequent process of installing the reflecting device into the optical system, only the light entrance surface and the light exit surface of the reflecting device are required to be completely attached to the reserved reference planes in the system, so as to ensure the position and attitude accuracy of the reflecting mirror in the optical system.

Claims

1. A reflective device for vertical optical path switching, characterized in that: It includes a reflector seat, a reflector, a rotating mechanism and a rotating limiting mechanism; The reflector seat (1) is provided with two mutually perpendicular light incident surfaces and a light emitting surface perpendicular to both light incident surfaces; The reflector (2) is rotatably arranged in the reflector seat, and the longitudinal axis of the reflector (2) coincides with the body diagonal of a cube formed by the two light-entering surfaces and the light-emitting surfaces of the reflector seat. One end of the reflector (2) is provided with a supporting shaft (3), and the other end is provided with a fixed shaft (4); a self-aligning ball bearing (5) is sleeved on the reflector supporting shaft (3), and the self-aligning ball bearing (5) is fixed on the reflector seat (1). A supporting bearing nut (6) is screwed to the end of the reflector supporting shaft (3) to tighten the self-aligning ball bearing (5); two angular contact ball bearings (7) are sleeved on the reflector fixed shaft (4), and the two angular contact ball bearings (7) are installed in a fixed bearing seat (8). The fixed bearing seat (8) is fixed to the reflector seat (1) by screws. A fixed bearing nut (9) is screwed to the reflector fixed shaft (4) to tighten the angular contact ball bearing (7) in the fixed bearing seat (8); The rotating mechanism comprises a half gear (10), a motor (11) and a driving gear (12); the half gear (10) comprises a half ring gear (101), the outer ring edge of the half ring gear is provided with gear teeth, a sleeve (102) is welded to one side of the half ring gear (101), and the sleeve (102) is coaxial with the half ring gear (101), the sleeve (102) is sleeved on the reflector fixed rotating shaft (4), a screw hole (103) is provided on the sleeve (102), and a positioning screw is passed through the screw hole (103) to fix the sleeve to the reflector fixed rotating shaft, and a gear pressing ring (13) is screwed to the end of the reflector fixed rotating shaft (4) to press the sleeve (102); the motor (11) is fixed to the reflector seat (1) through the motor seat (14), the driving gear (12) is fixedly arranged on the end of the rotating shaft of the motor, and the driving gear (12) is meshed with the half gear (10); The limiting mechanism comprises a limiting block (15), the limiting block (15) being fixed to the reflector seat (1) by screws, one end of the limiting block (15) being located between the two ends of the semi-annular gear (101) of the half gear (10), and when the half gear rotates forward or reverse by a certain amplitude, the end of the semi-annular gear (101) is blocked by the limiting block (15), and the rotation range of the half gear is limited to 90° by the limiting block (15); The motor (11) is controlled to rotate by a control system. The motor (11) drives the half gear (10) to rotate forward and reverse through the driving gear (12), and the rotation range is 90 degrees. At the same time, the half gear (10) drives the reflector (2) to rotate. When the half gear (10) rotates forward to one end and contacts the limit block (15), the limit block (15) blocks it from rotating further. When the half gear (10) rotates backward to the other end and contacts the limit block (15), the limit block (15) blocks it from rotating further. A photoelectric switch (16) is provided on the limit block (15). When the half gear (10) rotates, its end can trigger the photoelectric switch (16). When the half gear 10 rotates to contact the limit block (15), its end rotates out of the triggering area of ​​the photoelectric switch (16). The photoelectric switch (16) transmits a position signal back to the control system, causing the motor to stop rotating.

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