Energy storage battery thermal runaway cooling method and energy storage battery

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of power batteries, and provides a method for cooling down a thermal runaway energy storage battery and an energy storage battery, comprising the following steps: collecting temperature information T1 of the battery, and judging whether it is greater than a preset temperature T0; if the temperature information T1 is greater than the preset temperature T0, judging the risk of thermal runaway of the battery, and executing a cooling process step; if the temperature information T1 is less than the preset temperature T0, collecting the temperature information T2 of the battery again after an interval sampling time t, and judging whether the temperature difference ΔT1 between the temperature information T2 and the temperature information T1 is greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT0; if the temperature difference ΔT1 is greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT0, judging the risk of thermal runaway of the battery, and executing a cooling process step; if the temperature difference ΔT1 is less than the preset temperature difference ΔT0, judging the risk of thermal runaway of the battery, and executing a cooling process step; if the temperature difference ΔT1 is less than the preset temperature difference ΔT0, judging that the battery has no risk of thermal runaway. The method for cooling down a thermal runaway energy storage battery can detect thermal runaway in the early stage and prevent the energy storage battery from continuing to have thermal runaway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of power batteries, and in particular to a method for cooling a thermal runaway energy storage battery and an energy storage battery. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, large-capacity energy storage batteries, taking power batteries as an example, if thermal runaway occurs, a large amount of gas-liquid mixed gas will be decomposed in a short period of time and ejected through the battery's pressure relief valve. The temperature inside the battery will also rise sharply. Moreover, if the thermal runaway of one power battery is not controlled, other power battery blocks will also experience thermal runaway in a short period of time. The chain reaction will lead to serious consequences such as combustion and damage of all energy storage battery packs.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of thermal runaway of energy storage batteries, the existing technologies mainly adopt the following methods: 1. Detect the temperature of the energy storage battery. When the temperature of the energy storage battery is greater than the threshold, it is determined that the energy storage battery is in thermal runaway, and a corresponding cooling system is used to cool it down. 2. Detect the pressure of the pressure relief valve of the energy storage battery. When the pressure of the pressure relief valve is greater than the set threshold, it is determined that the energy storage battery is in thermal runaway, and a corresponding cooling system is used to cool it down. 3. Detect whether the energy storage battery has high-temperature and odorous gases. When high-temperature and odorous gases are detected, it is determined that the energy storage battery is in thermal runaway, and a corresponding cooling system is used to cool it down.

[0004] However, the above three common detection methods all have a common drawback, that is, when the above three detection methods have a detection response, it means that the energy storage battery has already shown early characteristics of thermal runaway. Although the cooling system can be used for cooling and rescue, the essence of cooling and rescue can only slow down the thermal runaway of the battery and delay the time for the battery pack to burn. It is almost impossible to avoid the consequences of battery pack combustion and damage.

[0005] In view of this, the market is in urgent need of a new method for detecting and cooling thermal runaway of energy storage batteries, which can detect problems before the early signs of thermal runaway appear in the energy storage batteries, and prevent thermal runaway of the energy storage batteries in time. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for cooling a thermal runaway energy storage battery and an energy storage battery, in order to solve the problem that the energy storage battery detection method in the prior art can only detect thermal runaway of the battery in its early stage, cannot detect in advance, and cannot effectively prevent the battery pack from continuing thermal runaway.

[0007] The method for cooling a thermal runaway energy storage battery provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure comprises the following steps:

[0008] The first step - collecting the temperature information T of the energy storage battery 1 , and judge whether it is greater than the preset temperature T 0 ;

[0009] If the temperature information T 1 Greater than the preset temperature T 0 , it is determined that the energy storage battery is in thermal runaway, and a cooling process for the energy storage battery is performed;

[0010] If the temperature information T 1 Less than the preset temperature T 0 , then the temperature information of the energy storage battery is collected again after the interval sampling time t 2 , and determine the temperature information T 2 With temperature information T 1 The temperature difference ΔT 1 Is it greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT? 0 ;

[0011] If the temperature difference ΔT 1 Greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 , it is determined that the energy storage battery is in thermal runaway, and a cooling process for the energy storage battery is performed;

[0012] If the temperature difference ΔT 1 Less than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 , it is determined that the energy storage battery has not experienced thermal runaway.

[0013] In one possible implementation manner, the sampling time duration t is set between 100 ms and 500 ms.

[0014] In one possible implementation manner, the energy storage battery thermal runaway cooling method further includes:

[0015] Waiting step: if it is determined that the energy storage battery does not have thermal runaway, then a waiting period is entered, and after the waiting period, the first step is performed again.

[0016] In one possible implementation, in the waiting step, the waiting period is set between 500 ms and 1000 ms.

[0017] In one embodiment, the cooling step includes:

[0018] The first cooling step is to start the liquid cooling unit and initially determine the power of the liquid cooling unit;

[0019] The second cooling step is to detect the temperature of the energy storage battery and determine whether the temperature information T is obtained. 3 ;

[0020] If the temperature information T cannot be obtained 3 , the power of the liquid cooling unit is increased, and the operation of the liquid cooling unit is terminated after the preset operation time is continued;

[0021] If the temperature information T can be obtained 3, then determine the temperature information T 3 With temperature information T 2 The temperature difference ΔT 2 Is it greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT? 0 ,

[0022] If the temperature difference ΔT 2 Greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 , the power of the liquid cooling unit will be maximized;

[0023] If the temperature difference ΔT 2 Less than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 , the power of the liquid cooling unit will be maintained or increased normally.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the temperature reduction step further includes a third temperature reduction step after the second temperature reduction step;

[0025] The third cooling step is to collect the temperature information T of the energy storage battery again. 4 , and judge whether it is greater than the preset temperature T 0 ;

[0026] If the temperature information T 4 Less than the preset temperature T 0 , then the operation of the liquid cooling unit ends;

[0027] If the temperature information T 4 Greater than the preset temperature T 0 , then restart the cooling process again.

[0028] In one embodiment, the preset temperature T 0 Set to 50℃~65℃.

[0029] In one embodiment, the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 Set to 3°C.

[0030] In addition, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an energy storage battery, which can execute the above-mentioned energy storage battery thermal runaway cooling method, and includes a battery body, a temperature detector, a processor and a cooling system;

[0031] The cooling system includes a liquid cooling plate abutting against the battery body, and a pump for pumping cooling liquid to the liquid cooling plate;

[0032] The temperature detector is used to collect information of the battery body;

[0033] The processor is electrically connected to the temperature detector and the pump respectively, and is used to process the detection information of the temperature detector and adjust the working state of the pump accordingly.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages:

[0035] The energy storage battery thermal runaway cooling method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can timely, effectively and accurately judge whether the energy storage battery has early signs of thermal runaway by first detecting the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery and then detecting the temperature difference change of the energy storage battery through a double insurance detection method. It has the beneficial effect of being able to detect the thermal runaway of the energy storage battery in its early stage and effectively preventing the energy storage battery from continuing to have thermal runaway.

[0036] In addition, the energy storage battery provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can execute the above-mentioned battery thermal runaway cooling method and achieve the same beneficial effects.

[0037] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will become readily understood by reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, in which:

[0039] In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts.

[0040] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for cooling a thermal runaway energy storage battery provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0041] Figure 2 A flow chart showing the cooling process steps in the method for cooling a thermal runaway energy storage battery provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0042] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: S1, first step; S2, second step; S3, third step; S31, first cooling step; S32, second cooling step; S33, second cooling step. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0044] The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for cooling a thermal runaway energy storage battery, which comprises the following steps:

[0046] The first step S1: collecting the temperature information T of the energy storage battery 1 , and judge whether it is greater than the preset temperature T 0 ;

[0047] If the temperature information T 1 Greater than the preset temperature T 0 , it is determined that the energy storage battery is in thermal runaway, and a cooling process step S3 for the energy storage battery is performed;

[0048] If the temperature information T 1 Less than the preset temperature T 0 , then the temperature information of the energy storage battery is collected again after the interval sampling time t 2 , and determine the temperature information T 2 With temperature information T 1 The temperature difference ΔT 1 Is it greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT? 0 ;

[0049] If the temperature difference ΔT 1 Greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 , it is determined that the energy storage battery is in thermal runaway, and the energy storage battery cooling process step S3 is executed;

[0050] If the temperature difference ΔT 1 Less than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 , it is determined that the energy storage battery has not experienced thermal runaway.

[0051] The energy storage battery thermal runaway cooling method can first directly collect the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery, and record the critical maximum temperature of the energy storage battery when it is working safely and normally as the preset temperature T 0 When the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery is detected to be greater than the preset temperature T 0 , that is, it is determined that the energy storage battery has a risk of thermal runaway, and the energy storage battery cooling process step S3 is immediately executed.

[0052] Even if the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery is detected to be lower than the preset temperature T 0 When the temperature information T of the energy storage battery is collected, the temperature information T of the energy storage battery is further collected during the interval sampling time t. 2 , and determine the temperature information T 2 With temperature information T 1 The temperature difference ΔT 1 Is it greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT? 0, if the temperature difference ΔT 1 Greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 , it indicates that the temperature of the energy storage battery rises abnormally fast during use, which may be an early sign of thermal runaway. Therefore, the energy storage battery cooling step S3 is immediately executed to solve the risk of thermal runaway of the energy storage battery.

[0053] Only when the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery is detected to be lower than the preset temperature T 0 , and the temperature difference ΔT 1 Is less than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 Only when the energy storage battery is completely free of early signs of thermal runaway can it be determined that it can be used normally without cooling down.

[0054] Compared with the prior art methods of directly detecting temperature, directly detecting pressure or directly detecting high-temperature and odorous gases of energy storage batteries, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for cooling down a thermal runaway of an energy storage battery, which can timely, effectively and accurately determine whether the energy storage battery has early signs of thermal runaway through a double insurance detection method of first detecting the real-time temperature and then detecting the temperature difference change. This has the beneficial effect of being able to detect thermal runaway of the energy storage battery in its early stages and effectively preventing the energy storage battery from continuing to have thermal runaway.

[0055] In one possible implementation manner, the sampling time duration t is set between 100 ms and 500 ms.

[0056] The sampling time t can be specifically set to 100ms, 200ms, 300ms, 400ms or 500ms, and can be appropriately adjusted and set according to the specific energy storage power of the energy storage battery. When the energy storage power of the energy storage battery is relatively large, the temperature rises relatively quickly during charging and discharging, and the sampling time t can be appropriately set to be shorter; when the energy storage power of the energy storage battery is relatively small, the temperature rises relatively slowly during charging and discharging, and the sampling time t can be appropriately set to be longer.

[0057] In one embodiment, the energy storage battery thermal runaway cooling method further includes a waiting step S2: if it is determined that the energy storage battery does not have thermal runaway, a waiting period is entered, and the first step S1 is executed again after the waiting period.

[0058] The method for cooling down a thermal runaway energy storage battery is also provided with a waiting step S2, and the first step S1 can be executed again after entering a waiting cycle, so that the energy storage battery can be periodically detected during the charging and discharging process of the energy storage battery, so as to ensure that the energy storage battery can be effectively detected when early signs of thermal runaway occur, and timely eliminate the early signs of thermal runaway of the energy storage battery by executing the cooling treatment step S3 on the energy storage battery, so as to avoid the problem of thermal runaway of the energy storage battery.

[0059] In one possible implementation, in the waiting step S2, the waiting period is set to 500ms-1000ms.

[0060] The waiting period can be specifically set to 500ms, 600ms, 700ms, 900ms or 1000ms, and can be appropriately adjusted and set according to the specific energy storage power of the energy storage battery. When the energy storage power of the energy storage battery is relatively large, the temperature rises relatively quickly during charging and discharging, and the waiting period can be appropriately set to be relatively small to increase the periodic detection frequency of the energy storage battery; when the energy storage power of the energy storage battery is relatively small, the temperature rises relatively slowly during charging and discharging, and the waiting period can be appropriately set to be relatively large to reduce the periodic detection frequency of the energy storage battery.

[0061] In one embodiment, the cooling step S3 includes:

[0062] The first cooling step S31: starting the liquid cooling unit and initially setting the power of the liquid cooling unit;

[0063] The second cooling step S32: temperature detection of the energy storage battery, and determining whether the temperature information T is obtained. 3 ;

[0064] If the temperature information T cannot be obtained 3 , the power of the liquid cooling unit is increased, and the operation of the liquid cooling unit is terminated after the preset operation time is continued;

[0065] If the temperature information T can be obtained 3 , then determine the temperature information T 3 With temperature information T 2 The temperature difference ΔT 2 Is it greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT? 0 ,

[0066] If the temperature difference ΔT 2 Greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 , the power of the liquid cooling unit will be maximized;

[0067] If the temperature difference ΔT 2 Less than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 , the power of the liquid cooling unit will be maintained or increased normally.

[0068] Specific, combined Figure 2 In further detail, in the first cooling step S31 of the cooling process step S3, the liquid cooling unit is first started, and the power of the liquid cooling unit is initially determined so that the liquid cooling unit can supply cooling liquid to the energy storage battery at a constant rate; in the second cooling step S32, the temperature of the energy storage battery is detected, and it is determined whether the temperature information T is obtained. 3 , if the temperature information T cannot be obtained 3, indicating that the energy storage battery may have experienced thermal runaway and damaged the temperature detection sensor. At this time, the power of the liquid cooling unit can be directly increased to the maximum, and the liquid cooling unit can be terminated after running continuously for a preset time to prevent subsequent chain reactions caused by thermal runaway of the energy storage battery with maximum cooling efficiency.

[0069] If the temperature information T can be obtained normally 3 , then determine the temperature information T 3 With temperature information T 2 The temperature difference ΔT 2 Is it greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT? 0 ; If the temperature difference ΔT 2 Greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 , it means that the energy storage battery is still heating up too fast and still has early signs of thermal runaway. At this time, the power of the liquid cooling unit can be directly increased to the maximum to eliminate the early signs of thermal runaway of the energy storage battery with the maximum cooling efficiency; if the temperature difference ΔT 2 Less than the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 , it means that the energy storage battery is no longer heating up too fast and the early signs of thermal runaway have been eliminated. At this time, the power of the liquid cooling unit can be directly maintained or increased normally to ensure that the energy storage battery can continue to cool down normally until the real-time temperature is lower than the preset temperature T 0 .

[0070] The cooling process step S3 can execute different response measures according to the temperature detection and change of the energy storage battery after the liquid cooling unit is started, so as to ensure that the liquid cooling unit can effectively prevent the thermal runaway of the energy storage battery from causing subsequent chain reactions or effectively eliminate the early signs of thermal runaway of the energy storage battery.

[0071] In one embodiment, the temperature reduction step further includes a third temperature reduction step S33 after the second temperature reduction step S32;

[0072] The third cooling step S33 is to collect the temperature information T of the energy storage battery again. 4 , and judge whether it is greater than the preset temperature T 0 ;

[0073] If the temperature information T 4 Less than the preset temperature T 0 , then the operation of the liquid cooling unit ends;

[0074] If the temperature information T 4 Greater than the preset temperature T 0 , then restart the cooling process step S3.

[0075] Specific, combined Figure 2In further detail, a third cooling step S33 is set after the second cooling step S32 of the cooling process step S3, so that the temperature information T of the energy storage battery can be collected again. 4 , and judge whether it is greater than the preset temperature T 0 ; If the temperature information T 4 Less than the preset temperature T 0 , it means that the energy storage battery has recovered to below the safe temperature. At this time, the liquid cooling unit can be stopped to save energy. If the temperature information T 4 Greater than the preset temperature T 0 , it means that the energy storage battery has not yet recovered to below the safe temperature. At this time, the cooling process step S3 can be automatically executed to automatically extend the operation time of the liquid cooling unit until the energy storage battery recovers to below the safe temperature.

[0076] In one embodiment, the preset temperature T 0 Set to 65°C.

[0077] Set the preset temperature T 0 It is set to 65°C, that is, the critical maximum temperature of the energy storage battery for safe and normal operation is recorded as 65°C. This setting is neither too high nor too low and is appropriate. It can not only timely and effectively check and determine whether the energy storage battery has early signs of thermal runaway, but also avoid the problem of too high detection sensitivity causing the cooling process step S3 to be frequently executed.

[0078] In one embodiment, the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 Set to 3°C.

[0079] Set the preset temperature difference ΔT 0 It is set to 3°C, that is, the maximum temperature rise critical difference for safe and normal operation of the energy storage battery is recorded as 3°C. This setting is neither too high nor too low and is appropriate. It can not only timely and effectively check and determine whether the energy storage battery has early signs of thermal runaway, but also avoid the problem of too high detection sensitivity causing the cooling process step S3 to be frequently executed.

[0080] In addition, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an energy storage battery, which can execute the above-mentioned energy storage battery thermal runaway cooling method, and includes a battery body, a temperature detector, a processor and a cooling system;

[0081] Among them, the cooling system includes a liquid cooling plate abutting the battery body, and a machine pump for pumping coolant to the liquid cooling plate; the temperature detector is used to collect information of the battery body; the processor is electrically connected to the temperature detector and the machine pump respectively, and is used to process the detection information of the temperature detector and adjust the working state of the machine pump accordingly.

[0082] The energy storage battery can perform the stability detection function in the above-mentioned thermal runaway cooling method for the energy storage battery through the temperature detector, the cooling system can perform the cooling processing function in the thermal runaway cooling method for the energy storage battery, and the processor can perform the determination processing function in the above-mentioned thermal runaway cooling method for the energy storage battery. The energy storage battery can achieve all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned thermal runaway cooling method for the energy storage battery, which will not be further elaborated here.

[0083] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0084] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, which should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for cooling down a thermal runaway energy storage battery, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The first step (S1) - collecting the temperature information T1 of the energy storage battery and determining whether it is greater than the preset temperature T0; If the temperature information T1 is greater than the preset temperature T0, the risk of thermal runaway of the energy storage battery is determined, and a cooling process step (S3) of the energy storage battery is performed; If the temperature information T1 is lower than the preset temperature T0, the temperature information T2 of the energy storage battery is collected again after the interval sampling time t, and it is determined whether the temperature difference ΔT1 between the temperature information T2 and the temperature information T1 is greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT0; If the temperature difference ΔT1 is greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT0, the risk of thermal runaway of the energy storage battery is determined, and a step of cooling the energy storage battery is performed (S3); If the temperature difference ΔT1 is less than the preset temperature difference ΔT0, it is determined that the energy storage battery does not have a thermal runaway risk; The cooling step (S3) comprises: The first cooling step (S31) is to start the liquid cooling unit and initially set the power of the liquid cooling unit; The second cooling step (S32) - detecting the temperature of the energy storage battery and determining whether the temperature information T3 is obtained; If the temperature information T3 cannot be obtained, the power of the liquid cooling unit is increased, and the operation of the liquid cooling unit is terminated after the preset operation time is continued; If the temperature information T3 can be obtained, it is determined whether the temperature difference ΔT2 between the temperature information T3 and the temperature information T2 is greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT0. If the temperature difference ΔT2 is greater than the preset temperature difference ΔT0, the power of the liquid cooling unit is maximized; If the temperature difference ΔT2 is less than the preset temperature difference ΔT0, the power of the liquid cooling unit is maintained or increased normally; The temperature reduction treatment step (S3) further includes a third temperature reduction step (S33) after the second temperature reduction step (S32); The third cooling step (S33) is to collect the temperature information T4 of the energy storage battery again and determine whether it is greater than the preset temperature T0; If the temperature information T4 is less than the preset temperature T0, the operation of the liquid cooling unit is terminated; If the temperature information T4 is greater than the preset temperature T0, the temperature reduction process step (S3) is restarted.

2. The method for cooling down a thermal runaway energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling time length t is set between 100ms and 500ms.

3. The method for cooling down a thermal runaway energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Waiting step (S2) - if it is determined that the energy storage battery does not have thermal runaway, then a waiting period is entered, and after the waiting period, the first step (S1) is executed again.

4. The method for cooling down a thermal runaway energy storage battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the waiting step (S2), the waiting period is set between 500ms and 1000ms.

5. The method for cooling down a thermal runaway energy storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preset temperature T0 is set to 65°C.

6. The method for cooling down a thermal runaway energy storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preset temperature difference ΔT0 is set to 3°C.

7. An energy storage battery capable of executing the energy storage battery thermal runaway cooling method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes a battery body, a temperature detector, a processor and a cooling system; The cooling system includes a liquid cooling plate abutting against the battery body, and a pump for pumping cooling liquid to the liquid cooling plate; The temperature detector is used to collect information of the battery body; The processor is electrically connected to the temperature detector and the pump respectively, and is used to process the detection information of the temperature detector and adjust the working state of the pump accordingly.

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