Method for rapid processing of thin-walled metallic ring-shaped articles

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of quick processing method of metal thin-walled annular product, for machining metal blank into annular product, fixed installation is provided with cutting knife and rotatable support clamp on lathe tool rest, support clamp firmly holds semi-finished product machined, cutting knife is equipped with X-axis moving mechanism between lathe tool rest, X-axis moving mechanism moves cutting knife and carries out overall cutting to metal blank, and the part of metal blank that is in contact with rotary table and semi-finished product machined are completely separated, and the semi-finished product separated continues to be firmly held by support clamp.Support clamp can move with tool rest, and positioning is carried out to semi-finished product machined, support clamp can rotate with workpiece, after cutting off ring body, rotary table and support clamp can be automatically separated, improve the level of automatic processing, improve processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal ring gasket technology, and more particularly to a rapid processing method for thin-walled metal ring products. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese invention patent document CN108581394B discloses a one-time clamping and forming method for thin-walled metal ring-shaped products. First, the inner end face of a metal blank is placed against a rotary table of a lathe and fixed. The inner and outer circumferential surfaces and the outer end face of the metal blank are machined to form a semi-finished product. A fixture is fixedly connected to the rotary table to firmly hold the semi-finished product. The metal blank is then cut as a whole, completely separating the portion of the blank against the rotary table from the semi-finished product and creating a gap. The separated semi-finished product continues to be firmly held by the fixture. The inner end face of the semi-finished product is then machined through the gap. Finally, the fixture is removed, and the completed ring-shaped product is taken out. This invention has a reasonable operating procedure. The workpiece is clamped only once during the entire processing, without needing to be removed midway. This ensures the concentricity of the workpiece, resulting in precise dimensions of the processed ring-shaped product, significantly improving the pass rate, reducing labor time, and noticeably lowering costs. The drawbacks of the aforementioned existing technologies are: low level of automation, requiring the installation and removal of tooling fixtures for each ring being processed, resulting in slow processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art by providing a rapid processing method for thin-walled metal ring products, improving the old process, enabling the rotary table and tooling fixtures to be automatically separated, and improving the level of automated processing.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a rapid processing method for thin-walled metal ring-shaped products, used to machine metal blanks into ring-shaped products, including the following processing steps.

[0005] (a) First, prepare a ring-shaped metal blank, place the inner end face of the metal blank against the rotary table of the lathe, and fix it using a ring-shaped quick-release fixture.

[0006] (b) The inner and outer circumferential surfaces and the outer end face of the metal blank are machined using cutting tools to form a semi-finished product.

[0007] (c) A cutting-off tool and a rotatable support fixture are fixedly mounted on the lathe tool post, and the support fixture securely holds the machined semi-finished product.

[0008] (d) An X-axis moving mechanism is provided between the cutting tool and the lathe tool post. The X-axis moving mechanism moves the cutting tool to cut the metal blank as a whole, so that the part of the metal blank that is against the rotary table and the semi-finished product that has been machined are completely separated. The separated semi-finished product continues to be firmly held by the support fixture.

[0009] (e) The inner end face of the separated semi-finished product is machined, including but not limited to any one of the following three processing methods: using a cutting blade to process and shape it during separation, taking the separated semi-finished product to a grinding machine for processing and shaping, or installing grinding discs on some metal blanks to rotate and grind the semi-finished product into shape.

[0010] (f) Remove part of the metal blank from the quick-assembly fixture for the ring part and take off the finished metal thin-walled ring product.

[0011] To further improve the design, in step (a), the quick-assembly fixture for the annular component is a vacuum adsorption fixture or an expansion sleeve fixture.

[0012] To further refine the process, in step (b), the cutting tool includes an external circular cutter and an internal hole cutter that are fixedly connected together.

[0013] Further improvements are made, in step (b), the support fixture includes a support rod, a bearing and a positioning support ring, the support rod is connected to the lathe tool post, the bearing is fixedly installed on the support rod, and the positioning support ring is fixedly installed on the bearing.

[0014] Further improvements include a groove on the positioning support ring for fixing the workpiece, an elastic pad inside the groove, a clamping mechanism on the inner ring of the positioning support ring, the clamping mechanism including a rotating support and a counterweight jaw, the counterweight jaw rotatably connected to the rotating support, a friction pressure roller rotatably mounted on the counterweight jaw, an angle limiting block at the upper end of the rotating support, and a compression spring fixedly connected between the inner side of the rotating support and the counterweight jaw.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The support fixture can move with the tool holder to position the machined semi-finished product. The support fixture can rotate together with the workpiece. After the ring is cut off, the rotary table and the support fixture can automatically separate, improving the level of automated processing and increasing processing efficiency. 2. When the tool holder and support fixture move to position the semi-finished product, the cutting tool moves synchronously into place, ensuring good positioning accuracy and saving time for tool feeding and changing, further improving cutting efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece state during processing step (a);

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece state during processing step (b);

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece state during processing step (c);

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece state during processing step (d);

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece state during processing step (e);

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece state during processing step (f);

[0022] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram showing the configuration with a rotary motor and an ejector device.

[0023] Figure 8 In order to be in Figure 7 An enlarged structural diagram showing the structure with a clamping mechanism attached.

[0024] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure when the metal ring is removed;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic pad structure;

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Metal blank; 2. Rotary worktable; 3. Ring-shaped quick-release clamp; 4. Cutting tool; 5. Semi-finished product; 6. Cutting cutter; 7. Support clamp; 8. X-axis moving mechanism; 9. Grinding disc; 10. Fixed plate; 11. Annular fixed groove; 12. Sealing ring; 13. Rotary joint; 14. Vacuum device; 15. Support rod; 16. Bearing; 17. Positioning support ring; 18. First electric telescopic rod; 19. Second electric telescopic rod; 20. Annular positioning groove; 21. Positioning shaft; 22. Positioning hole; 23. Gear ring; 24. Gear; 25. Motor; 26. Ejector pin; 27. Pressure ring; 28. Return spring; 29. ​​Rotating support; 30. Counterweight gripper; 31. Friction roller; 32. Angle limit block; 33. Compression spring; 34. Adjusting screw; 35. Elastic pad. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0028] The rapid machining method for thin-walled metal ring-shaped products in this embodiment is used to machine a metal blank 1 into a ring-shaped product, and includes the following machining steps.

[0029] As attached Figure 1As shown, (a) first prepare an annular metal blank 1, place the inner end face of the metal blank 1 against the rotary table 2 of the lathe and fix it with the annular quick-release fixture 3, making the disassembly and assembly of the metal blank 1 faster.

[0030] As attached Figure 2 As shown, (b) the rotary table 2 drives the workpiece to rotate for turning, and the cutting tool 4 is used to machine the inner and outer circumferential surfaces and outer end face of the metal blank 1 to form a semi-finished product 5.

[0031] As attached Figure 3 As shown, (c) a cutting-off tool 6 and a rotatable support fixture 7 are fixedly mounted on the lathe tool post. The support fixture 7 securely holds the machined semi-finished product 5.

[0032] As attached Figure 4 As shown in Figure (d), an X-axis moving mechanism 8 is provided between the cutting-off blade 6 and the lathe tool post. When the workpiece is fixed by the support fixture 7 on the lathe tool post, the cutting-off blade 6 moves synchronously with the lathe tool post, which improves processing efficiency and positioning accuracy. The X-axis moving mechanism 8 moves the cutting-off blade 6 to cut the metal blank 1 as a whole, so that the part of the metal blank 1 that is against the rotary table 2 and the semi-finished product 5 that has been machined are completely separated. The separated semi-finished product 5 continues to be firmly held by the support fixture 7. In the entire processing process, the workpiece only needs to be clamped once and does not need to be removed in the middle. The concentricity of the workpiece can be strictly guaranteed. The dimensions of the processed ring-shaped product are precise, the pass rate is greatly improved, the working time is reduced, and the cost is significantly reduced.

[0033] As attached Figure 5 As shown, (e) the inner end face of the separated semi-finished product 5 is machined, including but not limited to any one of the following three processing methods: using a cutting blade 6 to process and shape it during separation, taking the separated semi-finished product 5 to a grinding machine for processing and shaping, or installing a grinding disc 9 on a part of the metal blank 1 to perform rotary grinding and shaping of the semi-finished product 5.

[0034] As attached Figure 6 As shown: (f) Remove part of the metal blank 1 from the quick-release fixture 3 for the annular part and take off the finished metal thin-walled annular product.

[0035] In step (a), the annular quick-assembly fixture 3 is a vacuum adsorption fixture or an expansion sleeve fixture.

[0036] The vacuum adsorption fixture includes a fixed plate 10 with an annular fixing groove 11. Two sealing rings 12 are provided on the side wall of the annular fixing groove 11. The annular fixing groove is connected to a vacuum pumping device 14 via a rotary joint 13. The annular fixing groove 11 is used to place a metal blank 1. The inner hole and outer surface of the metal blank 1 are sealed together by the two sealing rings 12. The vacuum pumping device 14 can evacuate the sealed annular fixing groove 11, thereby using atmospheric pressure to press and fix the metal blank 1.

[0037] In step (b), the cutting tool 4 includes an external turning tool and an internal turning tool fixedly connected together, used to simultaneously machine the inner and outer circumferential surfaces and the outer end face of the metal blank 1. The lathe tool post adopts an automatic rotary tool post of a CNC lathe. The tool points of the external turning tool and the internal turning tool correspond, and the inner and outer toolpaths are parallel. The cutting tool 4 can simultaneously machine the inner and outer circumferential surface contours, saving tool travel time and improving machining efficiency.

[0038] In step (b), the support fixture 7 includes a support rod 15, a bearing 16, and a positioning support ring 17. The support rod 15 is connected to the lathe tool post, the bearing 16 is fixedly mounted on the support rod 15, and the positioning support ring 17 is fixedly mounted on the bearing 16. The positioning support ring 17 can restrict the degree of freedom of the semi-finished product 5 to prevent it from falling off during cutting. The bearing 16 plays a rotating connection role, which can ensure that the positioning support ring 17 can rotate with the workpiece during processing.

[0039] A first electric telescopic rod 18 is provided between the support rod 15 and the lathe tool post. The first electric telescopic rod 18 can drive the support rod 15 to move axially, which facilitates the leftward movement of the positioning support ring 17 to the semi-finished product 5 for positioning, and after processing, the rightward movement of the positioning support ring 17 and the semi-finished product 5 away from the rotary table, which facilitates the removal of the part.

[0040] In step (d), the X-axis moving mechanism 8 includes a second electric telescopic rod 19 disposed in the X-axis direction. The telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod 19 is fixedly connected to the cutting blade 6. The second electric telescopic rod 19 can drive the cutting blade 6 to perform axial feed, cutting and separating the processed workpiece. The second electric telescopic rod 19 is fixedly connected to the support rod 15. The second electric telescopic rod 19 can move axially following the support rod 15. A set of telescopic rods can also be provided between the second electric telescopic rod 19 and the lathe tool post to improve support performance and avoid tool vibration.

[0041] In step (e), the grinding disc 9 has an annular positioning groove 20 on its inner side, which mates with the outer end face of a portion of the metal blank 1. A positioning shaft 21 is fixedly connected to the center of the grinding disc 9, and the positioning shaft 21 is fixedly connected to the positioning hole 22 provided on the rotary table 2 or the annular quick-release fixture 3. After the portion of the metal blank 1 rotates, it can drive the grinding disc 9 to rotate. When the inner end face of the separated semi-finished product 5 is brought against the grinding disc 9, grinding and polishing can be performed to ensure the workpiece processing dimensions.

[0042] As attached Figure 7 As shown, to improve the cutting effect of the workpiece or to grind the inner end face of the workpiece on the fixture, a gear ring 23 is installed on the positioning support ring 17. The gear ring 23 meshes with a gear 24, and the gear 24 is connected to a motor 25. The motor is fixed relative to the support rod 15. The rotation of the motor drives the positioning support ring 17 to rotate, maintaining the same rotation speed for the two separated parts during cutting, improving the cutting quality and avoiding problems such as vibration and burrs. After cutting, the worker can use sandpaper to grind the rotating semi-finished product 5, which is more convenient.

[0043] In step (f), to improve the efficiency of workpiece removal, a countersunk hole is provided in the groove of the positioning support ring 17, and an ejector pin 26 is slidably installed on the countersunk hole. A pressure ring 27 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the ejector pin, and a return spring 28 is provided between the pressure ring and the positioning support ring 17. After the workpiece is processed, the pressure ring can be pressed to the left, and the pressure ring pushes the ejector pin to eject the workpiece from the groove. Then, the pressure ring returns to its original position to the right under the action of the return spring. The ejector pin can be a magnetic nail or have a magnet fixed to its inner end, which can magnetically attract the semi-finished product 5, making it less likely for the semi-finished product 5 to fall off the groove during separation, thus improving the fixing performance.

[0044] As attached Figure 8 As shown, the positioning support ring 17 is provided with a groove for fixing the workpiece. To avoid collisions caused by low positioning accuracy and to improve the stability of positioning, as shown in the attached figure... Figure 10 As shown, an elastic pad 35 is provided inside the groove, which can ensure a clearance fit between the groove and the workpiece, while also achieving an interference fit through the elastic deformation of the elastic pad 35, preventing the part from loosening or slipping on the groove during machining. The elastic pad 35 is made of elastic rubber, plastic, or a soft metal plating such as copper.

[0045] To improve the reliability of the fixation, a clamping mechanism is provided on the inner ring of the positioning support ring 17. The clamping mechanism includes a rotating support 29 and a counterweight jaw 30, which can be distributed in three sets around the circumference. The counterweight jaw 30 is rotatably connected to the rotating support 29. When the positioning support ring 17 rotates, the counterweight jaw 30 can clamp the workpiece through centrifugal force.

[0046] A friction roller 31 is rotatably mounted on the counterweight gripper 30. The friction roller 31 facilitates the axial insertion of the workpiece and also achieves circumferential clamping and fixing of the workpiece. (See attached image) Figure 9 As shown, the upper end of the rotating support 29 is provided with an angle limiting block 32. The angle limiting block 32 can limit the maximum angle of the counterweight gripper 30 swinging outward, so as to avoid the workpiece not being able to enter the groove due to the excessive angle, and ensure a certain gap when clamping, so as to avoid affecting the effect of centrifugal clamping.

[0047] A compression spring 33 is fixedly connected between the inner side of the rotating support 29 and the counterweight gripper 30. The compression spring can maintain the minimum torque required for the counterweight gripper 30 to swing outward, and maintain the clamping state on the workpiece when the positioning support ring 17 is not rotating. An adjusting screw 34 for adjusting the spring force of the compression spring 33 is also threaded onto the rotating support 29, which can adjust the tightness of the compression spring 33 according to actual needs and facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the compression spring 33.

[0048] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail are possible within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rapid machining method for thin-walled metal ring-shaped products, used to machine a metal blank (1) into a ring-shaped product, characterized in that: The following processing steps are included. (a) First, prepare a ring-shaped metal blank (1), place the inner end face of the metal blank (1) against the rotary table (2) of the lathe and fix it with the ring quick-release fixture (3); (b) Using a cutting tool (4), the inner and outer circumferential surfaces and the outer end face of the metal blank (1) are machined to form a semi-finished product (5). (c) A cutting tool (6) and a rotatable support fixture (7) are fixedly installed on the lathe tool post, and the support fixture (7) firmly holds the above-mentioned machined semi-finished product (5). (d) An X-axis moving mechanism (8) is provided between the cutting blade (6) and the lathe tool post. The X-axis moving mechanism (8) moves the cutting blade (6) to cut the metal blank (1) as a whole, so that the part of the metal blank (1) resting on the rotary table (2) and the semi-finished product (5) that has been machined are completely separated. The separated semi-finished product (5) continues to be firmly clamped by the support fixture (7). The workpiece only needs to be clamped once during the entire processing process and does not need to be removed in the middle. The support fixture (7) includes a support rod (15), a bearing (16) and a positioning support ring (17). The support rod (15) The lathe tool post is connected, and a bearing (16) is fixedly installed on the support rod (15). A positioning support ring (17) is fixedly installed on the bearing (16). A gear ring (23) is installed on the positioning support ring (17). The gear ring (23) meshes with a gear (24). The gear (24) is connected to a motor (25). The motor (25) is fixed relative to the support rod (15). The positioning support ring (17) is driven to rotate by the rotation of the motor (25). During the cutting process, the two separated parts are kept at the same speed. After cutting, the worker uses sandpaper to polish the rotating semi-finished product (5). (e) The inner end face of the separated semi-finished product (5) is machined. A grinding disc (9) is installed on a part of the metal blank (1) to perform rotary grinding and shaping of the semi-finished product (5). The inner side of the grinding disc (9) is provided with an annular positioning groove (20). The annular positioning groove (20) is engaged with the outer end face of the part of the metal blank (1). The center of the grinding disc (9) is fixedly connected to a positioning shaft (21). The positioning shaft (21) is fixedly connected to the positioning hole (22) provided on the rotary worktable (2) or the annular quick-mount fixture (3). After the part of the metal blank (1) rotates, it drives the grinding disc (9) to rotate. When the inner end face of the separated semi-finished product (5) is brought against the grinding disc (9), the grinding and polishing operation is realized. (f) Remove part of the metal blank (1) from the quick-release fixture (3) and take off the finished metal thin-walled ring product.

2. The rapid processing method for thin-walled annular metal products according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (a), the annular quick-assembly fixture (3) is a vacuum adsorption fixture or an expansion sleeve fixture.

3. The rapid processing method for thin-walled annular metal products according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (b), the cutting tool (4) includes an external round cutter and an internal hole cutter fixedly connected together.

4. The rapid processing method for thin-walled annular metal products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning support ring (17) is provided with a groove for fixing the workpiece, and an elastic pad (35) is provided in the groove. The inner ring of the positioning support ring (17) is provided with a clamping mechanism, which includes a rotating support (29) and a counterweight jaw (30). The counterweight jaw (30) is rotatably connected to the rotating support (29), and a friction pressure roller (31) is rotatably installed on the counterweight jaw (30). An angle limiting block (32) is provided at the upper end of the rotating support (29). A compression spring (33) is fixedly connected between the inner side of the rotating support (29) and the counterweight jaw (30).

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