Method and system for regulating the electrodeposition of nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrates

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of heavy metal wastewater resource treatment, and relates to a real-time regulation system for electrodepositing and recovering metal nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate liquid, characterized in that the real-time regulation system comprises an electrochemical analysis unit, a software analysis unit, an intelligent decision unit and a regulation execution unit; the electrochemical analysis unit comprises an online water quality analysis module and an electrochemical analysis module, the electrochemical analysis module is used for measuring a parameter curve of a cathode electrodeposition process, the online water quality analysis module is used for acquiring parameter data of the nickel wastewater concentrate liquid, and the software analysis unit is used for acquiring key electrochemical parameters in real time and analyzing current efficiency, nickel deposition efficiency and a change trend of the electrodepositing of the nickel wastewater concentrate liquid. The current efficiency of the electrodepositing of the nickel wastewater concentrate liquid can be improved, and the operation cost of the electrodepositing of the nickel-containing wastewater concentrate liquid can be reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of heavy metal wastewater resource treatment, and particularly relates to a regulation method and system for electrodepositing and recovering metallic nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, a large amount of nickel-containing heavy metal wastewater is discharged in the production process. The current main treatment method is to concentrate Ni(II) in the wastewater by ion exchange and other technologies to form nickel wastewater concentrate with high Ni(II) concentration. However, due to the presence of a large amount of inorganic impurity ions or organic matter in the wastewater, it is not feasible to directly reuse it to the production process. The current industrial practice is to make the nickel wastewater concentrate into crude salt, but the heavy metal crude salt obtained in this way has low purity and needs to be refined before reuse, resulting in high cost and long process flow of resource treatment.

[0003] To solve this problem, electrodeposition technology has become a potential efficient resource treatment method. Through electrodeposition, Ni(II) can be selectively reduced to elemental metallic nickel, realizing the productized recovery of nickel resources in nickel wastewater concentrate. However, as the electrodeposition time prolongs, the Ni(II) concentration gradually decreases, leading to the transition of the electrodeposition process from steady state to non-steady state, and a series of problems such as intensified cathode hydrogen evolution, generation of nickel hydroxide particles, abnormal deposition layer, etc., greatly reducing the nickel deposition efficiency and current efficiency, and restricting the application of electrodeposition technology in nickel-containing wastewater resourceization.

[0004] Therefore, in order to realize efficient resource treatment of nickel-containing wastewater, the application proposes a regulation system and method for electrodeposition and recovery of metallic nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate. By quickly identifying and regulating the key influencing parameters during the gradual decrease of Ni(II) concentration, the nickel deposition efficiency and current efficiency are improved, and finally the efficient resourceization of nickel-containing heavy metal wastewater is realized. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to at least partially solve one of the problems in the related art. To this end, the first object of the present application is to propose a regulation method for electrodeposition and recovery of metallic nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate, which can improve the current efficiency of nickel wastewater concentrate electrodeposition and reduce the operating cost of nickel-containing wastewater concentrate electrodeposition.

[0006] The second object of the present application is to propose a regulation system for electrodeposition and recovery of metallic nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objects, the first aspect of the present application proposes a regulation method for electrodeposition and recovery of metallic nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S100, collect solution data of the nickel wastewater concentrate under different nickel ion concentration conditions, wherein the solution data includes water quality parameters and key electrochemical parameters of the nickel wastewater concentrate in the electrodeposition process;

[0009] S200, build an optimal constraint condition based on the collected solution data, and build an optimal current efficiency mathematical model according to the optimal constraint condition.

[0010] S300, obtain an optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model.

[0011] S400, perform electrodeposition operation on the nickel wastewater concentrate according to the optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme, and monitor the solution data in real time during the operation.

[0012] S500, if the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, develop a multi-parameter joint regulation scheme based on the current solution data, and obtain the most efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme.

[0013] S600, adjust the current solution data to the optimal state according to the most efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy.

[0014] S700, repeat the above steps until the electrodeposition operation is completed and the metal nickel in the nickel wastewater concentrate is recovered.

[0015] According to the regulation method for electrodeposition and recovery of metal nickel from the nickel-containing wastewater concentrate, the solution data under different nickel ion concentration conditions is collected, the optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme is obtained according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model, the metal nickel can be efficiently recovered, the recovery rate can be improved, and resource waste can be reduced. During the electrodeposition operation, the solution data is monitored in real time, so that the system can quickly respond to changes in the operating environment. If the real-time solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, the system can realize self-adaptive adjustment through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme, ensure the stability and efficiency of the electrodeposition process, accurately control the electrodeposition process parameters through the construction of the optimal current efficiency mathematical model, improve the current efficiency, and thus reduce the energy consumption. In addition, through the development of the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme, more economical operation can be realized, the amount of reagent used can be reduced, the operation cost can be further reduced, and through the cyclic execution of the above steps, the system can continuously iterate and optimize, maintain the optimal state of the electrodeposition process, improve the production stability, reduce the fluctuations and instability in production, and improve the consistency of product quality and yield.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, collecting the solution data of the nickel wastewater concentrate under different nickel ion concentration conditions includes the following steps:

[0017] S101, set different nickel ion concentration experimental conditions, and prepare water quality analysis equipment. The water quality analysis equipment includes a multi-parameter, online water quality analyzer and an electrochemical workstation, wherein the water quality analyzer is used to monitor water quality parameters from the electrodeposition tank, and the electrochemical workstation is connected with the adjacent cathode and anode in the electrodeposition tank.

[0018] S102, under different nickel ion concentration conditions, carry out electrodeposition experiment, in the experiment, real-time monitor and record the solution data of the electrodeposition tank, the solution data includes water quality parameters and key electrochemical parameters of the electrodeposition process of nickel wastewater concentrate, wherein the water quality parameters include liquid flow, pH, temperature, conductivity, Ni - concentration, SO4 2 concentration, Fe 2+ concentration, Cu 2+ concentration, boric acid concentration, etc.; the key electrochemical parameters include the parameter curve of the cathode electrodeposition process, the parameter curve includes current-time curve, cyclic voltammetry curve, cathode polarization curve, Tafel curve, exchange current density, transfer coefficient and velocity constant.

[0019] S103, record and store the collected solution data for subsequent analysis and modeling.

[0020] In some embodiments of the application, the optimal constraint condition is constructed by the collected solution data, and the optimal current efficiency mathematical model is constructed according to the optimal constraint condition, including the following steps:

[0021] S201, pretreat the collected solution data, including data cleaning, denoising and normalization, etc., to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. Determine the key influence variable by using the first calculation formula, and determine the absolute value of the correlation coefficient p greater than 0.5 as the key influence variable, wherein the first calculation formula is:

[0022] ;

[0023] Wherein, x i is the variable input value, y i is the function value corresponding to the variable x i ; is the average value of the input variable, is the corresponding value of the variable input variable.

[0024] S202, according to the characteristics and target of electrodeposition, take the maximum electrodeposition current efficiency as the objective function as the second calculation formula, and determine the optimal constraint condition affecting the electrodeposition process by using the third calculation formula, the fourth calculation formula, the fifth calculation formula and the sixth calculation formula.

[0025] wherein the second calculation formula is:

[0026] ;

[0027] wherein the third calculation formula is:

[0028] ;

[0029] wherein the fourth calculation formula is:

[0030] ;

[0031] wherein the fifth calculation formula is:

[0032] ;

[0033] wherein the sixth calculation formula is:

[0034] ;

[0035] wherein F(X) is the electrodeposition current efficiency, unit is %; m is the mass of electrodeposited nickel, unit is g; I is the current intensity, unit is A; t is the current time, unit is h; k is the electrochemical equivalent, k(Ni) = 1.095 g / (Ah); is the difference between the current condition and the optimal condition; n is the iteration number; is the current optimal condition position vector; is the coefficient vector; is the convergence coefficient; is a random vector, ranging from [0, 1].

[0036] S203, according to the optimal constraint condition, a machine learning model based on experimental data and electrochemical principles is used as the seventh calculation formula to establish the optimal current efficiency mathematical function.

[0037] ;

[0038] wherein j = 1, 2, 3, 4...n; n is the number of variables; x i is the variable input value; w i is the connection weight; a i is the initial variable threshold value.

[0039] S204, the average absolute error E of the eighth calculation formula is used as the model evaluation index to verify the optimal current efficiency mathematical model constructed, and data not used in the model construction is used for testing to ensure the accuracy and generalization ability of the model.

[0040] wherein the eighth calculation formula is:

[0041] ;

[0042] wherein y i is the actual value; f(x i ) is the model predicted value; n is the sample number.

[0043] S205, the determined optimal constraint condition is associated with the constructed optimal current efficiency mathematical model. It is ensured that the constraint condition can be embodied in the mathematical model and can guide the optimization of the electrodeposition process.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, the optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme is obtained according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model:

[0045] S301, input the collected real-time solution data into the established optimal current efficiency mathematical model. These data include water quality parameters and key electrochemical parameters.

[0046] S302, by solving the mathematical model, the optimal electrodeposition process parameters that can achieve the optimal current efficiency under the current real-time conditions are determined. The optimal electrodeposition process parameters include current density, potential, pH of the solution, concentration of additives, etc.

[0047] S303, based on the solving result of the mathematical model, the optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme is formulated, and under the formulated regulation scheme, the solution data in the electrodeposition operation process is monitored in real time to ensure that the actual operation is consistent with the model prediction.

[0048] S304, according to the results of the actual operation, the real-time data is fed back to the model to further optimize the mathematical model and increase its adaptability and accuracy under different conditions.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, if the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, the step of formulating a multi-parameter joint regulation scheme based on the current solution data and obtaining the highest efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme includes:

[0050] In the electrodeposition operation process, real-time solution data is collected. The collected solution data is judged to determine whether it meets the optimal constraint condition set in advance. If it is found that the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, it indicates that there is an abnormal or unstable situation in the electrodeposition operation. Analyze the non-compliance of the solution data to determine the specific reasons for the decrease of the current efficiency or the nickel deposition efficiency. These include water quality changes, electrodeposition liquid composition fluctuations, equipment failures and other factors. Based on the analysis of abnormal reasons, a multi-parameter joint regulation scheme is formulated. The multi-parameter joint regulation scheme includes adjusting multiple parameters at the same time, such as adjusting the liquid flow rate, adjusting the pH, changing the current density, etc., to comprehensively control the electrodeposition process.

[0051] Preferably, multiple multi-parameter joint regulation schemes are formulated, and the most advantageous scheme is selected by comparing the effects of each scheme.

[0052] Further, according to the selected multi-parameter joint regulation scheme, the related parameters in the electrodeposition operation are adjusted to ensure that the system can quickly respond and correct the unstable state.

[0053] Further, in the adjusted electrodeposition operation, the solution data is monitored in real time to verify the effectiveness of the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme. According to the actual operation results, the adjusted parameters and the effects of the scheme are fed back to the system for optimizing the model and further improving the regulation strategy.

[0054] According to the regulation method for recovering metal nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate by electrodeposition according to the embodiment of the present application, by collecting solution data under different nickel ion concentration conditions and obtaining the best electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model, efficient recovery of metal nickel can be achieved, the recovery rate can be improved, and resource waste can be reduced. During the electrodeposition operation, by monitoring the solution data in real time, the system can quickly respond to changes in the operating environment. If the real-time solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, the system can realize self-adaptive adjustment through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme to ensure the stability and efficiency of the electrodeposition process. By constructing the optimal current efficiency mathematical model according to the optimal constraint condition, the system can accurately control the electrodeposition process parameters, improve the current efficiency, and thus reduce the energy consumption. In addition, through the formulation of the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme, more economical operation can be realized, the amount of reagent used can be reduced, the operating cost can be further reduced, and through the cyclic execution of the above steps, the system can continuously iterate and optimize to maintain the best state of the electrodeposition process, improve the production stability, reduce fluctuations and instability in production, and improve the consistency of product quality and yield.

[0055] To achieve the above purpose, the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application proposes a regulation system for recovering metal nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate by electrodeposition, which comprises:

[0056] An electrochemical analysis unit is used to collect solution data of the nickel wastewater concentrate under different nickel ion concentration conditions, wherein the solution data includes water quality parameters and key electrochemical parameters of the electrodeposition process of the nickel wastewater concentrate;

[0057] A software analysis unit is used to construct optimal constraint conditions through the collected solution data, and to construct an optimal current efficiency mathematical model according to the optimal constraint conditions;

[0058] An intelligent decision-making unit is used to obtain the best electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model;

[0059] The intelligent decision unit is further configured to regulate the electro-deposition operation of the nickel wastewater concentrate liquid according to the optimal electro-deposition process parameter regulation scheme, and monitor the solution data in real time during the operation;

[0060] The regulation execution unit is configured to formulate a multi-parameter joint regulation scheme based on the current solution data if the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, and obtain the most efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme.

[0061] The regulation execution unit is further configured to adjust the current solution data to the optimal state according to the most efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy.

[0062] Specifically, the regulation execution unit further includes an acid adding module, an alkali adding module, an additive supplementing module, a liquid inlet flow adjusting module, a temperature adjusting module, and a current potential adjusting module.

[0063] Further, the acid adding module and the alkali adding module include metering devices and self-priming pumps, which are respectively connected to acid and alkali storage barrels, and are configured to quantitatively add acid or alkali to the electro-deposition liquid to adjust the pH value.

[0064] Further, the additive supplementing module includes metering devices and self-priming pumps, which are respectively connected to storage barrels of boric acid, sodium sulfate and other additives, and are configured to quantitatively supplement the additives to the electro-deposition liquid.

[0065] Further, the temperature adjusting module includes a temperature real-time monitoring probe, a heating rod, a PLC control system, and the like, and is configured to quickly adjust the temperature of the electro-deposition liquid.

[0066] Further, the current potential adjusting module is configured to adjust the size of the direct current power supply current or potential of the electro-deposition.

[0067] According to the regulation system for electrodepositing and recovering metal nickel from the nickel-containing wastewater concentrate liquid, the optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme is obtained according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model by collecting solution data under different nickel ion concentration conditions, the efficient recovery of metal nickel can be realized, the recovery rate can be improved, and resource waste can be reduced. During the electrodeposition operation process, the system can quickly respond to the change of the operation environment by monitoring the solution data in real time. If the real-time solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, the system can realize adaptive adjustment through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme, so as to ensure the stability and efficiency of the electrodeposition process. By constructing the optimal current efficiency mathematical model according to the optimal constraint condition, the system can accurately control the electrodeposition process parameters, improve the current efficiency, and thus reduce the energy consumption. In addition, through the development of the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme, more economical operation can be realized, the amount of reagent used can be reduced, the operation cost can be further reduced, and through the cyclic execution of the above steps, the system can continuously iterate and optimize, maintain the optimal state of the electrodeposition process, improve the production stability, reduce the fluctuation and instability in production, and improve the consistency of product quality and yield.

[0068] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following and / or can be learned by practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 A regulation method flow chart for electrodeposition and recovery of metal nickel from a nickel-containing wastewater concentrate liquid is shown.

[0070] Figure 2 A regulation system structure diagram for electrodeposition and recovery of metal nickel from a nickel-containing wastewater concentrate liquid is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, which show by way of example, embodiments in which the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions are denoted by the same reference signs and in which:

[0072] Figure 1 A regulation method flow chart for electrodeposition and recovery of metal nickel from a nickel-containing wastewater concentrate liquid is shown.

[0073] Reference Figure 1 The present application proposes a method for electrodeposition and recovery of metal nickel from a nickel-containing wastewater concentrate liquid, which comprises:

[0074] S100, collect solution data of the nickel wastewater concentrate under different nickel ion concentration conditions, wherein the solution data includes water quality parameters and key electrochemical parameters of the nickel wastewater concentrate in the electrodeposition process.

[0075] S200, build an optimal constraint condition based on the collected solution data, and build an optimal current efficiency mathematical model based on the optimal constraint condition.

[0076] S300, obtain the optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme based on the optimal current efficiency mathematical model.

[0077] S400, electrodeposition operation is performed on the nickel wastewater concentrate based on the optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme, and the solution data is monitored in real time during the operation.

[0078] S500, if the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, a multi-parameter joint regulation scheme is formulated based on the current solution data, and the highest efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy is obtained through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme.

[0079] S600, adjust the current solution data to the optimal state according to the highest efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy.

[0080] S700, repeat the above steps until the electrodeposition operation is completed and the metal nickel in the nickel wastewater concentrate is recovered.

[0081] According to the regulation method for electrodeposition and recovery of metal nickel from the nickel-containing wastewater concentrate, the solution data under different nickel ion concentration conditions is collected, the optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme is obtained based on the optimal current efficiency mathematical model, the metal nickel can be efficiently recovered, the recovery rate can be improved, and resource waste can be reduced. During the electrodeposition operation, the solution data is monitored in real time, so that the system can quickly respond to changes in the operating environment. If the real-time solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, the system can realize self-adaptive adjustment through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme, ensure the stability and efficiency of the electrodeposition process, accurately control the electrodeposition process parameters through the construction of the optimal current efficiency mathematical model, improve the current efficiency, and thus reduce the energy consumption. In addition, through the formulation of the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme, more economical operation can be realized, the amount of reagent used can be reduced, the operation cost can be further reduced, and through the cyclic execution of the above steps, the system can continuously iterate and optimize, maintain the optimal state of the electrodeposition process, improve the production stability, reduce the fluctuations and instability in production, and improve the consistency of product quality and yield.

[0082] Specifically, S100, collecting the solution data of the nickel wastewater concentrate under different nickel ion concentration conditions includes the following steps:

[0083] S101, set different nickel ion concentration experimental conditions, and prepare water quality analysis equipment. The water quality analysis equipment includes a multi-parameter, online water quality analyzer and an electrochemical workstation, wherein the water quality analyzer is used to monitor water quality parameters from the electrodeposition tank, and the electrochemical workstation is connected with the adjacent cathode and anode in the electrodeposition tank.

[0084] S102, under different nickel ion concentration conditions, carry out electrodeposition experiment, in the experiment, real-time monitor and record the solution data of the electrodeposition tank, the solution data includes the water quality parameters and key electrochemical parameters of the electrodeposition process of nickel wastewater concentrate.

[0085] S103, record and store the collected solution data for subsequent analysis and modeling. Specifically, S200, construct the optimal constraint condition by the collected solution data, and construct the optimal current efficiency mathematical model according to the optimal constraint condition, including the following steps:

[0086] S201, S201, pretreat the collected solution data, including data cleaning, denoising and normalization, etc., to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. Determine the key influence variable by using the first calculation formula, and determine the key influence variable when the absolute value of the correlation coefficient p is greater than 0.5.

[0087] S202, determine the optimal constraint condition affecting the electrodeposition process by using the second calculation formula, the third calculation formula, the fourth calculation formula, the fifth calculation formula and the sixth calculation formula. Specifically, the optimal constraint conditions affecting the nickel electrodeposition efficiency Ni(II) concentration (X1), pH (X2), temperature (X3) and current density (X4) are:

[0088] 32 ≤ X1≤ 70 g / L; 2.3 ≤ X2≤ 4.5; 46 ≤ X3≤ 71 o C; 176 ≤ X4≤ 285 A / m 2 ;

[0089] S203, according to the optimal constraint condition, select the node number as 100, the training frequency as 200, and the initial learning rate as 0.01, and establish the optimal current efficiency mathematical model by using the seventh calculation formula.

[0090] S204, use the average absolute error E of the eighth calculation formula as the model evaluation index, and get the average absolute error of the prediction model as 0.5822. The average absolute error is small, and the prediction accuracy is good.

[0091] S205, associate the determined optimal constraint condition with the constructed optimal current efficiency mathematical model. Ensure that the constraint condition can be reflected in the mathematical model, and can guide the optimization of the electrodeposition process.

[0092] Specifically, in the process of nickel wastewater concentrate liquid electrodeposition, the concentration of Ni(II) (X1) gradually decreases, and the pH (X2) also changes. With the goal of minimizing the change in Y value, the values of temperature (X3) and current density (X4) are solved under the optimal constraint conditions and sent to the control execution unit for corresponding adjustment of temperature and current density. When any of the values of Ni(II) concentration (X1), pH (X2), temperature (X3), and current density (X4) exceeds the optimal constraint condition and causes the current efficiency (Y) to decrease by more than 20%, the intelligent decision unit will develop a new adjustment scheme for Ni(II) concentration (X1), pH (X2), temperature (X3), and current density (X4) based on the principle of maximizing current efficiency (Y) and minimizing the adjustment range of X1, X2, X3, and X4, combined with real-time data obtained from the electrochemical analysis platform, and send the control scheme to the control execution unit. The control execution unit adjusts the Ni(II) concentration (X1) and pH (X2) by increasing the concentrate liquid flow or adding nickel hydroxide, adjusts the temperature (X3) by controlling the heating system current or the flow of concentrate liquid at room temperature, and adjusts the current density (X4) by controlling the direct current power supply, so that the nickel wastewater concentrate liquid electrodeposition is kept under the optimal process parameter conditions to improve the current efficiency of the nickel wastewater concentrate liquid electrodeposition.

[0093] Specifically, S300, the optimal electrodeposition process parameter control scheme is obtained according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model:

[0094] S301, input the collected real-time solution data into the established optimal current efficiency mathematical model. These data include water quality parameters and key electrochemical parameters.

[0095] S302, through the solution of the mathematical model, the optimal electrodeposition process parameters that can achieve the optimal current efficiency under the current real-time conditions are determined. The optimal electrodeposition process parameters include current density, potential, pH of the solution, concentration of additives, etc.

[0096] S303, based on the solution results of the mathematical model, the optimal electrodeposition process parameter control scheme is developed, and the solution data in the electrodeposition operation process is monitored in real time under the developed control scheme to ensure that the actual operation is consistent with the model prediction.

[0097] S304, according to the results of the actual operation, the real-time data is fed back to the model to further optimize the mathematical model and increase its adaptability and accuracy under different conditions.

[0098] Further, S400, electrodeposition operation of nickel wastewater concentrate liquid is carried out according to the optimal electrodeposition process parameter control scheme, and solution data is monitored in real time during the operation.

[0099] Specifically, the nickel wastewater concentrate is ion exchange resin regeneration solution, and main water quality parameters are as follows: initial concentration of Ni(II) is 63 g / L, pH value is 2.8, concentrations of Cl - and SO4 2‾ are 43 and 89 g / L respectively, and concentrations of Fe 2+ and Cu 2+ are 13 and 19 mg / L respectively.

[0100] Specifically, the internal dimensions (length x width x height) of the electrodeposition reactor for the electrodeposition operation of the nickel wastewater concentrate are 4020 x 950 x 1100 mm; a titanium plate is used as the cathode, and a titanium plate with a ruthenium-iridium coating is used as the shape-stable anode, the effective size of the titanium plate is 500 x 600 mm, the homopolar center distance is 190 mm, and the electrodeposition reactor is provided with 18 pieces of cathode and 19 pieces of anode;

[0101] Further, the electrodeposition reactor is provided with a titanium tube electric heater with an effective heating area of 0.88 m 2 , which is arranged at the two long edges of the electrodeposition reactor to adjust the temperature of the nickel wastewater concentrate; the outside of the electrodeposition reactor is heat-insulated by using phenolic foam board to reduce heat loss.

[0102] Specifically, S500, if the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, a multi-parameter joint control scheme is formulated based on the current solution data, and the steps of obtaining the highest efficient and easy-to-control strategy through the multi-parameter joint control scheme include:

[0103] During the electrodeposition operation, real-time solution data is collected. The collected solution data is judged to determine whether it meets the optimal constraint condition set in advance. If it is found that the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, it indicates that there is an abnormal or unstable condition in the electrodeposition operation. The non-compliance of the solution data is analyzed to determine the specific reasons for the decrease of current efficiency or nickel deposition efficiency. These reasons include water quality change, electrodeposition liquid composition fluctuation, equipment failure and other factors. Based on the analysis of abnormal reasons, a multi-parameter joint control scheme is formulated. The multi-parameter joint control scheme includes adjusting multiple parameters at the same time, such as adjusting the liquid flow, adjusting the pH value, changing the current density, etc., to comprehensively control the electrodeposition process.

[0104] Preferably, multiple multi-parameter joint control schemes are formulated, and the most advantageous scheme is selected by comparing the effects of each scheme.

[0105] Further, according to the selected multi-parameter joint control scheme, the related parameters in the electrodeposition operation are adjusted to ensure that the system can quickly respond and correct the unstable state.

[0106] Further, in the adjusted electrodeposition operation, real-time monitoring of solution data verifies the effectiveness of the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme. According to the actual operation results, the effects of the adjusted parameters and schemes are fed back to the system for optimization of the model and further improvement of the regulation strategy.

[0107] S600, according to the most efficient and easy regulation strategy, the current solution data is adjusted to the optimal state.

[0108] S700, repeat the above steps until the electrodeposition operation is completed and the metal nickel in the nickel wastewater concentrate is recovered.

[0109] According to the regulation method for electrodeposition and recovery of metal nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate according to the embodiment of the present application, by collecting solution data under different nickel ion concentration conditions and obtaining the best electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model, efficient recovery of metal nickel can be realized, the recovery rate can be improved, and resource waste can be reduced. During the electrodeposition operation, by real-time monitoring of solution data, the system can quickly respond to changes in the operating environment. If the real-time solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, the system can realize self-adaptive adjustment through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme to ensure the stability and efficiency of the electrodeposition process. By constructing the optimal current efficiency mathematical model according to the optimal constraint condition, the system can accurately control the electrodeposition process parameters, improve the current efficiency, and thus reduce the energy consumption. In addition, through the development of the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme, more economical operation can be realized, the amount of reagent used can be reduced, the operating cost can be further reduced, and through the cyclic execution of the above steps, the system can continuously iterate and optimize to maintain the optimal state of the electrodeposition process, improve the production stability, reduce fluctuations and instability in production, and improve the consistency of product quality and yield.

[0110] Figure 2 The structure diagram of a regulation system for electrodeposition and recovery of metal nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate is shown.

[0111] Reference Figure 2 The present application proposes a system for electrodeposition and recovery of metal nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate, which comprises:

[0112] An electrochemical analysis unit is used to collect solution data of nickel wastewater concentrate under different nickel ion concentration conditions, wherein the solution data includes water quality parameters and key electrochemical parameters of the electrodeposition process of the nickel wastewater concentrate;

[0113] A software analysis unit is used to construct optimal constraint conditions through the collected solution data, and to construct an optimal current efficiency mathematical model according to the optimal constraint conditions;

[0114] An intelligent decision-making unit is used to obtain the best electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model;

[0115] The intelligent decision unit is further configured to regulate the electro-deposition operation of the nickel wastewater concentrate liquid according to the optimal electro-deposition process parameter regulation scheme and monitor the solution data in real time during the operation;

[0116] The regulation execution unit is configured to formulate a multi-parameter joint regulation scheme based on the current solution data if the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, and obtain the most efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme.

[0117] The regulation execution unit is further configured to adjust the current solution data to the optimal state according to the most efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy.

[0118] Specifically, the regulation execution unit further comprises an acid adding module, an alkali adding module, an additive supplementing module, a liquid inlet flow adjusting module, a temperature adjusting module, and a current potential adjusting module.

[0119] Further, the acid adding module and the alkali adding module comprise metering devices and self-priming pumps, which are connected with acid and alkali storage barrels respectively, and are configured to quantitatively add acid or alkali to the electro-deposition liquid to adjust the pH value.

[0120] Further, the additive supplementing module comprises metering devices and self-priming pumps, which are connected with storage barrels of additives such as boric acid and sodium sulfate respectively, and are configured to quantitatively supplement the additives to the electro-deposition liquid.

[0121] Further, the temperature adjusting module comprises a temperature real-time monitoring probe, a heating rod, a PLC control system, and the like, and is configured to quickly adjust the temperature of the electro-deposition liquid.

[0122] Further, the current potential adjusting module is configured to adjust the size of the direct current power current or potential of the electro-deposition.

[0123] The regulation system for electro-deposition recovery of metal nickel in the nickel-containing wastewater concentrate liquid of the present application can continuously operate the electro-deposition of the nickel wastewater concentrate liquid for 168 hours, recover 215 kg of nickel plate, and the recovered nickel plate is flat and glossy, with a purity of 99.86% and a current efficiency of 98.6%. Compared with the electro-deposition system without the regulation system, the power consumption is reduced by 22.7%, the dosing amount of additives such as acid, alkali and boric acid is reduced by 43.6%, and the economic benefit is significant.

[0124] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a list of executable instructions for implementing logic functions, which can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute the instructions, or in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatus.

[0125] It should be understood that various aspects of the application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination of them. In the above embodiments, various steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware that is stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any of the following technologies, known in the art, or their combinations can be used: discrete logic circuitry having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGA), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), etc.

[0126] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0127] In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of description and can not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated in the embodiments. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" and the like in the embodiments of the present application can explicitly or implicitly indicate that the embodiments include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of the word "a plurality of" is at least two or two or more, such as two, three, four, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited in the embodiments.

[0128] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically related or limited in the embodiments, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" and "fixing" and the like appearing in the embodiments should be understood broadly, for example, the connection can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral, which can be understood, or mechanical connection, electrical connection, etc. Of course, it can also be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements, or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific implementation situation.

[0129] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, a first feature is "on" or "under" a second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature is "over", "above" and "on top of" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. The first feature is "under", "below" and "underneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally lower than the second feature.

[0130] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary only, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made thereto by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for the controlled electrodeposition of metallic nickel from a nickel-containing wastewater concentrate, characterized in that, Comprising the following steps: S100, collecting solution data of nickel wastewater concentrate under different nickel ion concentration conditions, the solution data comprising water quality parameters and key electrochemical parameters of the nickel wastewater concentrate electrodeposition process; S200, constructing an optimal constraint condition from the collected solution data, and constructing an optimal current efficiency mathematical model according to the optimal constraint condition; S201, preprocessing the collected solution data, including data cleaning, denoising and normalization operations, to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data; Wherein S201 includes: determining key influencing variables using a first calculation formula, and determining the absolute value of the correlation coefficient p as greater than 0.5 as a key influencing variable, wherein the first calculation formula is: ； where x i is an input value of a variable, y i is a corresponding function value of the variable x i ; is an average value of input variables, is a corresponding value of a variable input variable; S202, determining the optimal constraint condition affecting the electrodeposition process according to the characteristics and target of the electrodeposition; wherein S202 includes: taking the maximum electrodeposition current efficiency as the objective function as a second calculation formula according to the characteristics and target of the electrodeposition, and determining the optimal constraint condition affecting the electrodeposition process using a third calculation formula, a fourth calculation formula, a fifth calculation formula and a sixth calculation formula; Wherein, the second calculation formula is: ； Wherein, the third calculation formula is: ； Wherein, the fourth calculation formula is: ； Wherein, the fifth calculation formula is: ； Wherein, the sixth calculation formula is: ； Wherein, F(X) is the current efficiency of electrodeposition, the unit is %; m is the mass of electrodeposited nickel, the unit is g; I is the current intensity, the unit is A; t is the current time, the unit is h; k is the electrochemical equivalent, k(Ni)=1.095 g / (Ah); is the difference between the current condition and the optimal condition; n is the iteration number; is the current optimal condition position vector; is the coefficient vector; is the convergence coefficient; is a random vector, ranging from [0,1] S203, establishing an optimal current efficiency mathematical model using the optimal constraint condition; wherein step S203 includes: establishing an optimal current efficiency mathematical function using a machine learning model based on experimental data and electrochemical principles as a seventh calculation formula according to the optimal constraint condition; ； Wherein, j = 1, 2, 3, 4...n, n is the number of variables; x i is the variable input value; w i is the connection weight; a i is the initial variable threshold value; S204, using the average absolute error E of the eighth calculation formula as a model evaluation index to verify the optimal current efficiency mathematical model constructed, and testing using data not used in model construction to ensure the accuracy and generalization ability of the model; Wherein the eighth calculation formula is: ； where y i is the actual value; f(x i ) is the model predicted value; n is the number of samples; S205, associating the determined optimal constraint condition with the constructed optimal current efficiency mathematical model; ensure that the constraint condition can be reflected in the mathematical model, and can guide the optimization of the electrodeposition process; S300, obtaining the best electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model; S400, operating the nickel wastewater concentrate electrodeposition according to the best electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme, and monitoring the solution data in real time during the operation; S500, if the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint condition, formulating a multi-parameter joint regulation scheme based on the current solution data, and obtaining the most efficient and easy-to-control strategy through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme; S600, adjusting the current solution data to the optimal state according to the most efficient and easy-to-control strategy; S700, repeat the above steps until the electrodeposition operation is completed and the metal nickel in the nickel wastewater concentrate is recovered.

2. The method for regulating the electrodeposition recovery of metallic nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solution data of the nickel wastewater concentrate under different nickel ion concentration conditions includes the following steps: S101, set different nickel ion concentration experimental conditions, and prepare water quality analysis equipment; the water quality analysis equipment includes a multi-parameter, online water quality analyzer and an electrochemical workstation; S102, under different nickel ion concentration conditions, electro-deposition experiment is carried out, in the experiment process, real-time monitoring and recording the solution data of the electro-deposition tank, the solution data includes the water quality parameter and the key electrochemical parameter of the electro-deposition process of the nickel wastewater concentrate, wherein the water quality parameter includes the liquid flow, pH, temperature, conductivity, Ni concentration, Cl - Concentration, SO4 2- Concentration, Fe 2+ Concentration, Cu 2+ Concentration, boric acid concentration; the key electrochemical parameters include the parameter curve of the cathode electro-deposition process, the parameter curve includes the current-time curve, the cyclic voltammetry curve, the cathode polarization curve, the Tafel curve, the exchange current density, the transfer coefficient and the speed constant; S103, record and store the collected solution data.

3. The method for regulating the electrodeposition recovery of metallic nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrates of claim 1, wherein, The optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme is obtained according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model; S301, input the collected real-time solution data into the established optimal current efficiency mathematical model; these data include water quality parameters and key electrochemical parameters; S302, by solving the mathematical model, determine the optimal electrodeposition process parameters that can achieve the optimal current efficiency under the current real-time conditions; the optimal electrodeposition process parameters include current density, potential, solution pH, and additive concentration; S303, based on the solving results of the mathematical model, formulate the optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme, and monitor the solution data in real time during the electrodeposition operation process under the formulated regulation scheme, to ensure that the actual operation is consistent with the model prediction; S304, according to the results of the actual operation, feed the real-time data back to the model to further optimize the mathematical model and increase its adaptability and accuracy under different conditions.

4. The method for regulating the electrodeposition recovery of metallic nickel from nickel-containing wastewater concentrates of claim 1, wherein, The step of obtaining the highest efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme based on the current solution data when the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint conditions comprises: During the electrodeposition operation process, collect real-time solution data; determine whether the collected solution data meets the optimal constraint conditions set in advance; if it is found that the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint conditions, it indicates that there is an abnormal or unstable situation in the electrodeposition operation; analyze the non-compliance of the solution data to determine the specific reasons for the decrease of the current efficiency or the nickel deposition efficiency; wherein the specific reasons include water quality change, electrodeposition liquid composition fluctuation, and equipment failure factors; based on the analysis of the abnormal reasons, formulate a multi-parameter joint regulation scheme.

5. A control system for recovering metallic nickel by electrodeposition from nickel-containing wastewater concentrate, characterized in that, The system is used to execute the regulation method of any one of claims 1 to 4, and the system comprises: An electrochemical analysis unit is used to collect solution data of the nickel wastewater concentrate under different nickel ion concentrations, wherein the solution data includes water quality parameters and key electrochemical parameters of the nickel wastewater concentrate electrodeposition process; A software analysis unit is used to construct optimal constraint conditions through the collected solution data, and construct an optimal current efficiency mathematical model according to the optimal constraint conditions; An intelligent decision-making unit is used to obtain the optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme according to the optimal current efficiency mathematical model; wherein the intelligent decision-making unit is also used to regulate the nickel wastewater concentrate electrodeposition operation according to the optimal electrodeposition process parameter regulation scheme, and monitor the solution data in real time during the operation process; A regulation execution unit is used to formulate a multi-parameter joint regulation scheme based on the current solution data when the solution data does not meet the optimal constraint conditions, and obtain the highest efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy through the multi-parameter joint regulation scheme; wherein the regulation execution unit is also used to adjust the current solution data to the optimal state according to the highest efficient and easy-to-regulate strategy.

6. The system for controlled electrodeposition of nickel from a nickel-containing wastewater concentrate of claim 5, wherein, The regulation execution unit further comprises an acid adding module, an alkali adding module, an additive supplementing module, an inlet flow adjusting module, a temperature adjusting module, and a current potential adjusting module.

7. The system for controlled electrodeposition of nickel from a nickel-containing wastewater concentrate of claim 6, wherein The acid adding module and the alkali adding module comprise metering devices and self-priming pumps, which are connected with acid and alkali storage barrels respectively, and are used to quantitatively add acid or alkali to the electrodeposition liquid to adjust the pH value.

8. The system for controlled electrodeposition of nickel from a nickel-containing wastewater concentrate of claim 6, wherein The additive supplementing module comprises metering devices and self-priming pumps connected with the reserve tanks of boric acid and sodium sulfate additives respectively, and is used for quantitatively supplementing the additives to the electrodeposition liquid.

9. The system for controlled electrodeposition of nickel from a nickel-containing wastewater concentrate of claim 6, wherein The temperature adjusting module comprises a temperature real-time monitoring probe, a heating rod and a PLC control system.

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