A method and system for monitoring and analyzing the movement trajectory of a main shaft of a cone crusher

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of conical crusher main shaft movement track monitoring and analysis method and system, measure the movement track of conical crusher main shaft under different operating conditions, to construct the feature database of conical crusher main shaft movement track, by monitoring real-time conical crusher main shaft movement track, real-time conical crusher main shaft movement track is compared with the feature database of conical crusher main shaft movement track, retrieve the highest similarity of history conical crusher main shaft movement track with real-time conical crusher main shaft movement track, the highest similarity of history conical crusher main shaft movement track corresponding working condition is the operating condition of current conical crusher.The application judges the running condition of conical crusher by monitoring the movement track of conical crusher main shaft, judges the size of the gap of eccentric sleeve of conical crusher, and then obtains the wear condition of eccentric sleeve and other rotating parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cone crusher monitoring technology, specifically to a method and system for monitoring and analyzing the motion trajectory of the main shaft of a cone crusher. Background Technology

[0002] Cone crushers are widely used material crushing equipment in industries such as metallurgy, mining, and aggregate production. They feature a large crushing ratio, high efficiency, low energy consumption, and uniform product particle size, making them suitable for medium and fine crushing of various ores and rocks. The working mechanism of a cone crusher consists of a fixed cone and a moving cone, both lined with wear-resistant plates. The space between the plates forms the crushing chamber. A motor drives large and small circular arc bevel gears via a pulley, causing the moving cone to rotate eccentrically around the center of a spherical bearing. In a vertical plane, when the moving cone approaches the fixed cone, the material is crushed by impact and compression; when the moving cone moves away from the fixed cone, the crushed product is discharged from the discharge port due to its own weight. However, there is a gap between the main shaft and the eccentric sleeve of the cone crusher. During operation, although there is lubrication between the main shaft and the eccentric sleeve, friction still occurs, resulting in a significant amount of heat being carried away by the lubricating oil. When the oil quality deteriorates, or when there is uneven or heavy load, or a momentary lack of oil, the eccentric sleeve may overheat and burn out or even sinter, affecting the normal operation of the main shaft, causing abnormal motion trajectory, abnormal wear or damage to rotating parts, and preventing normal production. This severely impacts production efficiency and increases production costs. However, because the maintenance of rotating parts such as the eccentric sleeve is difficult, it requires disassembling the crusher for maintenance, which is very time-consuming and labor-intensive. Regular maintenance can easily lead to over-maintenance or under-maintenance.

[0003] Severe wear of the eccentric sleeve in a cone crusher is mainly caused by poor lubrication, uneven loading, and heavy loading. The main reasons for this are as follows:

[0004] 1. Poor lubrication or contamination can cause abnormal wear and increase the gap between the eccentric sleeve and the main shaft, thus affecting the movement trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft.

[0005] 2. Poor lubrication or contamination can cause abnormal wear or breakage of the frame bushing, thus affecting the movement trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft.

[0006] 3. When the feed is unbalanced or overloaded, it is easy to cause uneven crushing force. If the crushing force exceeds the design value, the eccentric sleeve and other rotating parts will wear more quickly, affecting the operation of the spindle.

[0007] Maintaining adequate lubrication of lubricated components is fundamental to extending the service life of equipment. However, due to the complex and variable operating conditions at mining sites, it is impossible to guarantee that the lubricating oil is always in ideal condition. Over time, problems such as unstable lubrication pressure, severe lubricating oil contamination, and lubricating oil deterioration and failure often arise. Traditional oil monitoring can only monitor the lubricating oil's condition, not the condition of the lubricated components. Often, by the time an increase in abrasive particles in the lubricating oil is detected, rotating parts such as the eccentric sleeve are already severely worn or even burned out. Uneven loads or heavy loads cause uneven stress on the crusher's main shaft, affecting its operation.

[0008] In existing cone crushers, even if abnormal wear occurs in the eccentric sleeve during operation, it's impossible to effectively diagnose the problem on-site. Only when a large number of wear particles appear in the crusher's lubricating oil can damage to the eccentric sleeve or bearing gears be indirectly diagnosed. This method of assessing eccentric sleeve wear is outdated and leads to economic losses. Judging eccentric sleeve wear in this way is often uncertain, unable to identify which component is worn, and by the time a problem is discovered, the wear is already severe, directly affecting the normal operation of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an intelligent monitoring method for cone crusher eccentric sleeves to monitor abnormal wear or damage to rotating components such as eccentric sleeves. However, during cone crusher operation, because rotating components such as eccentric sleeves are inside the equipment, their wear cannot be directly assessed; therefore, only indirect methods can be used to determine the wear of rotating components. When rotating parts such as the eccentric sleeve of a cone crusher wear, the gap between the main shaft and the eccentric sleeve of the cone crusher will increase. When the gap increases beyond a certain range, it will cause the movement trajectory of the main shaft of the cone crusher to change. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether the eccentric sleeve of the cone crusher has worn by monitoring the movement trajectory of the main shaft of the cone crusher.

[0009] Eddy current sensors can measure the distance between a measured metal conductor and the probe surface in a non-contact, highly linear, and high-resolution manner, both statically and dynamically. It is a non-contact, linearized metrological tool. The eddy current sensor system measures the distance between the sensor and the measured object (target) in a non-contact manner and outputs a voltage signal proportional to the measured distance. The static component of the measurement result is the "gap," i.e., the absolute distance between the target surface and the probe. The dynamic component of the measurement result is the "vibration," i.e., the periodic movement of the target moving closer to or away from the probe. Combining the eddy current sensor system with a measurement module, it can measure the vibration, eccentricity, shaft displacement, and rotational speed of rotating shafts. It is commonly used for continuous measurement or monitoring of high-speed rotating shafts, such as turbines, generators, and compressors, accurately measuring the static and dynamic relative displacement changes between the measured object (which must be a metal conductor) and the probe end face. Its characteristics include high long-term reliability, high sensitivity, strong anti-interference ability, non-contact measurement, fast response speed, and immunity to media such as oil and water. It can analyze the operating status and causes of equipment failures, effectively protecting and performing preventative maintenance on the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the problem that existing cone crushers cannot determine the wear condition of rotating components such as the eccentric sleeve during operation, and cannot detect wear of these components in the early stages of abnormal motion trajectory, leading to further wear and even sintering of the eccentric sleeve, ultimately damaging the crusher, this invention provides a method and system for monitoring and analyzing the motion trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft. By monitoring the motion trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft, the operating status of the cone crusher can be determined, the clearance of the eccentric sleeve can be assessed, and thus the wear condition of rotating components such as the eccentric sleeve can be calculated.

[0011] The technical principle of this invention is as follows: The ideal motion trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft is determined during the design phase of the drawing. This trajectory changes according to the clearance of the eccentric sleeve, thus determining the size of the discharge opening during operation. However, in actual field operation, the actual motion trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft often deviates from the designed trajectory due to wear on the eccentric sleeve. This is because wear causes changes in the clearance between the main shaft and the eccentric sleeve, affecting the main shaft's motion trajectory. When the main shaft of a cone crusher changes its movement trajectory, it is difficult to detect the abnormal operating state of the cone crusher by on-site personnel or cameras because the main shaft and eccentric assembly are located inside the cone crusher. Only by using sensors to monitor the main shaft movement trajectory in real time and drawing the main shaft movement trajectory of the cone crusher based on the monitoring data, and then comparing the main shaft movement trajectory of the cone crusher under normal working conditions with the abnormal main shaft movement trajectory, can the fault be detected. After detecting the abnormal main shaft movement trajectory of the cone crusher, the wear of the eccentric sleeve can be calculated by combining historical data.

[0012] This invention discloses a method for monitoring and analyzing the motion trajectory of a cone crusher main shaft. The method measures the motion trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under different operating conditions to construct a feature database of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory. By monitoring the real-time motion trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft, the method compares the real-time motion trajectory with the feature database and retrieves the historical cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory with the highest similarity to the real-time trajectory. The operating status corresponding to the historical trajectory with the highest similarity is the current operating status of the cone crusher.

[0013] Further optimization involves measuring the main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher under different operating conditions to construct a feature database of the main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher, including:

[0014] Measure and record the movement trajectory of the main shaft of the cone crusher under no-load or uniform load conditions and without wear of the eccentric sleeve;

[0015] Measure and record the movement trajectory of the main shaft of the cone crusher under uneven loading or heavy loading conditions in the crushing chamber, and record the time and corresponding images and videos of the material distribution in the crushing chamber;

[0016] Measure and record the movement trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft when the eccentric sleeve wears, along with the time and corresponding off-center load images and videos.

[0017] Further optimization involves supplementing the real-time cone crusher spindle motion trajectory and corresponding operating status data into the cone crusher spindle motion trajectory feature database during real-time monitoring of the cone crusher, thereby continuously enriching the cone crusher spindle motion trajectory feature database.

[0018] Furthermore, if the difference between the real-time cone crusher main shaft movement trajectory and the normal cone crusher main shaft movement trajectory or the previous moment's cone crusher main shaft movement trajectory exceeds a set threshold, an alarm will be triggered to remind the cone crusher main shaft of abnormal operation. The alarm will also output the cone crusher's permissible parameters and the current permissible photos, and retrieve the most similar case from the cone crusher main shaft movement trajectory feature database to provide a preliminary judgment of the fault and maintenance suggestions.

[0019] Furthermore, the process of determining whether the difference between the real-time cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory and the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory exceeds a set threshold is as follows:

[0020] Input the maximum X-axis displacement difference Δx based on the fluctuation range of the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory. max and the difference between the maximum Y-axis displacement Δy max The calculation method for the difference between the real-time main shaft motion trajectory of a cone crusher and the normal main shaft motion trajectory of a cone crusher is as follows:

[0021] △x=|x-x0|;

[0022] △y=|y-y0|;

[0023] Where x0 is the X-axis displacement of the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, y0 is the Y-axis displacement of the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, x is the real-time X-axis displacement of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, y is the real-time Y-axis displacement of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, Δx is the real-time X-axis displacement difference, and Δy is the real-time Y-axis displacement difference.

[0024] When Δx > Δx max , △y>△y max If any one of these conditions is met, the cone crusher is determined to be in an abnormal operating state.

[0025] Further optimization involves determining the wear rate of the eccentric sleeve based on the changes in the movement trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft, and further calculating the wear degree and remaining service life of the eccentric sleeve.

[0026] Further optimization involves using the main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher under normal operation with no wear on the eccentric sleeve. Then, the main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher under different wear levels on the eccentric sleeve is monitored. The main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher under different wear levels is compared with the main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher under normal operation with no wear on the eccentric sleeve to obtain the major and minor axis values, displacement changes, and angle changes curves under different wear levels. The real-time main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher is compared with the main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher under normal operation with no wear on the eccentric sleeve to obtain the major and minor axis values, displacement changes, and angle values. Finally, the wear level is inferred from the major and minor axis values, displacement changes, and angle changes curves under different wear levels.

[0027] Further optimization involves comparing the real-time cone crusher main shaft movement trajectory with the historical cone crusher main shaft movement trajectory to find the historical cone crusher main shaft movement trajectory with the highest similarity. The corresponding wear amount is then preliminarily judged as the current eccentric sleeve wear amount.

[0028] Further optimization involves inputting the manually verified operating status into the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory feature database when an alarm is triggered, and matching it with the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory to prevent false alarm data from interfering with the accuracy of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory feature database.

[0029] Further optimization involves using a feature extraction algorithm to extract the features of the cone crusher's main shaft motion trajectory. By comparing the feature values ​​of different cone crusher main shaft motion trajectories, the similarity between the different cone crusher main shaft motion trajectories is determined, thereby selecting the historical cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory with the highest similarity.

[0030] This invention also provides a cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory monitoring and analysis system, including an eddy current sensor, a data acquisition device, and an industrial control computer or cloud platform. The eddy current sensor is used to measure the X-axis and Y-axis displacements of the main shaft in the radial plane. The data acquisition device is used to transmit the measured X-axis and Y-axis displacements to the industrial control computer. The industrial control computer or cloud platform has a built-in data analysis module. The data analysis module is used to summarize the X-axis and Y-axis displacements and draw the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, and to determine the operating status of the cone crusher based on the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory.

[0031] Further optimization involves mounting the eddy current sensor probe on a mounting bracket, maintaining a certain distance from the measured reference surface of the main shaft. The cable of the eddy current sensor probe is connected to the preamplifier of the eddy current sensor through the frame on the main shaft, and the cables are then routed to the external terminal box of the cone crusher. The terminal box is connected to a data acquisition device, which transmits real-time data to the industrial control computer.

[0032] The present invention also provides a cone crusher with main shaft motion trajectory monitoring.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it enables remote real-time monitoring of the cone crusher's main shaft movement trajectory, and indirectly judges the wear condition of the eccentric sleeve through this trajectory. This allows for timely determination of whether the cone crusher's main shaft is on a normal movement trajectory, early detection of abnormal shaft movements, and prompting personnel for maintenance. This effectively reduces subsequent damage caused by long-term improper use of equipment, achieving early fault diagnosis and predictive maintenance of the cone crusher. It also solves the problem of the inability to promptly assess the wear condition of the eccentric sleeve due to the time and effort required for disassembly and inspection, leading to frequent eccentric sleeve wear and burnout, causing significant losses to the production line. Furthermore, it effectively reduces unplanned downtime caused by sudden cone crusher malfunctions, lowering the losses incurred by users due to such downtime. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a side view of a cone crusher with main shaft motion trajectory monitoring.

[0035] Figure 2 It is the spindle X-axis displacement curve;

[0036] Figure 3 It is the Y-axis displacement curve of the main spindle;

[0037] Figure 4 It is the motion trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft drawn based on the X-axis displacement curve and the Y-axis displacement curve.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Boom cap, 2-Crossbeam guard plate, 3-Boom bushing, 4-Top nut, 5-Moving cone liner, 6-Fixed cone liner, 7-Main shaft and moving cone, 8-Wear-resistant disc, 9-Lower frame bushing, 10-Eccentric sleeve, 11-Eccentric copper sleeve, 12-Thrust bearing, 13-Piston, 14-Drive bearing seat, 15-Drive shaft, 16-Dust cover, 17-Fixing block, 18-Dust ring, 19-Lower frame, 20-Upper frame, 21-Guard plate, 22-Eddy current sensor probe, 23-Preamplifier. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, the cone crusher with main shaft motion trajectory monitoring provided in this embodiment includes a boom cap 1, a crossbeam guard plate 2, a boom bushing 3, a top nut 4, a moving cone liner 5, a fixed cone liner 6, a main shaft and a moving cone 7, a wear-resistant disc 8, a lower frame bushing 9, an eccentric sleeve 10, an eccentric copper sleeve 11, a thrust bearing 12, a piston 13, a transmission bearing seat 14, a transmission shaft 15, a dust cover 16, a fixing block 17, a dust ring 18, a lower frame 19, an upper frame 20, a guard plate 21, an eddy current sensor probe 22, and a preamplifier 23. The mechanical structure and connection relationship of the cone crusher are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The improvement of this embodiment is that an eddy current sensor is installed on the main shaft. In this embodiment, two eddy current sensor probes 22 are installed on the frame of the cone crusher, aligned with the main shaft. The two eddy current sensor probes 22 are perpendicular to and aligned with the center line of the main shaft, and their measurement directions intersect perpendicularly. They are used to measure the X-axis and Y-axis displacements of the main shaft in the radial plane.

[0041] The gap determination between the eddy current sensor and the target is based on the following principle: When a 1MHz high-frequency current is applied to the eddy current sensor probe 22 via an oscillator, a high-frequency magnetic field is generated at the tip of the eddy current sensor probe 22. The interaction of the high-frequency magnetic flux on the target generates eddy currents, which flow on the target surface. As the eddy currents flow on the target surface, they establish a magnetic field on the side of the target, and the impedance of the eddy current sensor probe 22 also changes. When this change at the oscillator output is detected, the linear circuit adjusts the distance and output voltage to a linear relationship, and then outputs the result. Therefore, to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data, the eddy current sensor probe 22 must be aligned with the exposed spindle portion and maintain a certain distance from the measured reference surface. The measured reference surface must be within the measurement range of the eddy current sensor probe 22, but there is no risk of it being struck by the spindle. Therefore, selecting an eddy current sensor probe 22 with an appropriate measurement range is very important. The selected eddy current sensor probe 22 is installed through a mounting bracket and kept at a certain distance from the reference surface being measured on the main shaft. The cable of the eddy current sensor probe 22 is connected to the preamplifier of the eddy current sensor through the frame on the main shaft, and finally the cable is connected to the external terminal box of the cone crusher. The terminal box is a quick-connect system that can realize local rapid deployment and connection of data acquisition devices. The real-time data is transmitted to the industrial control computer through the data acquisition device.

[0042] Therefore, this embodiment provides a cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory monitoring and analysis system, including an eddy current sensor, a data acquisition device, and an industrial control computer or cloud platform. The eddy current sensor is used to measure the X-axis and Y-axis displacements of the main shaft in the radial plane. The data acquisition device is used to transmit the measured X-axis and Y-axis displacements to the industrial control computer. The industrial control computer or cloud platform has a built-in data analysis module, which is used to summarize the X-axis and Y-axis displacements and plot the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory (e.g., ...). Figures 2-4 As shown in the figure, the data analysis module determines the operating status of the cone crusher based on the movement trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft. In this embodiment, the data analysis module draws the movement trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft using a cone trajectory monitoring algorithm.

[0043] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring and analyzing the motion trajectory of a cone crusher main shaft. The method measures the motion trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under different operating conditions to construct a feature database of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory. By monitoring the real-time motion trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft, the method compares the real-time motion trajectory with the feature database, and retrieves the historical cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory with the highest similarity to the real-time trajectory. The operating condition corresponding to the historical trajectory with the highest similarity is the current operating state of the cone crusher. This method can identify fault characteristics such as excessive iron, overload, and eccentric sleeve wear, allowing for timely troubleshooting, preventing further damage to the cone crusher, ensuring normal and stable operation, extending the service life of the eccentric sleeve, and reducing the maintenance costs of the cone crusher.

[0044] More specifically, measuring the motion trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft under different operating conditions to construct a feature database of the cone crusher's main shaft motion trajectory includes:

[0045] Measure and record the movement trajectory of the main shaft of the cone crusher under no-load or uniform load conditions and without wear of the eccentric sleeve;

[0046] Measure and record the movement trajectory of the main shaft of the cone crusher under uneven loading or heavy loading conditions in the crushing chamber, and record the time and corresponding images and videos of the material distribution in the crushing chamber;

[0047] Measure and record the movement trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft when the eccentric sleeve wears, along with the time and corresponding off-center load images and videos.

[0048] During real-time monitoring of the cone crusher, the real-time cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory and corresponding operating status data are added to the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory feature database. This continuous enrichment of the database enhances the accuracy of data analysis. Through the continuous accumulation and learning of real-time field data, this judgment method will also continuously improve its reliability, serving as a reliable basis for remote equipment health diagnosis.

[0049] Furthermore, if the difference between the real-time cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory and the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory or the previous moment's cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory exceeds a set threshold, an alarm will be triggered to indicate that the cone crusher main shaft is in abnormal operating condition. The alarm will also output the cone crusher's permissible parameters and the current permissible image, and retrieve the most similar case from the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory feature database to provide a preliminary judgment of the fault and maintenance suggestions. The output data also includes the comparison results of various values ​​of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, including major and minor axis values, displacement change values, and angle values.

[0050] The process for determining whether the difference between the real-time main shaft motion trajectory of a cone crusher and the normal main shaft motion trajectory of a cone crusher exceeds a set threshold is as follows:

[0051] Input the maximum X-axis displacement difference Δx based on the fluctuation range of the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory. max and the difference between the maximum Y-axis displacement Δy max The calculation method for the difference between the real-time main shaft motion trajectory of a cone crusher and the normal main shaft motion trajectory of a cone crusher is as follows:

[0052] △x=|x-x0|;

[0053] △y=|y-y0|;

[0054] Where x0 is the X-axis displacement of the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, y0 is the Y-axis displacement of the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, x is the real-time X-axis displacement of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, y is the real-time Y-axis displacement of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, Δx is the real-time X-axis displacement difference, and Δy is the real-time Y-axis displacement difference.

[0055] When Δx > Δx max , △y>△y max If any one of these conditions is met, the cone crusher is determined to be in an abnormal operating state.

[0056] In another embodiment of the present invention, the wear rate of the eccentric sleeve is determined based on the change in the movement trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft, and the wear degree and remaining service life of the eccentric sleeve are further calculated. At the same time, the user is reminded to optimize the lubrication effect or prepare spare parts in time to prevent the abnormal shutdown of the equipment caused by the damage of the eccentric sleeve from causing more losses to the user's production line.

[0057] The movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under normal operation and without eccentric sleeve wear is used. Then, the movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under different wear levels of the eccentric sleeve is monitored. The movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under different wear levels is compared with that under normal operation and without eccentric sleeve wear to obtain the major and minor axis values, displacement changes, and angle changes curves for different wear levels. The real-time cone crusher main shaft movement trajectory is compared with that under normal operation and without eccentric sleeve wear to obtain the major and minor axis values, displacement changes, and angle values. The wear level is then inferred from the curves of these values. Alternatively, the similarity between the real-time cone crusher main shaft movement trajectory and historical cone crusher main shaft movement trajectories is compared. The historical cone crusher main shaft movement trajectory with the highest similarity is found, and the corresponding wear level is preliminarily determined as the current eccentric sleeve wear level.

[0058] It should be further explained that when an alarm is triggered, during manual verification, the manually verified operating status is entered into the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory feature database and matched with the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory to prevent false alarm data from interfering with the accuracy of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory feature database.

[0059] The above embodiments compare the main shaft motion trajectories of cone crushers using the most intuitive and significant features, such as displacement values, major and minor axes, and angle values. Since the main shaft motion trajectory is a time-dependent trajectory, feature extraction algorithms can be used to extract its features. By comparing the feature values ​​of different main shaft motion trajectories, the similarity between them can be determined, and the historical main shaft motion trajectory with the highest similarity can be selected.

[0060] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent process transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring and analyzing the motion trajectory of the main shaft of a cone crusher, characterized in that, Two eddy current sensors arranged perpendicularly to each other monitor the X-axis and Y-axis displacements of the main shaft in the radial plane in real time. Based on the X-axis and Y-axis displacement data, the real-time motion trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft is plotted. The motion trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft is measured and recorded under no-load or uniform load conditions with no wear on the eccentric sleeve. The motion trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft is measured and recorded under uneven load or heavy load conditions in the crushing chamber. The time and corresponding images and videos of the material distribution in the crushing chamber are also recorded to construct a feature database of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory. By monitoring the real-time movement trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft, the real-time movement trajectory of the cone crusher's main shaft is compared with the feature database of the cone crusher's main shaft movement trajectory. The movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under normal operation and without wear of the eccentric sleeve is used. Then, the movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under different wear levels of the eccentric sleeve is monitored. The movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under different wear levels is compared with the movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under normal operation and without wear of the eccentric sleeve to obtain the major and minor axis values, displacement changes, and angle changes curves under different wear levels. The real-time movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft is compared with the movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under normal operation and without wear of the eccentric sleeve to obtain the major and minor axis values, displacement changes, and angle values. Then, the wear level is inferred from the change curves of major and minor axis values, displacement changes, and angle changes under different wear levels. The system retrieves the historical cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory with the highest similarity to the real-time cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory. The working status corresponding to the historical cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory with the highest similarity is the current operating status of the cone crusher.

2. The method for monitoring and analyzing the motion trajectory of the main shaft of a cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the real-time monitoring of the cone crusher, the real-time cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory and corresponding operating status data are added to the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory feature database to continuously enrich the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory feature database.

3. The method for monitoring and analyzing the motion trajectory of the main shaft of a cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the difference between the real-time main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher and the normal main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher or the main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher at the previous moment exceeds the set threshold, an alarm will be triggered to remind that the main shaft of the cone crusher is in abnormal operation. The alarm will also output the allowable parameters of the cone crusher and the current allowable photo, and search the main shaft motion trajectory feature database of the cone crusher to provide the most similar case and give a preliminary judgment of the fault and maintenance suggestions.

4. The method for monitoring and analyzing the motion trajectory of the main shaft of a cone crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process for determining whether the difference between the real-time main shaft motion trajectory of a cone crusher and the normal main shaft motion trajectory of a cone crusher exceeds a set threshold is as follows: Input the maximum X-axis displacement difference Δx based on the fluctuation range of the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory. max and the difference between the maximum Y-axis displacement Δy max The calculation method for the difference between the real-time cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory and the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory is as follows: △x = |x - x0|; △y = |y - y0|; Where x0 is the X-axis displacement of the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, y0 is the Y-axis displacement of the normal cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, x is the real-time X-axis displacement of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, y is the real-time Y-axis displacement of the cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, Δx is the real-time X-axis displacement difference, and Δy is the real-time Y-axis displacement difference. When Δx > Δx max , △y>△y max If any one of these conditions is met, the cone crusher is determined to be in an abnormal operating state.

5. The method for monitoring and analyzing the motion trajectory of the main shaft of a cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wear rate of the eccentric sleeve is determined by the changes in the movement trajectory of the main shaft of the cone crusher, and the wear degree and remaining service life of the eccentric sleeve are further calculated.

6. The method for monitoring and analyzing the motion trajectory of the main shaft of a cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, By comparing the real-time cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory with the historical cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory, the historical cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory with the highest similarity is found, and the corresponding wear amount is initially judged as the current eccentric sleeve wear amount.

7. A system for monitoring and analyzing the motion trajectory of a cone crusher main shaft, characterized in that, The system includes an eddy current sensor, a data acquisition device, and an industrial control computer or cloud platform. The eddy current sensor measures the X-axis and Y-axis displacements of the main shaft in the radial plane. The data acquisition device transmits the measured X-axis and Y-axis displacements to the industrial control computer. The industrial control computer or cloud platform has a built-in data analysis module. The data analysis module summarizes the X-axis and Y-axis displacements and plots the main shaft motion trajectory of the cone crusher. Based on the main shaft motion trajectory, it determines the operating status of the cone crusher. By monitoring the real-time main shaft motion trajectory, the system compares the real-time main shaft motion trajectory with a feature database of cone crusher main shaft motion trajectories. It then retrieves the historical main shaft motion trajectory with the highest similarity to the real-time main shaft motion trajectory. The operating status corresponding to the historical main shaft motion trajectory with the highest similarity is the current operating status of the cone crusher. The movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under normal operation and without wear of the eccentric sleeve is used. Then, the movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under different wear levels of the eccentric sleeve is monitored. The movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under different wear levels is compared with the movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under normal operation and without wear of the eccentric sleeve to obtain the major and minor axis values, displacement changes, and angle changes curves under different wear levels. The real-time movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft is compared with the movement trajectory of the cone crusher main shaft under normal operation and without wear of the eccentric sleeve to obtain the major and minor axis values, displacement changes, and angle values. Then, the wear level is inferred from the change curves of major and minor axis values, displacement changes, and angle changes under different wear levels.

8. The cone crusher main shaft motion trajectory monitoring and analysis system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The eddy current sensor probe is mounted on a mounting bracket and kept at a certain distance from the reference surface being measured on the main shaft. The cable of the eddy current sensor probe is connected to the preamplifier of the eddy current sensor through the frame on the main shaft. The cables are then routed to the external terminal box of the cone crusher. The terminal box is connected to the data acquisition device, which transmits real-time data to the industrial control computer.

Images