An electric motor loader operating system

Abstract

The application relates to an electric loader operation system, which is provided with an advancing / receding gear switch, an additional device oil cylinder extension pressure switch, an additional device oil cylinder retraction pressure switch, a boom lifting pressure switch, a boom lowering pressure switch, a bucket closing pressure switch, a bucket tipping pressure switch, a hydraulic system pressure switch, a speed control switch and corresponding monitoring sensing devices, and corresponding monitoring signals are obtained based on the corresponding monitoring sensing devices; according to a preset control method, the hydraulic pump motor controller, the variable speed pump motor controller, the electric control signal relay and the monitoring sensing device corresponding to the speed control switch receive the preset monitoring signals, and the rotating speed of the hydraulic pump motor, the output pressure of the variable speed pump and the vehicle speed are adjusted, so that the whole machine operation efficiency is improved by reducing the energy consumption of the walking variable speed system and the working hydraulic system under the condition of meeting the electric loader use condition.

Description

An electric loader operating system Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric loader technology, and more particularly to an electric loader operating system. Background Technology

[0002] In the existing technology, the electric loader's travel transmission system, pilot control system, and working hydraulic system respectively adopt a three-pump or four-pump fixed displacement hydraulic system, which is the same as that of a traditional internal combustion loader. For example, in the system, the transmission pump only supplies oil to the transmission system of the power shift gearbox, the pilot pump only supplies oil to the pilot control system, and the working hydraulic system and steering system sometimes adopt a dual-pump confluence system and sometimes a single-pump split system. When the machine is started, the operation of each oil pump motor is controlled only by the power supply switching, and it is impossible to automatically start the oil pump motor and adjust its speed and working pressure according to the overall machine working conditions.

[0003] For example: when the machine starts and travels, the transmission control system only needs to provide the pressure oil required for transmission control to ensure normal gear shifting; when the pilot control system is not working, it does not need to control the pressure oil; when the machine is traveling and turning, very little flow is required; the flow required when the bucket is retracted and the boom is raised are also different in the shovel operation; when the hydraulic system is under high pressure, the flow should be reduced to reduce energy loss.

[0004] Currently, in order to ensure normal operation under various working conditions, the oil pump motors of electric loaders can only start when the machine is turned on, and their speed can only be set to the speed required for maximum flow. This causes the start-up, shutdown, speed, and working pressure of the oil pumps to be out of sync with the actual working conditions of the machine. Consequently, there are a lot of bypass throttling and pressure loss in the hydraulic system, resulting in low system efficiency, high heat generation, high energy loss, and poor endurance.

[0005] In summary, there is an urgent need to provide an electric loader operating system to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an electric loader operating system that solves the technical problem of "how to improve the efficiency of the hydraulic system by reducing the energy waste of the hydraulic system" in existing electric loaders.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0008] This invention provides an electric loader operating system, comprising a travel transmission system, a pilot control system, and a working hydraulic system. In the operating system, a forward / reverse gear switch S1 is installed on the forward and reverse gear operating device of the electric loader; an auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch S2 is installed on the corresponding control pipeline connecting the auxiliary device's cylinder extension pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve; an auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch S3 is installed on the corresponding control pipeline connecting the auxiliary device's cylinder retraction pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve; and a boom lifting pilot valve connects the boom to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve. A boom lifting pressure switch S4 is installed on the corresponding control pipeline; a boom lowering pressure switch S5 is installed on the corresponding control pipeline from the boom cylinder lowering pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve; a bucket retraction pressure switch S6 is installed on the corresponding control pipeline from the bucket cylinder retraction pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve; a bucket tipping pressure switch S7 is installed on the corresponding control pipeline from the bucket cylinder tipping pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve; a hydraulic system pressure switch S8 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve and the priority valve; and a speed control switch S9 is electrically connected to the speed control solenoid valve.

[0009] The aforementioned switches S1 to S9 are each equipped with a corresponding monitoring sensor, and the corresponding monitoring signal is obtained based on the corresponding monitoring sensor.

[0010] According to the preset control method, the hydraulic pump motor controller, the variable speed pump motor controller, the electrical control signal relay, and the monitoring and sensing device corresponding to the variable speed control switch S9 adjust the speed of the hydraulic pump motor and the output pressure of the variable speed pump by receiving preset monitoring signals.

[0011] Optionally, a monitoring sensor corresponding to the forward / reverse switch S1 is used to monitor the corresponding function option;

[0012] The monitoring and sensing devices corresponding to the auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch S2, auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch S3, boom lifting pressure switch S4, boom lowering pressure switch S5, bucket retraction pressure switch S6, and bucket tipping pressure switch S7 are used to monitor the opening / closing of the pilot control pressure switch based on the preset value of the pilot control pressure switch.

[0013] The monitoring and sensing device corresponding to the hydraulic system pressure switch S8 is used to monitor the opening / closing of the hydraulic system pressure switch based on the preset value of the hydraulic system pressure switch.

[0014] The monitoring sensor corresponding to the speed control switch S9 is used to monitor the corresponding function options.

[0015] Optionally, the hydraulic pump motor controller controls the start / stop and operating speed of the hydraulic pump motor by receiving monitoring signals corresponding to eight switches S1 to S8.

[0016] The variable speed pump motor controller controls the start / stop of the variable speed pump motor by receiving monitoring signals corresponding to the seven switches S1 to S7.

[0017] The electronic control signal relay receives monitoring signals corresponding to six switches S2 to S7 and controls the back pressure control solenoid valve to start / stop, thereby adjusting the output pressure of the variable speed pump.

[0018] The monitoring and sensing device corresponding to the transmission control switch S9 controls the transmission control solenoid valve to start / stop based on the monitoring signal corresponding to the switch S9, so as to switch the power shift transmission between high and low speeds.

[0019] Optionally, if the trigger switch S1 is not detected, the hydraulic pump motor controller will not drive the hydraulic pump motor to work, and the variable speed pump motor controller will not drive the variable speed pump motor to work.

[0020] When the trigger switch S1 is detected, the hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to start and operate at speed n1, while the variable speed pump motor controller drives the variable speed pump motor to start and operate at a preset speed nb.

[0021] Optionally, when the triggered switch S1 is detected, the triggered switch S2 or switch S3 is also detected. Then the hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to change from speed n1 to speed n2. At the same time, the electrical control signal relay drives the back pressure control solenoid valve to work, causing the output pressure of the variable speed pump to increase from P1 to P3 (P1+P2).

[0022] When the triggered switch S1 is detected, the triggered switch S6 or switch S7 is also detected. The hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to change from speed n1 to speed n3. At the same time, the electrical control signal relay drives the back pressure control solenoid valve to work, causing the output pressure of the variable speed pump to increase from P1 to P3 (P1+P2).

[0023] When the triggered switch S1 is detected, the triggered switch S5 is also detected. The hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to change from speed n1 to speed n4. At the same time, the electrical control signal relay drives the back pressure control solenoid valve to work, causing the output pressure of the variable speed pump to increase from P1 to P3 (P1+P2).

[0024] Optionally, when the triggered switch S1 is detected, the triggered switch S4 is also detected. The hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to change from speed n1 to speed n5. At the same time, the electrical control signal relay drives the back pressure control solenoid valve to work, causing the output pressure of the variable speed pump to increase from P1 to P3 (P1+P2).

[0025] When the triggered switch S1 is detected, the triggered switch S8 is also detected. Then the hydraulic pump motor controller will drive the hydraulic pump motor to run at a speed n6.

[0026] When the triggered switch S1 is detected, the triggered switch S9 is also detected, and the transmission control solenoid valve is activated, causing the power shift transmission to switch from a low gear to a high gear.

[0027] Optionally, the operating speed n1 of the hydraulic pump motor is in the first interval [A, B); operating speeds n2, n3, n4, and n6 are in the second interval [B, C); and operating speed n5 is in the third interval [C, D]; where A <B<C<D;

[0028] Among them, the first to third intervals are preset operating speed ranges for hydraulic pump motors; n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, and n6 are preset operating speeds for the corresponding operating speed ranges.

[0029] Optionally, when the hydraulic pump motor controller receives multiple monitoring signals simultaneously, the hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to operate at the highest priority operating speed.

[0030] Among them, the highest priority is n6, and then the order from high to low is: n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, which are the highest running speeds in the running speed range.

[0031] Optionally, P1 is the shift working pressure of the power shift transmission, P2 is the set pressure of the back pressure valve, and P3 is the pilot working pressure of the pilot control system; where P3 = P1 + P2.

[0032] Furthermore, the opening pressures of switches S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, and S7 are all less than the minimum starting control pressure when the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve is switching; the opening pressure of switch S8 is not greater than the opening pressure P of the hydraulic system relief valve.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0034] In this application, for the travel transmission system, pilot control system, and working hydraulic system of the electric loader operating system, corresponding forward / reverse switch S1, auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch S2, auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch S3, boom lifting pressure switch S4, boom lowering pressure switch S5, bucket retraction pressure switch S6, bucket tipping pressure switch S7, hydraulic system pressure switch S8, speed control switch S9, and corresponding monitoring and sensing devices are set up, and corresponding monitoring signals are obtained based on the corresponding monitoring and sensing devices. According to the preset control method, the hydraulic pump motor controller, speed pump motor controller, electrical control signal relay, and the monitoring and sensing device corresponding to the speed control switch S9 adjust the speed of the hydraulic pump motor, the output pressure of the speed pump, and the vehicle speed by receiving the preset monitoring signals, so as to achieve the following: while meeting the operating conditions of the electric loader, the energy consumption of the travel transmission system and the working hydraulic system is reduced, thereby improving the overall operating efficiency and extending the overall range of the machine.

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric loader operating system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] The components included in Figure 1 above are specifically:

[0037] 1-Hydraulic pump, 2-Hydraulic pump motor, 3-Hydraulic pump motor controller, 4-Electrical control signal isolation module D1, 5-Electrical control signal isolation module D2, 6-Electrical control signal isolation module D3, 7-Forward / reverse switch S1, 8-Auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch S2, 9-Auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch S3, 10-Boom lifting pressure switch S4, 11-Boom lowering pressure switch S5, 12-Bucket retraction pressure switch S6, 13-Bucket tipping pressure switch S7, 14-Hydraulic system pressure switch S8, 15-Multi-way pilot valve, 16-Auxiliary device cylinder 17-Boom cylinder, 18-Bucket cylinder, 19-Hydraulic multi-way distribution valve, 20-Steering cylinder, 21-Load-sensing steering gear, 22-Priority valve, 23-Return oil filter, 24-Hydraulic oil tank, 25-Transmission pump motor controller, 26-Transmission pump motor, 27-Transmission pump, 28-Transmission system oil filter, 29-Back pressure valve, 30-Back pressure control solenoid valve, 31-Back pressure valve assembly, 32-Electrical control signal relay, 33-Transmission pressure relief valve, 34-Transmission control solenoid valve, 35-Transmission control switch S9, 36-Transmission valve assembly, 37-Power shift gearbox. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] This embodiment proposes an electric loader operating system, which includes a travel transmission system, a pilot control system, and a working hydraulic system.

[0042] In this embodiment, the connection structure of the electric loader's travel transmission system and working hydraulic system is described in detail below through 1) to 5);

[0043] 1) As shown in Figure 1, in the travel transmission system and working hydraulic system, the steering cylinder 20 is connected to the hydraulic pump 1 through the load-sensing steering gear 21 and the priority valve 22; as shown in Figure 1, the auxiliary device cylinder 16, the boom cylinder 17 and the bucket cylinder 18 are connected to the hydraulic pump 1 through the hydraulic control multi-way distribution valve 19 and the priority valve 22 respectively; a hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the hydraulic control multi-way distribution valve 19 and the priority valve 22; as shown in Figure 1, each control oil circuit on the multi-way pilot valve 15 is connected to the corresponding control oil port on the hydraulic control multi-way distribution valve 19; as shown in Figure 1, the hydraulic system return oil pipeline is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 24 through the return oil filter 23; as shown in Figure 1, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 is electrically connected to the hydraulic pump motor 2, and the hydraulic pump motor 2 is connected to the hydraulic pump 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, it should be noted that: the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve 19 includes an auxiliary device distribution valve, a boom distribution valve, and a bucket distribution valve; the multi-way pilot valve 15 includes an auxiliary device cylinder extension pilot valve, an auxiliary device cylinder retraction pilot valve, a boom cylinder lifting pilot valve, a boom cylinder lowering pilot valve, a bucket cylinder bucket retraction pilot valve, and a bucket cylinder tipping pilot valve.

[0045] 2) As shown in Figure 1, the connection structure is as follows: the transmission valve assembly 36 is connected to the power shift transmission 37 and is connected to the back pressure valve assembly 31 via a pipeline; as shown in Figure 1, the back pressure valve assembly 31 is connected to the transmission pump 27 via the transmission system oil filter 28 and is also connected to the multi-way pilot valve 15 via a pipeline; as shown in Figure 1, the return oil from the multi-way pilot valve 15 is connected to the oil pan of the power shift transmission 37 via a pipeline; as shown in Figure 1, the electronic control signal relay 32 is electrically connected to the back pressure control solenoid valve 30; as shown in Figure 1, the transmission control switch (S9) 35 is electrically connected to the transmission control solenoid valve 34; as shown in Figure 1, the transmission pump motor controller 25 is electrically connected to the transmission pump motor 26, and the transmission pump motor 26 is connected to the transmission pump 27.

[0046] 3) The connection structure is shown in Figure 1. In the multi-way pilot valve 15, the auxiliary device cylinder extension pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve 19 is connected to the corresponding control pipeline with an auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2) 8; the auxiliary device cylinder retraction pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve 19 is connected to the corresponding control pipeline with an auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3) 9; the boom cylinder lifting pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve 19 is connected to the corresponding control pipeline with a boom. A boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10 is installed on the boom; a boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11 is installed on the corresponding control line from the boom cylinder lowering pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve 19; a bucket retraction pressure switch (S6) 12 is installed on the corresponding control line from the bucket cylinder retraction pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve 19; and a bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13 is installed on the corresponding control line from the bucket cylinder tipping pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve 19.

[0047] 4) As shown in Figure 1, the electrical control signal output by the auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2) 8 and the electrical control signal output by the auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3) 9 are combined and connected to k2 of the hydraulic pump motor controller 3; as shown in Figure 1, the electrical control signal output by the bucket retraction pressure switch (S6) 12 and the electrical control signal output by the bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13 are combined and connected to k3 of the hydraulic pump motor controller 3; as shown in Figure 1, the electrical control signal output by the boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11 is connected to k4 of the hydraulic pump motor controller 3; as shown in Figure 1, the electrical control signal output by the boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10 is connected to k5 of the hydraulic pump motor controller 3; as shown in Figure 1, the electrical control signal output by the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14 is connected to k6 of the hydraulic pump motor controller 3.

[0048] 5) The connection structure is shown in Figure 1. The four electrical control signals k2, k3, k4, and k5 connected to the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 are connected to k7 of the electrical control signal relay 32 through the electrical control signal isolation module (D1)4. At the same time, they are connected to k1 of the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 and k1 of the variable speed pump motor controller 25 through the electrical control signal isolation module (D3)6. The forward and reverse gear operation device of the electric loader is equipped with a forward / reverse gear switch (S1)7. As shown in Figure 1, the two electrical control signals on the forward / reverse gear switch (S1)7 are combined through the electrical control signal isolation module (D2)5 and the output electrical control signals are respectively connected to k1 of the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 and k1 of the variable speed pump motor controller 25.

[0049] In this embodiment, it should be noted that, as shown in Figure 1, the nine switches—forward / reverse gear switch (S1) 7, boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10, boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11, bucket retraction pressure switch (S6) 12, bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13, auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2) 8, auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3) 9, hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14, and speed control switch (S9) 35—are each equipped with a corresponding monitoring sensor to achieve the following: obtaining the corresponding monitoring signal based on the corresponding monitoring sensor.

[0050] Furthermore, according to a preset control method, the hydraulic pump motor controller, the variable speed pump motor controller, the electrical control signal relay, and the monitoring sensor corresponding to the variable speed control switch S9 adjust the speed of the hydraulic pump motor and the output pressure of the variable speed pump by receiving preset monitoring signals.

[0051] The setup of the aforementioned monitoring and sensing device will be explained in detail through points one through five below:

[0052] First, the monitoring sensor corresponding to the forward / reverse switch (S1) 7 is used to monitor the corresponding function option;

[0053] Regarding the first point mentioned above, it should be noted that this application does not specifically limit the model of the monitoring sensor; the monitoring sensor corresponding to the forward / reverse switch (S1)7 is used to monitor the activation / deactivation of the forward function of the electric loader and the activation / deactivation of the reverse function of the electric loader.

[0054] Secondly, there are six corresponding monitoring sensors for the auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2) 8, auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3) 9, boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10, boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11, bucket retraction pressure switch (S6) 12, and bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13, which are used to monitor the opening / closing of their respective pressure switches based on their preset values.

[0055] Regarding the second point mentioned above, it should be noted that this application does not specifically limit the model of the monitoring and sensing device; when the actual value of the pilot control pressure rises to the preset value, its pressure switch switches from open to closed.

[0056] Regarding the second point mentioned above, it should also be noted that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10 is used to monitor the activation / deactivation of the boom lifting function; the monitoring sensor corresponding to the boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11 is used to monitor the activation / deactivation of the boom lowering function; the monitoring sensor corresponding to the bucket retraction pressure switch (S6) 12 is used to monitor the activation / deactivation of the bucket retraction function; the monitoring sensor corresponding to the bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13 is used to monitor the activation / deactivation of the bucket tipping function; the monitoring sensor corresponding to the auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2) 8 is used to monitor the activation / deactivation of the auxiliary device cylinder extension function; and the monitoring sensor corresponding to the auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3) 9 is used to monitor the activation / deactivation of the auxiliary device cylinder retraction function.

[0057] Thirdly, the monitoring and sensing device corresponding to the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14 is used to monitor the opening / closing of the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14 based on the preset value of the hydraulic system pressure switch.

[0058] Regarding the third point mentioned above, it should be noted that this application does not specifically limit the model of the monitoring sensor; when the actual value of the hydraulic system pressure rises to the preset value, the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14 switches from open to closed; the monitoring sensor corresponding to the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14 is used to monitor the opening and closing switching of the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14.

[0059] Fourthly, the electronic control signal relay 32, based on the received monitoring signal, starts the back pressure control solenoid valve 30 to adjust the output pressure of the variable speed pump 27;

[0060] Regarding the fourth point mentioned above, it should be noted that the electronic control signal relay 32 is a high-voltage control signal conversion relay, and this application does not specify its model. The electronic control signal relay 32 monitors six corresponding open / close signals: auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2) 8, auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3) 9, boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10, boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11, bucket retraction pressure switch (S6) 12, and bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13. When the electronic control signal relay 32 does not receive a control signal, the back pressure control solenoid valve 30 does not work, and the two ends of the back pressure valve 29 are in a short-circuit state. At this time, the output pressure of the transmission pump 27 is P3=P1. When the electronic control signal relay 32 receives the control signal k7, it starts the back pressure control solenoid valve 30, disconnects the oil circuit, and connects the back pressure valve 29 to the system. At this time, the output pressure of the transmission pump 27 is P3=P1+P2.

[0061] Fifthly, the monitoring and sensing device corresponding to the transmission control switch (S9) 35 is used for the high / low gear switching function of the power shift transmission 37.

[0062] Regarding the fifth point mentioned above, it should be noted that this application does not specifically limit the control method and model of the transmission control switch (S9) 35 monitoring sensor; when the transmission control switch (S9) 35 is off, the power shift transmission 37 is in low gear mode, and when the transmission control switch (S9) 35 is on, the power shift transmission 37 is in high gear mode.

[0063] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the variable speed pump motor controller 25 is electrically connected to the variable speed pump motor 26 and the aforementioned monitoring and sensing device, and the variable speed pump motor 26 is connected to the variable speed pump 27. Based on the aforementioned structure, it is possible to: according to the preset control method, the variable speed pump motor controller 25, together with the electronic control signal relay 32, controls the variable speed pump motor 26 to start / stop and adjusts the output pressure of the variable speed pump 27 based on the reception of the monitoring signal, thereby adjusting the input power of the variable speed pump 27.

[0064] It should be noted that the monitoring signals are transmitted from each monitoring sensor to the variable speed pump motor controller 25 and the electrical control signal relay 32. The aforementioned monitoring signals are: the function option output signal corresponding to the forward / reverse gear switch (S1) 7; and six corresponding open / close signals for the auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2) 8, the auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3) 9, the boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10, the boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11, the bucket retraction pressure switch (S6) 12, and the bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13.

[0065] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 is electrically connected to the hydraulic pump motor 2 and the aforementioned monitoring and sensing device, and the hydraulic pump motor 2 is connected to the hydraulic pump 1; based on the aforementioned structure, it is possible to realize that, according to the preset control method, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 controls the start / stop and operating speed of the hydraulic pump motor 2 based on the received monitoring signal.

[0066] It should be noted that the monitoring signals are transmitted from each monitoring sensor to the hydraulic pump motor controller 3. The aforementioned monitoring signals are: the function option output signal corresponding to the forward / reverse gear switch (S1) 7; and seven corresponding open / close signals for the auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2) 8, the auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3) 9, the boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10, the boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11, the bucket retraction pressure switch (S6) 12, the bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13, and the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14.

[0067] In this embodiment, regarding the aforementioned "hydraulic pump motor controller 3 controls the start / stop and operating speed of hydraulic pump motor 2 based on the received monitoring signal," it should be noted that:

[0068] The corresponding monitoring sensors perform real-time monitoring of the forward / reverse gear switch (S1) 7, the auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2) 8, the auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3) 9, the boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10, the boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11, the bucket retraction pressure switch (S6) 12, the bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13, and the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14; the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 acquires the monitoring signals from each monitoring sensor in real time;

[0069] When the monitoring sensor detects that the forward / reverse switch (S1) 7, the auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2) 8, the auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3) 9, the boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10, the boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11, the bucket retraction pressure switch (S6) 12, and the bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13 have activated the corresponding functions, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 starts the hydraulic pump motor 2 and adjusts its operating speed.

[0070] For the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14, when the monitoring sensor detects that the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14 is switching between open and closed, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 adjusts the operating speed of the hydraulic pump motor 2.

[0071] For the electric loader operating system described in Embodiment 1 above, the following are correspondingly set up for the travel transmission system, pilot control system, and working hydraulic system in the electric loader operating system: forward / reverse gear switch S1, auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch S2, auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch S3, boom lifting pressure switch S4, boom lowering pressure switch S5, bucket retraction pressure switch S6, bucket tipping pressure switch S7, hydraulic system pressure switch S8, speed control switch S9, and corresponding monitoring and sensing devices. Based on the corresponding monitoring and sensing devices, corresponding monitoring signals are acquired. According to a preset control method, the hydraulic pump motor controller, speed pump motor controller, electrical control signal relay, and the monitoring and sensing device corresponding to the speed control switch S9 receive preset monitoring signals and adjust the speed of the hydraulic pump motor, the output pressure of the speed pump, and the vehicle speed to achieve the following: while meeting the operating conditions of the electric loader, the energy consumption of the travel transmission system and working hydraulic system is reduced, thereby improving the overall machine operating efficiency and extending the overall machine's range.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] This embodiment proposes a control method for an electric loader equipped with the aforementioned electric loader operating system, the control method comprising:

[0074] According to the preset hydraulic pump motor control method, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 controls the start / stop and operating speed of the hydraulic pump motor 2 based on the received monitoring signals, so as to adjust the input power of the hydraulic pump 1.

[0075] According to the preset variable speed pump motor control method, the variable speed pump motor controller 25, together with the electronic control signal relay 32, controls the variable speed pump motor 26 to start / stop based on the received monitoring signal, and adjusts the output pressure of the variable speed pump 27, thereby adjusting the input power of the variable speed pump 27.

[0076] In this embodiment, regarding the aforementioned "controlling the start / stop and operating speed of the hydraulic pump motor 2 to adjust the input power of the hydraulic pump 1" and "controlling the start / stop of the variable speed pump motor 26 and adjusting the output pressure of the variable speed pump 27 to adjust the input power of the variable speed pump 27," it should be noted that:

[0077] In a hydraulic system, the relationship between the input power of the oil pump, the outlet pressure of the oil pump, and the output flow rate of the oil pump is shown in formulas (1) to (5):

[0078] N = P·Q / (η t ·61.2) (1)

[0079] Q = n·V·η V / 1000 (2)

[0080] Substitute formula (2) into formula (1):

[0081] N = P·n·V·η V / (η t ·61200) (3)

[0082] set up:

[0083] k=η V / (η t ·61200) (4)

[0084] get:

[0085] N = P·n·V·k (5)

[0086] Where: N is the input power of the oil pump, in kW; P is the outlet pressure of the oil pump, in MPa; Q is the output flow rate of the oil pump, in l / min; n is the speed of the oil pump, in r / min; V is the displacement of the oil pump, in ml / r; η V η is the volumetric efficiency of the oil pump. t denoted as , where is the overall efficiency of the oil pump system; k is the coefficient of the oil pump system.

[0087] Combining the aforementioned formulas (1) to (5), it can be seen that the oil pump input power N is directly proportional to the oil pump outlet pressure P and the oil pump output flow rate Q; while the oil pump output flow rate Q is directly proportional to the oil pump speed n and the oil pump displacement V; therefore, the oil pump input power N is directly proportional to the oil pump outlet pressure P, the oil pump speed n, the oil pump displacement V and the oil pump system coefficient k, as shown in formula (5).

[0088] For example: if the oil pump displacement V is constant (e.g., a fixed displacement pump), the oil pump input power N is directly proportional to the oil pump outlet pressure P and the oil pump speed n.

[0089] Under the same operating conditions, for example, when the oil pump outlet pressure P is the same, the oil pump input power N is only proportional to the oil pump speed n; that is, in Figure 1, under the same operating conditions, the higher the speed of hydraulic pump 1, the greater the input power of hydraulic pump 1; therefore, under normal operating conditions, by effectively controlling the speed of hydraulic pump 1, the output flow of hydraulic pump 1 can be controlled, thereby effectively controlling the input power of hydraulic pump 1, which can reduce unnecessary hydraulic power loss, reduce energy consumption, and improve the operating efficiency of the working hydraulic system.

[0090] For example: if the oil pump displacement V is constant (e.g., a fixed displacement pump), the oil pump input power N is directly proportional to the oil pump outlet pressure P and the oil pump speed n.

[0091] If the oil pump speed n remains constant, the oil pump input power N is only proportional to the oil pump outlet pressure P; that is, in Figure 1, when the speed of the transmission pump 27 remains constant, the higher the outlet pressure of the transmission pump 27, the greater its input power. Therefore, in Figure 1, when the pilot control system is not working, the output pressure of the transmission pump 27 is reduced (P3=P1) to only meet the working pressure of the travel transmission system. When the pilot control system is working, the output pressure of the transmission pump 27 is increased (P3=P1+P2) to ensure the normal operation of the pilot control system. This effectively controls the input power of the transmission pump 27, reduces unnecessary power loss in the travel transmission system, lowers energy consumption, and improves the system's operating efficiency.

[0092] In this embodiment, regarding the aforementioned "according to the preset variable speed pump motor control method, the variable speed pump motor controller 25, together with the electronic control signal relay 32, controls the variable speed pump motor 26 to start / stop operation based on the received monitoring signal, and adjusts the output pressure of the variable speed pump 27," it should be noted that:

[0093] X1) When the corresponding monitoring sensor detects that the forward / reverse gear switch (S1) 7 is not triggered, the variable speed pump motor controller 25 does not drive the variable speed pump motor 26 to work, and the variable speed pump 27 is in a stationary state.

[0094] X2) When the corresponding monitoring sensor detects that the forward / reverse gear switch (S1) 7 in Figure 1 is triggered, the transmission pump motor controller 25 receives the k1 control signal and drives the transmission pump motor 26 to start and run at speed nb; because the electronic control signal relay 32 does not receive the control signal, the back pressure control solenoid valve 30 does not work, and the two ends of the back pressure valve 29 are in a short circuit state. At this time, the output pressure P3 of the transmission pump 27 is P1; the transmission pump motor 26 drives the transmission pump 27 to provide the travel transmission system with pressure oil that meets the normal shifting requirements of the power shift gearbox 37;

[0095] (X3) When the forward / reverse gear switch (S1) 7 has been triggered (and the control signal k1 has been received), when the corresponding monitoring sensor detects that any one or more of the following pressure switches in Figure 1 are triggered: boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10, boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11, bucket retraction pressure switch (S6) 12, bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13, auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2) 8, and auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3) 9, the electronic control signal relay 32 receives the control signal k7, starts the back pressure control solenoid valve 30, disconnects the oil circuit, and connects the back pressure valve 29 to the system. At this time, the output pressure P3 of the transmission pump 27 is P1 + P2, causing the pilot control pressure to rise from P1 to P3 (P1 + P2). The transmission pump 27 provides the pilot pressure oil that meets the normal working requirements of the pilot control system.

[0096] Regarding X1) to X3) mentioned above, it should be noted that the specific value of the operating speed nb of the transmission pump 27 is pre-adjusted according to the specific working conditions and is not specifically limited; in Figure 1, P1 is the shift working pressure of the power shift transmission 37, which is set by the transmission pressure relief valve 33, P2 is the set pressure of the back pressure valve 29 (pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the back pressure valve), and P3 is the pilot working pressure of the pilot control system, where P3 = P1 + P2; the above pressure values ​​can be set according to the specific system and are not specifically limited.

[0097] In this embodiment, regarding the statement that "according to a preset hydraulic pump motor control method, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 controls the start / stop and operating speed of the hydraulic pump motor 2 based on the received monitoring signals," it should be noted that:

[0098] Y1) When the corresponding monitoring sensor detects that the forward / reverse gear switch (S1)7 is not triggered, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 does not drive the hydraulic pump motor 2 to work, and the hydraulic pump 1 is in a stationary state.

[0099] Y2) When the corresponding monitoring sensor detects that the forward / reverse gear switch (S1) 7 is triggered, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 receives the control signal k1, drives the hydraulic pump motor 2 to start and run at speed n1, and the hydraulic pump motor 2 drives the hydraulic pump 1 to provide the hydraulic system with the flow rate required to ensure normal driving and steering. The electric loader operator drives the electric loader to start moving forward / reverse in low gear by pressing the travel accelerator pedal. When the electric loader operator turns the steering wheel, the load sensing steering gear 21 sends an oil demand signal to the priority valve 27 through the sensing control oil circuit, and the hydraulic system oil flows to the steering cylinder 20 to achieve the steering of the whole machine. In addition, when the operator operates the transmission control switch (S9) 35, the transmission control solenoid valve 34 is activated, the high-speed clutch of the power shift gearbox 37 is engaged, and the vehicle moves in high gear.

[0100] Y3) When the forward / reverse switch (S1)7 has been triggered (and the control signal k1 has been received), when the corresponding monitoring sensor detects that the auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch (S2)8 or the auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch (S3)9 in Figure 1 is triggered, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 receives the control signal k2 and drives the hydraulic pump motor 2 to switch from speed n1 to speed n2 to provide the required flow for the extension or retraction of the auxiliary device cylinder, so that the auxiliary device can work normally.

[0101] Y4) When the forward / backward gear switch (S1) 7 has been triggered (the k1 control signal has been received), and when the corresponding monitoring and sensing device detects that the bucket closing pressure switch (S6) 12 or the bucket tipping pressure switch (S7) 13 in Fig. 1 is triggered, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 receives the k3 control signal and drives the hydraulic pump motor 2 to operate at a speed of n3 instead of n1, providing a moderate flow rate for the bucket closing or tipping, causing the whole machine to achieve bucket closing or tipping;

[0102] Y5) When the forward / backward gear switch (S1) 7 has been triggered (the k1 control signal has been received), and when the corresponding monitoring and sensing device detects that the boom lowering pressure switch (S5) 11 in Fig. 1 is triggered, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 receives the k4 control signal and drives the hydraulic pump motor 2 to operate at a speed of n4 instead of n1, in order to provide an appropriate flow rate for the rapid lowering of the boom, causing the whole machine to achieve the rapid lowering of the boom;

[0103] Y6) When the forward / backward gear switch (S1) 7 has been triggered (the k1 control signal has been received), and when the corresponding monitoring and sensing device detects that the boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10 in Fig. 1 is triggered, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 receives the k5 control signal and drives the hydraulic pump motor 2 to operate at a speed of n5 instead of n1, in order to provide the maximum flow rate for the rapid lifting of the boom, causing the whole machine to achieve the rapid lifting of the boom;

[0104] Y7) When the forward / backward gear switch (S1) has been triggered (the k1 control signal has been received), and when the corresponding monitoring and sensing device detects that due to the increase in the hydraulic system pressure, for example, the relief valve is opened, and then the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14 in Fig. 1 is triggered, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 receives the k6 control signal. At this time, regardless of the operating condition of the hydraulic pump motor 2, it will be forced to operate at a speed of n6 to reduce the hydraulic system flow rate, lower the hydraulic system energy consumption, and reduce system heat generation.

[0105] Regarding the foregoing Y1) to Y7), it should be noted that the operating speed n1 of the hydraulic pump motor 2 is in the first interval [A, B); the operating speeds n2, n3, n4, n6 are in the second interval [B, C); the operating speed n5 is in the third interval [C, D]; where A < B < C < D; the first to third intervals are preset operating speed intervals of the hydraulic pump motor 2;

[0106] Regarding the foregoing Y1) to Y7), it should also be noted that the operating speeds n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6 of the hydraulic pump motor 2 are preset operating speeds for the corresponding operating speed intervals.

[0107] In this embodiment, the specific values ​​of A, B, C, and D are pre-adjusted according to the specific working conditions, and are not specifically limited.

[0108] The specific values ​​of n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, and n6 mentioned above can be adjusted in advance according to the specific working conditions, without specific limitations.

[0109] In this embodiment, it should be noted that when the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 receives multiple monitoring signals at the same time, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 drives the hydraulic pump motor 2 to operate at the highest priority operating speed; among them, the highest priority is n6, and then the highest priority is n1, n2, n3, n4, and n5 in the operating speed range, ordered from high to low.

[0110] In this embodiment, it should be noted that in order to ensure the normal operation of the travel transmission system and the working hydraulic system during forward / reverse gear shifts, the following two points must be met:

[0111] First, after the control signal k1 is disconnected, the variable speed pump motor controller 25 should make the variable speed pump motor 26 continue to run at nb speed for a delay of t seconds before stopping.

[0112] Secondly, after the control signal k1 is disconnected, if there is no other control signal input, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 should continue to run at speed n1 for a delay of t seconds before stopping.

[0113] In this embodiment, it should be noted that in Figure 1, P is the opening pressure of the relief valve of the working hydraulic system; its pressure value can be set according to the specific system and is not specifically limited.

[0114] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the opening pressures of the pressure switches S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7 of the pilot control system in Figure 1 should all be less than the minimum starting control pressure when the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve is switching; and the opening pressure of the hydraulic system pressure switch (S8) 14 in Figure 1 should not be greater than the opening pressure P of the hydraulic system relief valve.

[0115] Regarding the control method of the electric loader in the aforementioned electric loader operating system, it should also be noted that:

[0116] In the system, when the electric loader is powered on and not in forward / reverse gear (neutral position), the transmission pump motor 26 and the hydraulic pump motor 2 do not work, and the vehicle is stationary.

[0117] In the system, when the power is turned on and the vehicle is engaged in forward / reverse gear, without any pilot control lever operated (the working device is not working), the vehicle is stationary. The transmission pump motor 26 starts running, and the outlet pressure P3 of the transmission pump 27 is equal to P1, providing shift working pressure oil to the power shift transmission 37. The low-speed clutch of the power shift transmission 37 engages, and the vehicle is in low-speed gear condition. At the same time, the hydraulic pump motor 2 starts and runs at a speed of n1, providing the working hydraulic system with the flow rate required to ensure normal driving and steering. The operator drives the electric loader to move forward / reverse in low-speed gear by pressing the travel accelerator pedal. When the operator turns the steering wheel, the hydraulic system oil flows to the steering cylinder 20 to achieve overall machine steering. In addition, when the operator operates the transmission control switch (S9) 35, the high-speed clutch of the power shift transmission 37 engages, and the vehicle moves to high-speed gear condition.

[0118] In the system, when the machine is powered on and the vehicle is engaged in forward / reverse gear, if the pilot control handle is operated for loading operations, such as boom lifting: First, the boom lifting pressure switch (S4) 10 is turned on, the electrical control signal relay 32 receives the control signal k7, and the back pressure control solenoid valve 30 is activated. At this time, the output pressure P3 of the transmission pump 27 is P1+P2, providing the pilot control pressure oil that meets the normal working requirements of the pilot control system; at the same time, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 receives the control signal k5, driving the hydraulic pump motor 2 to switch from speed n1 to speed n5, providing the maximum flow for rapid boom lifting, thus enabling the entire machine to achieve rapid boom lifting;

[0119] In the system, the travel transmission system and the pilot control system in the working hydraulic system share a transmission pump 26 for oil supply. The output working pressure is controlled by the back pressure valve assembly 31 in the system. When the working hydraulic system is not working, it only provides the pressure oil required to meet the working needs of the power shift transmission 37. When the working hydraulic system is working, it provides the pressure oil required to meet the working needs of the pilot control system.

[0120] In the system, the steering hydraulic system and the working hydraulic system share the same hydraulic pump 1 for oil supply. When the machine is not steering, almost all the oil from the hydraulic pump 1 flows to the working hydraulic system through the priority valve 22. When the machine is steering, the priority valve 22 receives the dynamic feedback signal from the load-sensing steering gear 21 and prioritizes supplying the required flow to the steering hydraulic system, while the remaining flow goes to the working hydraulic system.

[0121] In the system, according to the preset hydraulic pump motor control method, the hydraulic pump motor controller 3 starts the hydraulic pump motor 2 and adjusts its operating speed based on the received monitoring signal, so as to adjust the input power of the hydraulic pump 1.

[0122] In the system, according to the preset variable speed pump motor control method, the variable speed pump motor controller 25, together with the electronic control signal relay 32, starts the variable speed pump motor 26 to run and adjusts the output pressure of the variable speed pump 27 based on the reception of the monitoring signal, thereby adjusting the input power of the variable speed pump 27.

[0123] It should be noted that any reference numerals placed between parentheses in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of components or steps not listed in the claims. The words "a" or "an" preceding a component do not exclude the presence of a plurality of such components. The use of the terms first, second, third, etc., is for convenience only and does not indicate any order. These terms can be understood as part of the component names.

[0124] Furthermore, it should be noted that in the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0125] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the claims should be interpreted to include both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0126] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, then this invention should also include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An electric loader operating system, the operating system comprising a travel transmission system, a pilot control system, and a working hydraulic system, characterized in that: In the operating system, the electric loader's forward and reverse gear operating device is equipped with a forward / reverse gear switch S1; the auxiliary device cylinder extension pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve auxiliary device connection is equipped with an auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch S2; the auxiliary device cylinder retraction pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve auxiliary device connection is equipped with an auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch S3; the boom cylinder lifting pilot valve to the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve boom connection is equipped with a corresponding control switch S3. A boom lifting pressure switch S4 is installed on the pipeline; a boom lowering pressure switch S5 is installed on the corresponding control pipeline from the boom cylinder lowering pilot valve to the boom coupling of the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve; a bucket retraction pressure switch S6 is installed on the corresponding control pipeline from the bucket cylinder retraction pilot valve to the bucket coupling of the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve; a bucket tipping pressure switch S7 is installed on the corresponding control pipeline from the bucket cylinder tipping pilot valve to the bucket coupling of the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve; and a [missing information - likely a device or device] is installed on the connecting pipeline between the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve and the priority valve. Hydraulic system pressure switch S8; speed control switch S9 is electrically connected to the speed control solenoid valve; electrical control signal relay is electrically connected to the back pressure control solenoid valve; the aforementioned switches S1 to S9 are each equipped with a corresponding monitoring sensor, and the corresponding monitoring signal is obtained based on the corresponding monitoring sensor; in the operating system, the speed valve assembly is connected to the power shift gearbox and is connected to the back pressure valve assembly through a pipeline; the back pressure valve assembly is connected to the speed pump through the speed system oil filter, and is also connected to the multi-way pilot valve through a pipeline; the speed valve assembly includes a speed control solenoid valve, and the back pressure valve assembly includes a back pressure control solenoid valve; according to the preset control method, the hydraulic pump motor controller, the speed pump motor controller, the electrical control signal relay, and the monitoring sensor corresponding to the speed control switch S9 adjust the speed of the hydraulic pump motor and the output pressure of the speed pump by receiving the preset monitoring signal; the hydraulic pump motor controller controls the start / stop and operating speed of the hydraulic pump motor by receiving the monitoring signals corresponding to the eight switches S1 to S8. The variable speed pump motor controller controls the start / stop of the variable speed pump motor by receiving monitoring signals corresponding to seven switches S1 to S7; the electronic control signal relay controls the back pressure control solenoid valve to start / stop by receiving monitoring signals corresponding to six switches S2 to S7, so as to regulate the output pressure of the variable speed pump; the monitoring sensor corresponding to the variable speed control switch S9 controls the variable speed control solenoid valve to start / stop based on the monitoring signal corresponding to switch S9, so as to switch the power shift gearbox between high and low speeds.

2. The operating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring sensor corresponding to the forward / reverse gear switch S1 is used to monitor the corresponding function option; the monitoring sensor corresponding to the auxiliary device cylinder extension pressure switch S2, auxiliary device cylinder retraction pressure switch S3, boom lifting pressure switch S4, boom lowering pressure switch S5, bucket retraction pressure switch S6, and bucket tipping pressure switch S7 is used to monitor the opening / closing of the pilot control pressure switch based on the preset value of the pilot control pressure switch. The monitoring and sensing device corresponding to the hydraulic system pressure switch S8 is used to monitor the opening / closing of the hydraulic system pressure switch based on the preset value of the hydraulic system pressure switch; The monitoring and sensing device corresponding to the shift control switch S9 is used to monitor the corresponding function options.

3. The operating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control method includes: if the trigger switch S1 is not detected, the hydraulic pump motor controller does not drive the hydraulic pump motor to operate, and the variable speed pump motor controller does not drive the variable speed pump motor to operate; when the trigger switch S1 is detected, the hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to start and operate at speed n1, and at the same time, the variable speed pump motor controller drives the variable speed pump motor to start and operate at the preset speed nb.

4. The operating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control method includes: when the trigger switch S1 is detected and at the same time the trigger switch S2 or switch S3 is detected, the hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to change from speed n1 to speed n2, and at the same time, the electric control signal relay drives the backpressure control solenoid valve to work, causing the output pressure of the variable speed pump to increase from P1 to P3 (P1 + P2); when the trigger switch S1 is detected and at the same time the trigger switch S6 or switch S7 is detected, the hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to change from speed n1 to speed n3, and at the same time, the electric control signal relay drives the backpressure control solenoid valve to work, causing the output pressure of the variable speed pump to increase from P1 to P3 (P1 + P2); when the trigger switch S1 is detected and at the same time the trigger switch S5 is detected, the hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to change from speed n1 to speed n4, and at the same time, the electric control signal relay drives the backpressure control solenoid valve to work, causing the output pressure of the variable speed pump to increase from P1 to P3 (P1 + P2).

5. The operating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control method further includes: when the trigger switch S1 is detected and at the same time the trigger switch S4 is detected, the hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to change from speed n1 to speed n5, and at the same time, the electric control signal relay drives the backpressure control solenoid valve to work, causing the output pressure of the variable speed pump to increase from P1 to P3 (P1 + P2); when the trigger switch S1 is detected and at the same time the trigger switch S8 is detected, the hydraulic pump motor controller will drive the hydraulic pump motor to operate at speed n6; when the trigger switch S1 is detected and at the same time the trigger switch S9 is detected, the shift control solenoid valve is started to work, causing the power shift transmission to switch from the low-speed gear to the high-speed gear.

6. The operating system according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The operating speed n1 of the hydraulic pump motor is in the first interval [A, B); the operating speeds n2, n3, n4, n6 are in the second interval [B, C); the operating speed n5 is in the third interval [C, D]; where A < B < C < D; where the first to third intervals are preset operating speed intervals of the hydraulic pump motor; n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6 are: for the corresponding operating speed intervals, the preset operating speeds.

7. The operating system according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, When the hydraulic pump motor controller receives multiple monitoring signals at the same time, the hydraulic pump motor controller drives the hydraulic pump motor to operate at the operating speed with the highest priority; where the highest priority is n6, and then sorted from high to low are: the highest operating speed among n1, n2, n3, n4, n5 in the running speed segment.

8. The operating system according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, P1 is the shifting working pressure of the power shift transmission, P2 is the set pressure of the back pressure valve, and P3 is the pilot working pressure of the pilot control system; where P3 = P1 + P2; and the opening pressures of switches S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, and S7 are all less than the minimum starting control pressure when the hydraulic multi-way distribution valve is switching; the opening pressure of switch S8 is not greater than the opening pressure P of the hydraulic system relief valve.

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