A split electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a detachable electric heavy-duty truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure, comprising a power device and a locking member. The power device is installed in a housing and adopts a planetary gear transmission. The power shaft can move axially under the action of an external force to connect or disconnect the lock tongue pressure plate, thereby realizing the rotation operation of the lock tongue pressure plate or the locking nut. The power device of the present invention comprises a motor, a planetary gear set, and a movable power shaft. The locking member comprises a lock tongue pressure plate, a locking nut, a metal gasket and a spring washer. The locking device has a simple structure, and the power device is detachable relative to the locking member, and the manufacturing and use costs are low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of heavy truck battery replacement, and specifically relates to a separate battery compartment locking device. Background Art

[0002] Due to the battery capacity limitation of electric vehicles, electric vehicles cannot maintain long-term high mileage, especially electric heavy trucks, which are heavy, energy-intensive, and take a long time to charge. To extend the mileage and shorten the idle time, the main measure is to set up battery swap stations. When the vehicle is about to run out of power, the battery can be replaced. It only takes a few minutes to extend the mileage by hundreds of kilometers. Based on this, the efficiency of the battery swap station needs to be guaranteed.

[0003] However, the battery compartments of most existing cars are connected to the bottom of the vehicle by bolts. In the process of replacing the battery compartment, all the bolts need to be removed before replacement. It is difficult to automate this work, and the replacement method is complicated. Most traditional power-driven locking mechanisms are integrated, large in size, high in cost, complex in vehicle-end structure, and difficult to eliminate the gap between the locking objects, resulting in problems such as shaking and vibration in the battery compartment during the operation of the car. At the same time, the vehicle uses 4 to 10 locking devices to lock the battery, and the overall cost is high. There is a locking mechanism similar to the bolt and nut connection in patent CN210941322U, but its vehicle-end structure is complex and costly, and it will also increase the load-carrying weight of the car. The locking principle of bolt and nut connection is simple, but the locking mechanism with a separable power part and a more flexible installation method of the lock tongue pressure plate has not yet appeared.

[0004] Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detachable electric heavy-duty truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure, which has a power device that can be removed relative to the locking member, so that the power device can be removed after the locking member locks the battery compartment, and the rotation of the locking nut or the lock tongue pressure plate can be controlled respectively through a driver and a clutch structure. Compared with the locking device in the prior art that can only operate the rotation of the lock tongue pressure plate, it has a high degree of integration, a high degree of automation and saves costs.

[0006] Technical solution: The present invention can adopt the following technical solution:

[0007] A split-type electric heavy-duty truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure, comprising a locking piece for cooperating with a battery compartment frame plate and a power device detachably cooperating with the locking piece; the power device comprises a housing, an inner gear ring fixed in the housing, a power shaft located in the middle of the inner gear ring, a sun gear installed and fixed on the periphery of the power shaft, a plurality of planetary gears arranged around the sun gear, an upper end cover located above the inner gear ring and relatively fixed to the inner gear ring, a sleeve located in the middle of the upper end cover and coaxially arranged with the sun gear, and a driver for driving the power shaft to rotate; a lower connecting end is provided on the top of the power shaft; the power shaft and the sun gear can move up and down in the housing, and the sun gear is always meshed with the planetary gears;

[0008] The locking member includes a screw rod, a locking tongue pressing plate fixed to the screw rod, an upper connecting end located at the bottom of the screw rod, a washer sleeved on the screw rod and a locking nut, wherein the washer is located between the locking nut and the locking tongue pressing plate;

[0009] When the locking piece is connected to the power device, the locking nut is always located and engaged in the sleeve; when the lower connecting end of the power shaft is connected to the upper connecting end of the screw, the power shaft rotates to drive the screw and the lock tongue pressure plate to rotate; when the power shaft and the sun gear move downward to separate the lower connecting end from the upper connecting end, the power shaft rotates to drive the inner gear ring and the sleeve to rotate so that the locking nut rotates on the screw.

[0010] Furthermore, a sensor is provided on the side of the power shaft; the side of the power shaft is provided with a sensing hole cooperating with the sensor; when the lower connecting end is separated from the upper connecting end and the power shaft rotates, the sensor detects the sensing hole several times to calculate the number of rotations of the power shaft, and when a certain number of times is reached, it is confirmed that the locking nut is in a loose state or a locked state.

[0011] Furthermore, a posture hole cooperating with the sensor is provided on the side of the power shaft, and the posture hole is located below the sensing hole; when the lower connecting end is connected to the upper connecting end and the power shaft rotates, the sensor senses the posture hole, that is, the lock tongue pressure plate rotates 90°.

[0012] Furthermore, connecting rods are provided on both sides of the power shaft, and the connecting rods extend downward and then bend outward from the shell to form a downward pressing handle; when the downward pressing handle is pressed downward, the connecting rod and the power shaft are driven downward to separate the lower connecting end from the upper connecting end.

[0013] Furthermore, an annular handle fixing groove is provided on the outer side of the power shaft, and a handle ring is provided at one end of the connecting rod connected to the power shaft, which is located in the handle fixing groove. When the handle is pressed down, the handle fixing groove is pressed down by the handle ring to cause the power shaft to move downward; when the power shaft rotates, the power shaft rotates in the handle ring, and the handle ring does not rotate.

[0014] Furthermore, two limit sleeves for accommodating the pressing handle are provided on both sides of the shell, and spring fixing shoulders are provided at the top ends of the two limit sleeves; the pressing handle includes a limit cylinder extending up and down and coaxially accommodated in the limit sleeve, a spring sleeved on the limit cylinder, a pressing screw and a pressing gasket installed on the top end of the limit cylinder and abutting against the spring; the spring is located between the pressing gasket and the spring fixing shoulder to reset the pressing handle.

[0015] Furthermore, a waist-shaped blind hole is provided at the bottom of the power shaft, and the driver extends upward to insert an output shaft into the waist-shaped blind hole; the waist-shaped blind hole can move up and down relative to the output shaft, so that the output shaft can always drive the power shaft to rotate when the power shaft moves upward or downward.

[0016] Furthermore, the height of the planetary gear is higher than the height of the sun gear.

[0017] Furthermore, the locking nut is a hexagonal nut, and the sleeve is a hexagonal sleeve.

[0018] Beneficial effect: Compared with the prior art, the power device of the present invention can be disassembled relative to the locking member; wherein the locking member is used to lock the battery compartment frame plate and the bottom frame of the electric heavy truck, so one power device can be used to lock all the locking members on the vehicle, without the need for each locking device in the prior art to have both a locking member and a power device for driving the locking member to lock or unlock, so that the technical solution of the present invention can reduce the cost of the locking device.

[0019] A further technical effect is that the power device can also be fixed and integrated with the locking member into a whole by interlocking the upper and lower locking parts, and the assembly flexibility is strong.

[0020] If a torsion spring and an anti-loosening pin are further added to loosen the buckle-type locking part, the safety of the power device and the locking member after being fixed can be increased.

[0021] The present invention also provides an installation method for the above-mentioned split electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure:

[0022] The battery compartment frame plate of the matched battery compartment and the bottom frame of the electric heavy truck are both provided with a longitudinal hole for the lock tongue pressure plate to pass through; the battery compartment frame plate of the electric heavy truck is located on the bottom frame of the electric heavy truck, and the bottom frame of the electric heavy truck is carried on the gasket; a limit column is provided on one side of the longitudinal hole of the battery compartment frame plate; the power shaft is moved vertically downward until the lower connecting end is separated from the upper connecting end; the sleeve and the locking nut cooperate, and the top end of the sleeve is in contact with the gasket, which is the installation state; when the power is replaced and unlocked, the power shaft and the sun gear are driven to rotate by the driver, and the sun gear drives the planetary carrier and the sleeve to rotate through the planetary gear, so that the locking nut moves downward relative to the gasket until the locking nut is in a relaxed state; the power shaft is moved vertically upward until the lower connecting end is separated from the upper connecting end. After the connecting ends are connected, the power shaft starts to rotate until the lock tongue pressure plate rotates 90°, so that the lock tongue pressure plate can pass through the longitudinal hole, and the unlocking is completed at this time; when the battery compartment is replaced, the lock tongue pressure plate passes through the longitudinal holes of the battery compartment frame plate and the bottom frame, and the driver is reversed to make the lock tongue pressure plate reverse 90° until it abuts against the limit column; the power shaft moves vertically downward until the lower connecting end is separated from the upper connecting end; the sleeve and the locking nut cooperate, and the driver drives the power shaft and the sun gear to reverse, and the sun gear drives the planetary carrier and the sleeve to reverse through the planetary gear, so that the locking nut moves upward relative to the gasket until the locking nut squeezes the gasket upward to the bottom frame of the electric heavy truck, the battery compartment frame plate, and the lock tongue pressure plate until they are fixed to each other, completing the locking work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the battery compartment locking device of the present invention in a locked state.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the battery compartment locking device of the present invention in the unlocked state.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a front view of the battery compartment locking device of the present invention in a separated state.

[0026] Figure 4 BB is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the battery compartment locking device of the present invention in a separated state.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the battery compartment locking device of the present invention in a separated state with the outer shell hidden.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a power device of a battery compartment locking device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the shell structure of the power device of the battery compartment locking device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the power shaft of the present invention.

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the push-down wrench of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lock tongue pressure plate and the power shaft separated according to the present invention.

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure in which the locking tongue pressing plate and the power shaft are in full contact with each other according to the present invention.

[0034] In the figure:

[0035] 1. Locking parts;

[0036] 101, locking tongue pressure plate; 102, screw; 104, metal gasket; 105, spring washer; 106, locking nut; 107, screw; 1011, upper connecting end;

[0037] 2. Power plant;

[0038] 201, hexagon socket; 202, housing; 2021, fixing convex block; 2022, spring fixing shoulder; 2024, limiting sleeve; 203, pressing gasket; 204, sun gear; 206, planetary gear; 207, inner ring gear; 208, planet carrier; 209, power shaft; 2091, lower connecting end; 2092, waist-shaped blind hole; 2093, induction hole; 2094, attitude hole; 2095, handle fixing groove; 210, sensor; 211, lower end cover; 212, driver; 213, upper end cover; 2131, inner ring gear pressure plate; 214, pressing handle; 2142, handle ring; 2143, handle boss; 2144, limiting cylinder; 215, motor flange; 216, pressing spring; 217, pressing screw; 2121, output shaft;

[0039] 3. Battery compartment frame; 31. Limiting column;

[0040] 4. Bottom frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the same or similar reference numerals throughout the embodiments represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments are intended to help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several improvements or deformations may be made to the scheme of the present invention, but they still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Please combine Figures 1 to 6As shown, the present invention provides a split electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure, comprising a locking member 1 for cooperating with a battery compartment frame plate and a power device 2 detachably cooperating with the locking member.

[0043] Please combine Figures 3 to 9 As shown, the power device 2 includes a housing 202, an inner gear ring 207 fixed in the housing 202, a power shaft 209 located in the middle of the inner gear ring 207, a sun gear 204 installed and fixed on the periphery of the power shaft 209, a plurality of planetary gears 206 arranged around the sun gear 204, an upper end cover 213 located above the inner gear ring and fixed relative to the inner gear ring, a sleeve 201 located in the middle of the upper end cover 213 and coaxially arranged with the sun gear 204, and a driver 212 for driving the power shaft 209 to rotate. In this embodiment, the driver 212 is a motor. A lower connecting end 2091 is provided at the top of the power shaft 209; the power shaft 209 and the sun gear 204 can move up and down in the housing, and the sun gear 204 is always meshed with the planetary gear 206. The height of the planetary gear 206 is higher than that of the sun gear 204, so that the sun gear 204 always maintains a meshing relationship with the planetary gear 206 when moving up and down relative to the planetary gear 206. The upper end cover 213 is fixed to the housing 202 by threaded connection, and its inner gear ring pressure plate 2131 contacts the inner gear ring 207 to prevent the inner gear ring from moving up and down. At the same time, the outer ring of the inner gear ring 207 has a groove that cooperates with the fixed protrusion 2021 on the housing 202 to fix the inner gear ring. Only the sun gear 204, the planetary gear 206, and the planet carrier 208 of the planetary gear set rotate.

[0044] A sensor 210 is also provided in the housing 202 and is located on the side of the power shaft 209; the side of the power shaft 209 is provided with a sensing hole 2093 and a posture hole 2094 that cooperate with the sensor, and the posture hole 2094 is located below the sensing hole 2093. When the lower connecting end 2091 is separated from the upper connecting end 1011 and the power shaft 209 rotates, the sensor 210 detects the sensing hole 2093 several times to calculate the number of rotations of the power shaft 209. When a certain number of times is reached, it is confirmed that the locking nut 106 is in a loose state or a locked state. When the lower connecting end 2091 is connected to the upper connecting end 1011 and the power shaft 209 rotates, the sensor 210 senses the posture hole 2094, which means that the lock tongue pressure plate 101 has rotated 90°.

[0045] Please combine Figures 5 to 9As shown, connecting rods are provided on both sides of the power shaft 209. The connecting rods extend downward and then bend and extend out of the shell to form a pressing handle 214. When the pressing handle 214 is pressed down, the connecting rod and the power shaft 209 are pressed down to separate the lower connecting end 2091 from the upper connecting end 1011. An annular handle fixing groove 2095 is provided on the outside of the power shaft 209. One end of the connecting rod connected to the power shaft is provided with a handle ring 2142 located in the handle fixing groove 2095. When the pressing handle 214 is pressed down, the handle fixing groove 2095 is pressed down by the handle ring 2142 to move the power shaft 209 downward. When the power shaft 209 rotates, the power shaft 209 rotates in the handle ring 2142, and the handle ring 2142 does not rotate. Two limiting sleeves 2024 for accommodating the pressing handle 214 are provided on both sides of the shell, and spring fixing shoulders 2022 are provided at the top of the two limiting sleeves 2024. The pressing handle 214 includes a limiting cylinder 2144 extending up and down and coaxially received in the limiting sleeve 2024, a spring 216 sleeved on the limiting cylinder 2144, a pressing screw 217 installed on the top of the limiting cylinder and abutting against the spring, and a pressing washer 203; the spring 216 is located between the pressing washer 203 and the spring fixing shoulder 2022 to reset the pressing handle 214. Since the driver 212 is fixed to the bottom of the shell, in order to prevent the driving connection between the power shaft 209 and the driver 212 from being disconnected when the power shaft 209 moves up and down, a waist-shaped blind hole 2092 is provided at the bottom of the power shaft 209, and the driver 212 extends upward to form an output shaft 2121 inserted into the waist-shaped blind hole 2092. The waist-shaped blind hole 2092 can move up and down relative to the output shaft 2121, so that the output shaft 2121 can always drive the power shaft 209 to rotate when the power shaft 209 moves up or down.

[0046] Please combine Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the locking member 1 includes a screw rod 102, a locking tongue pressing plate 101 fixed to the screw rod 102, an upper connecting end 1011 located at the bottom of the screw rod, a washer 104 sleeved on the screw rod, and a locking nut 106, wherein the washer 104 is located between the locking nut 106 and the locking tongue pressing plate 101. In this embodiment, the locking nut 106 is a hexagonal nut, and the sleeve 201 matched with the locking nut 106 is a hexagonal sleeve.

[0047] When the locking member 1 is connected to the power device 2, Fig.11 As shown, the locking nut 106 is always located in the sleeve 201 and engaged. When the lower connecting end 2091 of the power shaft 209 is connected to the upper connecting end 1011 of the screw rod 102, the rotation of the power shaft drives the screw rod and the locking tongue pressing plate 101 to rotate. At this time, although the locking nut 106 is always located in the sleeve 201 and will rotate with the locking tongue pressing plate 101 by an angle, it can only rotate 90° forward and backward at most, and will not produce a locking or unlocking effect.

[0048] When the power shaft 209 and the sun gear 204 move downward, the lower connecting end 2091 is separated from the upper connecting end 1011. Fig.10 As shown, the power of the driver is still directly transmitted to the sun gear 204, but it no longer drives the locking tongue pressure plate 101 to rotate, but drives the planetary gear to rotate, and then drives the hexagon socket 201 to rotate, only tightening or loosening the locking nut 106.

[0049] The installation method of the above-mentioned split-type electric heavy-duty truck battery compartment locking device is as follows:

[0050] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the battery compartment frame plate 3 of the matching battery compartment and the electric heavy truck bottom frame 4 are both provided with a longitudinal hole for the lock tongue pressure plate 101 to pass through; the battery compartment frame plate of the electric heavy truck is located on the electric heavy truck bottom frame, and the electric heavy truck bottom frame is supported on the gasket 104; a limiting column 31 is provided on one side of the longitudinal hole of the battery compartment frame plate 3.

[0051] By pressing the pressing screw 217, the pressing spring 216 is compressed, and the pressing handle 214 moves downward as a whole, and the power shaft 209 moves vertically downward through the cooperation of the handle fixing groove 2092. The power shaft 209 moves vertically downward until the lower connecting end 2091 is separated from the upper connecting end 1011; the sleeve 201 and the locking nut 106 cooperate, and the top end of the sleeve 201 contacts the gasket 104, which is now in the installed state.

[0052] When the battery is changed and unlocked, the driver 212 drives the power shaft 209 and the sun gear 204 to rotate. The sun gear 204 drives the planetary carrier 208 and the sleeve 201 to rotate through the planetary gear 206. The sleeve 201 drives the locking nut 106 to rotate, and the pressing screw 217 is pressed. The pressing spring 216 is compressed, and the pressing handle 214 moves downward as a whole. The power shaft 209 moves vertically downward through the cooperation of the handle fixing groove 2092.

[0053] Next, the power shaft 209 is moved vertically upward until the lower connecting end 2091 is connected to the upper connecting end 1011. If it is an ideal state, the lower connecting end 2091 and the upper connecting end 1011 can be directly aligned and matched; but in most cases, it is an unideal state, that is, the lower connecting end 2091 and the upper connecting end 1011 form a staggered angle and are not aligned and matched, so at this time, the driver 212 needs to drive the power shaft 209 to rotate slightly by an angle, and when the lower connecting end 2091 and the upper connecting end 1011 reach a position where they can be aligned and matched, a correction step needs to be performed first. Then, the power shaft 209 is driven to start rotating, and when the sensor 210 senses the posture hole 2094, the lock tongue pressure plate 101 has rotated 90°, so that the lock tongue pressure plate 101 can pass through the longitudinal hole, and the unlocking is completed at this time.

[0054] When the battery compartment is replaced, the lock tongue pressing plate 101 passes through the longitudinal holes of the battery compartment frame plate 3 and the bottom frame 4, and the driver 212 is reversed to make the lock tongue pressing plate 101 reverse 90° to abut against the limit column 31. At this time, the power shaft 209 cannot continue to rotate, and the current of the driver 212 gradually increases. When the overcurrent protection is triggered, the driver 212 stops working. Press the pressing screw 217 again, and the pressing handle 214 moves downward as a whole, driving the power shaft 209 to move vertically downward until the lower connecting end 2091 is separated from the upper connecting end 1011. The sleeve 201 and the locking nut 106 cooperate to drive the power shaft 209 and the sun gear 204 to reverse through the driver 212. The sun gear 204 drives the planetary carrier 208 and the sleeve 201 to reverse through the planetary gear 206, so that the locking nut 106 moves upward relative to the gasket 104 until the locking nut 106 presses the gasket 104 upward on the bottom frame 4 of the electric heavy truck, the battery compartment frame plate 3, and the lock tongue pressure plate 101 until they are fixed to each other, completing the locking work.

[0055] The locking member of the device of the present invention is not fixed on the truck in the unlocked state. The locking member can be taken down and installed together with the power device. It has a simple structure, and most of the parts are standard parts, low cost, safe and reliable. The locking device of the present invention has a stepless locking ability, can be locked at any position within the travel range, and has a long travel, which increases the versatility of battery compartments of different specifications. The power device adopts planetary gear transmission, and the sun gear and the planetary gear can provide power at the same time. One power source can realize the fixed angle rotation of the lock tongue pressure plate and the disassembly and installation of the locking nut. Two different angle rotation requirements. In addition, the separate locking device, its power device can provide power for multiple locking members, and there is no need to purchase a complete set of locking devices, which saves costs. And in the process of general automobile driving, there is no need to carry a large number of power devices to increase its own weight, which increases the endurance of the truck. The power device of this patent is not limited to motor drive, pneumatic drive, hydraulic drive, etc., and the downward pressing action is not limited to manual. The same or similar drive is within the scope of limitation of this patent.

[0056] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the implementation mode of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, and is not intended to limit the implementation mode. It should be pointed out that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and improvements may be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A split-type electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure, characterized in that: It comprises a locking piece (1) for cooperating with a battery compartment frame plate and a power device (2) detachably cooperating with the locking piece; The power device (2) comprises a housing (202), an inner gear ring (207) fixed in the housing (202), a power shaft (209) located in the middle of the inner gear ring, a sun gear (204) installed and fixed on the periphery of the power shaft (209), a plurality of planetary gears (206) arranged around the sun gear (204), an upper end cover (213) located above the inner gear ring and fixed relative to the inner gear ring, a sleeve (201) located in the middle of the upper end cover (213) and arranged coaxially with the sun gear (204), and a driver (212) for driving the power shaft (209) to rotate; a lower connecting end (2091) is provided at the top of the power shaft (209); the power shaft (209) and the sun gear (204) can move up and down in the housing, and the sun gear (204) is always meshed with the planetary gears (206); The locking member (1) comprises a screw rod (102), a locking tongue pressure plate (101) fixed to the screw rod (102), an upper connecting end (1011) located at the bottom of the screw rod, a washer (104) sleeved on the screw rod, and a locking nut (106), wherein the washer (104) is located between the locking nut (106) and the locking tongue pressure plate (101); When the locking member (1) is connected to the power device (2), the locking nut (106) is always located in the sleeve (201) and is engaged; when the lower connecting end (2091) of the power shaft (209) is connected to the upper connecting end (1011) of the screw rod (102), the power shaft rotates to drive the screw rod and the locking tongue pressure plate (101) to rotate; when the power shaft (209) and the sun gear (204) move downward to separate the lower connecting end (2091) from the upper connecting end (1011), the power shaft (209) rotates to drive the inner gear ring (207) and the sleeve (201) to rotate, so that the locking nut (106) rotates on the screw rod (102).

2. The split-type electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A sensor (210) is also provided on the side of the power shaft (209); the side of the power shaft (209) is provided with a sensing hole (2093) that cooperates with the sensor; when the lower connecting end (2091) is separated from the upper connecting end (1011) and the power shaft (209) rotates, the sensor (210) detects a number of sensing holes (2093) to calculate the number of rotations of the power shaft (209), and when a certain number of times is reached, it is confirmed that the locking nut (106) is in a loose state or a locked state.

3. The split-type electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The side of the power shaft (209) is also provided with a posture hole (2094) cooperating with the sensor, and the posture hole (2094) is located below the sensing hole (2093); when the lower connecting end (2091) is connected to the upper connecting end (1011) and the power shaft (209) rotates, the sensor (210) senses the posture hole (2094), that is, the bolt pressure plate (101) rotates 90 degrees.

4. The split-type electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Connecting rods are provided on both sides of the power shaft (209), and the connecting rods extend downward and then bend outward to extend out of the shell to form a pressing handle (214); when the pressing handle (214) is pressed downward, the connecting rod and the power shaft (209) are driven downward to separate the lower connecting end (2091) from the upper connecting end (1011).

5. The split-type electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An annular handle fixing groove (2095) is provided on the outer side of the power shaft (209); a handle ring (2142) located in the handle fixing groove (2095) is provided at one end of the connecting rod connected to the power shaft; when the handle (214) is pressed down, the handle fixing groove (2095) is pressed down by the handle ring (2142) to move the power shaft (209) downward; when the power shaft (209) rotates, the power shaft (209) rotates in the handle ring (2142) and the handle ring (2142) does not rotate.

6. The split-type electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Two limiting sleeves (2024) for accommodating the pressing handle (214) are provided on both sides of the shell, and spring fixing shoulders (2022) are provided at the top ends of the two limiting sleeves (2024); the pressing handle (214) comprises a limiting cylinder (2144) extending up and down and coaxially accommodated in the limiting sleeve (2024), a spring (216) sleeved on the limiting cylinder (2144), a pressing screw (217) installed at the top end of the limiting cylinder and abutting against the spring, and a pressing gasket (203); the spring (216) is located between the pressing gasket (203) and the spring fixing shoulder (2022) to reset the pressing handle (214).

7. The split-type electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: A waist-shaped blind hole (2092) is provided at the bottom of the power shaft (209); the driver (212) extends upward to form an output shaft (2121) inserted into the waist-shaped blind hole (2092); the waist-shaped blind hole (2092) can move up and down relative to the output shaft (2121), so that when the power shaft (209) moves upward or downward, the output shaft (2121) can always drive the power shaft (209) to rotate.

8. The split-type electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The height of the planetary gear is higher than that of the sun gear.

9. The split-type electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The locking nut (106) is a hexagonal nut, and the sleeve (201) is a hexagonal sleeve.

10. A method for installing a separate electric heavy truck battery compartment locking device with a clutch structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The battery compartment frame plate (3) of the matched battery compartment and the bottom frame (4) of the electric heavy truck are both provided with a longitudinal hole for the locking tongue pressure plate (101) to pass through; the battery compartment frame plate of the electric heavy truck is located on the bottom frame of the electric heavy truck, and the bottom frame of the electric heavy truck is supported on the gasket (104); a limiting column (31) is provided on one side of the longitudinal hole of the battery compartment frame plate (3); The power shaft (209) is moved vertically downward until the lower connecting end (2091) is separated from the upper connecting end (1011); the sleeve (201) and the locking nut (106) cooperate, and the top end of the sleeve (201) contacts the gasket (104), which is now in the installed state; When unlocking the battery during power replacement, the driver (212) drives the power shaft (209) and the sun gear (204) to rotate, and the sun gear (204) drives the planetary carrier (208) and the sleeve (201) to rotate through the planetary gear (206), so that the locking nut (106) moves downward relative to the gasket (104) until the locking nut (106) is in a loose state; After the power shaft (209) is moved vertically upward until the lower connecting end (2091) is connected to the upper connecting end (1011), the power shaft (209) begins to rotate until the lock tongue pressing plate (101) rotates 90°, so that the lock tongue pressing plate (101) can pass through the longitudinal hole, and unlocking is completed at this time; When the battery compartment is replaced, the lock tongue pressing plate (101) is passed through the longitudinal holes of the battery compartment frame plate (3) and the bottom frame (4), and the driver (212) is reversed to make the lock tongue pressing plate (101) reverse 90 degrees to abut against the limit column (31); the power shaft (209) is vertically moved downward until the lower connecting end (2091) is separated from the upper connecting end (1011); the sleeve (201) and the locking nut (106) cooperate to lock the lock tongue through the driver (212). ) drives the power shaft (209) and the sun gear (204) to rotate in reverse, and the sun gear (204) drives the planetary carrier (208) and the sleeve (201) to rotate in reverse through the planetary gear (206), so that the locking nut (106) moves upward relative to the gasket (104) until the locking nut (106) presses the gasket (104) upward against the bottom frame (4) of the electric heavy truck, the battery compartment frame plate (3), and the lock tongue pressure plate (101) until they are fixed to each other, thereby completing the locking work.

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