A directional perforating device and perforating method for horizontal section bridge-shooting combination

Abstract

The present invention relates to a horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device and a perforating method, comprising: a directional perforating gun, a directional bullet rack, a perforating bullet, a firing selection module, a tilt detection module and a counterweight; the perforating bullet is fixed on the directional bullet rack, and the directional bullet rack and the firing selection module are inside the directional perforating gun; the counterweight is installed on the side wall of the directional bullet rack; the directional bullet rack is connected to the gun head through a rotating conduction mechanism; the tilt detection module is installed on the side wall of the directional bullet rack near the bottom; the firing selection module is connected to the ground controller through a rotating conduction mechanism, and the firing selection module is respectively connected to the tilt detection module and the perforating bullet. In order to solve the problem that when performing perforating operations in the horizontal section of the well, obstacles in the well or failures of the internal mechanism responsible for direction adjustment occur, and it is impossible to detect whether the direction of the perforating gun is correct in the well, resulting in the firing port of the perforating gun not accurately facing the perforating direction, resulting in wrong perforation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas well bridge plug and perforation combination, and in particular to a horizontal section bridge-perforation combination directional perforating device and a perforating method. Background Art

[0002] The cable pumped bridge plug and perforation joint technology is based on the premise that there are communication channels such as channels or cracks between the wellbore and the formation. With the help of the wellhead cable blowout prevention device, the bridge plug and perforation pipe string are lowered to a certain depth of the well by self-weight by cable transportation. Then, the bridge-shooting joint pipe string is pumped to the target layer by the pressure difference thrust generated by the fluid flowing through the gap between the pipe string and the casing according to the designed pumping displacement program through the cooperation of the fracturing pump truck and the logging winch. After depth calibration and positioning, the ground control system establishes communication with the downhole selective firing controller, addresses and fires selectively to complete the bridge plug setting, and then the perforating gun string is raised to perform downhole addressing and intelligent selective firing at the designed perforation section to complete the perforation. As a main technology for staged fracturing transformation of unconventional storage, this process has been promoted and applied to hundreds of wells in shale oil and tight oil blocks in Daqing Oilfield, and has gradually matured and improved in large-scale applications.

[0003] Directed perforation can reduce flow restriction and friction pressure during fracturing operations, thus forming wider fractures, allowing the use of larger-sized and higher-concentration proppants, and combined with the use of fracturing fluids with lower viscosity and less damage, the fracture conductivity can be improved. In formations with poor consolidation and large stress differences, perforating in the appropriate direction can maximize the stability of the perforation channels in the formation, thereby reducing the amount of sand produced. In addition, some special wells also use directional perforation to prevent damage to downhole completion equipment, such as wells with special requirements such as the direction of the jet avoiding the optical fiber inserted into the outer wall of the casing in the well.

[0004] In the construction of directional bridge shooting, it is necessary to ensure that the direction of the perforating bullet jet meets the design requirements. At present, the direction of the perforating bullet can only be set up and detected on the ground. When the perforating gun enters the horizontal section of the well, it is impossible to detect the direction of the perforating bullet launch port at this time. If the perforating direction is wrong, the fracturing effect will be affected, or there is a risk of breaking the optical fiber during the perforating construction of some permanent optical fiber wells outside the casing. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention discloses a horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device and a perforating method, so as to solve the problem that when performing perforating operations in the horizontal section underground, obstacles are blocked in the well or the mechanism responsible for internal direction adjustment fails, and it is impossible to detect whether the perforating gun is oriented correctly underground at this time, resulting in the firing port of the perforating gun not accurately facing the perforating direction, resulting in wrong perforation.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device is provided, comprising: a directional perforating gun, a directional bomb rack, a perforating bomb, a selective firing module, a dip detection module, and a counterweight;

[0007] The perforating bullet is fixed on the directional bullet rack, and the directional bullet rack and the selective firing module are located inside the directional perforating gun;

[0008] The counterweight is mounted on the side wall of the directional bomb rack. When the counterweight is located below the directional bomb rack, the launch port of the perforating bullet faces the perforating direction.

[0009] The top end of the directional perforating gun is connected to a gun head, and the directional bomb rack is connected to the gun head through a rotating conduction mechanism, and the rotating conduction mechanism is used to enable the directional bomb rack to rotate along the axis while being connected to the gun head;

[0010] The inclination detection module is installed on the side wall of the directional bomb rack near the bottom and is in the same straight line as the counterweight body. The inclination detection module is used to detect the direction of the perforator bullet launch port;

[0011] The selective firing module is connected to the ground controller through the rotating conduction mechanism, and the selective firing module is respectively connected to the inclination detection module and the perforating bullet;

[0012] The bottom end of the directional perforating gun is connected to a bridge plug setting tool, and the bridge plug setting tool is connected to the firing selection module.

[0013] Preferably, the tilt detection module comprises: a three-axis acceleration sensor;

[0014] The triaxial acceleration sensor is installed on the side wall of the directional bomb rack, below the counterweight and close to the bottom of the directional bomb rack;

[0015] When the directional bomb stand is in a vertical state, the three-axis acceleration sensor is in a horizontal state.

[0016] Preferably, the selective firing module comprises: an electronic selective firing switch, an electric detonator and a penetration wire;

[0017] The electronic selective firing switch is located near the bottom of the directional perforating gun, one end of the penetration line is connected to the electronic selective firing switch, and the other end is connected to the rotating conduction mechanism after being wound along the directional bomb rack;

[0018] The electronic selective firing switch is connected to the electric detonator through a detonating wire, and the electric detonator is connected to the perforating bomb through a detonating cord;

[0019] The input end of the electronic selective switch is connected to the inclination detection module.

[0020] Preferably, the rotary conduction mechanism comprises: a directional bearing, a soft contact joint and a copper contact shaft;

[0021] The soft contact joint is installed on the gun head, the outer ring of the directional bearing is connected to the inner wall of the directional perforating gun, and the directional bearing is located below the gun head;

[0022] The bottom surface of the inner ring of the directional bearing is connected to the top of the directional bomb frame, and the copper contact shaft is fixed in the middle of the inner ring of the directional bearing;

[0023] The top end of the copper contact shaft contacts the soft contact joint, and the bottom end of the copper contact shaft is connected to the hair selection module.

[0024] Preferably, the soft contact connector comprises: a first contact, a second contact, a main body and an elastic member;

[0025] The interior of the main body is hollow, and the top and bottom ends thereof are respectively provided with through holes;

[0026] The elastic member is fixed inside the main body, the top end of the elastic member is connected to one end of the first contact, and the other end of the first contact passes through the through hole at the top end of the main body and is connected to the ground controller through a line;

[0027] The bottom end of the elastic member is connected to one end of the second contact, and the other end of the second contact passes through the through hole at the bottom end of the main body and contacts the top end of the copper contact shaft.

[0028] Preferably, it also includes: a magnetic locator;

[0029] The magnetic locator is connected to the top of the gun head and is used to detect the downhole position of the directional perforating gun.

[0030] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating method is provided, comprising:

[0031] Check whether the launch port of the perforating bullet is facing the perforating direction when the counterweight is located below the directional bullet rack. If not, readjust the installation position of the counterweight on the directional bullet rack.

[0032] The directional perforating gun is transported to the vertical well section with a well inclination of 45° in the target well by cable transportation. When the directional perforating gun reaches the setting position in the vertical well section, transportation is stopped and the ground controller controls the bridge plug setting tool to start ignition and set the bridge plug.

[0033] The directional perforating gun is lifted up by the cable. When the directional perforating gun reaches the predetermined perforating layer in the vertical well section, the lifting is stopped. The ground controller controls the inclination detection module to start and detect whether the perforating charge launch port is facing the perforating direction. If not, it means that the position of the counterweight body is not below the directional perforating gun at this time. Then, the position of the counterweight body is readjusted until the perforating charge launch port is facing the perforating direction.

[0034] The ground controller sends a perforating signal to the selective firing module, and the selective firing module controls the ignition and firing of the perforating bullet to complete the perforating operation.

[0035] Preferably, the method for re-adjusting the position of the counterweight body comprises:

[0036] The directional perforating gun is first lifted up to a predetermined distance and then lowered back to the perforating layer;

[0037] The inclination detection module is used to detect whether the launch port of the perforating charge is facing the perforating direction. If not, the operation of lifting up a predetermined distance and then lowering to the perforating layer is repeated until the inclination detection module detects that the launch port is facing the perforating direction and stops.

[0038] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The present invention proposes a horizontal bridge-shot directional perforating device and a perforating method. By setting an inclination detection module and a counterweight, the direction of the launch port of the perforating bullet can be detected before perforating in the well, and the perforating operation can be performed after the direction of the perforating bullet is determined. This can prevent the damage of the optical fiber and other equipment in the well caused by the wrong perforation, ensure the accuracy of perforation, reduce the number of repeated tripping operations, improve work efficiency, and reduce work intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification. These drawings illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure together with the specification.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a horizontal section bridge-type directional perforating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0042] In the figure, 1-gun head, 2-directional bearing, 3-directional bomb rack, 4-perforating bullet, 5-directional perforating gun, 6-counterweight, 7-penetration line, 8-three-axis acceleration sensor, 9-electric detonator, 10-electronic selective switch, 12-main body, 22-bridge plug setting tool, 23-bridge plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent elements with the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise specified.

[0044] The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, example, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0045] The term "and / or" herein is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the term "at least one" herein represents any combination of at least two of any one or more of a plurality of. For example, including at least one of A, B, and C can represent including any one or more elements selected from the set consisting of A, B, and C.

[0046] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present disclosure, numerous specific details are given in the following specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure can also be implemented without certain specific details. In some examples, methods, means, components and circuits well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the subject matter of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of a horizontal section bridge-type directional perforating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 As shown, a horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device comprises: a directional perforating gun 5, a directional bomb rack 3, a perforating bullet 4, a firing selection module, a tilt detection module and a counterweight 6; the perforating bullet 4 is fixed on the directional bomb rack 3, and the directional bomb rack 3 and the firing selection module are located inside the directional perforating gun 5; the counterweight 6 is installed on the side wall of the directional bomb rack 3, and when the counterweight 6 is located below the directional bomb rack 3, the firing port of the perforating bullet 4 faces the perforating direction; the top of the directional perforating gun 5 is connected to a gun head 1, and the directional bomb rack 3 is connected to the gun head 1 through a rotating conduction mechanism. The rotary conduction mechanism is used to enable the directional bomb rack 3 to rotate along the axis while being connected to the gun head 1; the inclination detection module is installed on the side wall of the directional bomb rack 3 near the bottom and is in the same straight line as the counterweight body 6, and the inclination detection module is used to detect the direction of the launch port of the perforating bullet 4; the selective firing module is connected to the ground controller through the rotary conduction mechanism, and the selective firing module is respectively connected to the inclination detection module and the perforating bullet 4; the bottom end of the directional perforating gun 5 is connected to the bridge plug setting tool 22, and the bridge plug setting tool 22 is connected to the selective firing module.

[0048] In the disclosed embodiment, during perforation, the directional perforating gun 5 is lowered into a vertical well section with a well inclination of 45° through a cable, and the lowering is stopped when the predetermined well depth is reached. A signal is sent through the ground controller, and after passing through the selection module, the bridge plug setting tool 22 is controlled to ignite and set the bridge plug 23. After the bridge plug 23 is set, the directional perforating gun 5 is lifted up and stops when it reaches the perforating position.

[0049] After entering the 45° well section, the directional perforating gun 5 is also in an inclined state. Due to the effect of gravity, the counterweight 6 in the directional perforating gun 5 moves downward, and because the directional bullet frame 3 is connected to the gun head 1 through a rotating conduction mechanism, the counterweight 6 moves downward and drives the directional bullet frame 3 to rotate along the axis until the counterweight 6 rotates to be below the directional bullet frame 3. At this time, the direction in which the launch port of the perforating bullet 4 is aligned should be the perforating direction in the well.

[0050] Under normal circumstances, the counterweight 6 cooperates with the rotating conduction mechanism to ensure that the perforating bullet 4 is oriented in the correct direction. However, sometimes, the rotating conduction mechanism may get stuck or the internal line may entangle and squeeze the directional bullet frame 3, causing the directional bullet frame 3 to be unable to rotate normally. At this time, if perforating is performed directly, perforating errors will occur.

[0051] After the directional perforating gun 5 is lowered into the well, the inclination detection module will detect the direction of the firing port of the perforating bullet 4 in the directional perforating gun 5 in real time, and transmit it to the ground controller through the selection module. The ground controller determines whether the firing port direction of the perforating gun corresponds to the perforating direction at this time; if not, perforating cannot be performed. At this time, the directional perforating gun 5 is lifted up a predetermined distance by the cable, and then lowered to the perforating position again. The lifting and lowering operations are repeated several times to adjust the position of the directional perforating gun 5 and its internal directional bullet rack 3.

[0052] If the inclination detection module detects that the launch port of the perforating bullet 4 is aligned with the perforating direction, a signal is sent to the selective firing module through the ground controller, and the selective firing module controls the ignition and detonation of the perforating gun to complete the perforating operation.

[0053] In the present disclosure, the inclination detection module includes: a three-axis acceleration sensor 8; the three-axis acceleration sensor 8 is installed on the side wall of the directional bomb rack 3, and is located below the counterweight 6 and close to the bottom of the directional bomb rack 3; when the directional bomb rack 3 is in a vertical state, the three-axis acceleration sensor 8 is in a horizontal state.

[0054] In the disclosed embodiment, the triaxial acceleration sensor 8 includes a MEMS sensor and a SOC circuit; the MEMS sensor is connected to an impedance matching circuit, which is used to increase or decrease the output impedance to match the power transmission standard impedance. The impedance matching circuit is connected to a differential conversion circuit, which is used to convert a single-ended signal into a differential signal, which can improve the common mode rejection ratio and effectively reduce the influence of the common mode signal. The MEMS sensor has a built-in temperature sensor for temperature compensation.

[0055] The MEMS sensor is connected to the SOC circuit, which integrates a microcontroller C8051F350, an analog-to-digital converter, a programmable gain amplifier, and a digital extraction filter. The analog-to-digital converter is connected to the differential conversion circuit and the digital extraction filter, and the digital extraction filter is connected to the LCD display through a serial interface; the analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the analog signal into a digital signal and transmit it to the LCD display through a digital filter for display. The SOC circuit is connected to the MEMS sensor through the SPI interface, and the SPI interface is used for temperature acquisition of the MEMS sensor.

[0056] The triaxial acceleration sensor 8 is fixed on the directional bomb rack 3. When the directional bomb rack 3 is in a vertical state, the axis of the perforating bullet 4 in the rack is in a horizontal state. At this time, the chip in the MEMS sensor is in a horizontal static state. When in a horizontal static state, the gravity components of the chip in the X and Y directions are 0g, and the gravity component in the Z-axis direction is g. At the same time, the X-axis direction of the triaxial acceleration sensor 8 chip is parallel to the axis of the perforating bullet 4.

[0057] When the directional perforating gun 5 is lowered into the well section with a 45° inclination, the directional bomb frame 3 tilts, driving the MEMS sensor chip of the three-axis acceleration sensor 8 to tilt; when the directional bomb frame 3 rotates along the axis due to the gravity of the counterweight 6, the MEMS sensor chip of the three-axis acceleration sensor 8 also rotates at the same time. When the MEMS sensor chip moves, the angles between its X, Y, and Z axes and the direction of gravity g are detected respectively, so that the displacement change of the three-axis acceleration sensor 8 can be obtained. Because the three-axis acceleration sensor 8 and the perforating bullet 4 are both fixed on the directional bomb frame 3, the X-axis of the MEMS sensor chip is parallel to the axis of the perforating bullet 4, so the position direction of the launch port of the perforating bullet 4 can be obtained.

[0058] After the triaxial acceleration sensor 8 is started, the detected data is transmitted to the ground controller through the selective firing module. After the ground controller determines that the firing port of the perforating bullet 4 is facing the perforating direction according to the detected position information of the perforating bullet 4, it sends a signal to the selective firing module to control the firing of the perforating bullet 4 to complete the perforating.

[0059] In the present disclosure, the firing selection module includes: an electronic firing selection switch 10, an electric detonator 9 and a penetration line 7; the electronic firing selection switch 10 is located near the bottom of the directional perforating gun 5, one end of the penetration line 7 is connected to the electronic firing selection switch 10, and the other end is connected to the rotating conduction mechanism after being wound along the directional bomb rack 3; the electronic firing selection switch 10 is connected to the electric detonator 9 through a detonating wire, and the electric detonator 9 is connected to the perforating bomb 4 through a detonating cord; the input end of the electronic firing selection switch 10 is connected to the inclination detection module.

[0060] In the disclosed embodiment, the electronic selective firing switch 10 includes: a main control chip MCU; the main control chip is respectively connected to a power management module, a detonator detection circuit, a detonator detonation circuit, a communication circuit and a tilt detection module.

[0061] The power management module includes the power management chip CBM1117C-ADJ and peripheral circuits. The power management module is connected to the ground power supply and is used to convert the ground input power voltage into 3V-10V and transmit it to the main control chip to provide power for the operation of electronic equipment such as the main control chip.

[0062] The main control chip is connected to the detonator detection circuit, the detonator detection circuit is connected to the electric detonator 9, and the electric detonator 9 is connected to the perforating bullet 4; the detonator detection circuit is used to detect the connection between the electric detonator 9 and the main control chip.

[0063] The main control chip is connected to the detonator detonation circuit, and the detonator detonation circuit is respectively connected to the electric detonator 9 and the power supply; when detonating the perforating gun, the ground controller sends a perforating signal to the main control chip. After receiving the perforating signal, the main control chip sends an instruction to the detonator detonation circuit to make the detonator detonation circuit output a large current to detonate the electric detonator 9, and detonate the perforating bullet 4 through the electric detonator 9.

[0064] If the directional perforating gun 5 is a multi-stage directional perforating gun 5, that is, the bottom of the upper stage directional perforating gun 5 is connected to the lower stage directional perforating gun 5 through an intermediate joint, the main control chip of the firing module in the upper stage directional perforating gun 5 is connected to the firing module in the lower stage directional perforating gun 5 through a communication switch circuit. When the upper stage directional perforating gun 5 completes perforating, the ground controller sends a conduction signal to the main control chip, and the main control chip controls the communication switch circuit to close, connecting the circuit between the firing modules of the upper and lower stage perforating guns, so that the ground controller can send a signal to the firing module of the lower stage perforating gun to control perforating.

[0065] The main control chip is connected to the ground controller through the communication circuit; after the three-axis acceleration sensor 8 is started, the detected data is transmitted to the main control chip through the communication circuit of the selection module, and the main control chip transmits it to the ground controller. The ground controller determines that the launch port of the perforating bullet 4 is facing the perforating direction based on the detected position information of the perforating bullet 4, and then sends a perforating signal to the main control chip. After receiving the perforating signal, the main control chip sends an instruction to the detonator detonation circuit to make the detonator detonation circuit output a large current to detonate the electric detonator 9, and the perforating bullet 4 is detonated by the electric detonator 9.

[0066] In the present disclosure, the rotating conduction mechanism includes: a directional bearing 2, a soft contact joint and a copper contact shaft; the soft contact joint is installed on the gun head 1, the outer ring of the directional bearing 2 is connected to the inner wall of the directional perforating gun 5, and the position of the directional bearing 2 is below the gun head 1; the bottom surface of the inner ring of the directional bearing 2 is connected to the top of the directional bomb rack 3, and the copper contact shaft is fixed in the middle of the inner ring of the directional bearing 2; the top end of the copper contact shaft is in contact with the soft contact joint, and the bottom end of the copper contact shaft is connected to the selection module.

[0067] In the disclosed embodiment, the soft contact joint is connected to the ground controller through a line. The soft contact joint contacts the copper contact shaft, which is connected to one end of the through-line 7, and the other end of the through-line 7 is connected to the main control chip; when the ground controller sends a signal to the main control chip of the selection module, the signal will be transmitted to the soft contact joint through the line, and then transmitted to the main control chip after passing through the copper contact shaft and the through-line 7 in contact with it.

[0068] The inner and outer rings of the directional bearing 2 are respectively connected to the directional perforating gun 5 and the directional bomb rack 3, so that the directional bomb rack 3 can rotate along the axis while being fixed inside the directional perforating gun 5. It is convenient to cooperate with the counterweight 6 to adjust the direction of the launch port of the perforating bullet 4. When the directional bomb rack 3 drives the inner ring of the directional bearing 2 to rotate due to the gravity of the counterweight 6, the copper contact shaft installed in the middle of the inner ring can maintain contact with the soft contact connector above while rotating, so that the circuit is always connected. Thereby, it can prevent the through-line 7 of the selective firing module from being damaged due to the frequent rotation of the directional bomb rack 3 when it directly passes through the gun head 1 to connect to the ground controller, or the directional bomb rack 3 and the through-line 7 are entangled, causing the directional bomb rack 3 to be stuck in rotation or unable to rotate into place.

[0069] In the present disclosure, the soft contact connector includes: a first contact, a second contact, a main body 12 and an elastic member; the main body 12 is hollow inside, and has through holes at the top and bottom respectively; the elastic member is fixed inside the main body 12, the top of the elastic member is connected to one end of the first contact, the other end of the first contact passes through the through hole at the top of the main body 12, and is connected to the ground controller through a line; the bottom end of the elastic member is connected to one end of the second contact, the other end of the second contact passes through the through hole at the bottom of the main body 12, and contacts with the top of the copper contact shaft.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the second contact contacts the copper contact shaft, the elastic member inside the body 12 is in a compressed state. The elastic member is used to push the first contact and the second contact out of the body 12, keeping the other end of the first contact and the other end of the second contact outside the body 12.

[0071] If the inside of the gun head 1 is directly in contact with the copper contact shaft through a hard joint and is energized, when the directional perforating gun 5 is lowered into the well for perforating, collision and impact may cause vibration of the directional bearing 2, the gun head 1 and other components in the directional perforating gun 5, resulting in the disconnection of the hard joint inside the gun head 1 and the copper contact shaft of the directional bearing 2. By providing an elastic member, the second contact can always fit the copper contact shaft, ensuring the stability of the circuit connection.

[0072] The present disclosure also includes: a magnetic locator; the magnetic locator is connected to the top of the gun head 1 and is used to detect the downhole position of the directional perforating gun 5.

[0073] In the disclosed embodiment, the magnetic locator is connected to the ground controller via a line to detect the location of the directional perforating gun in the well and transmit it to the controller. When the controller determines that the directional perforating gun 5 has reached the predetermined perforating position, it controls the lowering to stop.

[0074] The present disclosure proposes a horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating method, comprising: step 1: checking whether the launch port of the perforating bullet 4 is facing the perforating direction when the counterweight body 6 is located below the directional bullet frame 3. If not, readjusting the installation position of the counterweight body 6 on the directional bullet frame 3.

[0075] Step 2: Use cable transportation to transport the horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device to the vertical well section with a well inclination of 45 degrees in the target well. When it is determined that the horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device reaches the setting position in the vertical well section, the transportation is stopped, and the ground controller controls the bridge plug setting tool 22 to start igniting the bridge plug 23.

[0076] In the disclosed embodiment, during the downhole process, the magnetic locator detects the position of the directional perforating gun 5 in the well and transmits it to the ground controller. The ground controller determines that when the directional perforating gun 5 is in the predetermined sealing position, the control cable stops being lowered and sends a sealing signal to the selection module. The selection module controls the bridge plug sealing tool 22 to start igniting the bridge plug 23.

[0077] Step 3: Use the cable to lift the directional perforating gun 5. When it is determined that the directional perforating gun 5 reaches the predetermined perforating layer in the vertical well section, the lifting is stopped. The ground controller controls the inclination detection module to start and detect whether the launch port of the perforating bullet 4 is facing the perforating direction. If not, it means that the position of the counterweight body 6 is not below the directional perforating gun 5 at this time. Then, the position of the counterweight body 6 is readjusted until the launch port of the perforating bullet 4 faces the perforating direction.

[0078] In the present disclosure, the method for re-adjusting the position of the counterweight body 6 includes: first lifting the directional perforating gun 5 by a predetermined distance, and then lowering it to the perforating layer; using the inclination detection module to detect whether the launch port of the perforating bullet 4 is facing the perforating direction, if not, repeating the operation of lifting it by a predetermined distance and then lowering it to the perforating layer until the inclination detection module detects that the launch port is facing the perforating direction and stops.

[0079] In the disclosed embodiment, after the bridge plug 23 is set, the directional perforating gun 5 is lifted, and the magnetic locator detects that the directional perforating gun 5 has reached the predetermined perforating position and stops. After entering the well section with a well inclination of 45°, the counterweight 6 moves downward due to gravity, and the directional bomb rack 3 rotates along the axis through the cooperation of the directional bearing 2 until the counterweight 6 rotates to be below the directional bomb rack 3. At this time, the direction in which the launch port of the perforating bullet 4 is aligned should be the perforating direction in the well.

[0080] During the rotation of the directional bomb rack 3, the three-axis acceleration sensor 8 will detect the angle between its three axes and the gravity direction in real time, and transmit it to the ground controller through the main control chip of the selection module. The ground controller determines the displacement of the directional bomb rack 3 based on the data detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor 8, thereby obtaining the direction of the launch port of the perforating bullet 4.

[0081] The ground controller determines whether the firing port of the perforating gun is in the direction corresponding to the perforating direction at this time; if not, perforating cannot be performed. At this time, the directional perforating gun 5 is lifted up by the cable to a predetermined distance, and then lowered to the perforating position again. The lifting and lowering operations are repeated several times to adjust the position of the directional perforating gun 5 and its internal directional bomb rack 3.

[0082] Step 4: The ground controller sends a perforating signal to the selective firing module, and the selective firing module controls the perforating bullet 4 to ignite and fire, completing the perforating operation.

[0083] In the disclosed embodiment, if the ground controller determines that the launch port of the perforating bullet 4 is aligned with the perforating direction, a perforating signal is sent to the selective firing module, and the selective firing module controls the ignition and detonation of the perforating gun to complete the perforating operation.

[0084] The present invention provides a counterweight body 6 and a directional bullet holder 3 that can rotate in a directional perforating gun 5, so that the perforating bullet 4 can be automatically adjusted in the downhole position to keep it facing the perforating direction. By providing an inclination detection module, the direction of the launch port of the perforating bullet 4 can be accurately detected in a vertical well section with a well inclination of 45°, thereby ensuring the accuracy of perforation. This avoids the problems of perforation failure, repeated tripping, affecting the subsequent fracturing effect, and the breaking of the optical fiber outside the casing due to the wrong perforation direction. This improves the construction efficiency of the perforating operation and saves construction costs.

[0085] It can be understood that the above-mentioned various method embodiments mentioned in the present disclosure can be combined with each other to form a combined embodiment without violating the principle logic. Due to space limitations, the present disclosure will not go into details.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in the above method of specific implementation, the order in which the steps are written does not imply a strict execution order and does not constitute any limitation on the implementation process. The specific execution order of the steps should be determined by their functions and possible internal logic.

[0087] The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or technical improvements in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device, characterized in that: include: A directional perforating gun (5), a directional bomb rack (3), a perforating bomb (4), a firing selection module, a tilt detection module, and a counterweight (6); The perforating bullet (4) is fixed on the directional bullet rack (3), and the directional bullet rack (3) and the firing selection module are located inside the directional perforating gun (5); The counterweight body (6) is mounted on a side wall of the directional bomb rack (3); when the counterweight body (6) is located below the directional bomb rack (3), the launch port of the perforating bullet (4) faces the perforating direction; The top end of the directional perforating gun (5) is connected to a gun head (1), and the directional bomb rack (3) is connected to the gun head (1) via a rotating conduction mechanism, wherein the rotating conduction mechanism is used to enable the directional bomb rack (3) to rotate along an axis while being connected to the gun head (1); The inclination detection module is installed on the side wall of the directional bomb rack (3) near the bottom and is in the same straight line as the counterweight (6). The inclination detection module is used to detect the direction of the launch port of the perforating bullet (4); The firing selection module is connected to the ground controller via the rotating conduction mechanism, and the firing selection module is respectively connected to the inclination detection module and the perforating bullet (4); the inclination detection module comprises: a three-axis acceleration sensor (8); when the directional bomb rack (3) is in a vertical state, the three-axis acceleration sensor (8) is in a horizontal state; the three-axis acceleration sensor comprises a MEMS sensor inside, and when the directional bomb rack is in a vertical state, the chip inside the MEMS sensor is in a horizontal static state; when the directional bomb rack is tilted, the MEMS sensor chip of the three-axis acceleration sensor is driven to tilt, and the MEMS sensor is in a horizontal static state. When the sensor chip moves, the angles between its X, Y, and Z axes and the direction of gravity g are detected respectively. The X axis of the MEMS sensor chip is parallel to the axis of the perforator bullet, so that the position and direction of the perforator bullet launch port can be obtained; the MEMS sensor is connected to the impedance matching circuit, the impedance matching circuit is connected to the differential conversion circuit, and the MEMS sensor has a built-in temperature sensor; the three-axis acceleration sensor also includes a SOC circuit; the SOC circuit includes a microcontroller C8051F350, an analog-to-digital converter, a programmable gain amplifier, and a digital extraction filter; the SOC circuit is connected to the MEMS sensor through an SPI interface; The bottom end of the directional perforating gun (5) is connected to a bridge plug setting tool (22), and the bridge plug setting tool (22) is connected to the firing selection module; the firing selection module comprises: an electronic firing selection switch (10), an electric detonator (9) and a penetration line (7); the electronic firing selection switch comprises: a main control chip MCU; the main control chip is respectively connected to a power management module, a detonator detection circuit, a detonator detonation circuit, a communication circuit and a dip detection module; During perforating, a directional perforating gun is lowered into a vertical well section with a well inclination of 45° via a cable.

2. The horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-axis acceleration sensor (8) is mounted on the side wall of the directional bomb rack (3), and is located below the counterweight (6) and close to the bottom of the directional bomb rack (3).

3. The horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electronic selective firing switch (10) is located near the bottom of the directional perforating gun (5); one end of the penetration wire (7) is connected to the electronic selective firing switch (10), and the other end is connected to the rotating conduction mechanism after being wound along the directional bomb rack (3); The electronic selective firing switch (10) is connected to the electric detonator (9) via a detonating wire, and the electric detonator (9) is connected to the perforating bullet (4) via a detonating cord; The input end of the electronic selective switch (10) is connected to the inclination detection module.

4. The horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotary conduction mechanism comprises: a directional bearing (2), a soft contact joint and a copper contact shaft; The soft contact joint is installed on the gun head (1), the outer ring of the directional bearing (2) is connected to the inner wall of the directional perforating gun (5), and the directional bearing (2) is located below the gun head (1); The bottom surface of the inner ring of the directional bearing (2) is connected to the top of the directional bomb frame (3), and the copper contact shaft is fixed in the middle of the inner ring of the directional bearing (2); The top end of the copper contact shaft contacts the soft contact joint, and the bottom end of the copper contact shaft is connected to the hair selection module.

5. The horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The soft contact joint comprises: a first contact, a second contact, a main body (12) and an elastic member; The main body (12) is hollow inside, and has through holes at the top and bottom respectively; The elastic member is fixed inside the main body (12), the top end of the elastic member is connected to one end of the first contact, and the other end of the first contact passes through a through hole at the top end of the main body (12) and is connected to a ground controller via a line; The bottom end of the elastic member is connected to one end of the second contact, and the other end of the second contact passes through a through hole at the bottom end of the main body (12) and contacts the top end of the copper contact shaft.

6. The horizontal section bridge-shot directional perforating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: Magnetic locator; The magnetic locator is connected to the top of the gun head (1) and is used to detect the downhole position of the directional perforating gun (5).

7. The perforating method of the horizontal section bridge perforating device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: Check whether the launch port of the perforating bullet is facing the perforating direction when the counterweight is located below the directional bullet rack. If not, readjust the installation position of the counterweight on the directional bullet rack. The directional perforating gun is transported to the vertical well section with a well inclination of 45° in the target well by cable transportation. When the directional perforating gun reaches the setting position in the vertical well section, transportation is stopped and the ground controller controls the bridge plug setting tool to start ignition and set the bridge plug. The directional perforating gun is lifted up by the cable. When the directional perforating gun reaches the predetermined perforating layer in the vertical well section, the lifting is stopped. The ground controller controls the inclination detection module to start and detect whether the perforating charge launch port is facing the perforating direction. If not, it means that the position of the counterweight body is not below the directional perforating gun at this time. Then, the position of the counterweight body is readjusted until the perforating charge launch port is facing the perforating direction. The ground controller sends a perforating signal to the selective firing module, and the selective firing module controls the ignition and firing of the perforating bullet to complete the perforating operation.

8. The perforating method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for re-adjusting the position of the counterweight body comprises: The directional perforating gun is first lifted up to a predetermined distance and then lowered back to the perforating layer; The inclination detection module is used to detect whether the launch port of the perforating charge is facing the perforating direction. If not, the operation of lifting up a predetermined distance and then lowering to the perforating layer is repeated until the inclination detection module detects that the launch port is facing the perforating direction and stops.

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