A low-damage crop retrieval mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-loss crop picking mechanism, which includes a frame and a picker, a conveying mechanism and an agitator mechanism arranged in sequence in front and back; the conveying mechanism includes at least two groups of circulating components arranged in parallel and a plurality of cross bars spanning between the circulating components; the conveying mechanism also includes an outer shell arranged around the circulating components, and an air intake device connected to a fan is installed in the outer shell; the upper end of the outer shell has an open portion, and a gap obliquely facing backward is formed between the cross bars of the open portion; the lower front side of the outer shell has a material outlet; the material outlet is connected to a transverse conveying unit. The seeds dropped during the material conveying process can fall into the outer shell and be pushed by the lower cross bar to enter the transverse conveying unit from the material outlet for aggregation, so that the seeds dropped during the picking process can be collected and gathered. The airflow blown out from the gap can not only help the material to move backward, but also prevent impurities from entering the outer shell, thereby completing the preliminary cleaning of the dropped seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural harvesting machinery, and in particular to a low-loss crop picking mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In agriculture, some crops need to be harvested in sections. For example, rapeseed needs to be harvested and spread out in the field for drying, and then picked up and harvested after drying. Picking up and harvesting is a key link in the segmented harvesting operation. The picking spring teeth of the picker rotate in the opposite direction of the forward direction under the power drive. The material to be picked up is transported to the feeding auger under the joint action of the forward push of the picker and the spring teeth, and enters the threshing drum and the cleaning chamber through the conveying trough, completing the entire picking and harvesting operation. As a key operating component of the picker harvester, the performance of the picker has a crucial impact on the quality and efficiency of the picker and combine harvester operation.

[0003] In the prior art, an auger mechanism is generally set directly behind the picker to collect and transport the materials backward. This solution has the following defects: the distance between the rotating area of ​​the picking spring teeth of the picker and the feeding area of ​​the cutting table auger is too short. When the crop laying density and thickness are large, the crops picked up by the spring teeth will collide with the feeding auger in a short time. Since the linear speed direction of the upper blade of the auger is opposite to the movement speed direction of the crops picked up by the spring teeth, it is more likely to cause an increase in the number of material hits and blockage. This situation is more obvious when the operating speed is fast, so this structure will affect the efficiency of crop picking and harvesting to a certain extent. In order to solve this defect, the applicant's prior application CN207235493U discloses a two-stage picker. By adding a conveyor belt, the feeding height of the crop is lowered, which solves the problem of unsmooth feeding of the crop into the auger. However, grains will fall during the transportation of the crop. This link increases the transportation distance and transportation time of the crop, and there will be more seed loss during the process. In addition, although the picker shown in patent CN215122242U can achieve a better picking effect than the above-mentioned prior application, in the picker, the grains are easily lost by falling through the gaps in the shield, and it is also necessary to take measures to reduce the loss rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a low-loss crop picking mechanism that can effectively reduce crop seed losses during transportation.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a low-damage crop picking mechanism, which includes a frame and a picker, a conveying mechanism and a auger mechanism arranged in sequence in front and behind the frame; the conveying mechanism includes at least two sets of circulating components arranged in parallel and a plurality of crossbars spanning between the circulating components;

[0006] The conveying mechanism further comprises a shell portion arranged around the circulation assembly, wherein an air intake device connected to a fan is installed in the shell portion; an upper end of the shell portion has an open portion, and a gap obliquely facing backward is formed between the cross bars located in the open portion;

[0007] The front side of the lower end of the shell portion is provided with a material outlet;

[0008] The material outlet is connected to a transverse conveying unit.

[0009] Furthermore, the circulation component includes a chain and two sprockets arranged in front and rear. Among the two sprockets, one sprocket is a driving wheel and the other is a driven wheel; the chain is arranged around the two sprockets.

[0010] Furthermore, the crossbar is a parallelogram tubular structure, and both ends of one side of the tube wall have outwardly extending fixing parts, the fixing parts are fixed on the chain, and the crossbar extends from the tube wall where the fixing parts are located to the inside of the outer shell. In this way, an inclined gap can be formed between adjacent crossbars to guide the airflow.

[0011] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism is located between the bottom end of the pickup and the bottom end of the auger mechanism, and the height of the conveying mechanism is lower than the height of the pickup and the auger mechanism. Preferably, the height of the pickup is not less than twice the height of the conveying mechanism, and the height of the auger mechanism is greater than the height of the pickup, so that part of the material ejected by the pickup will not be ejected outside the auger mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer shell has two parallel side panels; the air intake device includes a plurality of air pipes erected between the two side panels and extending into the inner part of the outer shell, the ends of all the air pipes are connected to a main pipeline, and the main pipeline is connected to a fan; densely arranged air outlet holes are formed on the air pipe. In this way, a relatively uniform overflow airflow can be formed at the upper open part of the outer shell.

[0013] When the picking operation is carried out, the circulation component operates, so that the crossbar located on the upper chain segment of the chain moves backward to transport the material picked up by the picker backward. The fan introduces high-pressure airflow into the outer shell through the air inlet. Therefore, airflow overflows from the gaps between the crossbars at the upper end surface of the outer shell. Since the gaps are inclined obliquely backward, the overflowing airflow also blows out obliquely backward. The overflowing airflow can assist the material to move backward and enter the auger mechanism; in the process of the conveying mechanism transporting the material, the airflow overflowing from the above gaps can exert a certain force on the cracked pods, reducing the probability of their continued falling. Some of the fallen grains will fall through the gaps to the bottom of the outer shell. The crossbar operating at the bottom of the outer shell will push the grains that fall to the bottom of the outer shell forward, so that the grains flow out from the material outlet and fall into the lateral conveying unit. The lateral conveying unit will collect the grains horizontally and store them.

[0014] Furthermore, the lateral conveying unit is an auger conveying mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism is installed with a tilt such that the front is low and the rear is high, so as to facilitate the flow of the grains on the bottom side of the shell to the material outlet.

[0016] Furthermore, the picker includes a plurality of shields arranged in a linear array, with gaps between adjacent shields; it also includes a picking assembly, the picking assembly having a plurality of elastic tooth assemblies dispersed circumferentially, the elastic teeth on the elastic tooth assemblies being able to extend from the gaps; the shield is C-shaped, with a material collection trough fixed therein, the material collection trough extending downward from the middle of the shield along the extension direction of the shield, and its lower end is connected to the transverse conveying unit.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The low-damage crop picking mechanism of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The seeds that fall during the material conveying process can fall into the outer shell and be pushed by the lower horizontal bar to enter the lateral conveying unit from the material outlet, so that the seeds that fall during the picking process can be collected and gathered, effectively reducing the loss of seeds during the picking process. The airflow blown out from the gap can not only help the material to move backward, but also prevent impurities from entering the outer shell, completing the preliminary cleaning of the fallen seeds, so that the impurity rate of the seeds that fall into the outer shell is low.

[0019] (2) The conveying mechanism is changed to a chain rod type to avoid the deviation of the conveyor belt, and the power transmission is more stable; no tensioning mechanism is required, saving space.

[0020] (3) The low-loss crop picking mechanism of the present application is suitable for crops that need to be harvested in sections, such as rapeseed, beans, and some rice and wheat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The structural diagram of the low-damage crop picking mechanism;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a low-loss crop picking mechanism;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the structural diagram of the conveying mechanism;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged structure diagram of part A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the conveying mechanism;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the picker;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the shield.

[0028] In the figure: 1-pickup; 2-conveying mechanism; 11-shield; 12-elastic tooth assembly; 12a-elastic tooth; 13-collecting trough; 21-circulation assembly; 21a-chain; 21b-sprocket; 22-cross bar; 22a-fixing part; 23-housing part; 23a-side plate; 23b-material outlet; 24-main pipeline; 25-trachea; 3-auger mechanism; 4-frame; 5-lateral conveying unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1-2 The low-damage crop picking mechanism shown in the figure comprises a frame 4 and a picker 1, a conveying mechanism 2 and a auger mechanism 3 arranged in sequence in front and behind the frame; the conveying mechanism 2 comprises at least two sets of circulating components 21 arranged in parallel and a plurality of crossbars 22 spanning between the circulating components 21. Figure 3 As shown, the conveying mechanism 2 further includes a shell portion 23 arranged around the circulation component 21, and an air intake device connected to a fan is installed in the shell portion 23; the upper end of the shell portion 23 has an open portion, and a gap obliquely facing backward is formed between the cross bars 22 located in the open portion; the lower end front side of the shell portion 23 has a material outlet 23b; the material outlet 23b is connected to the transverse conveying unit 5. In the illustrated embodiment, the transverse conveying unit 5 is a auger conveying mechanism.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the circulation assembly 21 includes a chain 21a and two sprockets 21b arranged in front and rear. Among the two sprockets 21b, one sprocket 21b is a driving wheel and the other is a driven wheel; the chain 21a is arranged around the two sprockets 21b. The crossbar 22 is a parallelogram tubular structure, such as Figure 4 As shown, both ends of one side of the tube wall have outwardly extending fixing portions 22a, which are fixed to the chain 21a, and the crossbar 22 extends from the tube wall where the fixing portion 22a is located to the inside of the shell 23. In this way, an inclined gap can be formed between adjacent crossbars to guide the airflow.

[0032] The conveying mechanism 2 is located between the bottom end of the pickup 1 and the bottom end of the auger mechanism 3, and the height of the conveying mechanism 2 is lower than the height of the pickup 1 and the auger mechanism 3. Preferably, the height of the pickup 1 is not less than twice the height of the conveying mechanism 2, and the height of the auger mechanism 3 is greater than the height of the pickup 1, so that part of the material ejected by the pickup 1 will not be ejected outside the auger mechanism 3.

[0033] Preferably, the shell 23 has two parallel side panels 23a; the air intake device includes a plurality of air pipes 25 erected between the two side panels 23a and extending into the shell 23, the ends of all the air pipes 25 are connected to a main pipeline 24, and the main pipeline 24 is connected to a fan; densely arranged air outlet holes are formed on the air pipe 25. In this way, a relatively uniform overflow airflow can be formed at the upper open portion of the shell 23.

[0034] When the picking operation is performed, the circulation component 21 operates, so that the crossbar 22 located on the upper chain segment of the chain 21a moves backward to transport the material picked up by the picker 1 backward. The fan introduces high-pressure airflow into the shell 23 through the air inlet 23a, so that airflow overflows from the gaps between the crossbars 22 at the upper end surface of the shell 23. Since the gaps are tilted obliquely backward, the overflowing airflow is also blown obliquely backward, and the overflowing airflow can assist the material to move backward into the auger mechanism 3; in the process of transporting the material by the conveying mechanism 2, the airflow overflowing from the above gaps can exert a certain force on the cracked pods, reducing the probability of their continued falling. A part of the grains will fall to the bottom of the shell 23 through the gaps, and the crossbar 22 operating at the bottom of the shell 23 will push the grains that fall to the bottom of the shell 23 forward, so that the grains flow out from the material outlet 23b and fall into the lateral conveying unit 5, and the lateral conveying unit 5 will collect the grains horizontally and store them.

[0035] Preferably, the conveying mechanism is installed at an angle with the front lower and the rear higher, so as to facilitate the flow of the grains on the bottom side of the shell 23 to the material outlet 23b.

[0036] It can be seen that through the above scheme, the conveying mechanism 2 can convey materials on the one hand, and on the other hand, the seeds dropped during the material conveying process can fall into the outer shell 23 and be sent by the lower cross bar 22 from the material outlet 23b to the lateral conveying unit 5 for collection, so as to collect and gather the seeds dropped during the picking process, and effectively reduce the loss of seeds during the picking process. The airflow blown out from the gap can not only help the material to move backward, but also prevent impurities from entering the outer shell 23, complete the preliminary cleaning of the dropped seeds, and make the seeds dropped into the outer shell 23 have a low impurity content.

[0037] In addition, if Figure 6 As shown, the picker 1 includes a plurality of shields 11 arranged in a linear array, with gaps between adjacent shields 11; and also includes a pick-up assembly, the pick-up assembly having a plurality of elastic tooth assemblies 12 arranged in a circumferentially dispersed manner, and the elastic teeth 12a on the elastic tooth assemblies 12 can extend from the gaps; Figure 7As shown, the shield 11 is C-shaped, and a collection trough 13 is fixed therein. The collection trough 13 extends downward from the middle of the shield 11 along the extension direction of the shield 11, and its lower end is connected to the transverse conveying unit 5. The cross section of the collection trough 13 is U-shaped, and its overall width is wider than the shield 11. In this way, the collection trough 13 can catch the grains falling from the gap and guide the grains to the transverse conveying unit 5, further reducing the loss of grains.

[0038] In addition, the cross section of the shield 11 is an outwardly open U-shaped, that is, the outer side thereof has a U-shaped groove, and during the picking process, a portion of the fallen grains can roll backward along the U-shaped groove from the top of the shield 11 and fall to the conveying mechanism 2. During the picking process, the continuously picked crops move upward along the outer contour of the shield 11, so that part of the grains previously rolling along the U-shaped groove will be blocked by the picked crops and move backward with the picked crops, thereby reducing the grain loss of the picker 1 to a lower level.

[0039] In addition, by providing the conveying mechanism 2, the following advantages are achieved:

[0040] First, the distance between the picker 1 and the auger mechanism 3 can be increased. As the picker 1 moves forward, the distance between the pick-up area and the feeding area of ​​the auger mechanism 3 increases. The crop material has enough distance to complete the ejection movement after leaving the end of the pick-up toothed belt. The vertical distance between the end of the conveying mechanism 2 and the rotation axis of the auger mechanism 3 increases, and the angle between the crop movement speed direction and the auger blade linear speed direction is smaller, forming "low-point feeding", effectively reducing the obstruction of the feeding area, reducing the number of blade strikes on the crop, reducing losses, and improving feeding smoothness. Improve the movement smoothness of the entire material flow.

[0041] Second, the form of the conveying mechanism 2 is changed to a chain rod type, which avoids the deviation of the conveyor belt, and the power transmission is more stable; no tensioning mechanism is required, which saves space.

[0042] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-damage crop picking mechanism, comprising a frame (4) and a picker (1), a conveying mechanism (2) and an augers (3) arranged in sequence before and after the frame (4); the conveying mechanism (2) comprises at least two sets of circulating components (21) arranged in parallel and a plurality of cross bars (22) spanning between the circulating components (21); the characteristics are: The conveying mechanism (2) further comprises a shell portion (23) arranged around the circulation assembly (21), an air intake device connected to a fan being installed in the shell portion (23); an upper end of the shell portion (23) comprises an open portion, and a gap obliquely facing backward is formed between the cross bars (22) located in the open portion; The front side of the lower end of the shell portion (23) is provided with a material outlet (23b); The material outlet (23b) is connected to the transverse conveying unit (5); The conveying mechanism (2) is located between the bottom end of the pick-up (1) and the bottom end of the auger mechanism (3), and the height of the conveying mechanism (2) is lower than the heights of the pick-up (1) and the auger mechanism (3); The outer shell (23) has two side plates (23a) arranged in parallel; the air intake device comprises a plurality of air pipes (25) arranged between the two side plates (23a) and extending into the interior of the outer shell (23); the ends of all the air pipes (25) are connected to a main pipe (24), and the main pipe (24) is connected to a fan; and densely arranged air outlet holes are formed on the air pipe (25); The picker (1) comprises a plurality of shields (11) arranged in a linear array, with gaps between adjacent shields (11); and a pick-up assembly, wherein the pick-up assembly comprises a plurality of elastic tooth assemblies (12) arranged in a circumferentially dispersed manner, and the elastic teeth (12a) on the elastic tooth assemblies (12) are capable of extending from the gaps; the shield (11) is a C-shaped curved shape, and a collection trough (13) is fixed therein, wherein the collection trough (13) extends downward from the middle of the shield (11) along the extension direction of the shield (11), and its lower end is connected to the transverse conveying unit (5); the cross-section of the shield (11) is a U-shape open outward.

2. The low-damage crop picking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation component (21) comprises a chain (21a) and two sprockets (21b) arranged in a front and a rear configuration.

3. The low-damage crop picking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crossbar (22) is a parallelogram-shaped tubular structure, and both ends of a tube wall on one side thereof are provided with outwardly extending fixing portions (22a), and the fixing portions (22a) are fixed on the chain (21a).

4. The low-damage crop picking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral conveying unit (5) is an auger conveying mechanism.

5. The low-damage crop picking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (2) is installed tilted with the front lower and the rear higher.

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