An anchor for expansive soil slope based on confining pressure adaptive technology

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of rock and soil slope engineering, and particularly relates to an expansive soil slope anchor rod based on confining pressure adaptive technology, comprising: an anchor rod body, the tail end of which is fixedly connected with an adaptive deformation device; the adaptive deformation device comprises a deformation assembly and a deformation adaptive driving assembly located in the deformation assembly; the deformation assembly comprises a plurality of deformation parts, the plurality of deformation parts are arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the anchor rod body, two adjacent deformation parts are connected, and the middle of the deformation parts can be moved away from or close to the radial direction of the anchor rod body; the deformation adaptive driving assembly is transmission-connected with the plurality of deformation parts, and the deformation adaptive driving assembly is located at the center of a cavity surrounded by the plurality of deformation parts. Compared with the traditional technology, the deformation assembly and the deformation adaptive driving assembly of the present device ensure that the friction resistance of the anchor rod is maintained within a relatively stable range, so that the problem of damage to the anchor rod caused by soil deformation due to moisture changes in the expansive soil can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rock and soil slope engineering, and in particular relates to an expansive soil slope anchor rod based on confining pressure adaptive technology. Background Art

[0002] Expansive soil is one of the most widely distributed special soils in the world. Rich in hydrophilic minerals such as montmorillonite and illite, expansive soil has significant swelling and shrinkage, fissures and overconsolidation (referred to as the "three properties") and is extremely sensitive to external factors such as climate change and human activities, leading to frequent expansive soil slope disasters.

[0003] However, due to the differences in geological causes, types and environmental factors of expansive soil, its slope disaster types, disaster modes and breeding conditions are extremely complex, and have the characteristics of gradualness, repetitiveness and long-term latency. Traditional rigid support technologies such as slope cutting and load reduction, retaining walls, anti-slide piles and soil replacement cannot adapt to the "three properties" of expansive soil and their mutual feedback requirements, resulting in unsatisfactory slope prevention and control effects, poor durability or even complete failure in a short period of time, huge costs but repeated treatments. Therefore, carrying out new prevention and control technologies and engineering demonstration research on expansive soil landslides and engineering slopes is of great significance to innovating expansive soil landslide and engineering slope prevention technologies and methods and ensuring the sustainable economic and social development of expansive soil areas.

[0004] Under the deformation of expansive soil, traditional anchor rods have the following main defects: (1) During the rainy season, the expansive soil absorbs water and expands, causing the stress of the anchor rod to surge, the anchor rod body to be broken, the anchor body to be pulled out, or the anchor rod to shake along the slope surface and suffer shear damage.

[0005] (2) Under soil compression, the stress of the anchor rod increases suddenly, causing the anchor body to be pulled out or debonded from the anchor body, reducing the ultimate bearing capacity of the anchor rod.

[0006] (3) In the dry season, the expansive soil loses water and shrinks, and the soil moves away from the rod. The friction resistance of the anchor rod will be lost and cannot be restored, thereby reducing the safety factor of slope stability and increasing the risk of landslide. Therefore, an expansive soil slope anchor rod based on confining pressure adaptive technology is urgently needed to solve the problem. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an expansive soil slope anchor rod based on confining pressure adaptive technology to solve the above problems.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0009] An expansive soil slope anchor rod based on confining pressure adaptive technology comprises: an anchor rod body, a tail end of which is fixedly connected with an adaptive deformation device;

[0010] The adaptive deformation device comprises a deformation component and a deformation adaptive driving component located in the deformation component;

[0011] The deformation assembly comprises a plurality of deformation parts, which are arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the anchor body, two adjacent deformation parts are connected, and the middle parts of the deformation parts can move away from or close to the anchor body in the radial direction;

[0012] The deformation adaptive driving component is drivingly connected to the plurality of deformation parts, and the deformation adaptive driving component is located at the center of a cavity surrounded by the plurality of deformation parts.

[0013] Preferably, the deformation adaptive driving assembly includes a water reservoir, a plurality of hydraulic pipes are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the middle of the water reservoir, the hydraulic pipes are connected to the water reservoir, the movable ends of the hydraulic pipes are fixedly connected to the middle of the corresponding deformation part, and the fixed ends of the hydraulic pipes are fixedly connected to the water reservoir;

[0014] A piston is slidably connected inside the water reservoir, and a conical inclined block is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the piston away from the water reservoir. The small diameter end of the conical inclined block is arranged close to the water reservoir; the conical inclined block is transmission-connected with a driving part, and the driving part is transmission-connected with a plurality of the deformation parts.

[0015] Preferably, the driving part comprises a plurality of pulleys, the plurality of pulleys are arranged around the conical inclined block at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the pulleys are arranged in contact with the inclined surface of the conical inclined block, the pulleys are rotatably connected to one end of a pressure connecting rod, the other end of the pressure connecting rod is fixedly connected to the middle part of the corresponding deformation part, and the plurality of pressure connecting rods correspond to the plurality of deformation parts one by one;

[0016] One end of the elastic part is fixedly connected to the side of the conical inclined block away from the piston, and the other end of the elastic part is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner cavity formed by the plurality of deformation parts. The elastic part is used to move the piston toward the water reservoir.

[0017] Preferably, the elastic part comprises a spring, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to a side of the conical inclined block away from the piston, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to an inner wall of an inner cavity formed by a plurality of the deformation parts.

[0018] Preferably, the deformation portion comprises two outer metal shields, and the two outer metal shields are connected to each other; one end of the pressure connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding outer metal shield;

[0019] The two outer metal shields of two adjacent deformation parts are connected;

[0020] The movable end of the hydraulic pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding outer metal guard plate.

[0021] Preferably, the two outer metal guard plates of the deformation portion are fixedly connected.

[0022] Preferably, the two outer metal guard plates of the deformation portion are hinged.

[0023] Preferably, the two outer metal guard plates of two adjacent deformation parts are fixedly connected.

[0024] Preferably, the two outer metal guard plates of two adjacent deformation parts are hinged.

[0025] Preferably, the inner wall of the outer metal guard plate is connected to one end of the inner metal guard plate, the inner metal guard plate and the corresponding outer metal guard plate are set at an angle, the two inner metal guard plates of the same deformation part are connected, and the pressure connecting rod is fixed to the inner wall of the corresponding inner metal guard plate; the movable end of the hydraulic pipe is fixed to the inner wall of the corresponding inner metal guard plate.

[0026] Preferably, the two inner metal guard plates of the deformation portion are hinged.

[0027] Preferably, the two inner metal guard plates of the deformation portion are fixedly connected.

[0028] Preferably, the inner metal guard plate is fixedly connected to the corresponding outer metal guard plate.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: when in use, after the device is anchored into the expansive soil slope, friction is generated between the deformation component and the expansive soil body, and the deformation adaptive driving component is cooperated to ensure that the friction resistance is maintained in a relatively stable range. When the expansive soil absorbs water and expands or dehydrates and shrinks, the friction between the deformation component and the expansive soil body changes. At this time, the deformation component is deformed by the deformation adaptive driving component, which can not only protect the anchor rod from being crushed when the expansive soil expands, but also ensure the friction between the anchor rod and the expansive soil when the expansive soil shrinks, solves the problem of the stability of the anchor rod required due to moisture changes in various seasons, and is more suitable for real working conditions. Compared with traditional anchor rods, the present device is not only more conducive to slope support and tamping in expansive soil areas, but the deformation component and deformation adaptive driving component of the anchor rod ensure that the friction resistance of the anchor rod is maintained in a relatively stable range, so that the problem of soil deformation and damage to the anchor rod caused by moisture changes in the expansive soil can be solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a right view of the structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a front view of the structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the use state of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a structural detail diagram of the conical inclined block and the pulley of the present invention;

[0037] Among them, 1. inner metal guard plate; 2. outer metal guard plate; 3. spring; 4. pressure connecting rod; 5. pulley; 6. conical inclined block; 7. piston; 8. water reservoir; 9. hydraulic pipe; 10. anchor rod body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Reference Figures 1 to 6 The present invention discloses an expansive soil slope anchor rod based on confining pressure adaptive technology, comprising: an anchor rod body 10, wherein the tail end of the anchor rod body 10 is fixedly connected with an adaptive deformation device;

[0041] The adaptive deformation device includes a deformation component and a deformation adaptive driving component located in the deformation component;

[0042] The deformation assembly includes a plurality of deformation parts, which are arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the anchor body 10, and two adjacent deformation parts are connected, and the middle part of the deformation part can move away from or close to the anchor body 10 in the radial direction;

[0043] The deformation adaptive driving component is drivingly connected with the plurality of deformation parts, and the deformation adaptive driving component is located at the center of a cavity surrounded by the plurality of deformation parts.

[0044] When in use, after the device is anchored into the expansive soil slope, friction is generated between the deformation component and the expansive soil body, and the deformation adaptive driving component cooperates with the deformation adaptive driving component to ensure that the friction resistance is maintained in a relatively stable range. When the expansive soil absorbs water and expands or dehydrates and shrinks, the friction between the deformation component and the expansive soil body changes. At this time, the deformation component is deformed by the deformation adaptive driving component, which can not only protect the anchor rod from being crushed when the expansive soil expands, but also ensure the friction between the anchor rod and the expansive soil when the expansive soil shrinks, solving the problem of anchor rod stability required due to moisture changes in various seasons, and is more suitable for real working conditions. Compared with traditional anchor rods, this device is not only more conducive to slope support and tamping in expansive soil areas, but the deformation component and deformation adaptive driving component of the anchor rod ensure that the friction resistance of the anchor rod is maintained in a relatively stable range, so that the problem of damage to the anchor rod caused by soil deformation caused by moisture changes in the expansive soil can be solved.

[0045] Further optimizing the scheme, the deformation adaptive driving component includes a water reservoir 8, a plurality of hydraulic pipes 9 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the middle of the water reservoir 8, the hydraulic pipes 9 are connected to the water reservoir 8, the movable end of the hydraulic pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the middle of the corresponding deformation part, and the fixed end of the hydraulic pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the water reservoir 8;

[0046] A piston 7 is slidably connected inside the water reservoir 8, and a conical inclined block 6 is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the piston 7 away from the water reservoir 8. The small diameter end of the conical inclined block 6 is arranged close to the water reservoir 8; the conical inclined block 6 is transmission-connected to a driving part, and the driving part is transmission-connected to a plurality of deformation parts.

[0047] Further optimized solution, the driving part includes a plurality of pulleys 5, the plurality of pulleys 5 are arranged around the conical inclined block 6 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the pulleys 5 are arranged in contact with the inclined surface of the conical inclined block 6, the pulleys 5 are rotatably connected to one end of the pressure connecting rod 4, the other end of the pressure connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the corresponding deformation part, and the plurality of pressure connecting rods 4 correspond to the plurality of deformation parts one by one;

[0048] One end of the elastic part is fixedly connected to the side of the conical inclined block 6 away from the piston 7, and the other end of the elastic part is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner cavity formed by a plurality of deformation parts. The elastic part is used to move the piston 7 toward the water storage container 8.

[0049] According to a further optimized solution, the elastic part includes a spring 3, one end of the spring 3 is fixedly connected to a side of the conical inclined block 6 away from the piston 7, and the other end of the spring 3 is fixedly connected to an inner wall of an inner cavity formed by a plurality of deformation parts.

[0050] The deformation adaptive drive assembly consists of a spring 3, a pressure connecting rod 4, a pulley 5, and a conical inclined block 6. The small diameter end of the conical inclined block 6 is fixed to one end of the inner piston 7, and the other end of the piston 7 is horizontally slidably connected in the water reservoir 8. Four hydraulic pipes 9 are circumferentially connected in the middle of the water reservoir 8. The conical inclined block 6, the piston 7, the water reservoir 8 and the hydraulic pipes 9 constitute a hydraulic system.

[0051] refer to Figure 5 When the rainy season comes, the expansive soil absorbs water and expands to compress the anchor rod. The middle part of the deformation part deforms under the pressure of the soil and moves along the radial direction of the anchor rod body 10 toward the axial direction of the anchor rod body 10, driving the pressure link 4 and the pulley 5 connected thereto to move. The pulley 5 gives the conical inclined block 6 an oblique upward pulling force under the pressure, and the spring 3 produces an oblique upward deformation. The conical inclined block 6 moves away from the water reservoir 8. The piston 7 connected to the conical inclined block 6 also moves away from the water reservoir 8, reducing the pressure in the water reservoir 8, causing the liquid in the hydraulic pipe 9 to flow into the water reservoir 8, reducing the hydraulic pressure provided to the deformation part by the hydraulic system through the hydraulic pipe 9, and the deformation part begins to shrink inward, thereby reducing the extrusion damage of the surrounding soil to the anchor rod. Then the self-adjusting performance of the buffer anchor rod deformation is realized, ensuring that the anchor rod continues to provide bearing capacity under soil extrusion.

[0052] The threads on the outer layer of the deformation part have a large contact area with the soil, and the buoyancy generated by the compression of the surrounding soil is also large. By setting the threads, the problem of the anchor being pulled out caused by the slope soil absorbing water and expanding outward can be effectively solved.

[0053] When the dry season comes, the expansive soil loses water and shrinks, and the soil begins to move away from the rod. The pressure of the soil decreases, causing the deformation part to transmit the reduced pressure to the pressure link 4 and the pulley 5 rotating thereon. The elastic potential energy previously stored in the spring 3 is released, causing the conical inclined block 6 to move toward the water reservoir 8, and the piston 7 connected to it also moves downward, and the pressure on the water reservoir 8 begins to increase. The hydraulic pressure provided to the deformation part by the hydraulic system through the hydraulic pipe 9 increases, and the deformation part begins to expand outward until the limit expansion angle of the anchor rod is reached. When the outer wall of the deformation part contacts the soil, the stability of the anchor rod under the soil edge of the expansive soil slope is further enhanced.

[0054] After the entire anchor rod is prefabricated, it can be easily transported to the construction site, reducing the freight budget. Including the power transmission system, hydraulic system, and fixing system, it can be disassembled and the free combination of the above multiple functions can be realized, which improves the efficiency of slope engineering facilities and reduces manufacturing costs.

[0055] According to a further optimized solution, the deformation part includes two outer metal shields 2, and the two outer metal shields 2 are connected to each other; one end of the pressure connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding outer metal shield 2;

[0056] The two outer metal guard plates 2 of two adjacent deformation parts are connected;

[0057] The movable end of the hydraulic pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding outer metal guard plate 2 .

[0058] In the initial state, the joint of the two outer metal guard plates 2 of the same deformation part is bent toward the axial direction close to the anchor body 10. When the joint of the two outer metal guard plates 2 of the same deformation part moves inward or outward due to the expansion or contraction of the soil, the connection between the two outer metal guard plates 2 will drive the pressure link 4 and the pulley 5 rotatably connected thereto to move, thereby realizing the movement of the piston 7 to adjust the support of the hydraulic pipe 9 on the connection between the two outer metal guard plates 2.

[0059] The outer side wall of the outer metal guard plate 2 is provided with threads for increasing friction.

[0060] To further optimize the solution, the two outer metal guard plates 2 of the deformation part are fixedly connected.

[0061] The two outer metal guard plates 2 of the deformation part are an integrally formed structure. The outer metal guard plates 2 are preferably made of a metal material with good ductility so that they can be deformed through their own elastic properties.

[0062] A further optimized solution is that the two outer metal guard plates 2 of the deformation part are hinged.

[0063] The two outer metal guard plates 2 of the deformation part are hinged. When the rigidity of the outer metal guard plate 2 is insufficient, it can be replaced with a metal material with greater rigidity. However, due to the increased rigidity, its elastic performance is reduced. At this time, the two outer metal guard plates 2 of the same deformation part can be hinged to facilitate the movement of the pressure link 4 through deformation.

[0064] A further optimized solution is to fix the two outer metal guard plates 2 of two adjacent deformation parts.

[0065] A further optimized solution is that the two outer metal guard plates 2 of two adjacent deformation parts are hinged.

[0066] The two outer metal guard plates 2 of two adjacent deformation parts can be either integrally formed or hinged, and the choice of form can be selected according to the adaptability to actual working conditions.

[0067] A further optimized solution is that the inner wall of the outer metal guard plate 2 is connected to one end of the inner metal guard plate 1, the inner metal guard plate 1 and the corresponding outer metal guard plate 2 are set at an angle, the two inner metal guard plates 1 of the same deformation part are connected, and the pressure connecting rod 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the corresponding inner metal guard plate 1; the movable end of the hydraulic pipe 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the corresponding inner metal guard plate 1.

[0068] A further optimized solution is that the two inner metal guard plates 1 of the deformation part are hinged.

[0069] To further optimize the solution, the two inner metal guard plates 1 of the deformation part are fixedly connected.

[0070] According to a further optimized solution, the inner metal guard plate 1 is fixedly connected to the corresponding outer metal guard plate 2.

[0071] In order to take into account both strength and deformation ability, one end of the inner metal guard plate 1 can be fixed to the inner wall of the outer metal guard plate 2, and the inner metal guard plate 1 and the corresponding outer metal guard plate 2 are set at an angle. The two outer metal guard plates 2 of the same deformation part are integrally formed and selected from a metal material with good ductility, which can ensure internal sealing while having deformation ability. The inner metal guard plate 1 is fixed to the corresponding outer metal guard plate 2. The inner metal guard plate 1 is made of a metal with greater rigidity to play a bearing role. The two inner metal guard plates 1 are hinged to each other. Through this arrangement, the deformation part achieves both strength and deformation ability.

[0072] The hydraulic pipe 9 has a movable end and a fixed end. The hydraulic pipe 9 is a coaxially arranged outer sleeve and an inner slide rod. The inner slide rod can slide in the outer sleeve. The inner slide rod can be ejected by injecting liquid into the outer sleeve to squeeze the inner slide rod. The hydraulic pipe 9 is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0074] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An expansive soil slope anchor based on confining pressure adaptive technology, characterized in that: include: An anchor rod body (10), wherein the tail end of the anchor rod body (10) is fixedly connected with an adaptive deformation device; The adaptive deformation device comprises a deformation component and a deformation adaptive driving component located in the deformation component; The deformation assembly comprises a plurality of deformation parts, the plurality of deformation parts are arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the anchor body (10), two adjacent deformation parts are connected, and the middle part of the deformation part can move away from or close to the anchor body (10) in the radial direction; The deformation adaptive driving component is drivingly connected to the plurality of deformation parts, and the deformation adaptive driving component is located at the center of a cavity surrounded by the plurality of deformation parts; The deformation adaptive driving component comprises a water reservoir (8), a plurality of hydraulic pipes (9) are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the middle of the water reservoir (8), the hydraulic pipes (9) are connected to the water reservoir (8), the movable ends of the hydraulic pipes (9) are fixedly connected to the middle of the corresponding deformation part, and the fixed ends of the hydraulic pipes (9) are fixedly connected to the water reservoir (8); A piston (7) is slidably connected in the water reservoir (8); an end of the piston (7) away from the water reservoir (8) is coaxially fixedly connected with a conical inclined block (6); a small diameter end of the conical inclined block (6) is arranged close to the water reservoir (8); the conical inclined block (6) is transmission-connected to a driving part, and the driving part is transmission-connected to the plurality of deformation parts; The driving part comprises a plurality of pulleys (5), the plurality of pulleys (5) are arranged at equal intervals around the conical inclined block (6), the pulleys (5) are arranged in contact with the inclined surface of the conical inclined block (6), the pulley (5) is rotatably connected to one end of a pressure connecting rod (4), the other end of the pressure connecting rod (4) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the corresponding deformation part, and the plurality of pressure connecting rods (4) correspond to the plurality of deformation parts one by one; One end of an elastic part is fixedly connected to the side of the conical inclined block (6) away from the piston (7), and the other end of the elastic part is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner cavity formed by the plurality of deformable parts, and the elastic part is used to move the piston (7) toward the water storage container (8); The deformation part comprises two outer metal shielding plates (2), and the two outer metal shielding plates (2) are connected to each other; one end of the pressure connecting rod (4) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding outer metal shielding plate (2); The two outer metal guard plates (2) of two adjacent deformation parts are connected; The movable end of the hydraulic pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding outer metal guard plate (2); The inner wall of the outer metal guard plate (2) is connected to one end of the inner metal guard plate (1), the inner metal guard plate (1) and the corresponding outer metal guard plate (2) are set at an angle, the two inner metal guard plates (1) of the same deformation part are connected, and the pressure connecting rod (4) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding inner metal guard plate (1); the movable end of the hydraulic pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding inner metal guard plate (1).

2. The expansive soil slope anchor rod based on confining pressure adaptive technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic part comprises a spring (3), one end of the spring (3) is fixedly connected to the side of the conical inclined block (6) away from the piston (7), and the other end of the spring (3) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner cavity formed by the plurality of deformation parts.

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