A pre-drilling device for building construction with anti-drift function

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a building construction pre-drilling device with an anti-drift function. In the prior art, the wall strength of the borehole has not been substantially improved, which may lead to the problem of borehole collapse. The technical solution of the present invention is: a building construction pre-drilling device with an anti-drift function, including a drill rod, a drill bit, a housing and a cover plate; the drill rod is fixedly connected and connected to the drill bit; the drill bit is fixedly connected to the housing; the housing is rotatably connected to the cover plate. The present invention continuously rotates the drill bit and the housing, so that the viscous muddy soil located in the spiral groove and the accommodating portion can be squeezed into the peripheral wall of the borehole by the housing and the accommodating portion. Compared with the prior art, squeezing the loose soil into the peripheral wall of the borehole can not only achieve the effect of compacting and strengthening the soil near the borehole, but also further improve the wall strength of the borehole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a building construction pre-drilling device with an anti-drifting function. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the process of building construction, a pile driver is needed to drill a hole in the ground, then a steel cage is placed in the drilled hole, and finally concrete is poured into the hole. However, during the drilling process, the power head of the pile driver drives the drill rod to move downward and drives the drill rod to rotate, thereby causing the drill bit installed at the lower end of the drill rod to rotate, and the drill bit gradually drills into the soil in the vertical direction, so that a hole is formed at the position where the soil is acted upon by the drill bit and the drill rod.

[0003] During the drilling process of the drill bit, the soil acted by the drill bit will be turned up and outward along the borehole. The turned-up soil will affect the structural strength of the upper part of the borehole.

[0004] Existing Chinese patent: A pile driver anti-turnover drilling auxiliary device and control method thereof (CN114293920B); although the loose soil drilled by the drill bit can be squeezed into the surrounding wall of the borehole by limiting the soil turnover, thereby improving the borehole wall strength; however, after the drilling is completed, although the loose soil is squeezed into the surrounding wall of the borehole, the soil hardness is much lower than the original soil hardness, making the soil loose, and the borehole wall strength is not substantially improved, which may cause the borehole to collapse. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the disadvantage in the prior art that the wall strength of the drilled hole is not substantially improved, which may cause the drilled hole to collapse, the present invention provides a construction pre-drilling device with an anti-drift function.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a pre-drilling device for construction with an anti-drift function, comprising a drill rod, a drill bit, a shell and a cover plate; the drill rod is fixedly connected to and communicated with the drill bit; the drill bit is fixedly connected to the shell; the shell is rotatably connected to the cover plate; the drill bit is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves; each spiral groove is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes; the shell is provided with a plurality of accommodating parts, and the number of the accommodating parts matches the number of the spiral grooves, and each spiral groove is communicated with the accommodating part on the corresponding side; the drill rod is externally connected to a water supply device.

[0007] More preferably, the shell is provided with a plurality of inclined grooves, and each inclined groove is communicated with two adjacent accommodating portions.

[0008] More preferably, it also includes a reinforcement mechanism, the ground and the shell are jointly connected with the reinforcement mechanism, and the reinforcement mechanism is used to reinforce the surrounding wall of the borehole; the reinforcement mechanism includes a hollow stirring ring, a receiving ring, a conical conveying pipe and an auger; a hollow stirring ring is arranged on the ground; the hollow stirring ring is rotatably connected to the inside of the hollow stirring ring, and the receiving ring is slidably connected to the shell; the receiving ring is provided with a plurality of unearthed openings distributed in a circular array, and the unearthed openings are connected to the accommodating portion; the hollow stirring ring is provided with a accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is connected to the unearthed opening; the hollow stirring ring is provided with a plurality of water injection ports; the shell is provided with a plurality of guide grooves distributed in a circular array, and the guide grooves are located above the inclined grooves; the receiving ring is provided with at least three conical conveying pipes distributed in a circular array, and the conical conveying pipes are connected to the guide grooves on the corresponding sides; each conical conveying pipe is provided with an auger.

[0009] More preferably, it also includes an anti-fracture mechanism, the hollow stirring ring and the drill bit are connected with the anti-fracture mechanism, and the anti-fracture mechanism is used to prevent the drill rod and the drill bit from breaking; the anti-fracture mechanism includes an L-shaped mounting plate, an arc-shaped slide rail, a circular slider, a telescopic rod, a roller and a rotating unit; the hollow stirring ring is fixedly connected with a plurality of L-shaped mounting plates distributed in a circular array; each L-shaped mounting plate is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped slide rail; all the arc-shaped slide rails are slidably connected with a circular slider; a plurality of telescopic rods are arranged at the lower part of the circular slider; the telescopic parts of all telescopic rods are fixedly connected with a rotating ring, and the rotating ring is rotatably connected with the drill bit; the fixed part and the telescopic part of each telescopic rod are provided with a roller, and the rollers of the fixed parts of all telescopic rods are in contact with the upper part of the drill rod, and the rollers of the telescopic parts of all telescopic rods are in contact with the lower part of the drill rod; all the rollers in contact with the upper part of the drill rod are arranged in a spiral as a whole, and all the rollers in contact with the lower part of the drill rod are arranged in a spiral as a whole; the fixed parts of the hollow stirring ring and the telescopic rod are connected with a rotating unit as a whole, and the rotating unit is used to drive the telescopic rod to rotate.

[0010] More preferably, all the rollers are arranged at an incline.

[0011] More preferably, the roller is provided with staggered grooves.

[0012] More preferably, the roller and the telescopic rod are connected by a hydraulic rod; the circular slider is arranged as a hollow structure; the fixed part and the telescopic part of the telescopic rod are both arranged as hollow structures and are interconnected, and the circular slider is connected to the fixed part of the telescopic rod; a liquid delivery port is arranged on the upper part of the circular slider; the hydraulic rod connected to the fixed part of the telescopic rod is connected to the fixed part of the telescopic rod, and the hydraulic rod connected to the telescopic part of the telescopic rod is connected to the telescopic part of the telescopic rod.

[0013] More preferably, it also includes a quick-freezing mechanism, which is connected to the shell and is used to freeze the soil; the quick-freezing mechanism includes a C-type plate, a storage box and a spray head; each accommodating portion is provided with a number of through holes distributed in a vertical array; a number of C-type plate groups distributed in a circular array are provided inside the shell; each C-type plate group is composed of a number of C-type plates distributed in a vertical array, and the positions of the C-type plates and the through holes correspond, and the C-type plates are made of rubber material and have deformation ability, and the C-type plates cooperate with the fixing part of the telescopic rod; each C-type plate is provided with a storage box, and a spring is connected between the storage box and the accommodating portion; each storage box is connected to a spray head, and the spray head is slidably connected to the through hole on the corresponding side; the accommodating portion is set to rubber material and has a certain deformation ability; the spray head is provided with a number of spray holes.

[0014] More preferably, each through hole is provided with a plurality of scrapers, and the scrapers are made of rubber; the scrapers are used to scrape away the soil covering the spray hole to prevent the spray hole from being blocked.

[0015] More preferably, it also includes an arc-shaped plate; each accommodating portion is movably connected to two symmetrically distributed arc-shaped plates, and the two arc-shaped plates are movably connected to the spray heads on the corresponding sides, and the arc-shaped plates are used to form a better extrusion force on the sand and gravel.

[0016] Beneficial effect: The present invention continuously rotates the drill bit and the shell, so that the viscous muddy soil located in the spiral groove and the accommodating portion can be squeezed into the peripheral wall of the borehole by the shell and the accommodating portion. Compared with the prior art, the loose soil is squeezed into the peripheral wall of the borehole, which can not only achieve the effect of compacting and strengthening the soil near the borehole, but also further improve the borehole wall strength, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that although the loose soil is squeezed into the peripheral wall of the borehole, the soil hardness is much lower than the original soil hardness, and the soil is loose, the borehole wall strength is not substantially improved, and the borehole collapse may be caused.

[0017] The present invention wets the soft soil and sand and gravel in the accommodating cavity through the water injection port arranged on the hollow stirring ring, so that the soft soil and sand and gravel are mixed together in a viscous state, just like "concrete", so as to enhance the adhesion of sand and gravel to the peripheral wall of the borehole; then, the "concrete" in the accommodating cavity is delivered into the guide groove from the conical delivery pipe through the auger, and when the drill rod, the drill bit and the shell rotate, the "concrete" in the guide groove will be continuously squeezed onto the peripheral wall of the borehole. In this way, on the basis of the original squeezing of the soil, the peripheral wall of the borehole is filled with sand and gravel, so that the strength of the peripheral wall of the borehole is further improved, and the collapse of the borehole is avoided.

[0018] The roller of the present invention continuously applies a spiral downward external force to the drill rod when it rotates, thereby increasing the drilling torque of the drill rod and the drill bit, thereby assisting the drilling of the drill rod; and, due to the telescopic structure of the telescopic rod, the telescopic portion of the telescopic rod can drive the roller below to follow up with the drilling of the drill bit, thereby always applying a spiral downward external force to the lower part of the drill rod and the drill bit, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that when the drilling depth is greater, the drill rod is longer, the drilling torque applied to the drill rod by the drilling auxiliary mechanism arranged on the upper part of the borehole is smaller, and at this time, the drilling force of the drill rod and the drill bit cannot be increased.

[0019] The invention delivers hydraulic oil to the hydraulic rod below through the telescopic part of the telescopic rod, so that the telescopic parts of all the hydraulic rods drive the rollers to push out, and the rollers press the drill rods to limit their position and prevent them from deflecting.

[0020] The present invention exposes a liquid spray head from a through hole and inserts it into the soil around the borehole wall, and sequentially sprays liquid nitrogen into the soil through a storage box, a liquid spray head and a liquid spray hole. After a short reaction time, the liquid nitrogen fills the soil, so that the soil filled with liquid nitrogen freezes quickly. In this way, as the drill rod, the drill bit and the shell drill downward, the soil squeezed on the borehole wall and the sand and gravel embedded in the soil are sequentially frozen from top to bottom, which can not only lock the moisture in the soil and prevent the moisture from flowing downward, but also solidify the squeezed soil, further improve the compaction and strengthening effect of the soil near the borehole, and improve the borehole wall strength. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first type of the construction pre-drilling device with anti-drifting function disclosed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of the construction pre-drilling device with anti-drifting function disclosed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 An exploded view of a receiving ring and a hollow stirring ring disclosed in the construction pre-drilling device with an anti-drifting function of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a receiving ring and a shell disclosed in the construction pre-drilling device with anti-drifting function of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a housing disclosed in the construction pre-drilling device with an anti-drifting function of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the quick freezing mechanism disclosed in the construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the quick freezing mechanism disclosed in the construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a telescopic rod and a C-shaped plate disclosed in the construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-fracture mechanism disclosed in the construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 The present invention is a partial structural schematic diagram of the anti-fracture mechanism disclosed in the construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function.

[0031] The markings in the figure are: 1-drill rod, 2-drill bit, 3-shell, 4-cover plate, 101-C-type plate, 102-storage box, 103-spray head, 104-scraper, 111-arc plate, 112-receiving ring, 113-conical conveying pipe, 114-auger, 201-hollow stirring ring, 202-L-type mounting plate, 203-arc slide rail, 204-round slide block, 205 - telescopic rod, 206- rotating ring, 211- motor, 212- gear, 213- gear ring, 301- hydraulic rod, 302- roller, 2a- spiral groove, 2b- water outlet, 3a- receiving part, 3b- through hole, 3c- inclined groove, 3d- guide groove, 103a- spray hole, 112a- soil outlet, 201a- receiving cavity, 204a- liquid delivery port, 001- ground. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A pre-drilling device for building construction with anti-drift function, such as Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, it includes a drill rod 1, a drill bit 2, a shell 3 and a cover plate 4; the drill rod 1 is fixedly connected to and communicated with the drill bit 2; the drill bit 2 is fixedly connected to the shell 3; the shell 3 is rotatably connected to the cover plate 4; the drill bit 2 is provided with at least three spiral grooves 2a; each spiral groove 2a is provided with a plurality of water outlets 2b; the shell 3 is provided with at least three accommodating parts 3a, and the number of the accommodating parts 3a matches the number of the spiral grooves 2a, and each spiral groove 2a is connected with the accommodating part 3a on the corresponding side, and the soil drilled by the drill bit 2 is accommodated through the spiral groove 2a and the accommodating part 3a; the drill rod 1 is externally connected with a water supply device, and the water supply device is controlled to spray water to the soil accommodated in the spiral groove 2a and the accommodating part 3a through the drill rod 1, the drill bit 2 and the water outlet 2b in sequence to moisten the soil.

[0035] The shell 3 is provided with a plurality of inclined grooves 3c, and each inclined groove 3c is connected with two adjacent receiving parts 3a; when the drill bit 2 and the shell 3 rotate to squeeze the soil, the setting of the inclined grooves 3c can make the soil move between the adjacent receiving parts 3a, so that the soil in each receiving part 3a is uniform, so that the soil can be evenly distributed on the peripheral wall of the borehole.

[0036] The work of strengthening the drilling strength of the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0037] When drilling, the power head of the pile driver drives the drill rod 1 to move downward, while driving the drill rod 1 to rotate, and then the drill bit 2 on the drill rod 1 rotates, and the drill bit 2 gradually drills into the ground 001 in the vertical direction, so that a borehole is formed at the position where the ground 001 is acted upon by the drill bit 2 and the drill rod 1.

[0038] During the above-mentioned drilling process, the soil acted upon by the drill bit 2 will be turned up and outward along the spiral groove 2a and the accommodating portion 3a, and the turned-up soil will affect the structural strength of the upper portion of the drill hole.

[0039] To this end, during the drilling process, the water supply device connected to the drill rod 1 is controlled to spray water to the soil contained in the spiral groove 2a and the accommodating portion 3a through the drill rod 1, the drill bit 2 and the water outlet 2b in sequence, so as to moisten the soil and transform it from loose granular state to viscous mud state; and, since the drill bit 2 and the shell 3 are constantly rotating, the viscous mud-like soil located in the spiral groove 2a and the accommodating portion 3a can be squeezed into the peripheral wall of the borehole by the shell 3 and the accommodating portion 3a. Compared with the prior art, squeezing the loose soil into the peripheral wall of the borehole can not only achieve the effect of compacting and strengthening the soil near the borehole, but also further improve the borehole wall strength, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that, although the loose soil is squeezed into the peripheral wall of the borehole, its soil hardness is much lower than the original soil hardness, and the soil is loose, the borehole wall strength is not substantially improved, and the borehole collapse may be caused.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 3-Figure 5As shown, it also includes a reinforcement mechanism, the ground 001 and the shell 3 are connected together with the reinforcement mechanism, and the reinforcement mechanism is used to reinforce the peripheral wall of the borehole; the reinforcement mechanism includes a hollow stirring ring 201, a receiving ring 112, a conical conveying pipe 113 and an auger 114; the ground 001 is provided with a hollow stirring ring 201; the hollow stirring ring 201 is rotatably connected with the receiving ring 112 inside, and the receiving ring 112 is slidably connected with the shell 3; the receiving ring 112 is provided with at least three unearthed openings 112a distributed in a circular array, and the unearthed openings 112a are connected to the accommodating portion 3a; the hollow stirring ring 201 is provided with a accommodating cavity 201a, and the accommodating cavity 201a is connected to the unearthed opening 112a; the hollow stirring ring 20 The housing 3 is provided with a plurality of water injection ports, and the soil and gravel in the accommodating portion 3a are turned up at the unearthed port 112a, and enter the accommodating cavity 201a along the unearthed port 112a, and then the soil and gravel are moistened through the water injection ports provided on the hollow stirring ring 201; the housing 3 is provided with at least three guide grooves 3d distributed in an annular array, and the guide groove 3d is located above the inclined groove 3c; the receiving ring 112 is provided with at least three conical conveying pipes 113 distributed in an annular array, and the conical conveying pipes 113 are connected with the guide grooves 3d on the corresponding side; each conical conveying pipe 113 is provided with an auger 114, and the "concrete" in the accommodating cavity 201a is delivered into the guide groove 3d through the auger 114.

[0042] The drilling reinforcement work of the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0043] As the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2 drill, the soil structure also changes, and the soil structure changes from the initial soft soil with less sand and gravel to hard soil with a large amount of sand and gravel; therefore, when the drill bit 2 drills into the hard soil with a large amount of sand and gravel, even if water is injected into the sand and gravel, the sand and gravel cannot have strong adhesion like soft soil. At this time, if the sand and gravel are squeezed on the peripheral wall of the borehole like soil, the poor adhesion of the sand and gravel will inevitably cause the borehole to collapse;

[0044] To this end, when the drill bit 2 drills into soft soil containing less sand and gravel, part of the soft soil that is turned up will enter the receiving cavity 201a along the spiral groove 2a, the receiving portion 3a and the unearthed opening 112a in sequence for storage; when the drill bit 2 drills into hard soil containing a large amount of sand and gravel, the turned up sand and gravel will enter the receiving cavity 201a along the spiral groove 2a, the receiving portion 3a and the unearthed opening 112a in sequence, and then the soft soil and sand and gravel in the receiving cavity 201a will be moistened through the water injection port provided on the hollow stirring ring 201, so that the soft soil and sand and gravel are stored. The two materials are mixed together in a viscous state, just like "concrete", so as to enhance the adhesion of sand and gravel to the surrounding wall of the borehole; then, the "concrete" in the cavity 201a is delivered into the guide groove 3d from the conical delivery pipe 113 through the auger 114. When the drill rod 1, the drill bit 2 and the housing 3 rotate, the "concrete" in the guide groove 3d will be continuously squeezed onto the surrounding wall of the borehole. In this way, on the basis of the original squeezing of the soil, the surrounding wall of the borehole is filled with sand and gravel, so that the strength of the surrounding wall of the borehole is further improved to avoid the collapse of the borehole.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] On the basis of Example 2, Figure 8-Figure 10 As shown, it also includes an anti-fracture mechanism, the hollow stirring ring 201 and the drill bit 2 are connected together with the anti-fracture mechanism, and the anti-fracture mechanism is used to prevent the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2 from breaking; the anti-fracture mechanism includes an L-shaped mounting plate 202, an arc-shaped slide rail 203, a circular slider 204, a telescopic rod 205, a roller 302 and a rotating unit; the hollow stirring ring 201 is bolted to at least three L-shaped mounting plates 202 distributed in a circular array; each L-shaped mounting plate 202 is bolted to an arc-shaped slide rail 203; all the arc-shaped slide rails 203 are slidably connected to a circular slider 204; at least three telescopic rods 205; the telescopic parts of all telescopic rods 205 are commonly fixedly connected with a swivel ring 206, and the swivel ring 206 is rotatably connected to the drill bit 2; the fixed part and the telescopic part of each telescopic rod 205 are provided with a roller 302, and the rollers 302 of the fixed parts of all telescopic rods 205 are in contact with the upper part of the drill rod 1, and the rollers 302 of the telescopic parts of all telescopic rods 205 are in contact with the lower part of the drill rod 1; all the rollers 302 in contact with the upper part of the drill rod 1 are arranged in a spiral as a whole, and all the rollers 302 in contact with the lower part of the drill rod 1 are arranged in a spiral as a whole; the hollow stirring ring 201 and the fixed part of the telescopic rod 205 are commonly connected with a rotating unit.

[0047] All rollers 302 are arranged at an inclination; on the basis that all rollers 302 are distributed in a spiral shape as a whole, the rollers 302 are inclined to increase the external force applied to the drill rod 1 .

[0048] The roller 302 is provided with staggered grooves, and the friction between the roller 302 and the drill rod 1 is increased by the grooves.

[0049] The rotating unit includes a motor 211 , a gear 212 and a gear ring 213 ; the hollow stirring ring 201 is bolted to the motor 211 ; the output shaft of the motor 211 is fixedly connected to the gear 212 ; the fixed parts of all telescopic rods 205 are commonly fixedly connected to a gear ring 213 , and the gear ring 213 is meshed with the gear 212 .

[0050] The roller 302 and the telescopic rod 205 are connected by a hydraulic rod 301; the circular slider 204 is set as a hollow structure; the fixed part and the telescopic part of the telescopic rod 205 are both set as hollow structures and are interconnected, and the circular slider 204 is connected to the fixed part of the telescopic rod 205; a liquid delivery port 204a is set on the upper part of the circular slider 204; the hydraulic rod 301 connected to the fixed part of the telescopic rod 205 is connected to the fixed part of the telescopic rod 205, and the hydraulic rod 301 connected to the telescopic part of the telescopic rod 205 is connected to the telescopic part of the telescopic rod 205, and the roller 302 is pushed out by the telescopic part of the hydraulic rod 301, so that the roller 302 presses the drill rod 1 to prevent the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2 from being offset.

[0051] The anti-fracture work of the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0052] During the drilling construction, the drill rod 1 is in a relatively complicated working state. As the drilling depth increases, the drilling resistance of the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2 increases. When the drilling resistance exceeds the maximum bearing capacity of the drill bit 2, the drill bit 2 will break.

[0053] In the prior art, a drilling auxiliary mechanism is provided at the upper part of the borehole to apply a spiral downward external force to the upper part of the drill rod 1 to increase the drilling torque of the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2. However, as the drilling depth increases and the drill rod 1 becomes longer, the drilling torque applied to the drill rod 1 by the drilling auxiliary mechanism provided at the upper part of the borehole becomes smaller. At this time, the drilling torque of the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2 cannot be increased.

[0054] Therefore, during the drilling process, the output shaft of the control motor 211 drives the gear 212 to rotate, so that the gear 212 drives the gear ring 213 and the telescopic rod 205 to rotate, and the telescopic rod 205 drives the hydraulic rod 301 and the roller 302 to rotate. Since the roller 302 is inclined and all the rollers 302 are spiral-shaped as a whole, the roller 302 will continuously apply a spiral downward external force to the drill rod 1 when rotating, thereby increasing the drilling torque of the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2, thereby assisting the drilling. and, due to the telescopic structure of the telescopic rod 205, the telescopic portion of the telescopic rod 205 can drive the roller 302 below to follow up as the drill bit 2 drills, and always keeps applying a spiral downward external force to the lower part of the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2, which solves the problem in the prior art that, as the drilling depth increases, the drill rod 1 becomes longer, and the drilling torque applied to the drill rod 1 by the drilling auxiliary mechanism arranged on the upper part of the borehole becomes smaller, and at this time, it is impossible to increase the drilling force of the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2.

[0055] When encountering hard soil layers, the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2 are prone to deviation; at this time, the external hydraulic oil delivery equipment is controlled to deliver hydraulic oil to the upper hydraulic rod 301 through the liquid delivery port 204a, the circular slider 204, the telescopic rod 205, and the fixed part of the telescopic rod 205 in sequence, and the hydraulic oil is delivered to the lower hydraulic rod 301 through the telescopic part of the telescopic rod 205, so that the telescopic parts of all the hydraulic rods 301 drive the roller 302 to be pushed out, and the drill rod 1 is pressed by the roller 302 to limit it and prevent it from deviating.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] On the basis of Example 3, Figure 5-Figure 9 As shown, it also includes a quick-freezing mechanism, the shell 3 is connected to the quick-freezing mechanism, and the quick-freezing mechanism is used to freeze the soil; the quick-freezing mechanism includes a C-type plate 101, a storage box 102 and a liquid spray head 103; each accommodating portion 3a is provided with at least three through holes 3b distributed in a vertical array; at least three C-type plate groups distributed in a circular array are provided inside the shell 3; each C-type plate group is composed of at least three C-type plates 101 distributed in a vertical array, and the C-type plates 101 correspond to the positions of the through holes 3b, and the C-type plates 101 are made of rubber material and have deformation ability, and the C-type plates 101 cooperates with the fixing part of the telescopic rod 205; each C-shaped plate 101 is provided with a storage box 102, and a spring is connected between the storage box 102 and the accommodating part 3a; each storage box 102 is connected with a spray head 103, and the spray head 103 is slidably connected with the through hole 3b on the corresponding side; the accommodating part 3a is set to a rubber material with a certain deformation ability; the spray head 103 is provided with a plurality of spray holes 103a, through which the spray head 103 is inserted into the moist soil, and then liquid nitrogen is sprayed into the soil from the spray hole 103a to quickly freeze the soil.

[0058] Each through hole 3b is provided with a plurality of scrapers 104, and the scrapers 104 are made of rubber. When the spray head 103 is exposed outward from the through hole 3b or retracted inward, it can be scraped by the scrapers 104, so as to scrape off the soil covering the spray hole 103a.

[0059] It also includes an arc-shaped plate 111; each accommodating portion 3a is hinged with two symmetrically distributed arc-shaped plates 111, and the two arc-shaped plates 111 are hinged to the liquid spraying heads 103 on the corresponding sides.

[0060] The soil freezing process of the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0061] During the above-mentioned drilling process, the soil becomes moist. When the soil is pressed against the peripheral wall of the borehole by the housing 3 , the moisture in the soil is squeezed out and flows into the borehole, affecting the drilling of the drill bit 2 .

[0062] To this end, when the telescopic rod 205 rotates, the fixed part of the telescopic rod 205 will contact the C-shaped plate 101 and force the C-shaped plate 101, the storage box 102 and the spray head 103 to move toward the through hole 3b, so that the spray head 103 is exposed from the through hole 3b and inserted into the soil inside the borehole wall, and liquid nitrogen is sprayed into the soil through the storage box 102, the spray head 103 and the spray hole 103a in turn. After a short reaction time, the liquid nitrogen fills the soil, so that the soil filled with liquid nitrogen is quickly frozen. In this way, as the drill rod 1, the drill bit 2 and the shell 3 drill downward, the soil squeezed on the borehole wall and the sand and gravel embedded in the soil are frozen from top to bottom in turn, which can not only lock the moisture in the soil and prevent the moisture from flowing downward, but also solidify the squeezed soil, further enhance the compaction and strengthening effect of the soil near the borehole, and enhance the borehole wall strength.

[0063] Moreover, when the spray head 103 is exposed from the through hole 3b, the spray head 103 will drive the accommodating portion 3a, which is made of rubber material and has a certain deformation ability, to move toward the peripheral wall of the borehole, so that the outer surface of the accommodating portion 3a fits and is squeezed against the soil on the peripheral wall of the borehole, making the outer surface of the shell 3 present a complete arc shape, thereby achieving a better squeezing and smoothing effect on the soil.

[0064] During the drilling process, the drill bit 2 and the housing 3 constantly rub against the soil or stones in the soil, which may easily lead to overheating. In order to prevent the drill bit 2 from being scrapped due to overheating, the prior art generally adopts a method of pouring cold water into the borehole to solve the problem of the drill bit 2 being scrapped due to overheating. However, pouring a large amount of cold water into the borehole will increase the moisture content of the soil near the borehole, which may easily be rammed into rubber soil, resulting in unstable bearing capacity of the borehole.

[0065] To this end, when liquid nitrogen is sprayed out of the spray hole 103a, it can not only freeze the soil, but also reduce the temperature in the borehole, so that the drill bit 2 and the shell 3 located inside the borehole are cooled, which solves the problem in the prior art that pouring a large amount of cold water into the borehole will increase the moisture content of the soil near the borehole, easily tamping it into rubber soil, resulting in unstable bearing capacity of the borehole.

[0066] In order to enhance the squeezing force of the shell 3 on the soil and gravel, when the uppermost liquid spray head 103 is exposed from the through hole 3b, the liquid spray head 103 will also force the two arc-shaped plates 111 on the corresponding side to rotate outwards, forming an arc surface together with the shell 3, and the soil and gravel in the receiving part 3a are quickly squeezed onto the peripheral wall of the drill hole through the outwardly rotating arc-shaped plates 111. In this way, when the shell 3 rotates, the arc surface can form a better squeezing force on the soil and gravel, thereby enhancing the squeezing effect;

[0067] It should be noted that, during this process, all the top spray heads 103 are controlled to stop spraying liquid nitrogen to prevent the soil entering between the accommodating portion 3a and the arc-shaped plate 111 from being frozen by the liquid nitrogen sprayed by the top spray head 103 after the arc-shaped plate 111 rotates outward, and getting stuck between the accommodating portion 3a, the arc-shaped plate 111 and the surrounding wall of the borehole, thereby affecting the downward drilling of the drill bit 2 and the housing 3.

[0068] As the drilling goes deeper, more soil is turned up. If the turned up soil is continuously squeezed toward the wall of the borehole, more and more soil in the same part will be squeezed. In this way, the soil layer becomes more and more dense, which will increase the rotation resistance of the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2, and a greater drilling force is required to continue drilling.

[0069] To this end, the accommodating portion 3a is not only connected to the accommodating cavity 201a through the unearthed port 112a, but also connected to the outside world through the unearthed port 112a. When the soil squeezed by the surrounding wall of the borehole becomes more and more and cannot be squeezed further, the excess soil will be turned out to the upper part of the borehole along the accommodating portion 3a and the unearthed port 112a. The turned-out soil has been moistened and frozen. Therefore, the turned-up soil is in regular block shape as a whole, with little dust, and is easy to clean.

[0070] The above description is only an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The contents not elaborated in detail in the present invention belong to the existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A construction pre-drilling device with an anti-drift function, comprising a drill rod (1), a drill bit (2), a housing (3) and a cover plate (4); the drill rod (1) is fixedly connected to and communicates with the drill bit (2); the drill bit (2) is fixedly connected to the housing (3); the housing (3) is rotatably connected to the cover plate (4); the characteristics are: The drill bit (2) is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves (2a); each spiral groove (2a) is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes (2b); the housing (3) is provided with a plurality of accommodating portions (3a), the number of the accommodating portions (3a) matches the number of the spiral grooves (2a), and each spiral groove (2a) is connected to the accommodating portion (3a) on the corresponding side; the drill rod (1) is externally connected to a water supply device; The shell (3) is provided with a plurality of inclined grooves (3c), and each inclined groove (3c) is connected to two adjacent accommodating portions (3a); The invention also comprises a reinforcement mechanism, wherein the ground (001) and the shell (3) are connected together with the reinforcement mechanism, and the reinforcement mechanism is used to reinforce the peripheral wall of the borehole; the reinforcement mechanism comprises a hollow stirring ring (201), a receiving ring (112), a conical conveying pipe (113) and an auger (114); the ground (001) is provided with a hollow stirring ring (201); the receiving ring (112) is rotatably connected inside the hollow stirring ring (201), and the receiving ring (112) is slidably connected to the shell (3); the receiving ring (112) is provided with a plurality of discharging openings (112a) distributed in a ring array, and the discharging openings (112a) are connected to the receiving portion (3a) ) are connected; the hollow stirring ring (201) is provided with a receiving cavity (201a), and the receiving cavity (201a) is connected to the excavation port (112a); the hollow stirring ring (201) is provided with a plurality of water injection ports; the shell (3) is provided with a plurality of guide grooves (3d) distributed in a ring array, and the guide grooves (3d) are located above the inclined groove (3c); the receiving ring (112) is provided with at least three conical conveying pipes (113) distributed in a ring array, and the conical conveying pipes (113) are connected to the guide grooves (3d) on the corresponding side; and each conical conveying pipe (113) is provided with an auger (114).

2. A construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an anti-fracture mechanism, wherein the hollow stirring ring (201) and the drill bit (2) are jointly connected to the anti-fracture mechanism, and the anti-fracture mechanism is used to prevent the drill rod (1) and the drill bit (2) from being broken; the anti-fracture mechanism comprises an L-shaped mounting plate (202), an arc-shaped slide rail (203), a circular slider (204), a telescopic rod (205), a roller (302) and a rotating unit; the hollow stirring ring (201) is fixedly connected to a plurality of L-shaped mounting plates (202) distributed in a circular array; each L-shaped mounting plate (202) is respectively fixedly connected to an arc-shaped slide rail (203); all the arc-shaped slide rails (203) are jointly slidably connected to a circular slider (204); a plurality of telescopic rods (205) are arranged at the lower part of the circular slider (204); all the telescopic rods (205) are connected to the roller (302) and the rotating unit is connected to the roller (302); The telescopic parts of the hollow stirring ring (201) and the telescopic rod (205) are fixedly connected to a rotating ring (206), and the rotating ring (206) is rotatably connected to the drill bit (2); the fixed part and the telescopic part of each telescopic rod (205) are provided with a roller (302), and the rollers (302) of the fixed parts of all telescopic rods (205) are in contact with the upper part of the drill rod (1), and the rollers (302) of the telescopic parts of all telescopic rods (205) are in contact with the lower part of the drill rod (1); all the rollers (302) in contact with the upper part of the drill rod (1) are arranged in a spiral as a whole, and all the rollers (302) in contact with the lower part of the drill rod (1) are arranged in a spiral as a whole; the fixed parts of the hollow stirring ring (201) and the telescopic rod (205) are connected to a rotating unit, and the rotating unit is used to drive the telescopic rod (205) to rotate.

3. A construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function according to claim 2, characterized in that: All the rollers (302) are arranged at an incline.

4. The construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The roller (302) is provided with staggered grooves.

5. The construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The roller (302) and the telescopic rod (205) are connected via a hydraulic rod (301); the circular slider (204) is configured as a hollow structure; the fixed portion and the telescopic portion of the telescopic rod (205) are both configured as hollow structures and are interconnected, and the circular slider (204) is connected to the fixed portion of the telescopic rod (205); a liquid delivery port (204a) is provided on the upper portion of the circular slider (204); the hydraulic rod (301) connected to the fixed portion of the telescopic rod (205) is connected to the fixed portion of the telescopic rod (205), and the hydraulic rod (301) connected to the telescopic portion of the telescopic rod (205) is connected to the telescopic portion of the telescopic rod (205).

6. A construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The quick-freezing mechanism is also included. The shell (3) is connected to the quick-freezing mechanism, and is used to freeze the soil. The quick-freezing mechanism includes a C-shaped plate (101), a storage box (102), and a liquid spray head (103). Each accommodating portion (3a) is provided with a plurality of through holes (3b) distributed in a vertical array. The shell (3) is provided with a plurality of C-shaped plate groups distributed in a ring array. Each C-shaped plate group is composed of a plurality of C-shaped plates (101) distributed in a vertical array, and the positions of the C-shaped plates (101) and the through holes (3b) correspond to each other. ) is made of rubber material and has a deformable capacity, and the C-shaped plate (101) cooperates with the fixed portion of the telescopic rod (205); each C-shaped plate (101) is provided with a storage box (102), and a spring is connected between the storage box (102) and the accommodating portion (3a); each storage box (102) is connected to a liquid spray head (103), and the liquid spray head (103) is slidably connected to the through hole (3b) on the corresponding side; the accommodating portion (3a) is set to be made of rubber material and has a certain deformable capacity; the liquid spray head (103) is provided with a plurality of liquid spray holes (103a).

7. A construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each through hole (3b) is provided with a plurality of scrapers (104), and the scrapers (104) are made of rubber; the scrapers (104) are used to scrape away soil covering the spray hole (103a) to prevent the spray hole (103a) from being blocked.

8. The construction pre-drilling device with anti-drift function according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an arc-shaped plate (111); each receiving portion (3a) is movably connected to two symmetrically distributed arc-shaped plates (111), and the two arc-shaped plates (111) are movably connected to the liquid spraying heads (103) on the corresponding sides, and the arc-shaped plates (111) are used to form a better squeezing force on the sand and gravel.

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