An environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine generator set and operation control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides an environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine and its operation control method, wherein a tower base is fixed on the top of a V-shaped base, a wind turbine tower is fixed on the top of the tower base, a wind turbine is installed on the top of the wind turbine tower, a cylindrical buoy is installed on the bottom of the V-shaped base, and a damping structure is arranged on the cylindrical buoy; the V-shaped base comprises a first base front connecting end and a second base front connecting end which are relatively rotatably arranged, the end of the first base front connecting end is connected to a V-shaped base left structure, and the end of the second base front connecting end is connected to a V-shaped base right structure; an angle adjustment mechanism for controlling the opening or closing of the first base front connecting end and the second base front connecting end is arranged between the V-shaped base left structure and the V-shaped base right structure and the wind turbine tower. The operation of the wind turbine is controlled by controlling the angles of the bases on both sides and the pitch, so as to adapt to different seawater flow rates, wind speeds and wind directions, and realize environmental adaptation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wind power generation, and in particular to an environment-adaptive floating wind turbine set and an operation control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of global wind power technology, offshore wind power is developing towards large-scale and floating. Floating wind turbines that can adapt to complex marine environments have become a research focus. my country has vast sea areas, long coastlines, and abundant offshore wind resources. The development of high-power offshore floating wind turbines is an inevitable trend. my country has a large number of islands. Due to the long distance from the shore, the cost of drawing electricity from coastal cities is high. However, traditional fuel costs are high and pollution is large, so wind power generation is an excellent choice.

[0003] However, the previous fixed offshore wind power cannot adapt to the deep sea, so floating wind turbines that can adapt to the deep sea are needed. However, the cost of floating wind turbines is often quite expensive. Steel materials are very easy to corrode on the wet sea surface. Since the sea area where they are located is far from the shore, maintenance is relatively difficult, so their cost is relatively high. At the same time, the previous multi-point moored floating wind power has high stability, but it is difficult to fully utilize the wind energy in multiple directions. Therefore, it is necessary to design an environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide an environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine set and its operation control method which can effectively solve the problems of high production and maintenance costs of floating wind power, inability to make good use of multiple wind directions, inability to adapt to multiple seawater flow rates, and severe shaking.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical features, the object of the present invention is achieved as follows: an environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine unit, comprising a V-shaped base, a tower base is fixed on the top of the V-shaped base, a wind turbine tower is fixed on the top of the tower base, a wind turbine is installed on the top of the wind turbine tower, and wind turbine blades are installed on the wind turbine rotating shaft of the wind turbine;

[0006] A cylindrical buoy is installed at the bottom of the V-shaped base, and a damping structure is arranged on the cylindrical buoy;

[0007] The V-shaped base comprises a first base front connecting end and a second base front connecting end which are relatively rotatable, the end of the first base front connecting end is connected to the left structure of the V-shaped base, and the end of the second base front connecting end is connected to the right structure of the V-shaped base;

[0008] An angle adjustment mechanism for controlling the opening or closing of the front connecting end of the first base and the front connecting end of the second base is provided between the left side structure of the V-shaped base and the right side structure of the V-shaped base and the wind turbine tower;

[0009] Drum-shaped buoy assemblies are installed at the ends of the left side structure of the V-shaped base and the right side structure of the V-shaped base;

[0010] The middle part of the top outer wall of the V-shaped base is connected with an anchor chain.

[0011] The front connecting end of the first base and the front connecting end of the second base are formed by splicing fan-shaped hollow concrete plates, and the tower base is a concrete truncated cone, which is inclined toward the side close to the anchor chain.

[0012] The left side structure and the right side structure of the V-shaped base are both formed by connecting a plurality of hollow concrete plates in series. Each hollow concrete plate has two through holes. The hollow concrete plates are connected in series using two steel cables, wherein the inclined side of the hollow concrete plates faces outward.

[0013] The left side structure of the V-shaped base and the right side structure of the V-shaped base are respectively composed of seven groups of hollow concrete plates.

[0014] A torsion spring is arranged at the center of the V-shaped base. The torsion spring and the cylindrical buoy are coaxially arranged. Both ends of the torsion spring are connected to the first left plate of the left structure of the V-shaped base and the first right plate of the right structure of the V-shaped base.

[0015] The first left side plate is connected to the front connecting end of the first base, and the first right side plate is connected to the front connecting end of the second base.

[0016] The angle adjustment mechanism comprises a first support base fixed to the top of the left structure of the V-shaped base, the first support base is hinged to the end of the first piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder, and the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the wind turbine tower through a cylinder body hinge seat;

[0017] A second hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the other side of the cylinder body articulated seat, and the end of the second piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the second support base. The second support base is fixed on the top of the right side structure of the V-shaped base, and the right side structure of the V-shaped base is symmetrically arranged with the first support base.

[0018] The drum buoy assembly includes a first drum buoy fixed to the end of the left side structure of the V-shaped base through a first connecting plate;

[0019] Also included is a second drum-shaped buoy fixed to the end of the right structure of the V-shaped base through a second connecting plate;

[0020] The first drum-shaped buoy and the second drum-shaped buoy are hollow buoys, and the radii at the upper and lower ends are smaller than the middle radius.

[0021] The damping structure comprises a large annular plate arranged on the outer wall of a cylindrical buoy, and a first small annular plate and a second small annular plate are arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical buoy and located on both sides of the large annular plate.

[0022] The first small annular plate, the large annular plate and the second small annular plate are all made of concrete annular plates and are provided with through holes of uneven size and position; a certain gap is evenly provided between the first small annular plate, the large annular plate and the second small annular plate;

[0023] The fan blades include a first blade, a second blade and a third blade which are mounted on a rotating shaft of the fan.

[0024] An operation control method of an environment-adaptive floating wind turbine generator set controls an angle adjustment mechanism to open or close a left structure of a V-shaped base and a right structure of the V-shaped base through the angle adjustment mechanism to achieve self-adaptation to the environment;

[0025] When used in fluid, the left and right structures of the V-shaped base with trapezoidal cross-sections can reduce resistance, thereby improving the stability of the wind turbine. When the flow direction of the fluid changes, the foundation can adjust the angle by single-point mooring;

[0026] When the wind and waves are strong, the damping structure provides resistance to reduce the heave of the foundation;

[0027] When the wind speed is high, variable pitch technology is used to control and adjust the wind turbine blades to adapt to different wind speeds, thereby improving the stability of the wind turbine and achieving environmental adaptation.

[0028] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The present invention provides stability through three buoys. The trapezoidal hollow concrete module can reduce the impact of water flow on the stability of the foundation. At the same time, the main material of the environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine is concrete, which is cheaper than steel and has mature production and processing technology. Due to its high density, it can also provide greater ballast to increase the stability of the foundation. The corrosion resistance of concrete materials is much greater than that of steel, and its maintenance cost is lower. By connecting the hollow concrete modules in series, the difficulty of transportation and assembly is reduced, and the installation cost is reduced.

[0030] 2. The present invention controls the angle between the two sides of the V-shaped base by a torsion spring and a hydraulic cylinder to achieve operation control of the wind turbine unit. Since the tower and the base are not in a vertical relationship, the angle can be controlled by the hydraulic cylinder to adapt to different seawater flow rates.

[0031] 3. The tower base of the present invention is slightly tilted forward to increase the wind receiving area of ​​the wind turbine when there is wind, thereby increasing the wind energy acquisition rate. The variable pitch technology can also be used to adjust the wind turbine blades to reduce the impact of strong winds on the safety and stability of the operation of the environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine unit, control the operation of the wind turbine unit, and achieve environmental adaptation.

[0032] 4. The present invention also seals the torsion spring into the hollow concrete to prevent corrosion. Since the tower base is made of metal, a slightly inclined round table is fixed above the front end of the V-shaped base, which can keep the tower base away from the water surface to reduce corrosion and reduce later maintenance costs.

[0033] 5. Three damping plates are set up to reduce the heave of the environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine, thereby improving its stability. At the same time, the single-point mooring can adjust the direction of the base according to the flow of seawater, so that the wind turbine faces upwind and increases the power generation rate. The structure of the cylindrical buoy clamped by two concrete plates at the front can reduce the difficulty of assembly and reduce the installation and transportation costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 3 AA partial cross-sectional enlarged schematic diagram.

[0040] In the figure: the first blade 1a, the second blade 1b, the third blade 1c, the fan rotating shaft 2, the cylindrical buoy 3, the cylinder articulated seat 4, the first hydraulic cylinder 5a, the second hydraulic cylinder 5b, the first piston rod 6a, the second piston rod 6b, the fan tower 7, the tower seat 8, the first base front connecting end 9a, the second base front connecting end 9b, the first supporting base 10a, the second supporting base 10b, the V-shaped base left side structure 11, the first left side plate 11a, the second left side plate 11b, the third left side plate 11c, the fourth left side plate 11d, The fifth left side plate 11e, the sixth left side plate 11f, the seventh left side plate 11g, the V-shaped base right side structure 12, the first right side plate 12a, the second right side plate 12b, the third right side plate 12c, the fourth right side plate 12d, the fifth right side plate 12e, the sixth right side plate 12f, the seventh right side plate 12g, the first small annular plate 13a, the large annular plate 13b, the second small annular plate 13c, the first drum-shaped buoy 14a, the second drum-shaped buoy 14b, the torsion spring 15, the first connecting plate 16a, and the second connecting plate 16b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] See also Figure 1-5 An environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine generator system includes a V-shaped base, a tower base 8 is fixed on the top of the V-shaped base, a wind turbine tower 7 is fixed on the top of the tower base 8, a wind turbine is installed on the top of the wind turbine tower 7, and a wind turbine blade is installed on the wind turbine rotating shaft 2 of the wind turbine; a cylindrical buoy 3 is installed at the bottom of the V-shaped base, and a damping structure is arranged on the cylindrical buoy 3; the V-shaped base includes a first base front connecting end 9a and a second base front connecting end 9b which are arranged to rotate relatively, and the first base front connecting end 9a The end of the V-shaped base is connected to the left side structure 11 of the V-shaped base, and the end of the second base front connection end 9b is connected to the right side structure 12 of the V-shaped base; an angle adjustment mechanism for controlling the opening or closing of the first base front connection end 9a and the second base front connection end 9b is arranged between the V-shaped base left side structure 11 and the V-shaped base right side structure 12 and the wind turbine tower 7; a drum buoy assembly is installed at the end of the V-shaped base left side structure 11 and the V-shaped base right side structure 12; an anchor chain 17 is connected to the middle part of the top outer wall of the V-shaped base. The environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine can be fixed by single-point mooring in deep waters, and the angle and pitch of the bases on both sides are controlled by the angle adjustment mechanism, thereby controlling the operation of the wind turbine, so as to adapt to different seawater flow rates, wind speeds and wind directions, and achieve environmental adaptation.

[0044] Furthermore, the first base front connection end 9a and the second base front connection end 9b are formed by splicing sector-shaped hollow concrete plates, and the tower base 8 is a concrete truncated cone, which is inclined toward the side close to the anchor chain 17. Since the tower base is made of metal, a slightly inclined truncated cone is fixed above the front end of the V-shaped base, which can keep the tower base away from the water surface to reduce its corrosion and reduce the cost of later maintenance. This structure can be assembled more conveniently.

[0045] Furthermore, the V-shaped base left side structure 11 and the V-shaped base right side structure 12 are both formed by connecting a plurality of hollow concrete plates in series, each hollow concrete plate has two through holes, and two steel cables are used to connect the hollow concrete plates in series, wherein the inclined side of the hollow concrete plates faces outward. This structure can reduce water resistance and improve the stability of the foundation, and the series structure can be easily assembled and reduce installation costs.

[0046] Furthermore, the V-shaped base left side structure 11 and the V-shaped base right side structure 12 are respectively composed of seven groups of hollow concrete plates. The V-shaped base left side structure 11 specifically includes a first left side plate 11a, a second left side plate 11b, a third left side plate 11c, a fourth left side plate 11d, a fifth left side plate 11e, a sixth left side plate 11f, and a seventh left side plate 11g.

[0047] The V-shaped base right side structure 12 specifically includes a first right side plate 12a, a second right side plate 12b, a third right side plate 12c, a fourth right side plate 12d, a fifth right side plate 12e, a sixth right side plate 12f, and a seventh right side plate 12g.

[0048] Furthermore, a torsion spring 15 is provided at the center of the V-shaped base. The torsion spring 15 and the cylindrical buoy 3 are arranged coaxially. The two ends of the torsion spring 15 are connected to the first left plate 11a of the left structure 11 of the V-shaped base and the first right plate 12a of the right structure 12 of the V-shaped base; the first left plate 11a is connected to the front connecting end 9a of the first base, and the first right plate 12a is connected to the front connecting end 9b of the second base. The operation control of the wind turbine is achieved by controlling the angle between the two sides of the V-shaped base through the torsion spring and the angle adjustment mechanism. Since the tower and the base are not in a vertical relationship, the angle can be controlled by the angle adjustment mechanism to adapt to different seawater flow rates. In addition, sealing the torsion spring into the hollow concrete at the same time can prevent its corrosion.

[0049] Further, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a first support base 10a fixed on the top of the left side structure 11 of the V-shaped base, the first support base 10a is hinged to the end of the first piston rod 6a of the first hydraulic cylinder 5a, and the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder 5a is hinged to the wind turbine tower 7 through the cylinder body hinge seat 4; the other side of the cylinder body hinge seat 4 is hinged with a second hydraulic cylinder 5b, and the end of the second piston rod 6b of the second hydraulic cylinder 5b is hinged on the second support base 10b, and the second support base 10b is fixed on the top of the right side structure 12 of the V-shaped base, and the right side structure 12 of the V-shaped base is symmetrically arranged with the first support base 10a. The operation control of the wind turbine group is realized by the above-mentioned angle adjustment mechanism. Since the tower and the base are not in a vertical relationship, the angle can be controlled by the angle adjustment mechanism to adapt to different seawater flow rates. The angle control of the left side structure 11 of the V-shaped base and the right side structure 12 of the V-shaped base is realized by controlling the extension or shortening of the corresponding first piston rod 6a and second piston rod 6b by the first hydraulic cylinder 5a and the second hydraulic cylinder 5b.

[0050] Furthermore, the drum buoy assembly includes a first drum buoy 14a fixed to the end of the left structure 11 of the V-shaped base through a first connecting plate 16a; and also includes a second drum buoy 14b fixed to the end of the right structure 12 of the V-shaped base through a second connecting plate 16b; the first drum buoy 14a and the second drum buoy 14b are hollow buoys, and the radii of the upper and lower ends are smaller than the middle radius. Together with the cylindrical buoy 3 at the front end, they provide buoyancy for the wind turbine.

[0051] Furthermore, the damping structure includes a large annular plate 13b arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical buoy 3, and a first small annular plate 13a and a second small annular plate 13c are arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical buoy 3 and on both sides of the large annular plate 13b. The three damping plates can reduce the heave of the environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine, thereby improving its stability.

[0052] Furthermore, the first small annular plate 13a, the large annular plate 13b and the second small annular plate 13c are all made of concrete annular plates, and are provided with through holes of uneven size and position; a certain gap is evenly provided between the first small annular plate 13a, the large annular plate 13b and the second small annular plate 13c. This can increase the resistance of the foundation when it shakes up and down in the water, reduce the heave of the wind turbine, and improve its stability.

[0053] Furthermore, the use of single-point mooring can allow the base to adjust its direction according to the flow of seawater, so that the wind turbine faces upwind and increases the power generation rate. The structure of the two concrete slabs at the front end clamping the cylindrical buoy can reduce the difficulty of assembly and reduce installation and transportation costs.

[0054] Furthermore, the fan blades include a first blade 1a, a second blade 1b and a third blade 1c installed on the fan rotating shaft 2.

[0055] Embodiment 2:

[0056] An operation control method of an environment-adaptive floating wind turbine generator set controls an angle adjustment mechanism to open or close a V-shaped base left structure 11 and a V-shaped base right structure 12 through the angle adjustment mechanism to achieve environment adaptation;

[0057] When used in a fluid, the left side structure 11 of the V-shaped base and the right side structure 12 of the V-shaped base with a trapezoidal cross section can reduce resistance, thereby improving the stability of the wind turbine. When the flow direction of the fluid changes, the foundation can adjust the angle by means of a single-point mooring;

[0058] When the wind and waves are strong, the damping structure provides resistance to reduce the heave of the foundation;

[0059] When the wind speed is high, variable pitch technology is used to control and adjust the wind turbine blades to adapt to different wind speeds, thereby improving the stability and environmental adaptability of the wind turbine.

Claims

1. An environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine, characterized in that: It comprises a V-shaped base, a tower base (8) is fixed on the top of the V-shaped base, a wind turbine tower (7) is fixed on the top of the tower base (8), a wind turbine is mounted on the top of the wind turbine tower (7), and wind turbine blades are mounted on the wind turbine rotating shaft (2) of the wind turbine; A cylindrical buoy (3) is installed at the bottom of the V-shaped base, and a damping structure is arranged on the cylindrical buoy (3); The V-shaped base comprises a first base front connecting end (9a) and a second base front connecting end (9b) which are arranged to rotate relative to each other, the end of the first base front connecting end (9a) being connected to a V-shaped base left side structure (11), and the end of the second base front connecting end (9b) being connected to a V-shaped base right side structure (12); An angle adjustment mechanism for controlling the opening or closing of the first base front connection end (9a) and the second base front connection end (9b) is provided between the V-shaped base left side structure (11) and the V-shaped base right side structure (12) and the wind turbine tower (7); Drum-shaped buoy assemblies are installed at the ends of the V-shaped base left structure (11) and the V-shaped base right structure (12); An anchor chain (17) is connected to the middle portion of the top outer wall of the V-shaped base; The first base front connection end (9a) and the second base front connection end (9b) are formed by splicing fan-shaped hollow concrete slabs, and the tower base (8) is a concrete truncated cone, which is inclined toward a side close to the anchor chain (17); The V-shaped base left side structure (11) and the V-shaped base right side structure (12) are both formed by connecting a plurality of hollow concrete plates in series, each hollow concrete plate having two through holes, and two steel cables are used to connect the hollow concrete plates in series, wherein the inclined side of the hollow concrete plates faces outwards; A torsion spring (15) is disposed at the center of the V-shaped base. The torsion spring (15) and the cylindrical buoy (3) are coaxially arranged. Two ends of the torsion spring (15) are connected to a first left plate (11a) of a left structure (11) of the V-shaped base and a first right plate (12a) of a right structure (12) of the V-shaped base. The first left side plate (11a) is connected to the front connecting end (9a) of the first base, and the first right side plate (12a) is connected to the front connecting end (9b) of the second base.

2. The environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The V-shaped base left side structure (11) and the V-shaped base right side structure (12) are respectively composed of seven groups of hollow concrete plates.

3. The environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism comprises a first support base (10a) fixed to the top of the left side structure (11) of the V-shaped base, the first support base (10a) being hinged to the end of a first piston rod (6a) of a first hydraulic cylinder (5a), and the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder (5a) being hinged to the wind turbine tower (7) via a cylinder body hinge seat (4); A second hydraulic cylinder (5b) is hingedly connected to the other side of the cylinder articulated seat (4); the end of a second piston rod (6b) of the second hydraulic cylinder (5b) is hingedly connected to a second support base (10b); the second support base (10b) is fixed to the top of the right side structure (12) of the V-shaped base, and the right side structure (12) of the V-shaped base is symmetrically arranged with the first support base (10a).

4. The environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drum buoy assembly comprises a first drum buoy (14a) fixed to the end of the left side structure (11) of the V-shaped base via a first connecting plate (16a); It also includes a second drum-shaped buoy (14b) fixed to the end of the right side structure (12) of the V-shaped base through a second connecting plate (16b); The first drum-shaped buoy (14a) and the second drum-shaped buoy (14b) are hollow buoys, and the radii at the upper and lower ends are smaller than the middle radius.

5. The environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The damping structure comprises a large annular plate (13b) arranged on the outer wall of a cylindrical buoy (3), and a first small annular plate (13a) and a second small annular plate (13c) are arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical buoy (3) and located on both sides of the large annular plate (13b).

6. The environmentally adaptive floating wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first small annular plate (13a), the large annular plate (13b) and the second small annular plate (13c) are all made of concrete annular plates and are provided with through holes of uneven sizes and positions; a certain gap is evenly provided between the first small annular plate (13a), the large annular plate (13b) and the second small annular plate (13c); The fan blades comprise a first fan blade (1a), a second fan blade (1b) and a third fan blade (1c) which are mounted on a fan rotating shaft (2).

7. The operation control method of an environment-adaptive floating wind turbine set according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Controlling the angle adjustment mechanism to open or close the left side structure (11) of the V-shaped base and the right side structure (12) of the V-shaped base through the angle adjustment mechanism, so as to achieve self-adaptation to the environment; When used in a fluid, the V-shaped base left structure (11) and the V-shaped base right structure (12) with a trapezoidal cross section can reduce resistance, thereby improving the stability of the wind turbine. When the fluid flow direction changes, the foundation can adjust the angle by means of a single-point mooring. When the wind and waves are strong, the damping structure provides resistance to reduce the heave of the foundation; When the wind speed is high, variable pitch technology is used to control and adjust the wind turbine blades to adapt to different wind speeds, thereby improving the stability of the wind turbine and achieving environmental adaptation.

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