A manufacturing process of copper bottom ring for submerged arc furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing process of a copper bottom ring for an ore-bearing furnace, comprising the following steps: using copper materials for smelting and casting to obtain copper casting blanks for standby use; using extrusion, drawing or continuous extrusion processes to process the copper casting blanks to form square copper tubes of specified shapes and sizes; sawing the square copper tubes into required lengths, and milling the edges of both ends of the square copper tubes to form square openings matching corresponding cover plates at both ends of the square copper tubes; bending the square copper tubes by a press or a rolling device to obtain the required arc-shaped copper bottom ring body; installing two cover plates in the corresponding square openings by welding and closing the corresponding square openings, the inner wall of the square copper tube is surrounded by the two cover plates together, a cooling channel is formed inside the copper bottom ring body, and the water inlet and outlet are both connected to the cooling channel to obtain the copper bottom ring for an ore-bearing furnace. The invention has good mechanical properties and thermal conductivity, and low manufacturing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical electric furnace equipment, and in particular to a manufacturing process of a copper bottom ring for an electric arc furnace. Background Art

[0002] Submerged arc furnace is also called electric arc furnace, which is mainly used to produce ferroalloy, industrial silicon, calcium carbide, yellow phosphorus and other products. It is also commonly known as electric furnace in this industry. The bottom ring is one of the key components of the electrode holder, which is used to protect other components of the electrode holder, so that the bottom of the protective screen and contact element is not damaged by high-temperature flue gas, and isolate the high-temperature flue gas from entering the electrode holder to avoid damaging the conductive tube, contact element and other components inside the electrode holder.

[0003] There are two types of existing bottom rings of submerged arc furnaces: one is a cast copper bottom ring; the other is a forged copper bottom ring.

[0004] The cast copper bottom ring is made by direct casting or pre-buried copper tube casting. The cast copper bottom ring has material defects that cannot be fundamentally eliminated during the casting process (for example, there is loose casting structure, pores, slag inclusions and cracks inside the copper bottom ring, etc.), and the cast copper bottom ring body has poor mechanical properties and poor thermal conductivity. The bottom ring formed by pre-buried copper tube casting is prone to varying degrees of air gap thermal resistance inside because the pure copper matrix and the pre-buried copper tube are not completely fused, resulting in reduced thermal conductivity of the overall component. In a high-temperature working environment, the bottom ring is prone to thermal deformation. These casting defects expand with the occurrence of deformation, seriously affecting the reliability of the bottom ring.

[0005] The forged copper bottom ring is made of forged copper plate, which is drilled with deep holes to form cooling water channels (the holes are usually drilled from the side, bottom or outer arc surface), welded with plugs, cover plates and inlet and outlet water pipes on the top surface after bending the plate. The welds produced when welding the plugs on this forged copper bottom ring are exposed to high temperature environment for a long time. During use, cracks occasionally appear in the welds, causing water leakage. Moreover, although this forged copper bottom ring solves the various defects of the cast copper bottom ring, its manufacturing process is complicated and the manufacturing cost is high, which is limited in practical application and promotion. In addition, the forged copper bottom ring uses a solid copper plate, which is heavy and has a high material cost. Summary of the invention

[0006] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a manufacturing process for a copper bottom ring for an electric arc furnace. The copper bottom ring for an electric arc furnace manufactured by the process has good mechanical properties and thermal conductivity and low manufacturing cost.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A manufacturing process for a copper bottom ring for an electric arc furnace, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0009] (1) Smelting and casting copper materials to obtain copper ingots for future use;

[0010] Two cover plates are manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing for backup;

[0011] (2) Processing the copper ingot by extrusion, drawing or continuous extrusion to form a square copper tube of specified shape and size;

[0012] (3) sawing the square copper tube into the required length, and milling the edges of both ends of the square copper tube to form square openings matching the corresponding cover plates at both ends of the square copper tube;

[0013] (4) bending the square copper tube obtained in step (3) by a press or a bending device to obtain the required arc-shaped copper bottom ring body;

[0014] And before or after bending forming, a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole are processed on the cold surface of the copper bottom ring body;

[0015] (5) The two cover plates are installed in the corresponding square openings by welding and the corresponding square openings are closed. The inner wall of the square copper tube is surrounded by the two cover plates to form a cooling channel inside the copper bottom ring body. The water inlet and outlet holes in step (4) are connected to the cooling channel to obtain a copper bottom ring for an electric arc furnace.

[0016] Usually, the side of the copper bottom ring body facing the furnace cavity of the submerged arc furnace is the hot side (facing downward), and the side facing away from the furnace cavity of the submerged arc furnace is the cold side (facing upward).

[0017] The square copper tube in the above step (2) refers to a copper tube whose outer and inner edges are both square (rectangular) in shape.

[0018] The arc-shaped copper bottom ring body in the above step (4): the corresponding central angle can be up to 360 degrees, that is, a circular ring.

[0019] The square copper tube is made by extrusion, drawing or continuous extrusion process. The square copper tube has high mechanical strength, high hardness, good thermal conductivity, good wear resistance, and dense material. There are no casting defects such as loose internal structure, pores, slag inclusions and cracks. The air gap thermal resistance caused by incomplete fusion during the buried tube casting process is eliminated, and it has good cooling effect and longer service life. The present invention uses a square copper tube with a cavity structure, which can greatly reduce the overall weight and cost of the copper bottom ring body after processing, and is easier to promote and apply.

[0020] After the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace in step (5) is obtained, it is also necessary to conduct a finished product inspection on the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace: strictly check the dimensions of the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace according to the requirements of the drawing, and then pass water through the cooling channel of the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace after confirming that there is no error, and conduct a water pressure test at a pressure of 0.8 MPa to ensure that there is no leakage for 30 minutes; then conduct a PT test on the weld on the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace to ensure that the weld meets the specified grade requirements; finally, clean the surface moisture, oil stains, etc. of the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace, and seal it before packaging and storage.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, in step (2), while a square copper tube of a specified shape and size is formed by extrusion, drawing or continuous extrusion, at least one straight partition integrally connected to the square copper tube is formed in the inner cavity of the square copper tube; when the square copper tube in step (4) is bent, the straight partition in the square copper tube is also bent into an arc-shaped partition along with the square copper tube; in step (5), the inner wall of the square copper tube, the two cover plates and the arc-shaped partitions together form the cooling channel. The above-mentioned straight partitions mainly play the role of diversion and partition. The inner cavity of the square copper tube is divided into the required water-passing routes as needed by using straight partitions, and then the cooling channel is formed by the inner wall of the square copper tube and the two cover plates, which can make the cooling more intensive and uniform.

[0022] In another preferred embodiment, in step (1), at least one straight strip partition is manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing for standby use; in step (3), an upper positioning groove with a notch facing downward is formed on the upper wall of the inner cavity of the milled square copper tube by drilling or continuous extrusion, and a lower positioning groove with a notch facing upward is formed on the lower wall of the inner cavity of the square copper tube by drilling or continuous extrusion, and the upper positioning groove and the lower positioning groove are arranged opposite to each other in the upper and lower directions; the upper edge of the straight strip partition is inserted into the upper positioning groove, and the lower edge of the straight strip partition is inserted into the lower positioning groove; when the square copper tube in step (4) is bent, the straight strip partition in the square copper tube is also bent into an arc-shaped partition along with the square copper tube; the inner wall of the square copper tube, the two cover plates and the arc-shaped partitions together form the cooling channel in step (5).

[0023] In a further preferred embodiment, in step (3), the upper positioning groove has the same shape as the upper edge of the corresponding straight strip partition, and the opening width of the upper positioning groove matches the thickness of the upper edge of the corresponding straight strip partition; the lower positioning groove has the same shape as the lower edge of the corresponding straight strip partition, and the opening width of the lower positioning groove matches the thickness of the lower edge of the corresponding straight strip partition. This waterway design of embedding the straight strip partition in the upper positioning groove and the lower positioning groove is simple to process and reduces the amount of welding.

[0024] In a further preferred embodiment, in step (3), the end of the straight strip partition is welded to the inner wall of the square copper tube. This arrangement can minimize or even avoid the misalignment of the arc partition.

[0025] In a further preferred embodiment, in step (1), a water outlet partition is manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing and is ready for use; in step (3), the inner end of the water outlet partition is welded to the edge of one end of the straight strip partition, and the edge of the water outlet partition is tightly matched or welded to the inner wall of the square copper tube. The above definition of inside and outside: the side close to the center of the copper bottom ring body is the inside, and the side away from the center of the copper bottom ring body is the outside.

[0026] In a further preferred embodiment, in step (1), the number of straight strip partitions is two; in step (5), a first water flow gap is left between the two ends of the arc-shaped partition on the inner side of the square copper tube and the corresponding cover plate, a water outlet partition separates a cover plate from one end of the arc-shaped partition on the outer side of the square copper tube, a second water flow gap is left between the water outlet partition and one end of the arc-shaped partition on the outer side of the square copper tube, and the other end of the arc-shaped partition on the outer side of the square copper tube is tightly matched with the corresponding cover plate. Through this arrangement, the cavity of the square copper tube is divided into a cooling channel that extends back and forth inside and outside the square copper tube, the water inlet hole is at one end of the cooling channel, and the water outlet hole is at the other end of the cooling channel. The two arc-shaped partitions divide the inner cavity of the square copper tube into a cooling channel that extends back and forth inside and outside the square copper tube, reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the cooling water passing through the channel, ensuring a faster flow rate and reducing the cooling water vortex dead water area, making it less prone to scaling, achieving better use effects, and being able to better extend the service life of the copper bottom ring.

[0027] In a further preferred embodiment, in step (1), one end of the straight strip partition is bent to form a water outlet partition for standby use; in step (3), the edge of the water outlet partition is tightly matched or welded to the inner wall of the square copper tube. With this arrangement, the inner end of the water outlet partition is integrally connected to the edge of one end of the straight strip partition.

[0028] In a further preferred embodiment, the straight strip partition is made of copper, copper alloy or steel, and the steel may be carbon steel or stainless steel.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, in step (5), the edge of the cover plate is connected to the edge of the square opening by an annular weld. Before the annular weld is formed, it is necessary to remove impurities such as scale, oil stains, etc. around the edge of the cover plate and the edge of the square opening. The above welding is generally performed by arc welding or laser welding.

[0030] In a further preferred embodiment, in step (5), material is removed from the inner edge of the square opening by milling or turning to form a cover plate mounting groove; and then the two cover plates are respectively mounted in the corresponding cover plate mounting grooves.

[0031] In the preferred embodiment, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are prepared in advance and are ready for use; the lower end interface of the water inlet pipe is installed in the water inlet hole in step (5) by welding, and the lower end interface of the water outlet pipe is installed in the water outlet hole in step (5) by welding. The pre-processed water inlet pipe is assembled and welded to the water inlet hole, and the lower end interface of the water inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet hole; the pre-processed water outlet pipe is assembled and welded to the water outlet hole, and the lower end interface of the water outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet hole. Usually, the materials of the above-mentioned water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe are stainless steel, copper or copper alloy.

[0032] In a further preferred embodiment, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe both include an upper steel pipe and a lower copper pipe, the lower end interface of the upper steel pipe is welded to the upper end interface of the lower copper pipe, and the lower end interface of the lower copper pipe constitutes the lower end interface of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. The water inlet and outlet pipes adopt a copper-steel butt joint structure, which can facilitate the welding of the external steel pipe on site with the upper end interface of the upper steel pipe.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the copper material used in step (1) is electrolytic copper or copper alloy.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, in step (1), the cover plate is made of pure copper or copper alloy. The copper alloy may be copper-chromium alloy, copper-zirconium alloy or copper-silver alloy. The copper bottom ring body and cover plate made of pure copper or copper alloy have excellent thermal conductivity, which can improve the cooling effect and thus extend the service life of the copper bottom ring.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, in step (1), a plurality of lifting ears are manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing, and a lifting hole is provided on the top of each lifting ear for standby use; and then the bottom of each lifting ear is installed on the cold surface of the copper bottom ring body in step (5). The above-mentioned lifting ears can be connected to the cold surface of the copper bottom ring body by welding, or by the cooperation of bolts and screw holes, or by being connected to the cold surface of the copper bottom ring body as an integral unit. A lifting ear is provided on the cold surface of the copper bottom ring body, and the copper bottom ring body can be lifted up more conveniently through the lifting hole. In a more preferred embodiment, the material of the lifting ear is stainless steel.

[0036] In the preferred embodiment, in step (2), the specific steps of making the square copper tube by extrusion process are as follows:

[0037] (2-1) Raw material cutting: Cut the copper ingot into segments according to a certain length;

[0038] (2-2) Billet heating: The copper billet is heated to facilitate deformation during the extrusion process;

[0039] (2-3) Tube billet sizing: The copper billet is loaded into the sizing device so that its diameter reaches the inner diameter of the extrusion die to ensure the diameter accuracy of the extruded copper tube;

[0040] (2-4) Extrusion molding: After the copper billet passes through the sizing device, it is sequentially passed into the extrusion die. Through the pressure of the die and the extrusion of the extruder, the copper billet is deformed into a square copper tube of the desired shape through a series of processes in the die;

[0041] (2-5) Cutting to length: Cut the square copper tube into the required length for easy transportation and use.

[0042] In the preferred embodiment, in step (2), the specific steps of making the square copper tube by drawing process are as follows:

[0043] (2-1) Selecting appropriate copper ingots for preparatory processing (such as cutting, opening and steam cleaning of the copper ingots);

[0044] (2-2) The copper ingot is heated and then sent to a forming machine for forming to obtain a semi-finished square copper tube;

[0045] (2-3) After cleaning, cutting, sealing, etc., the semi-finished square copper tube is sent to the annealing furnace for annealing to remove residual internal stress and make the semi-finished square copper tube more uniform;

[0046] (2-4) After drawing, straightening and cutting, the finished square copper tubes are made and put into storage after various tests.

[0047] In the preferred embodiment, in step (2), the specific steps of making the square copper tube by continuous extrusion process are as follows:

[0048] (2-1) Preparation before extrusion: Process the copper ingot into the required length and diameter, and then go through cleaning and degreasing processes;

[0049] (2-2) Operation process of the extruder: the copper ingot is sent to the heating furnace for preheating, and then sent to the extruder for extrusion; by setting different extrusion dies, square copper tubes of different diameters and sizes can be prepared;

[0050] (2-3) Inspection and processing after extrusion: The size, wall thickness and surface quality of the square copper tube after extrusion are inspected, and then subsequent processing and heat treatment are carried out as needed.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0052] The manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for the electric arc furnace has good mechanical properties and thermal conductivity, high reliability in use, low manufacturing cost, and is easier to promote and apply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of water in the cooling channel in the specific embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cooling channel in the specific embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a square copper tube in a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc-shaped partition in a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the arc-shaped copper bottom ring body in the specific embodiment 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] As shown in Figures 1-6, the manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0062] (1) Smelting and casting copper materials to obtain copper ingots for future use;

[0063] Two cover plates 2 are manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing for standby use;

[0064] (2) processing the copper ingot by extrusion, drawing or continuous extrusion to form a square copper tube 3 of a specified shape and size;

[0065] (3) sawing the square copper tube 3 into a required length, and performing milling processing on the edges of both ends of the square copper tube 3, so as to form square openings 31 matching the corresponding cover plates 2 at both ends of the square copper tube 3;

[0066] (4) bending the square copper tube 3 obtained in step (3) by a press or a bending device to obtain the required arc-shaped copper bottom ring body 1;

[0067] And before or after the bending forming, the water inlet hole 33 and the water outlet hole 34 are processed on the cold surface 11 of the copper bottom ring body 1;

[0068] (5) The two cover plates 2 are installed in the corresponding square openings 31 by welding and the corresponding square openings 31 are closed. The inner wall of the square copper tube 3 is surrounded by the two cover plates 2, and a cooling channel 32 is formed inside the copper bottom ring body 1. The water inlet hole 33 and the water outlet hole 34 in step (4) are both connected to the cooling channel 32, thereby obtaining a copper bottom ring for an electric arc furnace.

[0069] Usually, the side of the copper bottom ring body 1 facing the furnace cavity of the submerged arc furnace is a hot side (facing downward), and the side facing away from the furnace cavity of the submerged arc furnace is a cold side 11 (facing upward).

[0070] The square copper tube 3 in the above step (2) refers to a copper tube whose outer edge and inner edge of the cross section are both square (rectangular) in shape.

[0071] The arc-shaped copper bottom ring body 1 in the above step (4) has a corresponding central angle of up to 360 degrees, i.e., a circular ring shape.

[0072] The square copper tube 3 is made by extrusion, drawing or continuous extrusion process. The square copper tube 3 has high mechanical strength, high hardness, good thermal conductivity, good wear resistance, and dense material. There are no casting defects such as loose internal structure, pores, slag inclusions and cracks. The air gap thermal resistance caused by incomplete fusion during the buried tube casting process is eliminated, and it has good cooling effect and longer service life. The present invention uses a square copper tube 3 with a cavity structure, which can greatly reduce the overall weight and cost of the copper bottom ring body 1 after processing, and is easier to promote and apply.

[0073] After the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace in step (5) is obtained, it is also necessary to conduct a finished product inspection on the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace: strictly check the dimensions of the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace according to the requirements of the drawing, and then pass water through the cooling channel 32 of the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace after confirming that there is no error, and conduct a water pressure test at a pressure of 0.8 MPa to ensure that there is no leakage for 30 minutes; then conduct a PT test on the weld on the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace to ensure that the weld meets the specified grade requirements; finally, clean the surface moisture, oil stains, etc. of the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace, and seal it before packaging and storage.

[0074] In step (1), at least one straight strip partition is manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing for standby use; in step (3), an upper positioning groove 35 with a notch facing downward is formed on the upper wall of the inner cavity of the milled square copper tube 3 by drilling or continuous extrusion, and a lower positioning groove 36 with a notch facing upward is formed on the lower wall of the inner cavity of the square copper tube 3 by drilling or continuous extrusion, and the upper positioning groove 35 and the lower positioning groove 36 are arranged opposite to each other in the upper and lower directions; the upper edge of the straight strip partition is inserted into the upper positioning groove 35, and the lower edge of the straight strip partition is inserted into the lower positioning groove 36; when the square copper tube 3 in step (4) is bent, the straight strip partition in the square copper tube 3 is also bent into an arc-shaped partition 4 along with the square copper tube 3; the inner wall of the square copper tube 3, the two cover plates 2 and the arc-shaped partitions 4 together form the cooling channel 32 in step (5).

[0075] In step (3), the shape profile of the upper positioning groove 35 is the same as the shape profile of the upper edge of the corresponding straight strip partition, and the opening width of the upper positioning groove 35 matches the thickness of the upper edge of the corresponding straight strip partition; the shape profile of the lower positioning groove 36 is the same as the shape profile of the lower edge of the corresponding straight strip partition, and the opening width of the lower positioning groove 36 matches the thickness of the lower edge of the corresponding straight strip partition. This waterway design of embedding the straight strip partition in the upper positioning groove 35 and the lower positioning groove 36 is simple to process and reduces the amount of welding.

[0076] In step (3), the end of the straight strip partition is welded to the inner wall of the square copper tube 3. Through this arrangement, the misalignment of the arc partition 4 can be reduced as much as possible or even avoided.

[0077] In step (1), the water outlet partition plate 5 is manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing and is ready for use; in step (3), the inner end of the water outlet partition plate 5 is welded to the edge of one end of the straight strip partition plate, and the edge of the water outlet partition plate 5 is tightly matched or welded to the inner wall of the square copper tube 3. The above definition of inside and outside: the side close to the center of the copper bottom ring body 1 is the inside, and the side away from the center of the copper bottom ring body 1 is the outside.

[0078] In step (1), there are two straight strip partitions; in step (5), first water flow gaps 37 are respectively left between the two ends of the arc partition 4 on the inner side of the square copper tube 3 and the corresponding cover plate 2, the water outlet partition 5 separates a cover plate 2 from one end of the arc partition 4 on the outer side of the square copper tube 3, a second water flow gap 38 is left between the water outlet partition 5 and one end of the arc partition 4 on the outer side of the square copper tube 3, and the other end of the arc partition 4 on the outer side of the square copper tube 3 is tightly matched with the corresponding cover plate 2. Through this arrangement, the cavity of the square copper tube 3 is divided into a cooling channel 32 that extends back and forth inside and outside the square copper tube 3, the water inlet 33 is at one end of the cooling channel 32, and the water outlet 34 is at the other end of the cooling channel 32. The two arc-shaped partitions 4 divide the inner cavity of the square copper tube 3 into a cooling channel 32 that extends back and forth inside and outside the square copper tube 3, reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the cooling water passing through the channel, ensuring a faster flow rate and reducing the cooling water vortex dead water area, making it less prone to scaling, having a better use effect, and being able to better extend the service life of the copper bottom ring.

[0079] The material of the straight strip partition is copper, copper alloy or steel. The steel can be carbon steel or stainless steel.

[0080] In step (5), the edge of the cover plate 2 is connected to the edge of the square opening 31 through an annular weld. Before the annular weld is formed, it is necessary to remove impurities such as scale, oil stains, etc. around the edge of the cover plate 2 and the edge of the square opening 31. The above welding is generally performed by arc welding or laser welding.

[0081] In a further preferred embodiment, in step (5), material is removed from the inner edge of the square opening 31 by milling or turning to form a cover plate mounting groove 21; and then the two cover plates 2 are respectively mounted in the corresponding cover plate mounting grooves 21.

[0082] Prepare the water inlet pipe 6 and the water outlet pipe 7 in advance and keep them ready for use; install the lower end interface of the water inlet pipe 6 in the water inlet hole 33 in step (5) by welding, and install the lower end interface of the water outlet pipe 7 in the water outlet hole 34 in step (5) by welding. Assemble and weld the pre-processed water inlet pipe 6 and the water inlet hole 33 into one piece, and the lower end interface of the water inlet pipe 6 is connected to the water inlet hole 33; Assemble and weld the pre-processed water outlet pipe 7 and the water outlet hole 34 into one piece, and the lower end interface of the water outlet pipe 7 is connected to the water outlet hole 34. Usually, the materials of the above-mentioned water inlet pipe 6 and water outlet pipe 7 are stainless steel, copper or copper alloy.

[0083] The water inlet pipe 6 and the water outlet pipe 7 both include an upper steel pipe 61 and a lower copper pipe 62. The lower end interface of the upper steel pipe 61 is welded to the upper end interface of the lower copper pipe 62, and the lower end interface of the lower copper pipe 62 constitutes the lower end interface of the water inlet pipe 6 and the water outlet pipe 7. The water inlet and outlet pipes 7 adopt a copper-steel butt joint structure, which can facilitate the welding of the external steel pipe on site with the upper end interface of the upper steel pipe 61.

[0084] The copper material used in step (1) is electrolytic copper or copper alloy.

[0085] In step (1), the cover plate 2 is made of pure copper or copper alloy. The copper alloy may be copper-chromium alloy, copper-zirconium alloy or copper-silver alloy. The copper bottom ring body 1 and the cover plate 2 made of pure copper or copper alloy have excellent thermal conductivity, which can improve the cooling effect and thus extend the service life of the copper bottom ring.

[0086] In step (1), a plurality of lifting ears 8 are manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing, and a lifting hole 81 is provided at the top of each lifting ear 8 for standby use; then the bottom of each lifting ear 8 is installed on the cold surface 11 of the copper bottom ring body 1 of the step (5). The above-mentioned lifting ears 8 can be connected to the cold surface 11 of the copper bottom ring body 1 by welding, or can be connected to the cold surface 11 of the copper bottom ring body 1 by the cooperation of bolts and screw holes, or can be connected to the cold surface 11 of the copper bottom ring body 1 as a whole. The lifting ears 8 are arranged on the cold surface 11 of the copper bottom ring body 1, and the copper bottom ring body 1 can be lifted up more conveniently through the lifting holes. In a more preferred embodiment, the material of the lifting ears 8 is stainless steel.

[0087] In step (2), the specific steps of making the square copper tube 3 by extrusion process are as follows:

[0088] (2-1) Raw material cutting: Cut the copper ingot into segments according to a certain length;

[0089] (2-2) Billet heating: The copper billet is heated to facilitate deformation during the extrusion process;

[0090] (2-3) Tube billet sizing: The copper billet is loaded into the sizing device so that its diameter reaches the inner diameter of the extrusion die to ensure the diameter accuracy of the extruded copper tube;

[0091] (2-4) Extrusion molding: After passing through the sizing device, the copper billet is sequentially passed into the extrusion die. Through the pressure of the die and the extrusion of the extruder, the copper billet is deformed into a square copper tube of the desired shape through a series of processes in the die 3;

[0092] (2-5) Cutting to length: Cut the square copper tube 3 into the required length for easy transportation and use.

[0093] Example 2

[0094] The manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace in this embodiment is different from that in Embodiment 1 in that:

[0095] In step (2), while a square copper tube 3 of a specified shape and size is formed by extrusion, drawing or continuous extrusion process, at least one straight strip partition integrally connected to the square copper tube 3 is formed in the inner cavity of the square copper tube 3; when the square copper tube 3 in step (4) is bent, the straight strip partition in the square copper tube 3 is also bent into an arc-shaped partition 4 along with the square copper tube 3; in step (5), the inner wall of the square copper tube 3, the two cover plates 2 and the arc-shaped partitions 4 together form the cooling channel 32. The above-mentioned straight strip partitions mainly play the role of diversion and partition. The inner cavity of the square copper tube 3 is divided into the required water-passing routes as needed by using straight strip partitions, and then the cooling channel 32 is formed by the inner wall of the square copper tube 3 and the two cover plates 2, so that the cooling can be more intensive and uniform.

[0096] Example 3

[0097] The manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for the submerged arc furnace in this embodiment is different from that in Embodiment 1 in that:

[0098] In step (1), one end of the straight strip partition is bent to form a water outlet partition plate 5 for standby use; in step (3), the edge of the water outlet partition plate 5 is tightly matched or welded to the inner wall of the square copper tube 3. Through this arrangement, the inner end of the water outlet partition plate 5 is integrally connected to the edge of one end of the straight strip partition plate.

[0099] In addition, it should be noted that the names of the various parts of the specific embodiments described in this specification may be different, and any equivalent or simple changes made based on the structure, features and principles described in the patent concept of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the patent of the present invention. The technicians in the technical field of the present invention can make various modifications or supplements to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A manufacturing process for a copper bottom ring for an electric arc furnace, characterized in that The steps include: (1) Smelting and casting copper materials to obtain copper ingots for future use; Two cover plates are manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing for backup; (2) Processing the copper ingot by extrusion, drawing or continuous extrusion to form a square copper tube of specified shape and size; At the same time, at least one straight strip partition integrally connected to the square copper tube is formed in the inner cavity of the square copper tube; (3) sawing the square copper tube into the required length, and milling the edges of both ends of the square copper tube to form square openings matching the corresponding cover plates at both ends of the square copper tube; (4) bending the square copper tube obtained in step (3) by a press or a bending device to obtain the required arc-shaped copper bottom ring body; When the square copper tube is bent, the straight strip partition inside the square copper tube is also bent into an arc-shaped partition along with the square copper tube; And before or after bending forming, a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole are processed on the cold surface of the copper bottom ring body; (5) The two cover plates are installed in the corresponding square openings by welding and the corresponding square openings are closed. The inner wall of the square copper tube, the two cover plates and the arc-shaped partitions are surrounded together to form a cooling channel inside the copper bottom ring body. The water inlet and outlet holes in step (4) are both connected to the cooling channel to obtain a copper bottom ring for an electric arc furnace.

2. The manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for a submerged arc furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (5), the edge of the cover plate is connected to the edge of the square opening via an annular weld; In the step (5), material is removed from the inner edge of the square opening by milling or turning to form a cover plate mounting groove; and then the two cover plates are respectively mounted in the corresponding cover plate mounting grooves.

3. The manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for a submerged arc furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Prepare the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe in advance and keep them ready for use; install the lower end interface of the water inlet pipe in the water inlet hole in step (5) by welding, and install the lower end interface of the water outlet pipe in the water outlet hole in step (5) by welding; The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe both include an upper steel pipe and a lower copper pipe, the lower end interface of the upper steel pipe is welded to the upper end interface of the lower copper pipe, and the lower end interface of the lower copper pipe constitutes the lower end interface of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe; The copper material used in step (1) is electrolytic copper or copper alloy; In the step (1), the cover plate is made of pure copper or copper alloy; In the step (1), a plurality of lifting ears are manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing, and a lifting hole is provided at the top of each lifting ear for standby use; and then the bottom of each lifting ear is mounted on the cold surface of the copper bottom ring body in the step (5); In step (2), the specific steps of making the square copper tube by extrusion process are as follows: (2-1) Raw material cutting: Cut the copper ingot into segments according to a certain length; (2-2) Billet heating: The copper billet is heated to facilitate deformation during the extrusion process; (2-3) Tube billet sizing: The copper billet is loaded into the sizing device so that its diameter reaches the inner diameter of the extrusion die to ensure the diameter accuracy of the extruded copper tube; (2-4) Extrusion molding: After the copper billet passes through the sizing device, it is sequentially passed into the extrusion die. Through the pressure of the die and the extrusion of the extruder, the copper billet is deformed into a square copper tube of the desired shape through a series of processes in the die; (2-5) Cutting to length: Cut the square copper tube into the required length for easy transportation and use; Alternatively, in step (2), the specific steps of making the square copper tube by drawing process are as follows: (2-1) Selecting appropriate copper ingots for preparatory processing, including cutting, opening and steam cleaning of the copper ingots; (2-2) The copper ingot is heated and then sent to a forming machine for forming to obtain a semi-finished square copper tube; (2-3) After cleaning, cutting, sealing, etc., the semi-finished square copper tube is sent to the annealing furnace for annealing to remove residual internal stress and make the semi-finished square copper tube more uniform; (2-4) After drawing, straightening and cutting, the finished square copper tubes are made and put into storage after various tests; Alternatively, in step (2), the specific steps of making the square copper tube by continuous extrusion process are as follows: (2-1) Preparation before extrusion: Process the copper ingot into the required length and diameter, and then clean and degrease it; (2-2) Operation process of the extruder: the copper ingot is sent to the heating furnace for preheating, and then sent to the extruder for extrusion; by setting different extrusion dies, square copper tubes of different diameters and sizes can be prepared; (2-3) Inspection and processing after extrusion: The size, wall thickness and surface quality of the square copper tube after extrusion are inspected, and then subsequent processing and heat treatment are carried out as needed.

4. A manufacturing process for a copper bottom ring for an electric arc furnace, characterized in that The steps include: (1) Smelting and casting copper materials to obtain copper ingots for future use; Two cover plates are manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing for backup; At least one straight strip partition is manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing for standby use; (2) Processing the copper ingot by extrusion, drawing or continuous extrusion to form a square copper tube of specified shape and size; (3) sawing the square copper tube into the required length, and milling the edges of both ends of the square copper tube to form square openings matching the corresponding cover plates at both ends of the square copper tube; An upper positioning groove with a notch facing downward is formed on the inner cavity upper wall of the milled square copper tube by drilling or continuous extrusion process, and a lower positioning groove with a notch facing upward is formed on the inner cavity lower wall of the square copper tube by drilling or continuous extrusion process, and the upper positioning groove and the lower positioning groove are arranged opposite to each other up and down; the upper edge of the straight strip partition is inserted into the upper positioning groove, and the lower edge of the straight strip partition is inserted into the lower positioning groove; (4) bending the square copper tube obtained in step (3) by a press or a bending device to obtain the required arc-shaped copper bottom ring body; When the square copper tube is bent, the straight strip partition inside the square copper tube is also bent into an arc-shaped partition along with the square copper tube; And before or after bending forming, a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole are processed on the cold surface of the copper bottom ring body; (5) The two cover plates are installed in the corresponding square openings by welding and the corresponding square openings are closed. The inner wall of the square copper tube, the two cover plates and the arc-shaped partitions are surrounded together to form a cooling channel inside the copper bottom ring body. The water inlet and outlet holes in step (4) are both connected to the cooling channel to obtain a copper bottom ring for an electric arc furnace.

5. The manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for a submerged arc furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (3), the shape profile of the upper positioning groove is the same as the shape profile of the upper edge of the corresponding straight strip separator, and the opening width of the upper positioning groove matches the thickness of the upper edge of the corresponding straight strip separator; The shape profile of the lower positioning groove is the same as the shape profile of the lower edge of the corresponding straight strip partition, and the opening width of the lower positioning groove matches the thickness of the lower edge of the corresponding straight strip partition; In the step (3), the end of the straight strip partition is welded to the inner wall of the square copper tube.

6. The manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for a submerged arc furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (1), a water outlet partition plate is manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing and is set aside; in the step (3), the inner end of the water outlet partition plate is welded to the edge of one end of the straight strip partition plate, and the edge of the water outlet partition plate is tightly matched or welded to the inner wall of the square copper tube.

7. The manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for a submerged arc furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step (1), the number of the straight strip partitions is two; in the step (5), a first water flow gap is left between the two ends of the arc-shaped partition located on the inner side of the square copper tube and the corresponding cover plates, the water outlet partition plate separates a cover plate from one end of the arc-shaped partition located on the outer side of the square copper tube, a second water flow gap is left between the water outlet partition plate and one end of the arc-shaped partition located on the outer side of the square copper tube, and the other end of the arc-shaped partition located on the outer side of the square copper tube is tightly matched with the corresponding cover plate.

8. The manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for a submerged arc furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (1), one end of the straight strip partition is bent to form a water outlet partition for standby use; in the step (3), the edge of the water outlet partition is tightly matched or welded to the inner wall of the square copper tube; The material of the straight strip partition is copper, copper alloy or steel.

9. The manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for a submerged arc furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (5), the edge of the cover plate is connected to the edge of the square opening via an annular weld; In the step (5), material is removed from the inner edge of the square opening by milling or turning to form a cover plate mounting groove; and then the two cover plates are respectively mounted in the corresponding cover plate mounting grooves.

10. The manufacturing process of the copper bottom ring for a submerged arc furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: Prepare the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe in advance and keep them ready for use; install the lower end interface of the water inlet pipe in the water inlet hole in step (5) by welding, and install the lower end interface of the water outlet pipe in the water outlet hole in step (5) by welding; The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe both include an upper steel pipe and a lower copper pipe, the lower end interface of the upper steel pipe is welded to the upper end interface of the lower copper pipe, and the lower end interface of the lower copper pipe constitutes the lower end interface of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe; The copper material used in step (1) is electrolytic copper or copper alloy; In the step (1), the cover plate is made of pure copper or copper alloy; In the step (1), a plurality of lifting ears are manufactured by machining or additive manufacturing, and a lifting hole is provided at the top of each lifting ear for standby use; and then the bottom of each lifting ear is mounted on the cold surface of the copper bottom ring body in the step (5); In step (2), the specific steps of making the square copper tube by extrusion process are as follows: (2-1) Raw material cutting: Cut the copper ingot into segments according to a certain length; (2-2) Billet heating: The copper billet is heated to facilitate deformation during the extrusion process; (2-3) Tube billet sizing: The copper billet is loaded into the sizing device so that its diameter reaches the inner diameter of the extrusion die to ensure the diameter accuracy of the extruded copper tube; (2-4) Extrusion molding: After the copper billet passes through the sizing device, it is sequentially passed into the extrusion die. Through the pressure of the die and the extrusion of the extruder, the copper billet is deformed into a square copper tube of the desired shape through a series of processes in the die; (2-5) Cutting to length: Cut the square copper tube into the required length for easy transportation and use; Alternatively, in step (2), the specific steps of making the square copper tube by drawing process are as follows: (2-1) Selecting appropriate copper ingots for preparatory processing, including cutting, opening and steam cleaning of the copper ingots; (2-2) The copper ingot is heated and then sent to a forming machine for forming to obtain a semi-finished square copper tube; (2-3) After cleaning, cutting, sealing, etc., the semi-finished square copper tube is sent to the annealing furnace for annealing to remove residual internal stress and make the semi-finished square copper tube more uniform; (2-4) After drawing, straightening and cutting, the finished square copper tubes are made and put into storage after various tests; Alternatively, in step (2), the specific steps of making the square copper tube by continuous extrusion process are as follows: (2-1) Preparation before extrusion: Process the copper ingot into the required length and diameter, and then clean and degrease it; (2-2) Operation process of the extruder: the copper ingot is sent to the heating furnace for preheating, and then sent to the extruder for extrusion; by setting different extrusion dies, square copper tubes of different diameters and sizes can be prepared; (2-3) Inspection and processing after extrusion: The size, wall thickness and surface quality of the square copper tube after extrusion are inspected, and then subsequent processing and heat treatment are carried out as needed.

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