Drilling head

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a drill pipe power head, including a driving mechanism, a speed reduction mechanism, an output shaft mechanism and a clamping mechanism, wherein the clamping mechanism includes a telescopic part, a pressure cylinder and a clamping claw, a core cover is arranged in an outer cover and can freely move relative to the output shaft in the axial direction, a spring is arranged between one end of the core cover and the bottom cover, and the other end is pressed against the top cover and the piston, in the clamping state, the elastic force of the spring overcomes the pressure of the pressure fluid to press the core cover in the first position, so that the core cover pushes the clamping claw to clamp the drill pipe, and in the loosening state, the pressure of the pressure fluid overcomes the elastic force of the spring to press the core cover in the second position, so that the core cover releases the clamping claw to loosen the drill pipe. According to the present disclosure, the structural size of the power head is simplified, the rotation stability of the power head is improved, and the safety of the drill pipe clamping operation is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of engineering drilling, and in particular to a drill pipe power head. Background Art

[0002] The drill pipe power head is used for engineering exploration drilling rigs and tunnel drilling rigs. The power head is used to clamp and drive the drill pipe to rotate for drilling. When the drill bit is pulled out of the borehole after the traditional drill pipe power head has completed the hole, the clamping function of the power head often disappears due to engine or other failures, causing the drill pipe to slip into the well and thus resulting in a waste hole. To solve this problem, the prior art uses a technical solution of spring clamping and hydraulic drive loosening. For example, the patent (CN202123059544.X) discloses a drill pipe hydraulic clamp that uses the spring pressure of a nitrogen spring as the holding force for clamping the drill pipe. Even if the engine or hydraulic system fails, the spring pressure can prevent the drill pipe from loosening. However, the distributed arrangement of multiple hydraulic cylinders leads to an increase in the size of the power head and a complex structure, and the actions of multiple hydraulic cylinders are prone to inconsistency, which is not conducive to use in engineering drilling construction.

[0003] On the other hand, the reduction structure of the drill pipe power head is also a key technology in the industry. The traditional drill pipe power head adopts a reduction structure in which the hydraulic motor and the drill pipe are coaxially arranged, such as a planetary gear reduction structure, which unnecessarily increases the length of the power head and is not conducive to construction use. To solve this problem, the existing technology adopts a gear reduction structure in which the motor and the drill pipe are arranged side by side. However, in actual use, this solution often causes the center line of the drill pipe to deviate, resulting in excessive vibration and drill pipe jamming during construction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a drilling rod power head.

[0005] Specifically, the present disclosure is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present disclosure provides a drill pipe power head, comprising:

[0007] Driving mechanism;

[0008] A speed reduction mechanism, provided with a first gear, wherein the first gear is transmission-connected to the driving mechanism;

[0009] An output shaft mechanism is provided with an output shaft and a second gear, the output shaft rotates integrally with the second gear, the second gear meshes with the first gear, so that the driving mechanism is connected to the output shaft through the first gear and the second gear;

[0010] A clamping mechanism is arranged on the outer periphery of the output shaft mechanism and rotates integrally with the output shaft mechanism, and the clamping mechanism includes:

[0011] A clamping jaw, arranged on the outer periphery of the output shaft and freely movable relative to the output shaft in radial direction;

[0012] A telescopic portion, arranged at the periphery of the clamping jaw, the telescopic portion is provided with at least one movable body that can freely move along the axial direction, and a spring for compressing the movable body is arranged inside the telescopic portion;

[0013] A pressure cylinder is arranged on the periphery of the output shaft, and the pressure cylinder is provided with a cylinder body and a piston. The piston is sleeved on the periphery of the output shaft in a cylindrical shape, and two ends of the piston are respectively in contact with the pressure fluid and the movable body of the telescopic part;

[0014] Wherein, a wedge surface is formed on the inner peripheral side of the movable body of the telescopic part and / or the outer peripheral side of the clamping claw, so that in a clamped state, the elastic force of the spring overcomes the pressure of the pressure fluid to press the movable body in a first position, thereby causing the movable body to push the clamping claw to clamp the drill rod, and in a loosened state, the pressure of the pressure fluid overcomes the elastic force of the spring to press the movable body in a second position, thereby causing the movable body to release the clamping claw to loosen the drill rod.

[0015] In some embodiments, the telescopic portion further includes a bottom cover, which is disposed at the bottom end of the output shaft, and the movable body is provided with an outer cover and a top cover that move integrally.

[0016] In some embodiments, the top cover is formed with a neck extending upward, the neck is sleeved on the outer periphery of the output shaft, and the piston is sleeved on the outer periphery of the neck, wherein a protrusion is also formed on the top of the top cover, and when the moving body is at least in the first position, the protrusion is limited to the inner side of the cylinder body, and the top end of the top cover is limited to the bottom end of the cylinder body.

[0017] In some embodiments, the output shaft mechanism further includes a bushing and a spacer sleeve, the pressure cylinder further includes a cylinder head, the output shaft mechanism further includes a bushing, the bushing is provided with a bearing, the top end of the cylinder head is tightly pressed against the bottom end of the bushing, and a sealing ring is provided on the inner periphery of the cylinder head.

[0018] In some embodiments, the output shaft mechanism also includes a sleeve, on which a first bearing group and a second bearing group are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the second gear is located between the first bearing group and the second bearing group, the first bearing group is a pair of single-row radially opposed tapered roller bearings, and the second bearing group is a cylindrical roller bearing.

[0019] In some embodiments, a first distance is formed between the first bearing group and the second bearing group, a second distance is formed between the second bearing group and the clamping jaw, and a ratio of the first distance to the second distance is 2:3.

[0020] In some embodiments, the reduction mechanism also includes a reduction sleeve, an axle and a pair of ball bearings, the first gear is arranged on the axle, the pair of ball bearings are respectively supported at both ends of the first gear, and the pair of ball bearings at least partially overlap with the first bearing group and the second bearing group in the axial direction.

[0021] In some embodiments, the bushing includes a first bushing and a second bushing, the first bushing and the second bushing are respectively provided with a first bearing group and a second bearing group, the reduction sleeve includes a first reduction sleeve and a second reduction sleeve, the first reduction sleeve and the second reduction sleeve are respectively provided with a pair of ball bearings, the first bushing is integrally formed with the first reduction sleeve, and the second bushing is integrally formed with the second reduction sleeve.

[0022] In some embodiments, the reduction mechanism further includes a drive sleeve, the bottom end of which is connected to the first reduction sleeve, the bottom end of which is pressed against the ball bearing, and a coupling structure between the drive device and the wheel axle is arranged inside the drive sleeve.

[0023] In some embodiments, the movable body of the telescopic portion further includes a core cover, the core cover is arranged at the bottom of the top cover, and the spring is arranged between the core cover and the bottom cover.

[0024] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the piston of the pressure cylinder into which the pressure fluid is passed is arranged to be cylindrically sleeved on the outer periphery of the output shaft, and the two ends of the piston are respectively in contact with the pressure fluid and the movable body of the telescopic part. Since the inner periphery of the piston can obtain overall uniform guiding support during the axial movement of the piston, the piston can move stably under the action of the pressure difference between the spring and the pressure fluid, ensuring that the movable body of the telescopic part pushes the clamping claw to move stably and synchronously through the wedge surface, and the structure of the clamping mechanism is simplified, and installation and maintenance are convenient.

[0025] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a drill pipe power head in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a drill pipe power head in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0030] Figure 4yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 100: driving mechanism;

[0035] 200: speed reduction mechanism; 210: first gear; 220: wheel shaft; 230: ball bearing; 241: first speed reduction sleeve; 242: second speed reduction sleeve; 250: driving sleeve;

[0036] 300: output shaft mechanism; 310: output shaft; 320: second gear; 330: first sleeve; 331: first bearing group; 340: second sleeve; 341: second bearing group; 350: end sleeve; 360: end cover; 370: nut; 380: sealing sleeve;

[0037] 400: clamping mechanism; 410: clamping claw; 420: telescopic part; 421: outer cover; 422: bottom cover; 423: top cover; 4231: neck; 4232: raised part; 424: core cover; 430: pressure cylinder; 431: cylinder body; 432: piston; 433: cylinder cover; 440: spring;

[0038] 500: Drill pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the present disclosure, rather than implying any limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.

[0040] As used herein, the term "including" and its variants are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to"; the terms "embodiment" and "one embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment"; the terms "first", "second", etc. may refer to different or the same objects; the term "configuration" is not limited to direct or indirect connection, nor is it limited to a specific connection method. Other explicit and implicit definitions may also be included below.

[0041] In the following description, some specific numerical values ​​or numerical ranges may be involved. It should be understood that these numerical values ​​and numerical ranges are merely exemplary, which may be helpful in putting the idea of ​​the present disclosure into practice. However, the description of these examples is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. According to specific application scenarios and requirements, these numerical values ​​or numerical ranges can be set separately.

[0042] As described above, the clamping mechanism 400 of the drill pipe 500 power head in the prior art has a complex structure, the power head is too large, and the deceleration structure is set in a way that causes excessive vibration and easy well jam during the construction of the drill pipe 500. The drill pipe 500 power head proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure at least partially solves the above problems. Figures 1 to 6 The structure and working principle of the drill pipe 500 power head according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure are described below. Figure 1-2 As shown, the drill rod 500 power head of the embodiment of the present disclosure generally includes a driving mechanism 100, a reduction mechanism 200, an output shaft mechanism 300, a clamping mechanism 400 and a drill rod 500, wherein the driving mechanism 100 is used to provide a rotational torque, the reduction mechanism 200 is used to reduce the speed of the rotational torque and transmit it to the output shaft 310, the output shaft mechanism 300 is used to drive the drill rod 500 to output rotation, and the clamping mechanism 400 is used to clamp and loosen the drill rod 500.

[0043] The driving mechanism 100 can be an electric motor, or a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor, which transmits the rotational torque coaxially to the axle 220 of the reduction mechanism 200 through a coupling. The two are coaxially arranged to ensure the radial size of the power head and reduce the eccentric vibration of the driving device and the reduction mechanism 200 caused by the rotation of the drill rod 500.

[0044] The reduction mechanism 200 includes an axle 220, a first gear 210, a reduction sleeve and a pair of ball bearings 230. The first gear 210 is arranged on the axle 220. The axle 220 is coaxially connected to the output shaft 310 of the driving mechanism 100 through a coupling. A pair of ball bearings 230 are respectively arranged on the axle 220 and located at both ends of the first gear 210. The reduction sleeve is used to support the axle 220 through a pair of ball bearings 230 to drive the first gear 210 to rotate.

[0045] The output shaft mechanism 300 mainly includes an output shaft 310, a second gear 320 and a sleeve, wherein the second gear 320 and the sleeve are sleeved on the outer circumference of the output shaft and rotate integrally with the output shaft 310. The second gear 320 is used to mesh with the first gear 210, thereby transmitting the rotation of the axle 220 to the output shaft.

[0046] The second gear 320 is located in the top half of the length of the output shaft and close to the midpoint of the length of the output shaft in the axial direction of the output shaft. In this arrangement, since the clamping mechanism 400 is located in the bottom half of the output shaft, the second gear 320 is as close to the clamping mechanism 400 as possible. During the construction process, the force direction of the output shaft at the second gear 320 is opposite to that at the clamping mechanism 400, thereby reducing the torque borne by the output shaft between the two locations and avoiding torsional deformation of the output shaft. In one embodiment, the axial length of the output shaft is L, and the second gear 320 is located 0.4L from the top of the output shaft, while also meeting the arrangement space of the first bearing group 331 and the second bearing group 341.

[0047] The clamping mechanism 400 is integrally sleeved on the outer periphery of the output shaft, thereby ensuring a compact structure and stable clamping action. Specifically, the clamping mechanism 400 includes a clamping jaw 410, a telescopic portion 420 and a pressure cylinder 430. The clamping jaw 410 is arranged on the outer periphery of the output shaft, and an opening is provided at the output shaft 310 where the clamping jaw 410 is installed, allowing the clamping jaw 410 to pass through the opening radially and extend into the output shaft 310 to clamp the drill rod 500.

[0048] The telescopic portion 420 can be extended or shortened along the axial dimension. During the extension or shortening process, the wedge surface structure between the movable body of the telescopic portion 420 and the clamping jaw 410 is used to realize the radial movement of the clamping jaw 410, thereby clamping and loosening the drill rod 500. The telescopic portion 420 is arranged on the periphery of the clamping jaw 410. To achieve the above function, in one embodiment, the telescopic portion 420 is provided with at least one movable body that can move freely along the axial direction, and the spring 440 is arranged between the movable body and the stationary structure of the telescopic portion 420. In another embodiment, the telescopic portion 420 structures at both ends of the spring 440 can be movable bodies.

[0049] In one embodiment, the telescopic part 420 includes a top cover 423, an outer cover 421 and a bottom cover 422. The outer cover 421 is generally sleeve-shaped. The bottom cover 422 and the top cover 423 are respectively covered at both ends of the sleeve, so that the telescopic part 420 and the output shaft form a chamber together. The chamber accommodates the clamp 410 and the core cover 424 of the telescopic part 420. The outer cover 421, the top cover 423, the bottom cover 422, the core cover 424 and the clamp 410 rotate integrally with the output shaft 310.

[0050] In one embodiment, the telescopic portion 420 may not be provided with a core cover 424, and only the components consisting of the top cover 423 and the outer cover 421 move as a whole, the bottom cover 422 is fixed on the output shaft 310 through a connecting piece, and the spring 440 is arranged between the top cover 423 and the bottom cover 422. The top cover 423 is formed with a downwardly extending structure, and the wedge surface on the structure cooperates with the clamp 410 to work.

[0051] In another embodiment, the telescopic portion 420 is provided with a core cover 424, and the spring 440 is arranged between the core cover 424 and the bottom cover 422. The core cover 424 extends downward from the inner circumference of the spring 440 arranged around the periphery to form a cylindrical structure, and the inner circumference of the cylindrical structure has a wedge shape. Exemplarily, the wedge-shaped surface can be a continuous inclined surface or a segmented inclined surface as shown in the figure. By providing the core cover 424, the contact between the core cover 424 and the spring 440 is more stable, and the downwardly extending cylindrical structure can also provide lateral support for the spring 440, and the wedge-shaped structure is integrally formed with the movable core cover 424, thereby improving the transmission stability between the axial movement and the radial movement of the clamping jaw 410.

[0052] The spring 440 is evenly distributed around the output shaft in the circumferential direction, thereby providing a uniform elastic force for the core cover 424 in the circumferential direction. Under normal conditions, the elastic force of the spring 440 always presses the core cover 424 upward, so that the core cover 424 (or the top cover 423) is in the first position. Since the outer periphery of the clamping jaw 410 is formed with an inclined surface, an elastic component providing radially outward elastic force is also provided between the clamping jaw 410 and the output shaft (or no elastic component is provided, and the operator manually operates the return position), the inclined surface of the clamping jaw 410 can always be pressed against the inner peripheral structure of the core cover 424. Under normal conditions, the core cover 424 pushes the clamping jaw 410 to clamp the drill rod 500 through the inclined surface, so there is no need to worry about the drill rod 500 being loosened due to failure of the engine and other components. Since the core cover 424 is directly arranged on the outer cover 421, that is, the outer cover 421 is directly sleeved on the outer periphery of the output shaft, the structure is simple and the number of components is small, which can ensure that excessive vibration and eccentricity will not be generated during the rotation of the output shaft, and the maintenance and disassembly of the power head are convenient. Only the main cylinder sleeve needs to be removed to maintain or disassemble the core cover 424, the spring 440, the clamping jaw 410 and other components.

[0053] In another embodiment, the outer periphery of the clamping jaw 410 may also be a plane, while the inner periphery of the core cover 424 may form an inclined surface, as long as the axial movement of the core cover 424 can be converted into the radial movement of the clamping jaw 410 .

[0054] The top end of the top cover 423 abuts against the bottom end of the piston 432. The top end of the piston 432 has a chamber that is in communication with the oil. The oil pressure pushes the piston 432, and then pushes the top cover 423 and the core cover 424 to move. When the drill rod 500 needs to be loosened, the external oil flows into the closed space through the opening, and the cylinder core is pushed by the hydraulic pressure in the closed space to overcome the elastic force and move downward to the second position, and the inclined surface between the core cover 424 and the clamping jaw 410 is released, and the elastic component pushes the clamping jaw 410 to move radially outward to loosen the drill rod 500.

[0055] In one embodiment, the pressure cylinder 430 is provided with a cylinder body 431, a piston 432 and a cylinder cover 433. The piston 432 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the output shaft in a cylindrical shape, and the two ends of the piston 432 are used to contact the oil and the top cover 423 respectively. The inner circumference of the top cover 423 is provided with a neck 4231 extending upward, and the neck 4231 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the output shaft. The neck 4231 cooperates with the outer periphery of the output shaft, thereby increasing the guiding support between the top cover 423 and the output shaft, and improving the movement stability of the top cover 423. On the other hand, the piston 432 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the neck 4231, thereby increasing the radial support between the piston 432 and the neck 4231 of the top cover 423, and improving the overall strength and stability.

[0056] In one embodiment, a protrusion 4232 is also formed on the top of the top cover 423, and the protrusion 4232 is used to cooperate with the inner side of the cylinder body 431 near the first position to improve the movement stability of the top cover 423, and when in the first position, the bottom end of the cylinder body 431 can just be close to the top end of the top cover 423, so that the cylinder body 431 and the top cover 423 have a supporting relationship in both axial and radial directions.

[0057] In one embodiment, the output shaft mechanism 300 also includes a sleeve for installing a bearing. The cylinder cover 433 is spaced between the sleeve and the cylinder body 431 and is tightly pressed against the two. On the one hand, the cylinder cover 433 eliminates the manufacturing and installation errors between the sleeve and the cylinder body 431. On the other hand, the sealing ring on the inner circumference of the cylinder cover 433 prevents oil from leaking between the sleeve and the pressure cylinder 430.

[0058] The output shaft mechanism 300 further includes a sleeve. In one embodiment, the sleeve is prepared separately from a first sleeve 330 and a second sleeve 340. A first bearing group 331 is installed in the first sleeve 330, and a second bearing group 341 is installed in the second sleeve 340. In addition, a space for installing the second gear 320 is provided in the first sleeve 330 and / or the second sleeve 340. In another embodiment, the sleeve may also be integrally formed.

[0059] In one embodiment, the first bearing group 331 selects a pair of single-row convexly opposed tapered roller bearings, and the second bearing group 341 selects a cylindrical roller bearing. During the construction of the drill rod 500, the drill rod 500 is mainly subjected to bending force and bidirectional axial force from the bottom end of the drill rod 500. The tapered roller bearing can provide bidirectional axial load and to a certain extent bear the radial load generated by the bending force. By setting a cylindrical roller bearing, the radial load borne by the output shaft is mainly borne.

[0060] In one embodiment, the second bearing group 341 is arranged in the midpoint area in the length direction of the output shaft. According to the conventional gap between the drill rod 500 and the output shaft, the present disclosure finds that the midpoint area bears the largest radial load. Arranging the second bearing group 341 effectively solves the radial load bearing problem.

[0061] In one embodiment, the position of the first bearing group 331 and the position of the clamping mechanism 400 are adjusted around the midpoint position of the second bearing group 341, so that the output shaft has a stable and balanced working state in the axial direction. Specifically, the distance between the second bearing group 341 and the first bearing group 331, and the distance between the first bearing group 331 and the clamping mechanism 400 are set to a ratio of 2:3. It should be noted that the position of the bearing group is defined by the midpoint of the axial dimension of the bearing group, and the position of the clamping mechanism 400 is defined by the midpoint of the axial dimension of the clamping contact between the clamping jaw 410 and the drill rod 500.

[0062] In one embodiment, each ball bearing 230 of the reduction mechanism 200 at least partially overlaps with the first bearing group 331 or the second bearing group 341 in the axial direction of the output shaft. Since the reduction sleeve and the shaft sleeve are tightly fitted with each other or integrally formed, the overlapping arrangement between the bearings can make the reduction sleeve and the shaft sleeve offset part of the load-bearing burden on the bearings, thereby improving the defects caused by the side-by-side arrangement of the reduction structures.

[0063] Specifically, since the first gear 210 is meshed with the second gear 320, compared with the coaxial reduction mode, the torque borne by the output shaft is increased, and the bending force borne by the output shaft is correspondingly increased. The bending force will cause the output shaft, and then the axle 220, to produce radial offset during rotation, and the existing bearing system has been proven to be difficult to solve this problem. The embodiment of the present disclosure allows the bearings to have overlapping areas in the axial direction, and can still solve this problem without increasing the number of bearings and changing the strength of the sleeve and reduction sleeve, providing a new design idea.

[0064] It should be noted that the bearing overlapping design of the embodiment of the present disclosure, when used in conjunction with the arrangement of the first bearing group 331, the second bearing group 341, the second gear 320 and the clamping mechanism 400 of the output shaft, comprehensively provides a stable support system.

[0065] In one embodiment, the sleeve includes a first sleeve 330 and a second sleeve 340, and the first sleeve 330 and the second sleeve 340 are respectively provided with a first bearing group 331 and a second bearing group 341, and the reduction sleeve includes a first reduction sleeve 421 and a second reduction sleeve 422, and the first reduction sleeve 421 and the second reduction sleeve 422 are respectively provided with a pair of ball bearings 230, the first sleeve 330 and the first reduction sleeve 421 are integrally formed, and the second sleeve 340 and the second reduction sleeve 422 are integrally formed.

[0066] In one embodiment, the reduction mechanism 200 further includes a drive sleeve 250 , the bottom end of which is connected to the first reduction sleeve 421 , the bottom end of which is pressed against the ball bearing 230 , and a coupling structure between the drive device and the axle 220 is disposed in the drive sleeve 250 .

[0067] In one embodiment, the output shaft mechanism 300 also includes an end sleeve 350, an end cover 360, a nut 370 and a sealing sleeve 380. The bottom end of the end sleeve 350 is pressed against the shaft sleeve, the nut 370 is screwed on the outer periphery of the output shaft and pressed against the first bearing group 331, the sealing sleeve 380 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the step at the top end of the output shaft, a sealing ring is arranged between the end sleeve 350 and the sealing sleeve 380, and the end cover 360 covers the top end of the end sleeve 350.

[0068] According to the drill pipe 500 power head of the embodiment of the present disclosure, under normal conditions, the elastic force of the spring 440 presses the core cover 424 (first position), and the core cover 424 is used to push the clamp 410 to clamp the drill pipe 500. When the drilling is completed and the drill pipe 500 is pulled out of the well, it is only necessary to supply oil to the pressure cylinder 430, and the pressure of the oil is used to overcome the elastic force, so that the piston 432 pushes the top cover 423 and the core cover 424 to move (second position), thereby loosening the clamp 410 from the drill pipe 500. In the process of pulling out the drill pipe 500, even if the hydraulic system, engine, etc. fail, the drill pipe 500 will not fall into the well.

[0069] It should be noted that in addition to using oil, the embodiments of the present disclosure may also use other pressure fluids, such as air.

[0070] The description of the embodiments herein and any reference to directions and orientations are only for the convenience of description and are not to be construed as any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. The description of the preferred embodiments may involve combinations of features, which may exist independently or in combination, and the present invention is not particularly limited to the preferred embodiments. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.

[0071] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill pipe power head, characterized in that: include: A driving mechanism (100); A speed reduction mechanism (200) is provided with a first gear, wherein the first gear is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism (100); An output shaft mechanism (300) is provided with an output shaft (310) and a second gear, wherein the output shaft (310) rotates integrally with the second gear, and the second gear meshes with the first gear, so as to be suitable for the driving mechanism (100) to be transmission-connected with the output shaft (310) through the first gear and the second gear, wherein the axial length of the output shaft is L, and the second gear is located at 0.4L from the top end of the output shaft; The clamping mechanism (400) is arranged on the outer periphery of the output shaft mechanism (300) and rotates integrally with the output shaft mechanism (300). The clamping mechanism (400) is located at the bottom half of the output shaft (310). The clamping mechanism (400) comprises: A clamping jaw (410) is arranged on the outer periphery of the output shaft (310) and is freely movable relative to the output shaft (310) in a radial direction; A telescopic portion (420) is arranged on the outer periphery of the clamping jaw (410), the telescopic portion (420) is provided with at least one movable body that can freely move along the axial direction, and a spring (440) for compressing the movable body is arranged inside the telescopic portion (420); A pressure cylinder (430) is arranged on the outer periphery of the output shaft (310). The pressure cylinder (430) is provided with a cylinder body (431) and a piston (432). The piston (432) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the output shaft (310) in a cylindrical shape. Two ends of the piston (432) are in contact with the pressure fluid and the movable body of the telescopic part (420) respectively. The inner peripheral side of the moving body of the telescopic part (420) and / or the outer peripheral side of the clamping jaw (410) form a wedge surface, so that in a clamped state, the elastic force of the spring (440) overcomes the pressure of the pressure fluid to press the moving body to a first position, so that the moving body pushes the clamping jaw (410) to clamp the drill rod (500); and in a loosened state, the pressure of the pressure fluid overcomes the elastic force of the spring (440) to press the moving body to a second position, so that the moving body releases the clamping jaw (410) to loosen the drill rod (500); The telescopic portion (420) further comprises a bottom cover (422), wherein the bottom cover (422) is arranged at the bottom end of the output shaft (310), and the movable body is provided with an outer cover (421) and a top cover (423) that move in an integral manner; The top cover (423) is formed with a neck (4231) extending upward, the neck (4231) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the output shaft (310), and the piston (432) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the neck (4231), wherein a protrusion (4232) is also formed on the top of the top cover (423), and when the moving body is at least in the first position, the protrusion (4232) is limited on the inner side of the cylinder body (431), and the top end of the top cover (423) is limited at the bottom end of the cylinder body (431).

2. The drill pipe power head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure cylinder (430) further comprises a cylinder cover (433), and the output shaft mechanism (300) further comprises a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is provided with a bearing, the top end of the cylinder cover (433) is tightly pressed against the bottom end of the shaft sleeve, and a sealing ring is provided on the inner periphery of the cylinder cover (433).

3. The drill pipe power head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft mechanism (300) further comprises a shaft sleeve, wherein the shaft sleeve is provided with a first bearing group (331) and a second bearing group (341) in sequence from top to bottom, the second gear is located between the first bearing group (331) and the second bearing group (341), the first bearing group (331) is a pair of single-row radially opposed tapered roller bearings, and the second bearing group (341) is a cylindrical roller bearing.

4. The drill pipe power head according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first distance is formed between the first bearing group (331) and the second bearing group (341), and a second distance is formed between the second bearing group (341) and the clamp (410), and the ratio of the first distance to the second distance is 2:

3.

5. The drill pipe power head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The speed reduction mechanism (200) further comprises a speed reduction sleeve, a wheel axle (220) and a pair of ball bearings (230); the first gear is arranged on the wheel axle (220); the pair of ball bearings (230) are respectively supported at two ends of the first gear; the pair of ball bearings (230) at least partially overlap with the first bearing group (331) and the second bearing group (341) in the axial direction.

6. The drill pipe power head according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shaft sleeve comprises a first shaft sleeve (330) and a second shaft sleeve (340), wherein the first shaft sleeve (330) and the second shaft sleeve (340) are respectively provided with a first bearing group (331) and a second bearing group (341), and the reduction sleeve comprises a first reduction sleeve (241) and a second reduction sleeve (242), wherein the first reduction sleeve (241) and the second reduction sleeve (242) are respectively provided with a pair of ball bearings (230), the first shaft sleeve (330) and the first reduction sleeve (241) are integrally formed, and the second shaft sleeve (340) and the second reduction sleeve (242) are integrally formed.

7. The drill pipe power head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The speed reduction mechanism (200) further comprises a drive sleeve (250), the bottom end of the drive sleeve (250) being connected to the first speed reduction sleeve (241), the bottom end of the drive sleeve (250) being pressed against the ball bearing (230), and a coupling structure between the drive device and the wheel axle (220) being arranged in the drive sleeve (250).

8. The drill pipe power head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable body of the telescopic part (420) further comprises a core cover (424), wherein the core cover (424) is arranged at the bottom of the top cover (423), and the spring (440) is arranged between the core cover (424) and the bottom cover (422).

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