A motor capable of automatically changing torque

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electric motor capable of automatically changing torque, which relates to the technical field of electric motors and comprises a stator, both ends of the stator are fixedly mounted with rotating shaft support side plates, a rotor is mounted between the two rotating shaft support side plates by rotating the rotating shaft, a gap is left between the rotor and the inner wall of the stator, and a heat dissipation port aligned with the gap is provided on the rotating shaft support side plates. The present invention allows users to configure an adjustable torque motor suitable for them according to their own needs, solving the problem of expanding the production line to produce multiple versions of torque range motors; it can also ensure the stability of the motor operation, with a simple structure and low maintenance cost; when working, the air between the rotor and the stator can be discharged, thereby reducing the heat accumulation generated by the coil during operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electric motors, in particular to an electric motor capable of automatically changing torque. Background Art

[0002] The motor is an electromagnetic device that converts or transmits electrical energy according to the law of electromagnetic induction. Torque is one of the most basic performance indicators of a motor, and the torque can be controlled by adjusting the motor current. However, excessive current will generate excessive temperature, which will greatly reduce the efficiency of the motor and thus affect the service life of the motor.

[0003] In the prior art, the invention patent with publication number CN108233635A uses a technical solution of a motor that can automatically adjust the torque. This solution uses the method of increasing the voltage to increase the output power of the motor, but it requires the use of stator coils with lower resistance and also needs to solve the problem of thermal attenuation, so the production and manufacturing of the motor requires higher costs. At the same time, since the electric control components are set inside the motor, and the motor is in a high-temperature environment, this greatly shortens the overall service life. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an electric motor capable of automatically changing torque, comprising a stator, both ends of the stator are fixedly mounted with a shaft supporting side plate, a rotor is rotatably mounted between the two shaft supporting side plates via a shaft, a gap is left between the rotor and the inner wall of the stator, and a heat dissipation port aligned with the gap is provided on the shaft supporting side plate, a ventilation ring is also fixedly mounted on each of the shaft supporting side plates, a guide plate and a side sealing plate are fixedly mounted on the ventilation ring; a dust cover is fixedly mounted on the side sealing plate, at least one electromagnetic control board is fixedly mounted in the dust cover, and the dust cover is also provided with the same number of adjustment components as the electromagnetic control board, and the adjustment components are The component includes a planetary ring frame, on which three planetary gears are rotatably mounted, and a central gear is meshed and transmitted between the three planetary gears, a six-claw planetary frame is fixedly mounted on the planetary ring frame, a ring gear is rotatably mounted inside the six-claw planetary frame, a ring gear support panel is fixedly mounted on the ring gear, a power transmission shaft is fixedly mounted at the center position of the ring gear support panel, a power switching barrel and a power switching block are respectively fixedly mounted on the six-claw planetary frame and the power transmission shaft, the power switching block is arranged on the inner side of the power switching barrel, and a power output disk that rotatably cooperates with the inner wall of the power switching barrel is also overlapped on the side of the power switching block, the power output disk is fixedly connected to the power transmission shaft, and the power switching block rotatably cooperates with the power transmission shaft.

[0005] Preferably, the ventilation ring is provided with ventilation holes, an impeller is rotatably arranged inside the ventilation ring, and the ventilation ring is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft through an impeller bracket.

[0006] Preferably, an electromagnetic control board bracket is fixedly installed between the electromagnetic control board and the side sealing plate, and a limiting protrusion support plate is slidably installed on the electromagnetic control board bracket through a spline, and a limiting protrusion that contacts and cooperates with the six-claw planetary carrier is fixedly installed on the limiting protrusion support plate.

[0007] Preferably, the central gear is fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotationally matched with an adjacent side sealing plate or an electromagnetic control plate.

[0008] Preferably, the ring gear support panel and the six-claw planetary carrier are rotationally matched, and the power transmission shaft and the six-claw planetary carrier are rotationally matched.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the power switching barrel is rotatably matched with the power switching block, the power switching block is provided with symmetrically arranged inclined sliding surfaces and vertical surfaces, and the power switching block is also provided with an avoidance groove.

[0010] Preferably, a brake friction column is overlapped on the inclined sliding surface, and the brake friction column is also in contact with the inner wall of the power switching barrel, and an elastic component is fixedly provided between the brake friction column and the vertical surface.

[0011] Preferably, a toggle column is in contact and fit between the two brake friction columns, and the toggle column is rotatably mounted on a power output disc, on which a power output shaft is fixedly mounted for fixed connection with a central gear in the next adjustment assembly.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The adjustment component provided in the present invention allows the user to configure an adjustable torque motor suitable for himself according to his own needs, thereby solving the problem of expanding the production line to produce multiple versions of torque range motors; (2) The adjustment component provided in the present invention can also ensure the stability of the motor operation, with a simple structure and low maintenance cost; (3) When the present invention is working, the air between the rotor and the stator can be discharged, thereby reducing the heat accumulation generated by the coil during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust cover of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnetic control board of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnetic control board bracket of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support plate of the limiting protrusion of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power output shaft of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the six-claw planet carrier of the present invention.

[0021] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0022] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power switching block of the present invention.

[0023] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the planetary ring frame structure of the present invention.

[0024] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the central gear structure of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 101-stator; 102-rotor; 103-rotating shaft; 104-rotating shaft supporting side plate; 1041-heat dissipation port; 105-impeller; 106-guide plate; 107-side sealing plate; 108-ventilation ring; 109-impeller bracket; 201-dust cover; 202-electromagnetic control board; 203-electromagnetic control board bracket; 204-limiting protrusion support plate; 205-limiting protrusion; 301-planetary ring frame; 30 2-six-claw planetary carrier; 303-planetary gear; 304-ring gear; 305-central gear; 306-ring gear support panel; 307-power transmission shaft; 308-power switching block; 3081-inclined sliding surface; 3082-vertical surface; 3083-avoidance groove; 309-power switching barrel; 310-brake friction column; 311-elastic component; 312-sliding column; 313-power output disk; 314-power output shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is combined with Figure 1-12 , and further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention through specific implementation methods.

[0027] The present invention provides an electric motor capable of automatically changing torque, wherein a rotating shaft supporting side plate 104 is fixedly installed at both ends of a stator 101, a rotor 102 is rotatably installed between the two rotating shaft supporting side plates 104 via a rotating shaft 103, a gap is left between the rotor 102 and the inner wall of the stator 101, and a heat dissipation port 1041 aligned with the gap is provided on the rotating shaft supporting side plate 104, and a ventilation ring 108 is also fixedly installed on each rotating shaft supporting side plate 104, and a guide plate 106 and a side sealing plate 107 are fixedly installed on the ventilation ring 108. A ventilation hole is provided on the ventilation ring 108, and an impeller 105 is rotatably provided inside the ventilation ring 108, and the ventilation ring 108 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 103 via an impeller bracket 109.

[0028] A dust cover 201 is fixedly mounted on the side sealing plate 107, at least one electromagnetic control board 202 is fixedly mounted in the dust cover 201, an electromagnetic control board bracket 203 is fixedly mounted between the electromagnetic control board 202 and the side sealing plate 107, a limit convex support plate 204 is slidably mounted on the electromagnetic control board bracket 203 through a spline, and a limit convex 205 that contacts and cooperates with the six-claw planet carrier 302 is fixedly mounted on the limit convex support plate 204. The central gear 305 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 103, and the rotating shaft 103 is rotationally matched with the adjacent side sealing plate 107 or the electromagnetic control board 202. The dust cover 201 is also provided with the same number of adjustment components as the electromagnetic control board 202, and the adjustment components include a planetary ring frame 301, on which three planetary gears 303 are rotatably mounted, and a central gear 305 is meshed and driven between the three planetary gears 303, a six-claw planetary frame 302 is fixedly mounted on the planetary ring frame 301, a gear ring 304 is rotatably mounted in the six-claw planetary frame 302, and a gear ring support panel 306 is fixedly mounted on the gear ring 304, and the center of the gear ring support panel 306 is A power transmission shaft 307 is fixedly installed in a position, and a power switching barrel 309 and a power switching block 308 are fixedly installed on the six-claw planet carrier 302 and the power transmission shaft 307, respectively. The power switching block 308 is arranged on the inner side of the power switching barrel 309, and the side of the power switching block 308 is also overlapped with a power output disk 313 that rotates with the inner wall of the power switching barrel 309. The power output disk 313 is fixedly connected to the power transmission shaft 307, and the power switching block 308 rotates with the power transmission shaft 307. The ring gear support panel 306 rotates with the six-claw planet carrier 302, and the power transmission shaft 307 rotates with the six-claw planet carrier 302. The inner wall of the power switching barrel 309 rotates with the power switching block 308, and the power switching block 308 is provided with a symmetrically arranged inclined sliding surface 3081 and a vertical surface 3082, and the power switching block 308 is also provided with an avoidance groove 3083. The inclined sliding surface 3081 is overlapped with a brake friction column 310, which is also in contact with the inner wall of the power switching barrel 309. An elastic component 311 is fixedly arranged between the brake friction column 310 and the vertical surface 3082. A toggle column 312 is in contact with the two brake friction columns 310, and the toggle column 312 is rotatably mounted on a power output disk 313. A power output shaft 314 is fixedly mounted on the power output disk 313 for fixed connection with the central gear 305 in the next adjustment component.

[0029] The working principle of the motor capable of automatically changing torque disclosed in the present invention is as follows: the coil inside the stator 101 is energized, and then the rotor 102 is driven to rotate. The rotation of the rotor 102 drives the rotating shaft 103 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft 103 drives the impeller brackets 109 on both sides and the impeller 105 on the impeller bracket 109 to rotate. The rotation of the impeller 105 drives air to enter or flow out. The air on one side enters through the through hole on the ventilation ring 108, and then is discharged from the through hole of the ventilation ring 108 on the other side (if reversed, the flow direction is opposite). The air flows through the gap between the stator 101 and the rotor 102, thereby taking away the heated air inside the stator 101, and the edge of the stator 101 dissipates heat to reduce thermal attenuation. The rotation of the rotating shaft 103 also drives the adjustment component, and the torque output by the rotating shaft 103 is increased or reduced through the adjustment component.

[0030] Different numbers of adjustment components can be selected according to needs. The more adjustment components there are, the higher the accuracy of the adjustable range will be. Therefore, in order to facilitate user selection, modular adjustment components are designed, and users can assemble and order them according to their needs.

[0031] Specifically, the rotation of the rotating shaft 103 will drive the central gear 305 to rotate, the rotation of the central gear 305 will drive the planetary gear 303 to rotate, and the rotation of the planetary gear 303 will drive the ring gear 304 to rotate (this is based on the premise that the six-claw planet carrier 302 and the planetary ring carrier 301 cannot rotate, and the rotation of the six-claw planet carrier 302 requires the limit protrusion 205 to be separated from the six-claw planet carrier 302, so that the planetary ring carrier 301 can rotate freely, and the movement of the limit protrusion 205 requires the control of the movement of the limit protrusion support plate 204, so the corresponding electromagnetic control board 202 is started, and the electromagnetic control board 202 will attract or repel the limit protrusion support plate 204 when it is started. 04, so as to control the movement of the limit protrusion support plate 204. It should be noted that the limit protrusion support plate 204 and the electromagnetic control plate bracket 203 adopt a spline sliding fit, so the limit protrusion support plate 204 cannot rotate, thereby limiting the rotation of the six-claw planetary carrier 302. In addition, a spring can be set between the limit protrusion support plate 204 and the electromagnetic control plate 202. When the electromagnetic control plate 202 is started, it only attracts the limit protrusion support plate 204. When the electromagnetic control plate 202 is not started, the limit protrusion support plate 204 is bounced open by the spring, so as to control the movement of the limit protrusion support plate 204).

[0032] When the six-claw planetary carrier 302 cannot rotate, the power is directly transmitted from the ring gear 304 to the ring gear support panel 306, and the ring gear support panel 306 transmits the power to the power transmission shaft 307. The rotation of the power transmission shaft 307 will drive the power output disk 313 to rotate, and the rotation of the power output disk 313 will drive the power output shaft 314 to rotate. The rotation of the power output shaft 314 can directly output power or transmit it to the center gear 305 in the next adjustment component. When the electromagnetic control board bracket 203 is in free rotation, part of the power will be transmitted to the six-claw planetary carrier 302. The rotation of the six-claw planetary carrier 302 will drive the power switching barrel 309 to rotate. The rotation of the power switching barrel 309 will drive the brake friction column 310 to follow the rotation under the action of friction. Regardless of whether the power switching barrel 309 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the power switching barrel 309 will drive the brake friction column 310 to rotate in the same direction. Therefore, the direction of the friction force applied by the power switching barrel 309 to the brake friction column 310 is the same as the rotation direction of the power switching barrel 309. At this time, the brake friction column 310 will slide along the inclined sliding surface 3081 (microscopic position At this time, the brake friction column 310 will move in the direction of narrowing the space, and the distance between the power switching barrel 309 and the inclined sliding surface 3081 will become smaller and smaller. Since the diameter of the brake friction column 310 cannot be changed, the brake friction column 310 will be squeezed. After the brake friction column 310 is squeezed, the friction force is further increased, thereby achieving a stuck state, and then the power will be transmitted to the power switching block 308. The rotation of the power switching block 308 drives the toggle column 312 between the two brake friction columns 310 to rotate, and the rotation of the toggle column 312 will drive the power output disc 313 and the power output shaft 314 to rotate. When the six-claw planet carrier 302 cannot rotate, that is, the power switching barrel 309 cannot rotate, but the power transmission shaft 307 that outputs power from the middle will drive the power output disc 313 to rotate, that is, the toggle column 312 will rotate, and the rotation of the toggle column 312 will drive the brake friction column 310 to squeeze the elastic component 311, so that the brake friction column 310 slides along the inclined sliding surface 3081 (moves in the direction of the vertical surface 3082), and the space gradually increases, so the brake friction column 310 will not be squeezed, so that the power cannot be transmitted to the static power switching barrel 309. Since the transmission ratios of the above two states are different, the output torque is also different. By setting multiple adjustment components, transmission ratio combinations with different ratios can be achieved. Specifically, the control method requires a torque sensor to be set on the power output shaft 314 in the last adjustment component, and the load of the output torque is detected in real time. The size of the complex, and then the corresponding electromagnetic control board 202 is controlled to attract or repel the limit convex support plate 204 to achieve automatic adjustment of the torque.

Claims

1. An electric motor capable of automatically changing torque, comprising a stator (101), characterized in that: A rotating shaft supporting side plate (104) is fixedly mounted on both ends of the stator (101); a rotor (102) is rotatably mounted between the two rotating shaft supporting side plates (104) via a rotating shaft (103); a gap is left between the rotor (102) and the inner wall of the stator (101); and a heat dissipation port (1041) aligned with the gap is provided on the rotating shaft supporting side plate (104); a ventilation ring (108) is also fixedly mounted on each rotating shaft supporting side plate (104); and a guide plate (106) and a side sealing plate (107) are fixedly mounted on the ventilation ring (108); A dust cover (201) is fixedly mounted on the side sealing plate (107), at least one electromagnetic control board (202) is fixedly mounted in the dust cover (201), and the dust cover (201) is also provided with the same number of adjustment components as the electromagnetic control boards (202), the adjustment components comprising a planetary ring frame (301), three planetary gears (303) are rotatably mounted on the planetary ring frame (301), a central gear (305) is meshed and driven between the three planetary gears (303), a six-claw planetary frame (302) is fixedly mounted on the planetary ring frame (301), and the six-claw planetary frame (302) ) is rotatably mounted inside the gear ring (304), a gear ring support panel (306) is fixedly mounted on the gear ring (304), a power transmission shaft (307) is fixedly mounted at the center of the gear ring support panel (306), a power switching barrel (309) and a power switching block (308) are respectively fixedly mounted on the six-claw planet carrier (302) and the power transmission shaft (307), the power switching block (308) is arranged on the inner side of the power switching barrel (309), and a power output disk (313) rotatably matched with the inner wall of the power switching barrel (309) is also overlapped on the side of the power switching block (308), The force output disk (313) is fixedly connected to the power transmission shaft (307), and the power switching block (308) is rotationally matched with the power transmission shaft (307); the gear ring support panel (306) and the six-claw planetary carrier (302) are rotationally matched, the power transmission shaft (307) and the six-claw planetary carrier (302) are rotationally matched, the inner wall of the power switching barrel (309) is rotationally matched with the power switching block (308), and the power switching block (308) is provided with symmetrically arranged inclined sliding surfaces (3081) and vertical surfaces (3082), and the power switching block (308) is also provided with an avoidance groove (3083). ), a brake friction column (310) is overlapped on the inclined sliding surface (3081), and the brake friction column (310) is also in contact with the inner wall of the power switching barrel (309). An elastic component (311) is fixedly arranged between the brake friction column (310) and the vertical surface (3082), and a toggle column (312) is in contact with the two brake friction columns (310). The toggle column (312) is rotatably mounted on a power output disk (313), and a power output shaft (314) is fixedly mounted on the power output disk (313) for fixed connection with a central gear (305) in the next adjustment component.

2. The motor capable of automatically changing torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation ring (108) is provided with ventilation holes, an impeller (105) is rotatably arranged inside the ventilation ring (108), and the ventilation ring (108) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (103) via an impeller bracket (109).

3. The motor capable of automatically changing torque according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electromagnetic control board bracket (203) is fixedly mounted between the electromagnetic control board (202) and the side sealing plate (107); a limit convex block support plate (204) is slidably mounted on the electromagnetic control board bracket (203) via a spline; and a limit convex block (205) that contacts and cooperates with the six-claw planet carrier (302) is fixedly mounted on the limit convex block support plate (204).

4. The motor capable of automatically changing torque according to claim 3, characterized in that: The central gear (305) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (103), and the rotating shaft (103) is rotationally matched with an adjacent side sealing plate (107) or an electromagnetic control plate (202).

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