A multi-station machining center

Abstract

This application relates to the field of workpiece processing equipment, and particularly to a multi-station machining center, including a workbench, a turntable rotatably connected to the workbench, a turntable motor provided on the workbench and driving the turntable to rotate, several fixtures provided on the turntable around the rotation axis of the turntable for positioning and clamping workpieces, a drilling machine for drilling one end of a horizontal hole of a rough workpiece to form a fine hole, a front tapping machine for tapping the fine hole, a rear tapping machine for tapping a vertical hole, and a reaming machine for reaming the horizontal hole, so as to obtain a better improvement in the processing efficiency of a large number of workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of workpiece processing equipment, and in particular to a multi-station machining center. Background Art

[0002] Parts for vehicle bodies need to undergo various machining operations such as drilling, tapping, and chamfering. For example, a part for a vehicle body, referring to Figure 5 , includes a thin part 16 and a thick part 11 that are integrally formed and approximately L-shaped as a whole. A transverse hole 12 is formed through one end of the thick part 11 away from the thin part 16. A vertical hole 13 is formed at one end of the thin part 16 close to the thick part 11. A positioning hole 15 is formed at one end of the thin part 16 away from the thick part 11. The following machining needs to be carried out: reaming the transverse hole 12, forming a fine hole 14 on the plane at the end of the thick part 11 where the transverse hole 12 is provided, and tapping the inner walls of the fine hole 14 and the vertical hole 13.

[0003] Existing machining equipment can combine a drill press, a tapping machine, and a chamfering machine to meet the requirement of using one equipment to complete various machining methods for a workpiece. For example, a multi-functional machine tool with the publication number CN212444091U can fix the workpiece on a fixture, and the slide seats on both sides of the fixture can enable different machining tools or drills to pass through the workpiece to perform various machining on the workpiece.

[0004] In view of the above related technologies, during the process of machining a workpiece with one tool and one drill, the remaining tools and drills are in an idle state, resulting in a longer machining time for the workpiece and a lower machining efficiency for a large number of workpieces. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the machining efficiency of a large number of workpieces, this application provides a multi-station machining center.

[0006] The multi-station machining center provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] A multi-station machining center includes a workbench, a turntable rotatably connected to the workbench, a turntable motor provided on the workbench and driving the turntable to rotate, several fixtures provided on the turntable around the rotation axis of the turntable for positioning and clamping the workpiece, a drilling machine for drilling and forming a fine hole at one end of the thick part where the transverse hole is provided, a front tapping machine for tapping the fine hole, a rear tapping machine for tapping the vertical hole, and a reaming machine for reaming the transverse hole.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, the drilling machine, the front tapping machine, the rear tapping machine, and the reaming machine can synchronously perform corresponding machining operations on different workpieces, so as to improve the efficiency when processing a large number of workpieces in the corresponding process.

[0009] Optionally, the fixture includes a disc rack detachably connected to the workbench, two positioning blocks slidably connected to the disc rack along the axis direction of the turntable, and two cylinder blocks slidably connected to the disc rack and forcing the positioning blocks to move so that the positioning blocks cooperate with the disc rack to clamp the fine parts. The workbench is provided with a fixture cylinder for driving the cylinder blocks to move. The upper surfaces of the two positioning blocks respectively abut against the lower surfaces of the two fine parts.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, a fixture can clamp two workpieces in the vertical direction for simultaneous processing, thereby improving the processing efficiency as much as possible. After the power rod of the fixture cylinder is reset, the positioning blocks can move and reset under their own gravity.

[0011] Optionally, a side abutting rod capable of fixing the position of the rough part is slidably connected to the positioning block, and the moving direction of the side abutting rod is perpendicular to the moving direction of the positioning block.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the workpiece can obtain positioning in another direction, so that the position of each workpiece in the fixture during processing is not likely to deviate greatly.

[0013] Optionally, a side wedge block is slidably connected to the cylinder block along the moving direction of the positioning block. The side abutting rod is fixedly connected with a pushed wedge block, and the inclined surface of the side wedge block can abut against the inclined surface of the pushed wedge block so that the side abutting rod can abut tightly against the rough part.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the workpiece can stably obtain positioning and fixation in both the vertical and horizontal directions, and the setting of relevant pipelines on the turntable can also be reduced.

[0015] Optionally, a return spring for forcing the side abutting rod to move away from the corresponding rough part is inserted into the side abutting rod, and the side abutting rod is fixedly connected with a part that can abut against the disc rack so that the side abutting rod remains inserted into the disc rack.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the power rod of the fixture cylinder is reset, the return spring can also force the side abutting rod to reset away from the workpiece.

[0017] Optionally, the positioning block is fixedly connected with a same slider located on the side of the rough part away from the side abutting rod. A group of several ball bearings are rotatably connected to the sides of the same slider and the side abutting rod close to each other. The time point when the two groups of ball bearings abut tightly against the rough part is earlier than the time point when the positioning block and the disc rack abut tightly against the fine part.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, after the side abutting rod performs horizontal positioning, the positioning block will perform the final vertical positioning of the workpiece, so that the upper surface of the fine part is not likely to rub against the disc rack. And after the horizontal positioning is completed, even if the workpiece moves slightly during the process of the positioning table forcing the fine part to abut tightly against the disc rack, the ball bearings are not likely to cause wear to the surface of the workpiece.

[0019] Optionally, the positioning block is provided with an end groove into which one end of the rough part away from the fine part is inserted. The inner wall of the end groove is arc-shaped, and a leakage opening through which the end part of the rough part enters is formed at the lowest inner wall of the end groove.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom end of the rough part can be placed into the end groove and move along the arc surface of the end groove to the lowest part of the end groove, so that the workpiece can obtain positioning in another horizontal direction different from that of the side abutting rod, so that the workpiece can be better initially placed in place, and the formation of the leakage opening makes it not easy for some small sundries to exist in the end groove, making the positioning of the workpiece more accurate.

[0021] Optionally, the workbench is provided with a pushing cylinder, and a pushing block that can abut against one end of the fine part away from the rough part to push the workpiece out of the tray is fixedly connected to the power rod of the pushing cylinder.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the workload of workers can be reduced, and the workpiece only needs to be placed corresponding to the fixture.

[0023] Optionally, the positioning block is slidably connected with a plug post that can be inserted into the positioning hole. The plug post is fixedly connected with an upper rack located inside the positioning block. The positioning block is rotatably connected with a middle gear that meshes with the upper rack, and the middle gear meshes with a lower rack fixedly connected to the tray on the side away from the upper rack.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the positioning block moves, the plug post will extend out of the positioning block and be inserted into the positioning hole, so that the workpiece can obtain more accurate positioning, and the workpiece is less likely to have fine movement during the processing, so that the processing quality of each workpiece is more consistent.

[0025] Optionally, a round table surface is formed at one end of the plug post inserted into the positioning hole. The radius of the round table surface close to the upper rack is greater than the radius of the round table surface away from the upper rack.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the plug post can be more smoothly inserted into the positioning hole.

[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The efficiency of processing a large number of workpieces in the corresponding process is improved;

[0029] 2. The bottom end of the rough part can be placed into the end groove and move along the arc surface of the end groove to the lowest part of the end groove, so that the workpiece can obtain positioning in another horizontal direction different from that of the side abutting rod, so that the workpiece can be better initially placed in place. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural view at a side of a fixture away from the rotation axis of the turntable;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural view at a side of the fixture close to the rotation axis of the turntable and with a positioning block partially sectioned;

[0033] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the enlarged view at position A in

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural view of a part for vehicle body after machining in the background art.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, workbench; 11, rough part; 12, horizontal hole; 13, vertical hole; 14, fine hole; 15, positioning hole; 16, fine part; 2, turntable; 3, turntable motor; 31, upper rack; 32, middle gear; 33, lower rack; 34, round table surface; 35, material receiving inclined channel; 4, fixture; 41, pushed wedge block; 42, return spring; 43, same slider; 44, end groove; 45, leakage port; 46, pushing cylinder; 47, pushing block; 48, ball; 49, inserting post; 5, drilling machine; 51, front tapping machine; 52, rear tapping machine; 53, reaming machine; 54, disc rack; 55, positioning block; 56, cylinder block; 57, fixture cylinder; 58, side abutting rod; 59, side wedge block. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] The following further elaborates on the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] An embodiment of the present application discloses a multi-station machining center. Referring to Figure 1 , it includes a workbench 1. A horizontal turntable 2 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the workbench 1, and the rotation axis of the turntable 2 is vertical. A turntable motor 3 with an output shaft coaxially and fixedly connected to the turntable 2 is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the workbench 1. Six fixtures 4 are evenly and fixedly connected around the periphery of the upper surface of the turntable 2 and can rotate around its own axis. Each fixture 4 can position and fix two workpieces and corresponds to one machining step. A drilling machine 5, a front tapping machine 51, a rear tapping machine 52, and two reaming machines 53 are detachably connected to the workbench 1 in sequence along the rotation direction of the turntable 2.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 , a pushing cylinder 46 is detachably connected to the workbench 1 at a position behind the reaming machine 53 along the rotation direction of the turntable 2. A pushing block 47 is fixedly connected to the power rod of the pushing cylinder 46. The pushing block 47 moves along the horizontal radial direction of the turntable 2 to push the two workpieces in a corresponding fixture 4 out of the fixture 4 after machining. The workbench 1 is fixedly connected with a material receiving inclined channel 35 corresponding to the two workpieces pushed out by the pushing block 47 from a fixture 4.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,the fixture 4 includes a disc frame 54 detachably connected to the turntable 2. Two positioning blocks 55 are slidably connected to the disc frame 54 in the vertical direction. The upper surface of the positioning block 55 is for placing the thin part 16 close to the lower surface of the thick part 11, and the side of the thick part 11 close to the thin part 16 can also be attached to the positioning block 55. Two cylinder blocks 56 are slidably connected to the disc frame 54 in the horizontal radial direction of the turntable 2. The two cylinder blocks 56 are respectively abutted against the two positioning blocks 55. The abutting parts of the cylinder block 56 and the positioning block 55 are both provided with inclined surfaces. And for each fixture 4, the workbench 1 is fixedly connected with a set of two fixture cylinders 57. The end of the power rod of each fixture cylinder 57 abuts against the side of the corresponding cylinder block 56 close to the axis of the turntable 2, so that the cylinder block 56 can push the positioning block 55 upward, so that the upper surface of the thin part 16 can abut against the upper part of the disc frame 54, so that the workpiece can be positioned in the vertical direction.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 ,a side wedge block 59 is slidably connected to the cylinder block 56 in the vertical direction. A side abutting rod 58 is sleeved at the side of the two adjacent positioning blocks 55 away from each other. The moving direction of the side abutting rod 58 is horizontal and perpendicular to the moving direction of the cylinder block 56. The same slider 43 is fixedly connected to the adjacent sides of the two adjacent positioning blocks 55. A group of several ball bearings 48 are rotatably connected to the adjacent sides of the side abutting rod 58 and the adjacent same slider 43. The end of the side abutting rod 58 away from the thick part 11 is fixedly connected with a pushed wedge block 41. The inclined surface of the side wedge block 59 can abut against the inclined surface of the pushed wedge block 41, so that when the power rod of the fixture cylinder 57 extends, the side abutting rod 58 moves towards the thick part 11 and the same slider 43, so that the two adjacent groups of ball bearings 48 abut against the opposite two vertical sides of the thick part 11, so that the workpiece can obtain a positioning in the horizontal direction. And, a return spring 42 with two ends respectively abutting against the positioning block 55 and the pushed wedge block 41 is inserted into the side abutting rod 58, so that when the power rod of the fixture cylinder 57 shortens, the return spring 42 forces the side abutting rod 58 to move away from the thick part 11.

[0041] At the same time, before the positioning block 55 cooperates with the upper part of the disc frame 54 to clamp the thin part 16, the corresponding two groups of ball bearings 48 will first abut tightly against the thick part 11, so that the workpiece can obtain a positioning in the horizontal direction first.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 ,a end groove 44 for placing the bottom end of the thick part 11 is formed at the bottom of the positioning block 55. The inner wall of the end groove 44 is arc-shaped and fits the circumferential outer wall of the bottom end of the thick part 11, so that the workpiece can also obtain a positioning in the horizontal radial direction of the turntable 2, so that the position of each workpiece after positioning is not likely to have a large deviation, so as to reduce the gap in processing quality. A leakage port 45 is penetrated and opened at the bottom of the end groove 44, so that sundries and impurities are not likely to accumulate in the end groove 44.

[0043] Referring to Figure 3 Figure 3 , a plug post 49 is sleeved and slidably connected to the upper surface of the positioning block 55 in the vertical direction. The top end of the plug post 49 can be inserted into the positioning hole 15 of the fine part 16. A conical surface 34 is formed around the top end of the plug post 49, and the radius of the upper end of the conical surface 34 is smaller than the radius of the lower end of the conical surface 34. The bottom end of the plug post 49 is fixedly connected to a vertical upper rack 31. A middle gear 32 meshing with the upper rack 31 is rotatably connected inside the positioning block 55. A vertical lower rack 33 is meshed with the middle gear 32 on the side away from the upper rack 31. The bottom end of the lower rack 33 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the disc frame 54, so that after the two groups of balls 48 abut against the rough part 11, the plug post 49 will be inserted into the positioning hole 15 to obtain a more accurate positioning of the position of the workpiece.

[0044] The implementation principle of a multi-station machining center according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows: The worker places two workpieces corresponding to a disc frame 54, and the power rod of the fixture cylinder 57 extends to fix the workpieces. Then the turntable 2 rotates, so that the drilling machine 5 drills a fine hole 14 at the bottom end of the rough part 11. The turntable 2 rotates again, so that the front tapping machine 51 taps the inner wall of the fine hole 14. The turntable 2 rotates again, so that the rear tapping machine 52 taps the inner wall of the vertical hole 13. The turntable 2 rotates again, so that the two reaming machines 53 respectively ream the inner walls of the transverse holes 12 of the two workpieces. The turntable 2 rotates again, the power rod of the fixture cylinder 57 shortens and then the power rod of the material pushing cylinder 46 extends, so that the processed workpieces are pushed down into the receiving chute 35. The turntable 2 rotates again, and the worker places two workpieces corresponding to the disc frame 54 again, and the cycle continues.

[0045] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-station machining center for machining vehicle body parts. The vehicle body parts include a thin part (16) and a thick part (11) that are approximately L-shaped as a whole. It is characterized in that: It includes a workbench (1), a turntable (2) rotatably connected to the workbench (1), a turntable motor (3) provided on the workbench (1) and driving the turntable (2) to rotate, several jigs (4) provided on the turntable (2) around the rotation axis of the turntable (2) for positioning and clamping workpieces, a drilling machine (5) for drilling a fine hole (14) at one end of a transverse hole (12) provided in a rough workpiece (11), a front tapping machine (51) for tapping the fine hole (14), a rear tapping machine (52) for tapping a vertical hole (13), and a reaming machine (53) for reaming the transverse hole (12); the jig (4) includes a disc frame (54) detachably connected to the workbench (1), two positioning blocks (55) slidably connected to the disc frame (54) along the axis direction of the turntable (2), and two cylinder blocks (56) slidably connected to the disc frame (54) and forcing the positioning blocks (55) to move so that the positioning blocks (55) cooperate with the disc frame (54) to clamp the fine workpiece (16). The workbench (1) is provided with a jig cylinder (57) for driving the cylinder blocks (56) to move. The upper surfaces of the two positioning blocks (55) respectively abut against the lower surfaces of the two fine workpieces (16); a side abutting rod (58) capable of fixing the position of the rough workpiece (11) is slidably connected to the positioning block (55), and the moving direction of the side abutting rod (58) is perpendicular to the moving direction of the positioning block (55); a side wedge block (59) is slidably connected to the cylinder block (56) along the moving direction of the positioning block (55). The side abutting rod (58) is fixedly connected with a pushed wedge block (41), and the inclined surface of the side wedge block (59) can abut against the inclined surface of the pushed wedge block (41) so that the side abutting rod (58) can abut tightly against the rough workpiece (11); a return spring (42) for forcing the side abutting rod (58) to move away from the corresponding rough workpiece (11) is inserted into the side abutting rod (58); a same slider (43) located on the side of the rough workpiece (11) away from the side abutting rod (58) is fixedly connected to the positioning block (55). A group of several balls (48) are rotatably connected to the adjacent sides of the same slider (43) and the side abutting rod (58). The time point when the two groups of balls (48) abut tightly against the rough workpiece (11) is earlier than the time point when the positioning block (55) and the disc frame (54) abut tightly against the fine workpiece (16).

2. A multi-station machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning block (55) is provided with an end groove (44) for inserting one end of the rough workpiece (11) away from the fine workpiece (16). The inner wall of the end groove (44) is arc-shaped, and a leak port (45) for allowing a part of the end of the rough workpiece (11) to enter is penetratedly provided at the lowest inner wall of the end groove (44).

3. A multi-station machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (1) is provided with a material pushing cylinder (46). The power rod of the material pushing cylinder (46) is fixedly connected with a material pushing block (47) capable of abutting against one end of the fine workpiece (16) away from the rough workpiece (11) to push the workpiece out of the disc frame (54).

4. A multi-station machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning block (55) is slidably connected with a plug post (49) that can be inserted into the positioning hole (15). The plug post (49) is fixedly connected with an upper rack (31) located inside the positioning block (55). The positioning block (55) is rotatably connected with a middle gear (32) that meshes with the upper rack (31). The middle gear (32) meshes with a lower rack (33) fixedly connected to the disc frame (54) on the side away from the upper rack (31).

5. A multi-station machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the plug post (49) inserted into the positioning hole (15) is formed with a conical surface (34). The radius of the conical surface (34) close to the upper rack (31) is greater than the radius of the conical surface (34) away from the upper rack (31).

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