A CrAlBYN-containing composite coating cutter and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a CrAlBYN-containing composite coating cutter and a preparation method thereof. The composite coating cutter comprises a substrate and a composite coating. The composite coating is deposited on the surface of the substrate. The composite coating comprises a CrAlBYN layer. The CrAlBYN layer comprises CrAlYN layers and CrAlBN layers deposited alternately. The CrAlYN layers and the CrAlBN layers both present a face-centered cubic structure. The CrAlBYN layer presents a (200) orientation. The thickness of the CrAlYN layer is 2-20 nm. The thickness of the CrAlBN layer is 2-15 nm. The thickness ratio of the CrAlYN layer to the CrAlBN layer is greater than or equal to 1. The composite coating is obtained by alternately depositing the CrAlYN layers and the CrAlBN layers to obtain a periodic multilayer coating structure, so as to improve the red hardness of the cutter and improve the wear resistance of the cutter in a high-temperature environment. The CrAlYN layer can further improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating and simultaneously reduce the friction coefficient of the coating in a high-temperature environment. The application can be widely applied to the technical field of metal cutting.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal cutting, in particular to a CrAlBYN-containing composite coating tool and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] It is well known that depositing a hard coating on the surface of a cutting tool can significantly improve the durability of the cutting tool and expand the application range of the tool. This is mainly because the tool surface and the workpiece need to withstand severe friction during cutting, resulting in a large amount of cutting heat. Compared with the hard alloy substrate, the coating often has higher red hardness, thus improving the service life of the coated cutting tool.

[0003] In recent years, CrAlN coating has gradually become a new type of tool coating material due to its excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance (more than 1000℃). However, the thermal stability of CrAlN coating is poor, and Cr-N bond will break at about 900℃, which leads to the premature decomposition of CrAlN coating and reduces the mechanical properties of the coating. Therefore, the application of CrAlN coating in high-speed cutting processing is also limited to a certain extent. Especially with the promotion of high-speed green cutting processing, dry high-speed processing is applied more and more, and various difficult-to-machine materials are increasing, so it is imperative to develop hard and wear-resistant coatings with more excellent performance.

[0004] A TiAlN and CrAlN-containing nanometer multilayer coating tool is disclosed in the related art, which combines the advantages of TiAlN and CrAlN and improves the comprehensive performance of the coating. However, it is found that the addition of TiAlN reduces the high-temperature oxidation resistance of CrAlN, resulting in reduced performance in high-temperature environments.

[0005] A periodic multilayer coating tool and a preparation method thereof are also disclosed in the related art. The periodic multilayer coating is a cycle period of "CrAlN layer to CrAlSiN layer to CrAlN layer to CrAlBN layer". It is proved that the above-mentioned periodic multilayer coating has high hardness and excellent oxidation resistance. However, in actual cutting processing, it is found that the residual stress of the coating is large, and the tool edge is prone to collapse failure, which may be caused by the introduction of Si and B elements in the coating which increases the residual stress. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present application provides a CrAlBYN-containing composite coating tool and a preparation method thereof, and the technical solutions adopted are as follows.

[0007] The CrAlBYN-containing composite coating tool provided in the present application includes a substrate and a composite coating, wherein the composite coating is deposited on the surface of the substrate, the composite coating includes a CrAlBYN layer, the CrAlBYN layer includes alternately deposited CrAlYN layers and CrAlBN layers, the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer both present a face-centered cubic structure, and the CrAlBYN layer presents a (200) orientation; wherein the thickness of the CrAlYN layer is 2 to 20 nm, the thickness of the CrAlBN layer is 2 to 15 nm, and the ratio of the thickness of the CrAlYN layer to the CrAlBN layer is greater than or equal to 1.

[0008] In certain embodiments of the present application, in the CrAlBYN layer, the atomic percentage of the B element is 5% to 20%, the atomic percentage of the Y element is 0.1% to 5%, the atomic percentage of the Al element is 40% to 70%, and the atomic percentage of the Cr element is 20% to 65%.

[0009] In certain embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the (200) diffraction peak intensity to the (111) diffraction peak intensity of the CrAlBYN layer is 1.5 to 3.

[0010] In certain embodiments of the present application, the hardness of the CrAlBYN layer is greater than 40 GPa.

[0011] In certain embodiments of the present application, a coherent epitaxial interface is formed between the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer.

[0012] In certain embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the CrAlBYN layer is 0.5 to 10 μm.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite coating includes a transition layer, the transition layer is deposited on the surface of the substrate, the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer are alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer, and the transition layer is set as Cr 1-x Al x N layers, 0≤x≤0.7.

[0014] In certain embodiments of the present application, the Cr 1-x Al x The thickness of the N layer is 0.1 to 0.5 μm, and the Cr 1-x Al x The N layer has a face-centered cubic structure.

[0015] The preparation method provided in this application comprises the following steps:

[0016] The surface of the substrate is pretreated;

[0017] CrAlYN layers and CrAlBN layers are alternately deposited on the surface of the substrate;

[0018] The deposition gas pressure is 1.0 to 6.0 Pa, the deposition temperature is 450 to 600° C., the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target is 150 to 200 A, and the bias voltage is -40 to -100 V.

[0019] In certain embodiments of the present application, Cr is deposited on the surface of the substrate. 1-x Al x The N layer serves as a transition layer, and the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer are alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer. The deposition pressure is 1.0 to 6.0 Pa, the deposition temperature is 450 to 600°C, the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target is 150 to 200 A, and the bias voltage is -40 to -100 V.

[0020] The embodiments of this application have at least the following beneficial effects: a composite coating, comprising alternating CrAlYN and CrAlBN layers, creates a periodic multilayer coating structure, which improves the tool's red hardness and enhances its wear resistance in high-temperature environments. The CrAlYN layer further enhances the coating's high-temperature oxidation resistance and simultaneously reduces the coating's coefficient of friction in high-temperature environments. This application is widely applicable in the field of metal cutting technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The aspects and advantages described and / or attached in the embodiments of the present application will become apparent and easily understood in conjunction with the following drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments embodied in the following drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0022] Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of CrAlYN layers and CrAlBN layers alternately deposited on the substrate surface.

[0023] Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of CrAlYN layers and CrAlBN layers alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following combination Figs. 1-2 Embodiments of the present application are described in detail, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0025] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that if the terms "center", "middle", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the features defined as "first" and "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included one or more features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0026] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] The present application relates to a CrAlBYN-containing composite coated tool, which comprises a substrate and a composite coating deposited on the surface of the substrate. The composite coated tool has the advantages of high heat resistance, low friction coefficient, and synergistic improvement of hardness and toughness, significantly improving the durability of the tool and meeting the needs of high-speed dry cutting.

[0028] The composite coating comprises a CrAlBYN layer, which is deposited on the surface of the substrate. Fig. 1 The CrAlBYN layer comprises CrAlYN layers and CrAlBN layers deposited alternately, and the two coatings are deposited alternately to obtain a CrAlBYN layer with a periodic multilayer coating structure. It can be understood that there is an interface strengthening effect between the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer.

[0029] It should be noted that the order of alternately depositing the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer can be to first deposit the CrAlYN layer and then deposit the CrAlBN layer, or to first deposit the CrAlBN layer and then deposit the CrAlYN layer. The above multilayer structure is formed by alternately depositing multiple targets, that is, by alternately depositing coatings of corresponding components through CrAlY target and CrAlB target.

[0030] It is found through experiments that the CrAlBYN layer obtained by the alternate deposition not only does not reduce the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating, but also significantly improves the high-temperature thermal stability of the coating, inhibits the premature breaking of the Cr-N bond, significantly improves the red hardness of the cutting tool, further improves the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating, and simultaneously reduces the friction coefficient of the coating in a high-temperature environment, thereby improving the wear resistance of the cutting tool in a high-temperature environment.

[0031] Further, the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer both have a face-centered cubic structure.

[0032] The thickness of the CrAlYN layer is 2 to 20 nm, and the thickness of the CrAlBN layer is 2 to 15 nm. It should be noted that this refers to the thickness of the single-layer coating structure. It should be noted that the thickness of the single-layer coating structure is too thick or too thin, which will affect the effect of interface strengthening.

[0033] The thickness ratio of the CrAlYN layer to the CrAlBN layer is greater than or equal to 1.

[0034] The CrAlBYN layer has a (200) orientation.

[0035] It should be noted that by adjusting the thickness ratio of the CrAlYN layer to the CrAlBN layer and controlling the orientation of the CrAlBYN layer, the hardness and toughness of the coating can be synergistically improved. The thickness ratio of the CrAlYN layer to the CrAlBN layer designed in the present application can better ensure that the CrAlBYN layer has a (200) orientation, thereby making the CrAlBYN layer have higher hardness and lower residual stress.

[0036] Further, the ratio of the (200) diffraction peak intensity to the (111) diffraction peak intensity of the CrAlBYN layer is 1.5 to 3. If the ratio of the diffraction peak intensities is less than 1.5, the hardness of the coating is low, and if the ratio of the diffraction peak intensities is higher than 3.0, the residual stress of the coating is significantly increased, which is not conducive to the optimal mechanical properties of the CrAlBYN layer.

[0037] It can be understood that the CrAlBYN layer is obtained by alternate deposition, and the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer have a coherent and epitaxial interface, so that the CrAlBYN layer has a coherent interface structure, and the CrAlBYN layer has the optimal interface strengthening effect.

[0038] In the CrAlBYN layer, the Y element can significantly improve the red hardness of the coating, so that the hardness of the coating does not decrease at a high temperature of about 1100℃. Compared with Cr and Al atoms, the radius of Y atoms is larger, and the Y atom solid solution strengthening effect in the face-centered cubic structure makes the coating have higher hardness.

[0039] The atomic percentage of Y in the CrAlBYN layer is 0.1% to 5% in the application. If the content of Y is too high, the oxidation resistance of the coating will be significantly reduced, and w-AlN phase will easily appear, thereby reducing the heat resistance and mechanical properties of the coating.

[0040] The introduction of B element in the CrAlBYN layer can further improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating. Similar to Si atoms, B atoms can also significantly increase the hardness of the coating. Compared with Cr, Al and Si atoms, B atoms have a smaller atomic radius, so the coating is more likely to form a face-centered cubic structure of supersaturated solid solution. In addition, the addition of B element can also reduce the friction coefficient of the coating.

[0041] The atomic percentage of B in the CrAlBYN layer is 5% to 20% in the application. If the content of B is too low, the hardness of the coating will be limited. If the content of B is too high, amorphous BN will be formed in the coating, which will increase the stress of the coating and reduce the hardness.

[0042] The atomic percentage of Al in the CrAlBYN layer is 40% to 70% in the application, and the atomic percentage of Cr is 20% to 65%. It should be noted that if the content of Al is too low or too high, the heat resistance and hardness of the coating will be affected.

[0043] The hardness of the CrAlBYN layer is greater than 40GPa. It should be noted that the composite coating induces the formation of (200) orientation of the coating by introducing the CrAlBN layer, thereby further improving the hardness of the coating, reducing the residual stress of the coating, and further enhancing the toughness of the coating, that is, the hardness and toughness are synergistically improved.

[0044] The thickness of the CrAlBYN layer is 0.5 to 10μm.

[0045] Further, the composite coating comprises a transition layer deposited on the surface of the substrate, and the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer are alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer. Fig. 2 The transition layer is Cr 1-x Al x N layer, 0≤x≤0.7.

[0046] The thickness of the Cr 1-x Al x N layer is 0.1 to 0.5μm.

[0047] The Cr 1-x Al x N layer is a face-centered cubic structure.

[0048] It should be noted that the substrate is any cutting tool substrate known in the art, such as cemented carbide tools, cemented carbide CNC inserts, cermet tools and high speed steel tools.

[0049] The application relates to a preparation method for a CrAlBYN-containing composite coated tool.

[0050] The preparation method comprises the following steps: pre-treating the surface of the substrate; and alternately depositing CrAlYN layers and CrAlBN layers on the surface of the substrate.

[0051] It should be noted that during the alternately depositing of the CrAlYN layers and the CrAlBN layers, the deposition pressure is 1.0-6.0 Pa, the deposition temperature is 450-600 DEG C, the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target is 150-200 A, and the bias voltage is -40 to -100 V.

[0052] The pre-treatment mode of the surface of the substrate comprises at least one of sand blasting, ultrasonic cleaning and ion etching, wherein the ion etching is Ar ion etching.

[0053] Further, the surface of the substrate is deposited with a Cr 1-x Al x N layer as a transition layer, and the CrAlYN layers and the CrAlBN layers are alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer. During the deposition of the transition layer, the deposition pressure is 1.0-6.0 Pa, the deposition temperature is 450-600 DEG C, the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target is 150-200 A, and the bias voltage is -40 to -100 V.

[0054] The content of the application will be described in detail in combination with specific examples, and it should be noted that the following description is only exemplary and is not a specific limitation of the application.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] The periodic multilayer coating is alternately deposited on the surface of the substrate.

[0057] The substrate is a cemented carbide CNC insert with the model CNMG120408, wherein the cobalt content is 10 wt.%, and the rest is WC.

[0058] The surface of the substrate is pre-treated and cleaned.

[0059] The CrAlYN layers and the CrAlBN layers are alternately deposited on the surface of the substrate, the deposition atmosphere is N2, the deposition pressure is 5.0 Pa, the deposition temperature is 500 DEG C, the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target is 200 A and 150 A respectively, the bias voltage is -50 V, and the rotation speed of the pedestal is 1.58 rpm.

[0060] The composition of the CrAlBYN layer is Cr 0.23 Al 0.63 B 0.12 Y 0.02 N, the thickness of the single CrAlYN layer is 5 nm, the thickness of the single CrAlBN layer is 3 nm, the total thickness of the obtained CrAlBYN layer is 3.2 μm, and the period of the alternating deposition is 400 modulation periods.

[0061] The interface structure of the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer is a coherent interface, the CrAlBYN layer presents a face-centered cubic structure, has a (200) growth orientation, and the ratio of the (200) diffraction peak intensity to the (111) diffraction peak intensity is 1.95.

[0062] The control sample 1-1 uses the same tool substrate model as in Example 1, and the obtained deposited coating is a Cr 0.30 Al 0.70 N layer, and the coating thickness is 3.2 μm.

[0063] The control sample 1-2 uses the same preparation parameters as in Example 1, except that the composition of the CrAlBYN layer is Cr 0.27 Al 0.50 B 0.18 Y 0.15 N.

[0064] The control sample 1-3 uses the same preparation parameters as in Example 1, except that the composition of the CrAlBYN layer is Cr 0.25 Al 0.47 B 0.25 Y 0.03 N.

[0065] The control sample 1-4 uses the same preparation parameters as in Example 1, except that the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target is 180 A and 200 A respectively, and the thickness of the single CrAlYN layer and the single CrAlBN layer is 3 nm and 5 nm respectively.

[0066] The composite coated tools prepared in Example 1 and the four control samples were subjected to comparative experiments of turning stainless steel (SUS304), and the results of the comparative experiments are shown in Table 1-1 and Table 1-2.

[0067] Table 1-1

[0068]

[0069] Table 1-2

[0070]

[0071] As can be seen from Table 1-1 and Table 1-2, the composite coated cutting tool prepared in Example 1 exhibits the best cutting performance under the same cutting conditions, which is due to the higher heat resistance, lower friction coefficient and synergistically improved hardness and toughness of the coating designed in the present application. Whether dry cutting or cutting under cooling liquid conditions, the service life of the cutting tool is significantly improved.

[0072] The CrAlBYN layer of Control 1-2 has a too high Y content, which reduces the oxidation resistance of the coating and thus affects the heat resistance of the coating. In addition, the too high Y content leads to the presence of harmful hexagonal phase in the coating, reducing the hardness of the coating.

[0073] The CrAlBYN layer of Control 1-3 has a too high B content, which leads to the presence of amorphous phase and harmful hexagonal phase in the coating, thus reducing the mechanical properties of the coating.

[0074] The CrAlBYN layer of Control 1-4 has a thickness ratio of the two coatings less than 1, and the ratio of the diffraction peak intensity of the composite floating layer (200) to the diffraction peak intensity of (111) is 1.15, which does not meet the requirement that the CrAlBYN layer should exhibit (200) orientation in the present application, leading to an increase in the residual stress of the coating, and a decrease in the hardness and toughness.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] Periodic multilayer coatings were alternately deposited on the surface of the substrate.

[0077] The substrate was a hard alloy CNC blade of SEMT13T3 type, wherein the cobalt content was 10 wt.%, and the rest was WC.

[0078] The surface of the substrate was pretreated and cleaned.

[0079] The CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer were alternately deposited on the surface of the substrate, the deposition atmosphere was N2, the deposition pressure was 5.0 Pa, the deposition temperature was 500°C, the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target was 200 A and 150 A respectively, the bias voltage was -80 V, and the rotation speed of the pedestal was 1.22 rpm.

[0080] The composition of the CrAlBYN layer was Cr 0.28 Al 0.60 B 0.8 Y 0.04 N, the thickness of the single CrAlYN layer was 12 nm, the thickness of the single CrAlBN layer was 8 nm, the total thickness of the obtained CrAlBYN layer was 3.5 μm, and the alternately deposited period was 175 modulation periods.

[0081] The interface structure of the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer is a coherent interface, the CrAlBYN layer presents a face-centered cubic structure, has a (200) growth orientation, and the ratio of the intensity of the (200) diffraction peak to the intensity of the (111) diffraction peak is 2.25.

[0082] The control 2-1 uses the same tool substrate model as in Example 2, and the deposited coating is Cr 0.30 Al 0.70 N layer, and the coating thickness is 3.5 μm.

[0083] The control 2-2 uses the same preparation parameters as in Example 2, except that the thickness of the single CrAlYN layer and the single CrAlBN layer is 60 nm and 40 nm, respectively, and there are 35 modulation periods.

[0084] The composite coated tools prepared in Example 2 and each control are subjected to a comparative experiment of milling stainless steel (SUS304), and the results of the comparative experiment are shown in Table 2-1.

[0085] Table 2-1

[0086]

[0087] As can be seen from Table 2-1, compared with the widely used coated tool in the market (control 2-1), the performance of the composite coated tool prepared in Example 2 is improved by more than 90% when milling stainless steel, which is due to the synergistic improvement of the hardness and toughness of the coating designed in the present application, and the lower friction coefficient.

[0088] Compared with the control 2-2, the performance of the composite coated tool prepared in Example 2 is also significantly improved, because the thickness of the two coatings in the control 6 is too thick, which leads to the generation, expansion and sliding of dislocations in each modulation layer, the hardness of the coating cannot be significantly improved, and the hardness of the coating is about 30 GPa, so that the wear resistance of the coating is reduced.

[0089] Example 3

[0090] Periodic multilayer coatings are alternately deposited on the surface of the substrate.

[0091] The substrate is a solid carbide round nose end mill with the model D6*R0.5*R60L, in which the cobalt content is 10 wt.%, and the rest is WC.

[0092] The surface of the substrate is pretreated and cleaned.

[0093] The substrate surface is alternately deposited with CrAlYN layers and CrAlBN layers, the deposition atmosphere is N2, the deposition pressure is 5.0 Pa, the deposition temperature is 550 ℃, the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target is 200 A and 180 A respectively, the bias voltage is -80 V, and the rotation speed of the pedestal is 1.5 rpm.

[0094] The CrAlBYN layer is composed of Cr 0.36 Al 0.45 B 0.15 Y 0.04 N, the thickness of the single CrAlYN layer is 10 nm, the thickness of the single CrAlBN layer is 10 nm, the total thickness of the obtained CrAlBYN layer is 3.6 μm, and the period of the alternately deposited layers is 180 modulation periods.

[0095] The interface structure of the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer is a coherent interface, the CrAlBYN layer presents a face-centered cubic structure, has a (200) growth orientation, and the ratio of the (200) diffraction peak intensity to the (111) diffraction peak intensity is 2.5.

[0096] The control 3-1 uses the same preparation parameters as example 3, except that the CrAlBYN layer is composed of Cr 0.34 Al 0.60 B 0.03 Y 0.03 N.

[0097] The control 3-2 uses the same preparation parameters as example 3, except that the CrAlY target is replaced by a CrAl target, and the alternately deposited layers are CrAlN layers and CrAlBN layers.

[0098] The control 3-3 is different from example 3 in that the bias voltage is -150 V.

[0099] The composite coated cutters prepared in example 3 and each control are subjected to intermittent milling of quenched steel (SKD11) for comparison, and the comparison results are shown in Table 3-1.

[0100] Table 3-1

[0101]

[0102] As shown in Table 3-1, the composite coated cutter prepared in example 3 has the best cutting performance, which is due to the optimization of the heat resistance, wear resistance and oxidation resistance of the coating.

[0103] The B content in the CrAlBYN layer of the control 3-1 is too low, resulting in a significant decrease in the hardness of the coating, only 30 GPa, so as to affect the wear resistance of the coating.

[0104] The control sample 3-2 uses CrAlN instead of CrAlYN layer as the alternating layer, the composite coating does not contain Y element, which reduces the oxidation resistance of the coating.

[0105] The control sample 3-3 uses a high bias voltage of-150V, which enhances the degree of lattice distortion of the coating, resulting in an increase in residual stress of the coating, and the coated tool blade collapses prematurely.

[0106] Example 4

[0107] A transition layer is deposited on the surface of the substrate, and a periodic multilayer coating is alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer.

[0108] The substrate is a hard alloy numerical control blade of CNMG120408 type, wherein the cobalt content is 10wt.%, and the rest is WC.

[0109] The surface of the substrate is pretreated and cleaned.

[0110] A transition layer is deposited on the surface of the substrate.

[0111] During the deposition of the transition layer, the deposition atmosphere is N2, the deposition pressure is 5.0Pa, the deposition temperature is 500℃, the current of the target material is 200A, the bias voltage is-40V, and the rotation speed of the pedestal is 1.58rpm.

[0112] The CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer are alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer, the deposition atmosphere is N2, the deposition pressure is 5.0Pa, the deposition temperature is 500℃, the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target is 200A and 150A respectively, the bias voltage is-50V, and the rotation speed of the pedestal is 1.58rpm.

[0113] The composition of the transition layer is Cr 0.70 Al 0.30 N, the composition of the CrAlBYN layer is Cr 0.48 Al 0.40 B 0.12 Y 0.02 N. The thickness of the transition layer is 300nm, the thickness of the single CrAlYN layer is 5nm, the thickness of the single CrAlBN layer is 3nm, the thickness of the CrAlBYN layer is 3200nm, the alternately deposited period is 400 modulation periods, and the total thickness of the composite coating is 3.5μm.

[0114] The interface structure of the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer is coherent interface, the CrAlBYN layer presents face-centered cubic structure, has(200) growth orientation, and the ratio of the intensity of(200) diffraction peak to the intensity of(111) diffraction peak is 2.36.

[0115] The control sample 4-1 uses the same tool substrate type as example 4, and the obtained coating is Cr0.30 Al 0.70 N layer, coating thickness of 3.5 μm.

[0116] Control 4-2 used the same preparation parameters as Example 4, except that the thickness of the transition layer was 1.1 μm, the thickness of the CrAlBYN layer was 2.4 μm, and there were 300 cycles in total.

[0117] Control 4-3 used the same preparation parameters as Example 4, except that the transition layer was Cr 0.20 Al 0.80 N layer.

[0118] The composite coated cutters prepared in Example 4 and each control were subjected to comparative experiments of turning stainless steel (SUS304), and the results of the comparative experiments are shown in Table 5-1 below.

[0119] Table 4-1

[0120]

[0121] As can be seen from Table 4-1, the composite coated cutter prepared in Example 4 had significantly better performance than controls 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3.

[0122] Compared with control 4-1, the composite coated cutter prepared in Example 4 had higher heat resistance and wear resistance.

[0123] The thickness of the transition layer of control 4-2 was too thick, the hardness of the transition layer was too low, the support of the outer CrAlBYN layer was reduced, which led to the premature peeling or delamination of the composite coated cutter during machining, thereby affecting the performance of the coating.

[0124] The Al content of the transition layer of control 4-3 was too high, the transition layer had a mixed structure of cubic phase / hexagonal phase, which reduced the film-substrate adhesion, leading to premature peeling of the coating during cutting.

[0125] Example 5

[0126] A transition layer was deposited on the surface of the substrate, and a periodic multilayer coating was alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer.

[0127] The substrate was a hard alloy numerical control blade of model CNMG120408, in which the cobalt content was 10 wt.%, and the rest was WC.

[0128] The surface of the substrate was pretreated and cleaned.

[0129] The transition layer was deposited on the surface of the substrate.

[0130] The deposition atmosphere was N2, the deposition pressure was 4.2 Pa, the deposition temperature was 500 ℃, the current of the target material was 200 A, the bias voltage was -40 V, and the rotation speed of the base was 1.35 rpm.

[0131] The CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer were alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer, the deposition atmosphere was N2, the deposition pressure was 4.2 Pa, the deposition temperature was 500 ℃, the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target was 200 A and 140 A respectively, the bias voltage was -80 V, and the rotation speed of the base was 1.35 rpm.

[0132] The composition of the transition layer was Cr 0.50 Al 0.50 N, and the composition of the CrAlBYN layer was: Cr 0.23 Al 0.58 B 0.16 Y 0.03 N. The thickness of the transition layer was 150 nm, the thickness of the single CrAlYN layer was 16 nm, the thickness of the single CrAlBN layer was 6 nm, the thickness of the CrAlBYN layer was 3850 nm, the period of the alternately deposited layers was 175 modulation periods, and the total thickness of the composite coating was 4.0 μm.

[0133] The interface structure of the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer was a coherent interface, the CrAlBYN layer exhibited a face-centered cubic structure, had a (200) growth orientation, and the ratio of the (200) diffraction peak intensity to the (111) diffraction peak intensity was 2.6.

[0134] The control sample 5-1 used the same tool substrate model as in Example 5, and the deposited coating was a Cr 0.30 Al 0.70 N layer, and the coating thickness was 4.0 μm.

[0135] The control sample 5-2 used the same preparation parameters as in Example 5, except that the thickness of the transition layer was 3.67 μm, the thickness of the CrAlBYN layer was 0.33 μm, and the period of the alternately deposited layers was 15 periods.

[0136] The transition layer of the control sample 5-3 was Cr 0.50 Al 0.50N layer, thickness of 200 nm, thickness of single CrAlYN layer and single CrAlBN layer is 16 nm and 3 nm respectively, total of 200 cycles, CrAlBYN layer presents (200) orientation, and the ratio of (200) diffraction peak intensity to (111) diffraction peak intensity is 4.8. During deposition of the transition layer, the deposition atmosphere is N2, the deposition pressure is 4.2 Pa, the deposition temperature is 450 DEG C, the current of the target material is 200 A, the bias voltage is -40 V, and the base rotation speed is 1.75 rpm. During the alternating deposition, the deposition atmosphere is N2, the deposition pressure is 1.2 Pa, the deposition temperature is 450 DEG C, the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target is 200 A and 130 A respectively, the bias voltage is -50 V, and the base rotation speed is 2.23 rpm.

[0137] The composite coated cutters prepared from Example 5 and each control were subjected to comparative experiments of continuous turning of stainless steel (SUS304), and the results of the comparative experiments are shown in Table 5-1.

[0138] Table 5-1

[0139]

[0140] As shown in Table 5-1, the composite coated cutter prepared from Example 5 has very obvious advantages.

[0141] Compared with Control 5-1, the performance improvement of the composite coated cutter prepared from Example 5 benefits from the obvious optimization of the heat resistance, wear resistance and friction performance of the coating.

[0142] The thickness of the CrAlBYN layer of Control 5-2 is too thin, only 0.33 μm, which is not within the preferred thickness range of the present application, and the hardness of the CrAlBYN layer is about 31 GPa, resulting in that the wear resistance and heat resistance of the CrAlBYN layer cannot be fully played.

[0143] The ratio of the two diffraction peak intensities of the coating of Control 5-3 is 4.8, which exceeds the preferred ratio range of the present application, resulting in that the residual stress of the coating is too large, and the phenomenon of early delamination and peeling of the coating at the cutting edge of the cutter is also found in the cutting process, so as to reduce the machining performance of the coating.

[0144] Example 6

[0145] A transition layer was deposited on the surface of the substrate, and a periodic multilayer coating was alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer.

[0146] The substrate was a whole carbide round nose milling cutter of D6*R0.5*60L type, wherein the cobalt content was 10 wt.%, and the rest was WC.

[0147] The surface of the substrate was pretreated and cleaned.

[0148] A transition layer is deposited on the surface of the substrate.

[0149] The deposition atmosphere is N2, the deposition pressure is 4.5 Pa, the deposition temperature is 550℃, the current of the target material is 160 A, the bias voltage is -40 V, and the rotation speed of the pedestal is 1.45 rpm.

[0150] The CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer are alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer, the deposition atmosphere is N2, the deposition pressure is 3.2 Pa, the deposition temperature is 550℃, the current of the CrAlY target material and the CrAlB target material is 180 A and 140 A respectively, the bias voltage is -75 V, and the rotation speed of the pedestal is 1.45 rpm.

[0151] The composition of the transition layer is Cr 0.40 Al 0.60 N, the composition of the CrAlBYN layer is Cr 0.26 Al 0.52 B 0.18 Y 0.04 N. The thickness of the transition layer is 250 nm, the thickness of the single CrAlYN layer is 15 nm, the thickness of the single CrAlBN layer is 5 nm, the thickness of the CrAlBYN layer is 4000 nm, the period of alternately depositing is 200 modulation periods, and the total thickness of the composite coating is 4.25 μm.

[0152] The interface structure of the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer is a coherent interface, the CrAlBYN layer presents a face-centered cubic structure, has a (200) growth orientation, and the ratio of the (200) diffraction peak intensity to the (111) diffraction peak intensity is 2.2.

[0153] The difference between the control 6-1 and Example 6 is that the deposition temperature is 650℃.

[0154] The difference between the control 6-2 and Example 6 is that the current of the CrAlY target material and the CrAlB target material is 220 A and 230 A respectively.

[0155] The difference between the control 6-3 and Example 6 is that the composition of the CrAlBYN layer is Cr 0.11 Al 0.75 B 0.10 Y 0.04 N.

[0156] The composite coating cutters prepared in Example 6 and the controls are subjected to intermittent milling of quenched steel (SKD11) for comparison, and the comparison results are shown in Table 6-1.

[0157] Table 6-1

[0158]

[0159] As shown in Table 6-1, the service life of the composite coated cutting tool prepared in Example 6 is increased by at least 30% compared with the control, which is due to the high hardness and high oxidation resistance of the coating, thereby improving the service life of the cutting tool.

[0160] In the control 6-1, the deposition temperature is too high, resulting in excessive thermal stress of the coating, poor film-substrate adhesion, and easy peeling of the coating during cutting.

[0161] In the control 6-2, the deposition current exceeds the preferred range of the present application, resulting in an increase in liquid droplets on the coating surface, poor surface finish, high cutting resistance, and more serious abrasive wear of the cutting tool.

[0162] In the control 6-3, the Al content of the alternating layer exceeds the preferred range of the present application, and more w-AlN phase structures are detected in the coating, resulting in a hardness of only 32 GPa and a decrease in wear resistance of the coating.

[0163] In the description of the present specification, if the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" appears, it means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0164] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the purpose of the present application.

[0165] In the description of the present application, if the patent names appear as "and", it means "and" relationship, not "or" relationship. For example, the patent name is "one kind of A, B", which means that the content claimed by the present application is: the technical solution of the subject name A and the technical solution of the subject name B.

Claims

1. A composite coating tool containing CrAlBYN, characterized by: include matrix; A composite coating, wherein the composite coating is deposited on the surface of the substrate, the composite coating comprises a CrAlBYN layer, the CrAlBYN layer comprises alternately deposited CrAlYN layers and CrAlBN layers, the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer both exhibit a face-centered cubic structure, and the CrAlBYN layer exhibits a (200) orientation; The thickness of the CrAlYN layer is 2 to 20 nm, the thickness of the CrAlBN layer is 2 to 15 nm, and the ratio of the thickness of the CrAlYN layer to the thickness of the CrAlBN layer is greater than or equal to 1; In the CrAlBYN layer, the atomic percentage of the B element is 5% to 20%, the atomic percentage of the Y element is 0.1% to 5%, the atomic percentage of the Al element is 40% to 70%, and the atomic percentage of the Cr element is 20% to 48%; The ratio of the (200) diffraction peak intensity to the (111) diffraction peak intensity of the CrAlBYN layer is 1.5 to 3; The hardness of the CrAlBYN layer is greater than 40 GPa; A coherent epitaxial interface is formed between the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer; The thickness of the CrAlBYN layer is 0.5 to 10 μm.

2. The CrAlBYN-containing composite coating tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite coating comprises a transition layer, the transition layer is deposited on the surface of the substrate, the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer are alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer, and the transition layer is set as CrAlYN. 1-x Al x N layer, 0≤x≤0.7, the Cr 1-x Al x The thickness of the N layer is 0.1 to 0.5 μm, and the Cr 1-x Al x The N layer has a face-centered cubic structure.

3. A method for preparing a composite coating tool containing CrAlBYN according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises The surface of the substrate is pretreated; CrAlYN layers and CrAlBN layers are alternately deposited on the surface of the substrate; The deposition gas pressure is 1.0 to 6.0 Pa, the deposition temperature is 450 to 600° C., the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target is 150 to 200 A, and the bias voltage is -40 to -100 V.

4. The method for preparing a composite coating tool containing CrAlBYN according to claim 3, characterized in that: Cr deposited on the surface of the substrate 1-x Al x The N layer is used as a transition layer, 0≤x≤0.7, and the Cr 1-x Al x The thickness of the N layer is 0.1 to 0.5 μm, and the Cr 1-x Al x The N layer has a face-centered cubic structure, and the CrAlYN layer and the CrAlBN layer are alternately deposited on the surface of the transition layer. The deposition pressure is 1.0 to 6.0 Pa, the deposition temperature is 450 to 600°C, the current of the CrAlY target and the CrAlB target is 150 to 200 A, and the bias voltage is -40 to -100 V.

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