A cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector

Abstract

The present application relates to a cyclone phase-change composite integrated dust collector, comprising: a dust collection shell, the dust collection shell is provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet; the dust collection shell is provided with a front multi-tube cyclone dust collection section, a middle section spray dust reduction section and a rear end phase-change composite dust collection section in sequence; the front multi-tube cyclone dust collection section is arranged close to the flue gas inlet; the rear end phase-change composite dust collection section is arranged close to the flue gas outlet; the middle section spray dust reduction section is located between the front multi-tube cyclone dust collection section and the rear end phase-change composite dust collection section; wherein the front multi-tube cyclone dust collection section comprises a primary cyclone block arranged close to the flue gas inlet and a secondary cyclone block arranged at the rear end of the primary cyclone block. The present application has the advantages of being able to collect high-concentration dust to achieve ultra-low emissions, stably meet standard operation, and has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, low maintenance rate, and safe operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment, and in particular to a cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector. Background Art

[0002] There are many kinds of devices for flue gas dust control at steel plant emission points, including electrostatic precipitators, bag dust collectors, multi-cyclone dust collectors, wet electrostatic precipitators, and water film dust collectors, etc. The performance of these devices can lead to different application areas.

[0003] The flue gas dust emitted by steel plants has the following characteristics:

[0004] First, the sources are diverse, including loss in the tail unloading of raw materials, loss in sintered ore crushing and screening, and loss in mixing of main raw materials and auxiliary raw materials.

[0005] Second, the chemical composition is complex, including iron dioxide, iron oxide, lime, silicon dioxide, metal hydrochloride, etc., and these components have different physical and chemical properties.

[0006] Third, the particle size distribution spans a wide range, from a few microns to hundreds of microns, but particles around 10 microns account for a large proportion.

[0007] Fourth, it has special physical properties, such as poor water solubility, high wear, corrosiveness and high resistivity.

[0008] Due to the above characteristics, dust treatment is difficult. Among the above devices, wet electrostatic precipitators and water film precipitators are the most commonly used. Although wet electrostatic precipitators can meet the emission efficiency, they have the disadvantages of high investment cost, high operating energy consumption, high maintenance cost, and low operating safety factor. The emission efficiency of water film precipitators has not reached the emission standards.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0010] Based on this, a cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector is provided, which can collect high-concentration dust to achieve ultra-low emissions and operate stably and meet standards. It has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, low maintenance rate and safe operation.

[0011] On the one hand, a cyclone phase-change composite integrated dust collector is provided, comprising: a dust removal shell, the dust removal shell being provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet; a front multi-tube cyclone dust removal section, a middle spray dust reduction section and a rear phase-change composite dust removal section are sequentially arranged in the dust removal shell; the front multi-tube cyclone dust removal section is arranged close to the flue gas inlet; the rear phase-change composite dust removal section is arranged close to the flue gas outlet; the middle spray dust reduction section is located between the front multi-tube cyclone dust removal section and the rear phase-change composite dust removal section; wherein the front multi-tube cyclone dust removal section comprises a first-stage cyclone block arranged close to the flue gas inlet and a second-stage cyclone block arranged at the rear end of the first-stage cyclone block.

[0012] Beneficial effects:

[0013] The present application provides a cyclone phase-change composite integrated dust collector, which uses a primary cyclone block at the front end to capture large dust particles, which can alleviate the workload of the secondary cyclone block at the rear end. The secondary cyclone block mainly captures dust particles with smaller particles in the flue gas; after the flue gas is dusted by the primary cyclone block and the secondary cyclone block, it enters the subsequent middle spray dust reduction section. The middle spray dust reduction section mainly washes and removes part of the dust in the flue gas while converting the dry flue gas into saturated flue gas, creating conditions for the next stage of the rear-end phase-change composite dust removal section; the rear-end phase-change composite dust removal section removes the droplets and dust particles carried in the flue gas. Therefore, in this embodiment, the front multi-tube cyclone dust removal section, the middle spray dust reduction section, and the rear-end phase-change composite dust removal section cooperate with each other to collect high-concentration dust to achieve ultra-low emissions, stably meet the standards, and have the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, low maintenance rate, and safe operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector in the first embodiment;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a first-stage cyclone assembly in this embodiment;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the eccentric air inlet pipe and the first-stage centrifugal cyclone pipe in this embodiment;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the secondary cyclone assembly in this embodiment;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the partial structure of the secondary cyclone block in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the spray layer in this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a plurality of spray layers arranged on the spray main pipe in this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing dust escape and capture in this embodiment;

[0022] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the experimental curve of atomization particle size and efficiency in this embodiment;

[0023] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the liquid holding layer tray in this embodiment;

[0024] Fig.11 is a schematic structural diagram showing a vaporization nozzle unit in this embodiment;

[0025] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the phase change coupling unit in this embodiment;

[0026] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the demister in this embodiment;

[0027] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector in the second embodiment;

[0028] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector in the third embodiment.

[0029] Figure numerals: 1. dust removal shell; 11. smoke inlet; 12. smoke outlet; 13. first bin; 14. second bin; 141. smoke outlet; 15. third bin; 16. fourth bin; 161. dust removal outlet; 17. first dust hopper; 18. second dust hopper; 19. third dust hopper; 20. fourth dust hopper; 2. front multi-tube cyclone dust removal section; 21. first-stage cyclone block; 211. first-stage vertical guide; 2111. first-stage centrifugal cyclone tube; 2112. eccentric air inlet pipe; 2113. first-stage air guide pipe; 22. second-stage cyclone block; 221. second-stage vertical guide; 2211. second-stage centrifugal cyclone tube; 2212. cyclone; 2213. second-stage air guide pipe; 3. middle-stage spray dust reduction section; 31. spray main pipe; 32. spray layer; 321, spray branch pipe; 322, nozzle pipe; 323, atomizing nozzle; 4, rear-end phase change composite dust removal section; 41, vaporization nozzle unit; 411, vaporization main pipe; 412, vaporization nozzle; 42, phase change coupling unit; 421, air intake pipe; 422, throat pipe; 423, reducer; 424, swirl pipe; 4241, swirl straight cylinder; 4242, inner core; 4243, blade; 425, centrifugal straight pipe; 4251, opening; 426, water retaining ring; 5, liquid holding layer tray; 51, liquid guide pipe; 52, liquid drop hole; 53, reinforcing rib; 6, demister; 61, module bracket; 62, module blade group; 63, upper flushing pipe; 64, lower flushing pipe; 7, guide part; 81, switching valve plate; 82, baffle; 83, cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0031] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment only illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner, and therefore the drawings only show components related to the present application rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0032] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with this technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented, and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application, should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in this application.

[0033] The directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "radial", "circumferential" and the like in this specification are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] The embodiment of the present application provides a cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector, which can collect high-concentration dust to achieve ultra-low emissions and operate stably and meet standards. It has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, low maintenance rate, and safe operation.

[0035] The following is a detailed description of a cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector provided in this embodiment. Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, it includes a dust removal shell 1, a smoke inlet 11 is arranged on one side of the dust removal shell 1, and a smoke outlet 12 is arranged on the other side opposite to the dust removal shell 1, that is, the smoke inlet 11 and the smoke outlet 12 are arranged opposite to each other. A front multi-tube cyclone dust removal section 2, a middle spray dust reduction section 3 and a rear phase change composite dust removal section 4 are arranged in sequence in the dust removal shell 1, the front multi-tube cyclone dust removal section 2 is arranged close to the smoke inlet 11, the rear phase change composite dust removal section 4 is arranged close to the smoke outlet 12, and the middle spray dust reduction section 3 is arranged between the front multi-tube cyclone dust removal section 2 and the rear phase change composite dust removal section 4; wherein, the front multi-tube cyclone dust removal section 2 includes a primary cyclone block 21 arranged close to the smoke inlet 11 and a secondary cyclone block 22 arranged at the rear end of the primary cyclone block 21.

[0036] In this embodiment, the front multi-tube cyclone dust removal section 2 is modified on the basis of the traditional multi-tube dust collector, and is divided into a primary cyclone block 21 and a secondary cyclone block 22. Among them, the primary cyclone block 21 is mainly used to capture coarse dust particles in the flue gas, which can alleviate the workload of the rear secondary cyclone block 22. At this stage, larger dust particles are removed, and the resistance generated is reduced to about 500Pa; the flue gas passing through the primary cyclone block 21 enters the secondary cyclone block 22. The secondary cyclone block 22 is mainly used to capture smaller dust particles in the flue gas, which can achieve 90% dust removal. The efficiency is improved, and the resistance generated is reduced to about 1000Pa; after the dust removal treatment of the first-stage cyclone block 21 and the second-stage cyclone block 22, the flue gas enters the subsequent middle-stage spray dust reduction section 3. The middle-stage spray dust reduction section 3 is mainly used to wash and remove part of the dust in the flue gas while converting the dry flue gas into saturated flue gas, creating conditions for the next stage of the rear-end phase change composite dust removal section 4; the working principle of the rear-end phase change composite dust removal section 4 is to utilize the principles of atomization, condensation, adsorption, polymerization, and centrifugal removal to remove the droplets and dust particles carried in the flue gas during the process of high-speed turbulence, violent mixing, and rotational motion of the flue gas. Therefore, in this embodiment, through the mutual cooperation of the front multi-cyclone dust removal section 2, the middle spray dust reduction section 3 and the rear phase change composite dust removal section 4, high-concentration dust can be collected to achieve ultra-low emissions and stable operation up to standard. It has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, low maintenance rate, safe operation, etc., and the overall system resistance is not more than 2200Pa, the overall service life is relatively long, the dust content in the flue gas at the flue gas inlet 11 is not higher than 80mg / Nm3, the dust at the flue gas outlet 12 is less than 5 mg / Nm3, and the dust removal efficiency is ≥93%.

[0037] Please continue to refer to Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, it should be noted that the interior of the dust removal housing 1 is laterally provided with a first bin 13, a second bin 14, a third bin 15 and a fourth bin 16; the first-stage cyclone block 21 is arranged in the first bin 13, the second-stage cyclone block 22 is arranged in the second bin 14, the middle-stage spray dust reduction section 3 is arranged in the third bin 15, and the rear-end phase change composite dust removal section 4 is arranged in the fourth bin 16; wherein the flue gas inlet 11 is connected to the first bin 13, so that the flue gas enters the first bin 13 in a horizontal direction through the flue gas inlet 11, and first passes through the first-stage cyclone block 21 in the first bin 13 for dust removal. The top of the first bin 13 is connected to the second bin 14, and then the flue gas can enter the second bin 14 after being processed by the first-stage cyclone block 21, and passes through the second-stage cyclone block 22 in the second bin 14 for dust removal. The top of the second bin 14 is connected to the third bin 15, and then the flue gas is processed by the secondary cyclone block 22 during the rising process in the second bin 14, and then enters the third bin 15, and is sprayed and dusted by the middle spray dust reduction section 3 in the third bin 15. The lower end of the third bin 15 is connected to the fourth bin 16, and the top side of the fourth bin 16 is connected to the flue gas outlet 12. Then, the flue gas is sprayed and dusted by the middle spray dust reduction section 3 during the descending process in the third bin 15, and then rises from the bottom of the fourth bin 16, and then passes through the rear end phase change composite dust removal section 4 in the fourth bin 16 for dust removal, and is discharged through the flue gas outlet 12 after dust removal. In this way, a dust removal component is independently provided in each independent bin. When the flue gas enters the dust removal shell 1 from the flue gas inlet 11, it first passes through the first-stage cyclone module 21 for dust removal, and then flows through the second-stage cyclone module 22, the middle spray dust reduction section 3 and the rear-end phase change composite dust removal section 4 in sequence for dust removal, ensuring that the flue gas treatment is discharged from the flue gas outlet 12 to meet the standards.

[0038] In some embodiments, a first dust hopper 17 is provided at the bottom of the first bin 13, a second dust hopper 18 is provided at the bottom of the second bin 14, a third dust hopper 19 is provided at the bottom of the third bin 15, and a fourth dust hopper 20 is provided at the bottom of the fourth bin 16. A dust hopper is provided at the bottom of each bin to collect dust, powder and other particulates in the flue gas treatment process, thereby facilitating one-time cleaning.

[0039] In this embodiment, it is also necessary to explain that, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the function of the first-stage cyclone module 21 is to capture large dust particles and relieve the workload of the rear-end second-stage cyclone module 22. It also has the characteristics of low drag reduction rate (within 500Pa), low cost, no filler, and light weight.

[0040] The primary cyclone assembly 21 includes a plurality of primary guides 211, which are evenly spaced in the horizontal direction, and the upper ends of the plurality of primary guides 211 are arranged in sequence from low to high in the direction close to the smoke inlet 11, in other words, they are arranged in sequence from low to high in the order from left to right. The primary guide 211 includes a primary centrifugal cyclone tube 2111, an eccentric air inlet pipe 2112, and a primary air guide pipe 2113. The primary centrifugal cyclone tube 2111 is arranged vertically, and the lower end is arranged in a cone shape. The primary air guide pipe 2113 is also arranged vertically, and the lower end extends into the primary centrifugal cyclone tube 2111 and the two are arranged coaxially. The upper end of the primary air guide pipe 2113 passes through the first bin 13; the eccentric air inlet pipe 2112 is connected to the side of the primary centrifugal cyclone tube 2111 and is tangent to the side of the primary centrifugal cyclone tube 2111. Therefore, the flue gas enters the eccentric air inlet pipe 2112 in a tangential manner, rotates near the inner wall of the cylinder of the first-stage centrifugal cyclone tube 2111, and the carried particles are thrown to the outer layer due to the centrifugal force, thereby achieving separation. In the lower conical part of the first-stage centrifugal cyclone tube 2111, the air flow rotation radius decreases, the tangential speed increases, and the particles move downward along the spiral line. Finally, the air flow rotates upward near the bottom of the cone and is discharged through the first-stage air guide pipe 2113. The particles fall into the first dust collecting hopper 17 along the inner wall, and the upper end of the first-stage guide 211 is distributed in an inclined manner, which can play a role in air uniformity.

[0041] Preferably, the material of the first-stage guide 211 is high-temperature resistant, high-chromium alloy wear-resistant material (Cr, Ni, Mo), which has the advantages of high temperature resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, resistance to rapid cooling and heating, and no cracking. The horizontal guide can change the movement of the flue gas, generate eddy current centrifugal motion to separate dust and flue gas, and has the characteristics of low drag reduction rate (within 500Pa), strong interchangeability, no filler, light weight, etc.

[0042] In this embodiment, it is also necessary to explain that, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5As shown, the secondary cyclone assembly 22 includes a plurality of vertical guides 221, which are evenly spaced in the horizontal direction, and the upper ends of the plurality of vertical guides 221 are arranged in sequence from low to high in the direction close to the smoke inlet 11. In other words, they are arranged in sequence from low to high in the order from left to right. The vertical guide 221 includes a secondary centrifugal cyclone tube 2211, a cyclone 2212 and a secondary air guide tube 2213. The cyclone 2212 is arranged at the upper end of the secondary centrifugal cyclone tube 2211. The cyclone 2212 is composed of a plurality of vortex blades inclined in the same circumferential direction, which are used to suck the gas from the top in an axial rotation to generate a vortex, centrifugal force, separate dust, and the gas rotates into the secondary centrifugal cyclone tube 2211. The lower end of the secondary air guide 2213 passes through the cyclone 2212 and then extends into the secondary centrifugal cyclone tube 2211. The upper end of the secondary air guide 2213 passes through the second bin 14, and the secondary centrifugal cyclone tube 2211, the cyclone 2212 and the secondary air guide 2213 are coaxially arranged. Therefore, the flue gas enters the secondary cyclone block 22 after being processed by the primary cyclone block 21, generates a vortex in the cyclone 2212 and enters the secondary centrifugal cyclone tube 2211, and then exhausts the flue gas through the secondary air guide 2213. The dust captured in the cyclone 2212 enters the second dust collecting hopper 18 under the action of gravity. The diameter of the dust particles collected in this section is relatively small, and a dust removal efficiency of 90% can be achieved, and the resistance generated is reduced to about 1000Pa.

[0043] In this embodiment, it is also necessary to explain that, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the middle spray dust reduction section 3 includes a spray main pipe 31 and a spray layer 32. The spray main pipe 31 is vertically arranged, and the spray layer 32 is arranged as a plurality of layers. The plurality of spray layers 32 are evenly spaced and arranged along the height direction of the spray main pipe 31. In this embodiment, the liquid-gas ratio is selected according to factors such as the flue gas volume, dust concentration, flue gas temperature, spray cross-sectional area, and spray section distance. The liquid-gas ratio is generally selected to be 2-5L / m³, and the total spray water volume and the number of spray layers are determined according to the liquid-gas ratio. In this embodiment, the design number of spray layers 32 is selected to be 3-5 layers.

[0044] In one example, the spray layer 32 includes a spray branch pipe 321, a nozzle pipe 322 and an atomizing nozzle 323. The spray branch pipe 321 is arranged horizontally, the nozzle pipe 322 is installed at the lower side of the spray branch pipe 321 and is interconnected with the inside of the spray branch pipe 321. The nozzle pipe 322 is provided in a plurality of pieces, and the plurality of nozzle pipes 322 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the spray branch pipe 321. The atomizing nozzle 323 and the nozzle pipe 322 are arranged one by one, and the atomizing nozzle 323 is installed at the lower end of the nozzle pipe 322. The spray main pipe 31 passes through the spray branch pipe 321 in each spray layer 32, and the spray main pipe 31 provides spray liquid through an external water supply source. Thus, the spray liquid is sprayed into several spray branches 321 through the spray main pipe 31, and the spray branch pipe 321 then disperses the spray liquid into several nozzle pipes 322. The spray liquid is sprayed out after being atomized by the atomizing nozzle 323. The sprayed droplets wash and remove part of the dust in the flue gas, and convert the dry flue gas into saturated flue gas. Preferably, the design pressure selection range of the atomizing nozzle 323 is 2-5MPa, and the design flow rate of the spray pipeline is 1.5-2.5m / s to avoid the risk of pipeline blockage and wear.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, during actual operation, at the operating temperature of the dust collector, the droplets will quickly vaporize and evaporate, releasing the captured dust. Therefore, the atomization particle size is selected according to the flue gas temperature, flue gas flow rate and evaporation rate. The size of the atomization particle size is the main factor affecting the dust capture rate. When the atomization particle size is close to the dust particle size, the capture is best. If the atomization particle size is too large, the dust particles cannot be captured and dust escapes. Therefore, in this embodiment, the atomization particle size of the atomizing nozzle 323 is set between 100-150μm. The droplets in this range vaporize to droplets equivalent to the dust particle size (about 10-20μ) when the movement distance is 2-4m, thereby better capturing the dust and meeting the conditions for condensation and creation in the next link.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 , Fig.10As shown, in one example, a liquid holding layer tray 5 is also provided in the third bin 15, and the liquid holding layer tray 5 is provided below the middle spray dust reduction section 3. The liquid holding layer tray 5 combines the water sprayed by the middle spray dust reduction section 3 to maintain a certain liquid holding layer, and the thickness of the liquid holding layer is maintained at 50 mm, and a plurality of liquid drop holes 52 are provided at the bottom of the liquid holding layer tray 5, and the opening rate of the liquid drop holes 52 is 35%. A liquid guide tube 51 is connected below the bottom of the liquid holding layer tray 5, and the upper end of the liquid guide tube 51 passes through the liquid holding layer tray 5, and is 50 mm higher than the liquid holding layer tray 5, so that when the flue gas passes through the liquid holding layer on the liquid holding layer tray 5, the dust is captured by the liquid, and the water above 50 mm flows into the bottom through the liquid guide tube 51, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency. Preferably, a reinforcing rib 53 is also provided on the upper surface of the liquid holding layer tray 5, and the strength of the liquid holding layer tray 5 can be strengthened by the reinforcing rib 53.

[0047] Of course, a third dust collecting hopper 19 is provided at the bottom of the third bin 15, and the dust captured by the middle spray dust reduction section 3 enters the third dust collecting hopper 19 for collection under the action of gravity.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 , Fig.11 As shown, in this embodiment, it is also necessary to explain that the rear-end phase change composite dust removal section 4 includes a vaporization nozzle unit 41 and a phase change coupling unit 42, and the vaporization nozzle unit 41 and the phase change coupling unit 42 are arranged vertically in an upper and lower distribution. The vaporization nozzle unit 41 is used to vaporize the transported low-temperature cooling water to cool and condense the saturated flue gas entering the phase change coupling unit 42, and the condensed water molecules wrap the dust particles and make them larger; the phase change coupling unit 42 is used to capture the dust particles and droplets in the saturated flue gas; in this embodiment, a high-pressure water pump is used to transport low-temperature cooling water to the vaporization nozzle unit 41 for vaporization, and the water vapor in the saturated flue gas is cooled and condensed, and the condensed water molecules wrap the dust particles and make them larger, and then they are captured by the subsequent phase change coupling unit 42, and the captured dust is transported to the outside of the tower through the water collection part 43 for further treatment, such as concentration treatment.

[0049] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , Fig.11 As shown, in one example, the vaporization nozzle unit 41 includes a vaporization main pipe 411 and a vaporization nozzle 412, the vaporization main pipe 411 is horizontally arranged in the dust removal shell 1, and one end of the vaporization main pipe 411 extends out of the dust removal shell 1 to be connected to an external cold source; the vaporization nozzles 412 are arranged in a plurality, and the plurality of vaporization nozzles 412 are evenly arranged along the length direction of the vaporization main pipe 411, and a phase change coupling unit 423 is correspondingly arranged above each vaporization nozzle 412, and the vaporization main pipe 411 and the vaporization nozzle 412 are both made of corrosion-resistant alloy material and have a long service life.

[0050] In this embodiment, low-temperature cooling water is delivered to the vaporization main pipe 411 by a high-pressure water pump, and vaporized through the vaporization nozzle 412 on the vaporization main pipe 411, cooling the saturated flue gas entering the phase change coupling unit 423, and using fine particles as condensation nuclei to precipitate a large number of droplets, that is, the water vapor in the saturated flue gas is cooled and condensed, and the condensed water molecules wrap the dust particles and enlarge them, and then are captured by the phase change coupling unit 423 located above. Preferably, a precision filter is configured at the inlet of the high-pressure water pump to ensure the stable operation of the high-pressure water pump, and the operating pressure of the high-speed vaporization system is 12MPa to 15MPa.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1 , Fig.12 As shown, in the present embodiment, it is also necessary to explain that the phase change coupling unit 423 includes an air intake pipe 421, a throat pipe 422, a reducer 423, a swirl tube 424, a centrifugal straight pipe 425 and a water retaining ring 426 which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The lower end of the air intake pipe 421 is set as an air inlet and corresponds to the vaporization nozzle 412. The air inlet of the air intake pipe 421 is set as a flared port. The cooling circulating liquid is sprayed out by the vaporization nozzle 412 under high pressure. The formed fine vaporized particles collide and adsorb with the fine dust particles in the saturated flue gas during high-speed motion. The fine dust becomes a condensation nucleus and rapidly increases under the effects of condensation and lowering the flue gas temperature and enters the air intake pipe 421 through the flared port to provide conditions for subsequent dust removal. The upper end of the air inlet pipe 421 is connected to the lower end of the throat pipe 422, and the two maintain the same diameter. The throat pipe 422 is set as a straight section, but the diameter of the throat pipe 422 is smaller than the diameter of the air inlet of the air inlet pipe 421. As the cross section of the throat pipe 422 becomes smaller, the static pressure in the throat pipe 422 is converted into kinetic energy, so that the airflow in the throat pipe 422 is in a high-speed turbulent state, promoting the mutual collision of a large number of fine droplets and dust particles in the smoke, and condensing into larger particles. The lower end of the reducer 423 is connected to the upper end of the throat pipe 422, and the upper end of the reducer 423 is connected to the lower end of the swirl pipe 424, and the diameter of the reducer 423 is gradually widened from the throat pipe 422 to the swirl pipe 424. The lower end of the swirl tube 424 is connected to the upper end of the reducer 423, and the upper end of the swirl tube 424 is connected to the lower end of the centrifugal straight tube 425. The swirl tube 424 is used to form an extremely high tangential velocity for the rising airflow, so as to throw the liquid droplets and fine dust off at high speed on the wall surface of the centrifugal straight tube 425; the inner wall surface of the centrifugal straight tube 425 is provided with a liquid film, and the inner wall surface is also provided with an opening 4251. When the liquid droplets and fine dust are thrown off at high speed onto the inner wall surface of the centrifugal straight tube 425, they are intercepted after contacting with the liquid film on the inner wall surface, and adsorbed and thrown out from the opening 4251 opened on the inner wall surface of the centrifugal straight tube 425, and then enter the water collecting part 43 for collection. The water retaining ring 426 is arranged at the upper end of the centrifugal straight tube 425, and can be used to control the formation of a high-speed rotating liquid film with uniform thickness on the inner wall surface of the centrifugal straight tube 425, and can also block the liquid film on the inner wall surface from being taken out from the upper end opening to avoid secondary entrainment.

[0052] In one example, the swirl tube 424 is an airflow guide component that changes the upward airflow from the direction of movement from top to bottom to high-speed rotational movement, and is composed of a swirl cylinder 4241, an inner core 4242 and blades 4243. The upper end of the swirl cylinder 4241 is connected to the centrifugal straight tube 425, and the lower end is connected to the reducer 423. The upper end of the inner core 4242 can be supported by a bracket at the middle position of the swirl cylinder 4241, and the upper end of the inner core 4242 is rotatably connected relative to the bracket. A number of blades 4243 are evenly distributed and connected to the outer circumference of the inner core 4242 at a certain inclination angle, and a number of blades 4243 are located in the annular area of ​​the inner core 4242 and the swirl cylinder 4241. Among them, the blade 4243 is a thin sheet-like curved fan-shaped component with a smooth surface, and the number, inclination angle and coverage area of ​​the blades 4243 can be adjusted according to the processing needs of the system, such as the inclination angle can be 15°. Preferably, the cyclone tube 424 is made of 5 mm thick stainless steel (316L or 1.4529 alloy is selected according to the working conditions) to ensure wear resistance and strength, and the remaining parts are made of corrosion-resistant fiberglass to reduce costs.

[0053] It should also be noted that the opening 4251 is a long strip-shaped opening that rotates in the same direction as the blade 4243, is partially tangent to the inner wall surface of the centrifugal straight tube 425, and has a smooth and flat cut.

[0054] It should be noted that the water collecting part 43 is arranged at the position of the throat 422 and is arranged obliquely, and the lower end of the water collecting part 43 is connected to the external interface. The liquid droplets and fine dust are thrown out from the opening 4251 of the centrifugal straight tube 425 after being adsorbed by the liquid film, and the thrown-out part of the liquid droplets and fine dust are collected by the water collecting part 43 at the bottom. Since the water collecting part 43 is arranged obliquely, the liquid droplets and fine dust are gathered to the lower place by gravity and then flow out.

[0055] The vaporization in this embodiment refers to the washing liquid sprayed out through the high-pressure nozzle to form very small vaporized particles, providing conditions for subsequent dust removal; condensation refers to the saturated clean flue gas from the wet desulfurization tower encountering the cold washing liquid in a vaporized state, the flue gas temperature is reduced, and a large number of droplets are precipitated with fine particles as condensation nuclei; polymerization refers to the collision of fine particles and droplets in the flue gas in the Venturi device to condense into larger particles; adsorption refers to the liquid and particles following the gas to fully contact the liquid film layer in the spiral tube, and are captured by the liquid to achieve separation; centrifugal removal refers to the tiny liquid particles being thrown onto the spiral tube wall by centrifugal force to achieve efficient centrifugal separation.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 , Fig.13As shown, as shown, in this embodiment, it is also necessary to explain that a demister 6 is also included. The demister 6 is arranged above the rear-end phase-change composite dust removal section 4. The flue gas after passing through the rear-end phase-change composite dust removal section 4 contains a small amount of escaped fine dust and droplets, which are intercepted after being re-aggregated when passing through this demister 6.

[0057] In one feasible manner, the demister 6 is made of reinforced polypropylene, and includes a module bracket 61 and a module blade group 62 installed on the module bracket 61. The module blade group 62 includes a blade bracket installed on the module bracket 61 and arranged in a double layer, and a fine demister blade installed between the double-layer blade brackets. The fine demister blades are high-efficiency three-channel double-groove blades, which have the characteristics of high dehydration efficiency, easy flushing, high strength, and good temperature resistance.

[0058] In some embodiments, an upper flushing pipe 63 and a lower flushing pipe 64 are also installed on the module bracket 61. The upper flushing pipe 63 is equipped with an upper flushing nozzle, through which the upper layer of the module blade group 62 is flushed. The lower flushing pipe 64 is equipped with a lower flushing nozzle, through which the lower layer of the module blade group 62 is flushed.

[0059] Implementation principle of this embodiment: This application is mainly used in the fields of dust control in sintering machine mixing workshop, pelletizing drying air, vertical furnace flue gas and steel rolling workshop. The dust-containing flue gas enters from the flue gas inlet 11 and first passes through the first-level cyclone module 21. At this stage, the coarse dust particles in the flue gas are mainly captured. The flue gas passing through the first-level cyclone module 21 enters the second-level cyclone module 22. The second-level cyclone module 22 is mainly used to capture the smaller dust particles in the flue gas. After the dust removal treatment of the first-level cyclone module 21 and the second-level cyclone module 22, the flue gas enters the subsequent middle-stage spray dust reduction section 3. The middle-stage spray dust reduction section 3 is mainly used to wash and remove part of the dust in the flue gas, and the rear-end phase change composite dust removal section 4 further removes the droplets and dust particles carried in the flue gas. Therefore, in this embodiment, through the mutual cooperation of the front multi-cyclone dust removal section 2, the middle spray dust reduction section 3 and the rear phase change composite dust removal section 4, high-concentration dust can be collected to achieve ultra-low emissions and stable operation up to standard. It has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, low maintenance rate, safe operation, etc., and the overall system resistance is not more than 2200Pa, the overall service life is relatively long, the dust content in the flue gas at the flue gas inlet 11 is not higher than 80mg / Nm3, the dust at the flue gas outlet 12 is less than 5 mg / Nm3, and the dust removal efficiency is ≥93%.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that: Fig.14As shown, the dust collecting hopper is removed from the bottom of the third bin 15 and the fourth bin 16, and is replaced by a guide portion 7, which is tilted toward the fourth bin 16. After the flue gas passes through the dust removal of the middle spray dust reduction section 3, the dust gathers at the bottom of the guide portion 7. The tilted setting makes it easy to gather at a low point, so that it is easy to clean from the lowest point. Of course, the dust removal housing 1 is provided with a dust removal port 161 on the side of the fourth bin 16, and the dust removal port 161 is convenient for cleaning the collected dust.

[0062] Embodiment 3

[0063] The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that: Fig.15 As shown, a rotatable switching valve plate 81 is also provided at the position where the second bin 14 and the third bin 15 are connected. The upper end of the switching valve plate 81 is hinged to the top of the dust removal housing 1. When the switching valve plate 81 is rotated to close, the switching valve plate 81 can block the position where the second bin 14 and the third bin 15 are connected, thereby isolating the second bin 14 and the third bin 15; when the switching valve plate 81 is rotated to open, the switching valve plate 81 can open the position where the second bin 14 and the third bin 15 are connected, thereby connecting the second bin 14 and the third bin 15, and the smoke can flow from the second bin 14 to the third bin 15. Through the setting of the switching valve plate 81, it can be selected whether the smoke needs to be subsequently processed according to actual conditions. For some fields, when the smoke only needs to be discharged after being processed by the first-stage cyclone block 21 and the second-stage cyclone block 22, the switching valve plate 81 can be switched to close. In order to facilitate the discharge of smoke, a smoke exhaust port 141 is provided on the top of the second bin 14, and an openable cover is movably provided at the position of the smoke exhaust port 141. In this way, when the switching valve plate 81 is closed, the flue gas can be discharged from the top smoke exhaust port 141 after being processed by the primary cyclone block 21 and the secondary cyclone block 22, thereby improving the use flexibility of the dust collector.

[0064] In one example, a vertical baffle 82 is provided at the bottom of the connection position between the second bin 14 and the third bin 15, and the lower end of the switching valve plate 81 is attached to the baffle 82 when the switching valve plate 81 rotates to close. Since the lower end of the switching valve plate 81 and the upper end of the baffle 82 are staggered and attached, the sealing performance can be improved, ensuring that the smoke in the second bin 14 cannot leak from the free end of the switching valve plate 81 when closed, thereby improving the sealing performance. Preferably, in this embodiment, the rotation of the switching valve plate 81 is controlled by using a cylinder 83, the cylinder body of the cylinder 83 is hinged to the top of the third bin 15, and the telescopic rod of the cylinder 83 is hinged to the free end of the switching valve plate 81, that is, the lower end.

[0065] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0066] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector, characterized in that: include: A dust removal housing (1), wherein the dust removal housing (1) is provided with a smoke inlet (11) and a smoke outlet (12); The dust removal housing (1) is provided with a front multi-cyclone dust removal section (2), a middle spray dust reduction section (3) and a rear phase change composite dust removal section (4) in sequence; The front multi-cyclone dust removal section (2) is arranged close to the smoke inlet (11); The rear phase-change composite dust removal section (4) is arranged close to the smoke outlet (12); The middle spray dust reduction section (3) is located between the front multi-cyclone dust removal section (2) and the rear phase change composite dust removal section (4); The front multi-cyclone dust removal section (2) comprises a primary cyclone block (21) arranged near the smoke inlet (11) and a secondary cyclone block (22) arranged at the rear end of the primary cyclone block (21); The interior of the dust removal housing (1) is provided with a first bin (13), a second bin (14), a third bin (15) and a fourth bin (16) in sequence in a transverse direction; The first-stage cyclone assembly (21) is arranged in the first bin (13); The secondary cyclone assembly (22) is arranged in the second bin (14); The middle spray dust reduction section (3) is arranged in the third bin (15); The rear end phase change composite dust removal section (4) is arranged in the fourth bin (16); The smoke inlet (11) is connected to the first chamber (13), the upper end of the first chamber (13) is connected to the second chamber (14), the upper end of the second chamber (14) is connected to the third chamber (15), the lower end of the third chamber (15) is connected to the fourth chamber (16), and the smoke outlet (12) is connected to the fourth chamber (16); The first-stage cyclone assembly (21) comprises a plurality of first-stage vertical guides (211), the plurality of first-stage vertical guides (211) are arranged at equal intervals in a horizontal direction, and the upper ends of the plurality of first-stage vertical guides (211) are arranged from low to high in a direction close to the smoke inlet (11); The first-stage vertical guide (211) comprises a first-stage centrifugal cyclone tube (2111), an eccentric air inlet pipe (2112) and a first-stage air guide pipe (2113); The lower end of the first-stage air guide pipe (2113) extends into the first-stage centrifugal cyclone pipe (2111) and the two are arranged coaxially, and the upper end of the first-stage air guide pipe (2113) passes through the first bin (13); The eccentric air inlet pipe (2112) is connected to the side of the first-stage centrifugal cyclone tube (2111) and is tangent to the side of the first-stage centrifugal cyclone tube (2111); The secondary cyclone assembly (22) comprises a plurality of secondary vertical guides (221), and the plurality of secondary vertical guides (221) are arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal direction; and the upper ends of the plurality of secondary vertical guides (221) are arranged from low to high in a direction close to the smoke inlet (11); The secondary vertical guide (221) comprises a secondary centrifugal cyclone tube (2211), a cyclone (2212) and a secondary air guide tube (2213); The cyclone (2212) is arranged at the upper end of the secondary centrifugal cyclone tube (2211) and is used to allow gas to enter the secondary centrifugal cyclone tube (2211) from the top in an axially rotating manner; The lower end of the secondary air guide pipe (2213) passes through the cyclone (2212) and then extends into the secondary centrifugal cyclone pipe (2211), and the upper end of the secondary air guide pipe (2213) passes through the second bin (14); The secondary centrifugal cyclone tube (2211), the cyclone (2212) and the secondary air guide tube (2213) are arranged coaxially; The third chamber (15) is also provided with a liquid holding layer tray (5); The liquid holding layer tray (5) is arranged below the middle spray dust reduction section (3), a liquid holding layer is arranged on the liquid holding layer tray (5), and a plurality of liquid drop holes (52) are opened at the bottom of the liquid holding layer tray (5); A liquid guide tube (51) is connected below the bottom of the liquid holding layer tray (5); The opening rate of the liquid-falling holes (52) on the liquid-holding layer tray (5) is 35%; The upper end of the liquid guiding tube (51) passes through the liquid holding layer tray (5) and is 50 mm higher than the liquid holding layer tray (5); The thickness of the liquid holding layer on the liquid holding layer tray (5) is 50 mm; The middle spray dust reduction section (3) comprises a spray main pipe (31) and a plurality of spray layers (32) distributed at equal intervals from top to bottom; The spray layer (32) comprises a horizontally arranged spray branch pipe (321), a nozzle pipe (322) installed on the spray branch pipe (321) and connected to the interior of the spray branch pipe (321), and an atomizing nozzle (323) installed on the nozzle pipe (322); The nozzle pipes (322) are arranged in a plurality, and the plurality of nozzle pipes (322) are arranged in an interval arrangement along the length direction of the spray branch pipe (321); The spray main pipe (31) is arranged vertically, and the spray main pipe (31) passes through the spray branch pipe (321) in each spray layer (32); The working pressure of the atomizing nozzle (323) is set to 2-5 MPa; The atomizing particle diameter of the atomizing nozzle (323) is set at 100-150 μm; The flow rate inside the spray main pipe (31) is set to 1.5-2.5 m / s; Wherein, a rotatable switching valve plate is also provided at the position where the second bin and the third bin are connected, and the upper end of the switching valve plate is hinged to the top of the dust removal shell. When the switching valve plate is rotated to close, the switching valve plate can block the position where the second bin and the third bin are connected, thereby isolating the second bin and the third bin; when the switching valve plate is rotated to open, the switching valve plate can open the position where the second bin and the third bin are connected; a smoke exhaust port is provided on the top of the second bin, and an openable cover plate is movably provided at the position of the smoke exhaust port; A vertical baffle is provided at the bottom of the connecting position between the second bin and the third bin. When the switching valve plate rotates to close, the lower end is in contact with the baffle, and the lower end of the switching valve plate and the upper end of the baffle are staggered and in contact.

2. The cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end phase change composite dust removal section (4) comprises a vaporization nozzle unit (41) and a phase change coupling unit (42); The vaporization nozzle unit (41) and the phase change coupling unit (42) are arranged vertically up and down; The vaporization nozzle unit (41) comprises a vaporization main pipe (411) and a vaporization nozzle (412) arranged on the vaporization main pipe (411); The vaporization main pipe (411) is transversely arranged in the fourth chamber (16), and one end of the vaporization main pipe (411) extends out of the dust removal housing (1) to connect to an external water supply source; The vaporization nozzles (412) are arranged in a plurality, and the plurality of vaporization nozzles (412) are evenly arranged along the length direction of the vaporization main pipe (411), and a phase change coupling unit (42) is correspondingly arranged above each vaporization nozzle (412).

3. The cyclone phase change composite integrated dust collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phase change coupling unit (42) comprises an air intake pipe (421), a throat pipe (422), a reducing pipe (423), a swirl pipe (424) and a centrifugal straight pipe (425) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; The air inlet of the air inlet pipe (421) is arranged in a flared manner and corresponds to the vaporization nozzle (412); The lower end of the throat pipe (422) is connected to the air outlet of the air inlet pipe (421), and the two have the same pipe diameter; The diameter of the reducer (423) gradually widens in the direction from the throat (422) to the cyclone (424); The cyclone tube (424) is used to generate a tangential velocity for the rising airflow and to throw off droplets and fine dust onto the inner wall surface of the centrifugal straight tube (425); The inner wall surface of the centrifugal straight tube (425) is provided with a liquid film for adsorbing liquid droplets and fine dust, and the inner wall surface is also provided with an opening (4251) for throwing out the adsorbed liquid droplets and fine dust; Wherein, the cyclone tube (424) comprises a cyclone straight tube (4241), an inner core (4242) and blades (4243); The inner core (4242) is arranged at the middle position of the swirl straight cylinder (4241); The plurality of blades (4243) are evenly distributed at a certain inclination angle in the annular area of ​​the inner core (4242) and the swirl cylinder (4241).

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