A method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column

Abstract

The present invention aims to solve the problem of avoiding functional failure of the spherical bearing due to construction load during the installation of the existing spherical bearing; a connection and installation method for a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column is provided, wherein an unloading plate is arranged between the short column and the embedded plate to support the short column, and the unloading plate is removed after the assembly is completed. Compared with the secondary beam dropping method, after the short column is finally fixed, the displacement of the short column is smaller, and a higher precision can be maintained, so that the height error of the final truss is smaller. In addition, compared with the use of a sand box or a jack, the unloading plate has lower cost, simple operation process and lower risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of support construction, and in particular to a method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical support and a truss short column. Background Art

[0002] For some large steel structure building frames, due to the need to consider earthquake resistance and other requirements, steel structure spherical bearings are used at the drop point. The existing connection between steel structure spherical bearings and building frames usually adopts a secondary drop beam method, in which the secondary drop beams are mostly supported by external supports, mainly grid structures, jacks or sand boxes, such as the content shown in the patent application publication number CN113123608A, in which the structure of the secondary drop beam is realized by a jack. Figure 1 As shown. However, in the secondary beam drop method, since there is usually a gap between the external support frame and the spherical support, after the frame falls, the top tight surface with the spherical support is 70% to 95%. The error of the missing top tight surface will affect the height of the frame after the beam is dropped. In addition, the external support also needs to be built, and the built external support will have a manufacturing size deviation, usually 2mm to 5mm, and there will also be a positioning deviation when the external support is positioned on the frame support, usually 1mm to 2mm. These errors will eventually accumulate to the position of the frame after the beam is dropped. On the other hand, in the process of secondary beam drop, since the support needs to be unloaded and the frame falls, there are certain safety risks in this process. Finally, there is a dynamic load on the external frame during the installation and construction process. After the dynamic load is transmitted to the spherical support, it will cause the spherical support to slide due to the lateral stress and bending moment, and may even cause the functional failure of the spherical support. Therefore, a connection and installation method of a steel structure spherical support and a truss short column with accurate positioning and safe construction is required. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical support and a truss short column.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Position the spherical bearing and the embedded plate. After positioning, fix the lower plate of the spherical bearing and the embedded plate by welding;

[0007] Step 2: Support the short column through external support equipment, and position the short column of the truss and the upper plate of the spherical bearing. After the positioning of the short column and the upper plate of the spherical bearing is completed, set a number of unloading plates around the spherical bearing, with one end of the unloading plate against the embedded plate and the other end against the short column;

[0008] Step 3: Fix the upper end of the unloading plate to the short column by welding, fix the lower end of the unloading plate to the embedded plate by welding, and remove the external support of the short column;

[0009] Step 4: Complete the assembly of the truss;

[0010] Step 5: After the truss is assembled, cut off the welding part between the unloading plate and the short column, so that the short column is in full contact with the upper plate of the spherical support.

[0011] Step 6: After the positional relationship between the short column and the upper plate is stable, weld the contact part between the short column and the upper plate;

[0012] Step 7: Cut off the welding between the unloading plate and the embedded plate, complete the conversion of the support of the short column from the unloading plate to the spherical bearing, and end the step.

[0013] Furthermore, after the short column and the upper plate of the spherical support are positioned in step 2, the short column is located directly above the upper plate of the spherical support and a set distance is maintained between the upper plates.

[0014] Furthermore, the unloading plate in step 2 is arranged around the short column at equal angles.

[0015] Furthermore, the unloading plate is an L-shaped steel plate as a whole, and two ends of the steel plate are respectively against the embedded plate and the short column.

[0016] Furthermore, the unloading plate is a steel plate with a thickness of 15 mm to 30 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 3, a lateral vertical weld is also provided between the lower end of the unloading plate and the side surface of the lower plate of the spherical support; wherein the lateral vertical weld between the unloading plate and the lower plate is cut off in step 7.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 3, a reinforced plate is provided between the unloading plate and the embedded plate; the two side edges of the reinforced plate are respectively fitted with the unloading plate and the embedded plate; the two side edges of the reinforced plate are also respectively welded and fixed to the unloading plate and the embedded plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the stiffened plate is a triangular plate or a square plate.

[0020] Furthermore, after the welding portion between the short column and the unloading plate is cut off in step 5, the upper plate and the portion above the unloading plate corresponding to the spherical bracket must also be cut off.

[0021] Furthermore, both ends of the unloading plate are respectively provided with bevels of set angles for welding.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] By setting up an unloading plate to support the short column, and removing the unloading plate after the assembly is completed, the unloading plate transmits the deadweight of the external frame and the dynamic load during the frame assembly process to the embedded steel plate, avoiding the functional failure of the spherical bearing due to lateral stress and bending moment. Compared with the secondary beam drop method, the displacement of the short column is small during the final fixing of the short column, and a high precision can be maintained, so that the height error of the final truss is small. In addition, compared with the use of sand boxes or jacks, the unloading plate has lower costs, simpler operation process and lower risks;

[0024] By setting the spherical support including the first upper plate and other structures, the first upper plate of the spherical support can be slidably adjusted in two directions in the same plane, and can also be rotated within a certain angle, so as to better realize the support of the truss by the spherical support;

[0025] By arranging a stiffened plate and a transition structure on the unloading plate, the bending resistance of the unloading plate in the vertical direction and on both sides is enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing structure that realizes secondary beam drop through external support;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the unloading plate, the short column and the embedded plate of Example 1;

[0028] Figure 3 The cross section of the spherical support of Example 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 4 The cross section of the spherical support of Example 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a simplified schematic diagram of installing an unloading plate around the spherical support of Example 1;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a front view of the unloading plate of Example 1;

[0032] Figure 7 A top view of the unloading plate of Example 1;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a left view of the unloading plate of Example 1;

[0034] Fig. 9The transition structure of Example 1 is a front view of an unloading plate having a curved surface;

[0035] Fig.10 The transition structure of Example 1 is a front view of an unloading plate with an inclined surface;

[0036] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the unloading plate, the short column and the embedded plate of Example 2;

[0037] Fig.12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spherical support in Example 2;

[0038] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the movement of the steel plate group inside the spherical support of Example 2.

[0039] Description of the accompanying drawings: spherical bearing 1, first upper plate 11, first lower plate 12, first arc panel 13, first support plate 14, first wear-resistant plate 15, second lower plate 16, second arc panel 17, second support plate 18, second upper plate 19, steel sheet group 110, slide bar 111, slide groove 112, hole position 113, surrounding edge 114, short column 2, embedded plate 3, unloading plate 4, transition structure 41, bevel 42. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0041] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only used to schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present invention. The figures only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] like Figures 2 to 10 As shown, a method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column comprises the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Position the spherical support 1 and the embedded plate 3. After positioning, fix the first lower plate 12 of the spherical support 1 and the embedded plate 3 by welding. It should be noted that the embedded plate 3 is used to install the lower plate 12 of the spherical support 1. The spherical support 1 is arranged above the embedded plate 3. During the installation process, the lower plate of the spherical support 1 is fixedly connected to the embedded plate 3. The embedded plate 3 is fixedly arranged in the external cement structure column.

[0045] Step 2: Support the short column 2 through an external supporting device, and position the short column 2 of the truss with the first upper plate 11 of the spherical support 1. After the positioning of the short column 2 and the first upper plate 11 of the spherical support 1 is completed, a plurality of unloading plates 4 are arranged around the spherical support 1, and one end of the unloading plate 4 abuts against the embedded plate 3, and the other end abuts against the short column 2; in this example, the external supporting device is a jack; the short column 2 is a column used for supporting the truss;

[0046] Step 3: The upper end of the unloading plate 4 is fixed to the short column 2 by welding, and the lower end of the unloading plate 4 is fixed to the embedded plate 3 by welding, and the external support of the short column 2 is removed; wherein the unloading plate 4 and the short column 2 as well as the unloading plate 4 and the embedded plate 3 are fully welded to ensure the welding strength, and the height of the weld is 25mm; and the weld between the unloading plate 4 and the embedded plate 3 is a full penetration weld;

[0047] Step 4: Complete the assembly of the truss;

[0048] Step 5: After the truss is assembled, the welding portion between the unloading plate 4 and the short column 2 is cut off, so that the short column 2 is in full contact with the first upper plate 11 of the spherical support 1, so that the pressure of the short column 2 is transmitted to the spherical support 1. In this process, the first upper plate 11 of the spherical support 1 will rotate and deflect to a certain angle; however, due to the gradual removal process of the unloading plate 4, the rotation and deflection of the spherical support 1 occur slowly, and the rotation angle and deflection values ​​are small;

[0049] Step 6: After the positional relationship between the short column 2 and the first upper plate 11 is stabilized, the contact portion between the short column 2 and the first upper plate 11 is welded;

[0050] Step 7: Cut off the welding between the unloading plate 4 and the embedded plate 3, complete the conversion of the support of the short column 2 from the unloading plate 4 to the spherical bearing 1, and end the step.

[0051] The spherical support 1 in step 1 comprises a first upper plate 11, a first lower plate 12, a first curved panel 13, a first support plate 14 and a first wear-resistant plate 15 located between the first upper plate 11 and the first lower plate 12; the first support plate 14 is slidably arranged above the first lower plate 12, and the upper surface of the first support plate 14 is arranged as a concave surface matching the first curved panel 13; one side of the first curved panel 13 is arranged as a convex spherical surface, and the other side is arranged as a plane, one side of the spherical surface of the first curved panel 13 faces the upper surface of the first support plate 14, and the plane of the first curved panel 13 One side faces the lower surface of the first upper plate 11; the upper end of the first support plate 14 is also slidably connected to the first upper plate 11; the first wear-resistant plate 15 is respectively arranged between the lower plate and the first support plate 14, between the first support plate 14 and the first arc panel 13, and between the first arc panel 13 and the first upper plate 11; it should be noted that the sliding direction of the first support plate 14 on the first lower plate 12 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the first support plate 14 on the first upper plate 11, so that the first upper plate 11 can slide in two directions when sliding and adjusting, and has a higher degree of freedom of movement. In this example, the upper and lower sides of the first support plate 14 are respectively provided with protruding strip sliders, and corresponding recessed slide grooves 112 are provided on the first upper plate 11 and the first lower plate 12; wherein the width of the slide groove 112 of the first lower plate 12 matches the strip slider, and the width of the slide groove 112 of the first upper plate 11 is greater than the width of the slide bar 111, so that when the first upper plate 11 and the first support plate 14 remain parallel, there are gaps between the strip slider at the upper end of the first support plate 14 and the upper and lower inner sides of the slide groove 112 of the first upper plate 11, which meets the rotation requirement of the first arc panel 13 and can drive the first upper plate 11 to move within a certain angle.

[0052] After the short column 2 and the first upper plate 11 of the spherical support 1 are positioned in step 2, the short column 2 is located directly above the first upper plate 11 of the spherical support 1, and a set distance is maintained between the first upper plate 11; wherein the unloading plates 4 are arranged around the short column 2 at equal angles. In this example, four unloading plates 4 are respectively arranged around the short column 2, and the four unloading plates 4 are adjacently arranged at an angle of 90 degrees, and the four unloading plates 4 are respectively arranged in the middle position of the four edges of the square first lower plate 12.

[0053] The unloading plate 4 is an L-shaped steel plate, and the two ends of the steel plate are respectively against the embedded plate 3 and the short column 2. In this example, when the unloading plate 4 is installed, its corner portion corresponds to the edge of the first upper plate 11. In order to enhance the bending resistance of the L-shaped unloading plate 4 in the vertical direction, a transition structure 41 of an inclined surface or an arc surface is also provided at the corner portion of the L-shaped unloading plate 4. The unloading plate 4 is a steel plate with a thickness of 15mm to 30mm. In this example, a steel plate with a thickness of 20mm is used.

[0054] In the step 3, a lateral vertical weld is also arranged between the lower end of the unloading plate 4 and the side surface of the first lower plate 12 of the spherical support 1 to ensure that the positional relationship among the unloading plate 4, the spherical support 1 and the embedded plate 3 is relatively stable; wherein the lateral vertical weld between the unloading plate 4 and the first lower plate 12 is cut off before the welding between the unloading plate 4 and the embedded plate 3 is cut off in step 7.

[0055] In step 3, a reinforcing plate is further arranged between the unloading plate 4 and the embedded plate 3; the two side edges of the reinforcing plate are respectively fitted with the unloading plate 4 and the embedded plate 3; the two side edges of the reinforcing plate are also respectively welded and fixed with the unloading plate 4 and the embedded plate 3, so as to improve the bending resistance of the unloading plate 4 to both sides. The reinforcing plate is a triangular plate or a square plate; in this example, the reinforcing plate is a right-angled triangular plate, and the two right-angled sides of the reinforcing plate are respectively fitted with the unloading plate 4 and the embedded plate 3, and are welded at the fitting position; the welding between the reinforcing plate and the embedded plate 3 is also cut off in step 7.

[0056] After cutting off the welding part between the short column 2 and the unloading plate 4 in the step 5, the first upper plate 11 and the part above corresponding to the spherical bracket in the unloading plate 4 must also be cut off, so as to prevent the upper part of the unloading plate 4 from affecting the movement of the spherical bracket, so that the first upper plate 11 of the spherical bracket can rotate and slide without being restricted by the unloading plate 4.

[0057] The edges at both ends of the unloading plate 4 are respectively provided with bevel angles 42 of set angles for welding. Filling the solder between the bevel angle 42 of the unloading plate 4 and the short column 2 or the embedded plate 3 can enhance the stability of the welding part of the unloading plate 4; in this example, the bevel angle 42 at both ends of the unloading plate 4 is 45 degrees. It should be noted that in some other embodiments, the bevel angle 42 can also be set to 30 degrees or 60 degrees.

[0058] During the implementation process, the unloading plate 4 is set to support the short column 2, and the unloading plate 4 is removed after the assembly is completed. The unloading plate transmits the deadweight of the external frame and the dynamic load in the frame assembly process to the embedded steel plate to avoid functional failure of the spherical support due to lateral stress and bending moment. After the steel structure is fully installed, the unloading plate is cut off to realize the support force system conversion. Compared with the secondary beam dropping method, it effectively avoids the need for a secondary beam dropping process to realize the system conversion. In addition, in the process of finally fixing the short column 2 in this embodiment, the displacement of the short column 2 is small, which can maintain a high precision. degree, so that the height error of the final truss is small. In addition, compared with the use of a sand box or a jack, the unloading plate 4 has lower cost, simpler operation process and lower risk. By setting the spherical support 1 including the first upper plate 11 and other structures, the first upper plate 11 of the spherical support 1 can be slidably adjusted in two directions in the same plane, and can also be rotated within a certain angle, so as to better realize the support of the spherical support 1 for the truss; by setting a stiffened plate and a transition structure 41 on the unloading plate 4, the bending resistance of the unloading plate 4 in the vertical direction and on both sides is enhanced.

[0059] The spherical support installation method in this embodiment is compared with the traditional secondary beam drop method in terms of force distribution and lateral displacement; the traditional secondary beam drop method first builds a steel pipe column to support the external frame, then removes the steel pipe column during the unloading process, and uses a jack to support the fulcrum of the external frame, that is, the short column, to fall on the spherical support, and finally welds the short column to the spherical support. The comparison between the method of this embodiment and the traditional method is shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1 Comparison table of the spherical support connection method and the secondary beam drop method of Example 1

[0061]

[0062] According to Table 1, it can be seen that the beam dropping method in this embodiment transfers most of the lateral stress to the unloading plate. Therefore, the lateral displacement of the spherical bearing is small, and the impact of the offset during the construction process is also small. The spherical bearing can also be protected to make it functionally stable and maintain its original posture as much as possible, while ensuring the construction accuracy; the positive pressure is jointly borne by the spherical bearing and the unloading plate. With the subsequent removal of the unloading plate, the positive pressure will be gradually and smoothly transferred to the spherical bearing, thereby realizing the conversion of the force system of the short column.

[0063] Embodiment 2:

[0064] like Figures 11 to 13As shown, this embodiment is obtained by improvement based on embodiment 1, and the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the spherical support 1 includes a second lower plate 16, a second curved panel 17, a second support plate 18 and a second upper plate 19; wherein the upper surface of the second lower plate 16 is set as a curved surface corresponding to the second curved panel 17; a recessed hole 113 is set below the second support plate 18 for docking the second lower plate 16, and the second curved panel 17 is located between the second support plate 18 and the second lower plate 16; the second upper plate 19 is slidably set on the upper surface of the second support plate 18, and the four edges of the second upper plate 19 are respectively provided with outwardly extending sliding strips 111, and the upper surface of the second support plate 18 is provided with a sliding groove 112 corresponding to the sliding strip 111. It should be noted that the outward extending length of the sliding strip 111 on the second upper plate 19 is less than the depth of the sliding groove 112, so that the sliding strip 11 1 and the bottom of the slide groove 112 leave a sliding gap, so that the second upper plate 19 can slide in all directions along the upper surface of the second support plate 18; the upper surface edge of the second support plate 18 is provided with an upwardly extending edge 114, and an elastic steel plate group is provided between the edge 114 and the side of the second upper plate 19, the steel plate group is curved, wherein the two ends of the steel plates in the steel plate group respectively abut against the edge 114, the middle part of the steel plate is bent toward the second upper plate 19, and the middle part of the steel plate is connected to the second upper plate 19 by studs; there are four groups of steel plate groups, which are distributed at equal angles around the second upper plate 191 in the horizontal direction; the provision of the steel plate group can provide a certain restoring force for the sliding of the second upper plate 19 in the second support plate 18, so that the second upper plate 19 obtains elastic support in the horizontal direction in the second support plate 18, and prevents the second upper plate from sliding easily on the second support plate. In the implementation process, the second lower plate 16 is connected to the embedded plate 3, and the second upper plate 19 is connected to the short column 2.

[0065] The above description is only a specific example of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation to the present invention. It is obvious that for professionals in this field, after understanding the content and principle of the present invention, various modifications and changes in form and details may be made without departing from the principle and structure of the present invention, but these modifications and changes based on the idea of ​​the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Position the spherical bearing and the embedded plate. After positioning, fix the lower plate of the spherical bearing and the embedded plate by welding; Step 2: Support the short column through external support equipment, and position the short column of the truss and the upper plate of the spherical bearing. After the positioning of the short column and the upper plate of the spherical bearing is completed, set a number of unloading plates around the spherical bearing, with one end of the unloading plate against the embedded plate and the other end against the short column; Step 3: Fix the upper end of the unloading plate to the short column by welding, fix the lower end of the unloading plate to the embedded plate by welding, and remove the external support of the short column; Step 4: Complete the assembly of the truss; Step 5: After the truss is assembled, cut off the welding part between the unloading plate and the short column, so that the short column is in full contact with the upper plate of the spherical support. Step 6: After the positional relationship between the short column and the upper plate is stable, weld the contact part between the short column and the upper plate; Step 7: Cut off the welding between the unloading plate and the embedded plate, complete the conversion of the support of the short column from the unloading plate to the spherical bearing, and end the step.

2. A method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the short column and the upper plate of the spherical support are positioned in step 2, the short column is located directly above the upper plate of the spherical support and a set distance is maintained between the upper plates.

3. The method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column according to claim 2, characterized in that: The unloading plate in step 2 is arranged around the short column at equal angles.

4. The method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading plate is an L-shaped steel plate as a whole, and two ends of the steel plate are respectively against the embedded plate and the short column.

5. The method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column according to claim 4, characterized in that: The unloading plate is a steel plate with a thickness of 15 mm to 30 mm.

6. The method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, a lateral vertical weld is also provided between the lower end of the unloading plate and the side surface of the lower plate of the spherical support; wherein the lateral vertical weld between the unloading plate and the lower plate is cut off in step 7.

7. The method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, a reinforced plate is further arranged between the unloading plate and the embedded plate; the two side edges of the reinforced plate are respectively fitted with the unloading plate and the embedded plate; the two side edges of the reinforced plate are also respectively welded and fixed to the unloading plate and the embedded plate.

8. The method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reinforced plate is a triangular plate or a square plate.

9. The method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column according to claim 1, characterized in that: After cutting off the welding part between the short column and the unloading plate in step 5, the upper plate above the corresponding spherical bracket in the unloading plate should be welding Partial resection.

10. The method for connecting and installing a steel structure spherical bearing and a truss short column according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the unloading plate are respectively provided with bevels of set angles for welding.

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