Heat exchanger device for refrigeration equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heat exchanger device for refrigeration equipment, which relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and includes a shell, a tube sheet, an end cover and a heat exchange tube group; the tube sheet and the end cover are enclosed to form a sealed chamber, and the sealed chamber is divided into a refrigerant inlet chamber and a refrigerant outlet chamber by a partition, and the gas-liquid separation tube is connected to the refrigerant inlet chamber through a liquid refrigerant distribution plate and the gaseous refrigerant distribution plate. The present invention can quickly form a sealed state of the gas-liquid separation tube through the arrangement of the liquid refrigerant distribution plate and the gaseous refrigerant distribution plate, thereby forming a certain pressure in the gas-liquid separation tube as the refrigerant continuously flows into the gas-liquid separation tube, and through the formation of the pressure, not only the flow rate of the gaseous refrigerant can be increased, but also the liquid refrigerant can flow quickly to the gaseous refrigerant injection port, so that the gaseous refrigerant tears the liquid refrigerant into smaller particles, so that the refrigerant can be more evenly distributed to each heat exchange tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange, and in particular to a heat exchanger device for refrigeration equipment. Background Art

[0002] The heat exchanger is a key component in the refrigeration system. There are multiple heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger. The refrigerant flows in the heat exchange tubes and the heat exchange medium flows outside the heat exchange tubes. During the heat exchange process, the refrigerant in the heat exchange tubes can absorb the heat of the external heat exchange medium and evaporate, thereby realizing its heat exchange function.

[0003] When the refrigerant is introduced into the evaporator, it is in a gas-liquid mixed state, of which about 20% of the refrigerant is in gaseous state and the remaining 80% is in liquid state. After the refrigerant is introduced, most of the liquid refrigerant is distributed to the heat exchange tubes at the bottom, and the heat exchange tubes at the top can only be allocated to a smaller amount of liquid refrigerant. The refrigerant cannot be evenly distributed to each heat exchange tube, resulting in the temperature of the heat exchange tubes at the bottom being too low, and the heat exchange tubes are prone to freezing and cracking. The heat exchange tubes at the top have insufficient refrigerant and cannot exchange heat well with the hot water outside the heat exchange tubes, thereby reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

[0004] Chinese patent CN117387254B discloses an evaporator, which separates liquid and gaseous refrigerants through a gas-liquid separation tube, and the gaseous refrigerant is ejected at high speed after passing through the gaseous refrigerant guide tube, the gaseous refrigerant distribution tube, and the injection tube in sequence. The high-speed airflow forms a low-pressure area, and the liquid refrigerant is mixed into the low-pressure area, and is torn into a mist and then ejected with the gaseous refrigerant, thereby evenly distributing the refrigerant to the heat exchange tube, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, and effectively avoiding the problem of freezing and cracking of the heat exchange tube located below due to too low temperature. However, it has the following defects in actual use: since the gas-liquid separation tube is connected to the liquid refrigerant distribution chamber, after the gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the gas-liquid separation tube, only a part of it enters the gaseous refrigerant distribution tube, resulting in a low gas flow rate of the gaseous refrigerant when entering the gaseous refrigerant distribution tube. In addition, due to the large volume of the liquid refrigerant distribution chamber, the liquid refrigerant cannot move quickly to the injection tube and is torn into tiny drops by the gaseous refrigerant. The uniformity of the distribution of gaseous and liquid refrigerants to each heat exchange tube needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger device for refrigeration equipment to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] The present invention provides a heat exchanger device for refrigeration equipment, comprising a shell, a tube sheet, an end cover and a heat exchange tube group; the tube sheet and the end cover are enclosed to form a sealed chamber, the sealed chamber is divided into a refrigerant inlet chamber and a refrigerant outlet chamber by a partition, the heat exchange tube group comprises a plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes, the U-shaped heat exchange tubes have an inlet end and an outlet end extending to the refrigerant inlet chamber and the refrigerant outlet chamber respectively; the end cover is provided with a gas-liquid separation tube and a refrigerant outlet tube respectively connected to the refrigerant inlet chamber and the refrigerant outlet chamber, the outer wall of the gas-liquid separation tube close to one end of the sealing plate is provided with a refrigerant inlet tube, and the refrigerant inlet tube is arranged tangent to the inner diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube;

[0008] The gas-liquid separation tube is connected to the refrigerant introduction cavity through the liquid refrigerant distribution plate and the gas refrigerant distribution plate;

[0009] The liquid refrigerant distribution plate is arranged at one end of the gas-liquid separation tube close to the end cover, and a slit liquid guide cavity is formed in the liquid refrigerant distribution plate, the slit liquid guide cavity comprises a first slit cavity arranged vertically and a second slit cavity connected to the first slit cavity and arranged horizontally, the width of the first slit cavity is smaller than the diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube, the width of the second slit cavity increases from one end of the first slit cavity to the other end, and the top of the second slit cavity away from one end of the first slit cavity is evenly arranged with liquid outlet pipes along its width direction, wherein the liquid outlet pipes are vertically and penetrate and extend into the refrigerant introduction cavity;

[0010] The gaseous refrigerant distribution plate is in the refrigerant inlet cavity, and the gaseous refrigerant distribution plate is located on the side of the liquid outlet pipe away from the heat exchange tube group. The refrigerant inlet cavity is hollow to form an air outlet cavity. The liquid outlet pipe is provided with an injection pipe running through it along its axial direction. One end of the injection pipe is connected to the air outlet cavity, and a through hole is provided on the injection pipe in the liquid outlet pipe. The gaseous refrigerant distribution plate is connected to a connecting pipe away from the injection pipe. The connecting pipe has an air outlet end connected to the air outlet cavity, and a plurality of air inlet ends. The plurality of air inlet ends are evenly arranged on the top of the gas-liquid separation tube along the axial direction of the gas-liquid separation tube, and the bottom end of the air inlet end extends to the center of the gas-liquid separation tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the ratio of the thickness of the slit liquid guiding cavity to the diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube is 1:20.

[0012] Furthermore, a pressure valve is provided on the injection pipe between the liquid outlet pipe and the gaseous refrigerant distribution plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube increases continuously along the flow direction of the refrigerant.

[0014] Furthermore, the air jet pipe comprises a straight pipe section, a contraction section and a flaring section, the contraction section is located in the air outlet pipe, and the through hole is arranged on the contraction section.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention can quickly form a sealed state in the gas-liquid separation tube by arranging a liquid refrigerant distribution plate and a gaseous refrigerant distribution plate. As the refrigerant continuously flows into the gas-liquid separation tube, a certain pressure is formed in the gas-liquid separation tube. The formation of this pressure can not only increase the flow rate of the gaseous refrigerant, but also enable the liquid refrigerant to flow quickly to the gaseous refrigerant injection port, so that the gaseous refrigerant tears the liquid refrigerant into smaller particles, thereby allowing the refrigerant to be more evenly distributed to each heat exchange tube.

[0017] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the liquid refrigerant distribution plate and the liquid refrigerant distribution plate structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the liquid refrigerant distribution plate and the liquid refrigerant distribution plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local structure of A;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the jet pipe in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas-liquid separation tube in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure:

[0026] 1-shell; 2-tube sheet; 3-end cover; 31-refrigerant inlet cavity; 32-refrigerant outlet cavity; 4-U-shaped heat exchange tube; 5-gas-liquid separation tube; 6-refrigerant outlet pipe; 7-liquid refrigerant distribution plate; 71-slit liquid guide cavity; 711-first slit cavity; 712-second slit cavity; 72-liquid outlet pipe; 8-gaseous refrigerant distribution plate; 81-gas outlet cavity; 83-injection pipe; 831-through hole; 84-connecting pipe; 841-gas outlet end; 842-gas inlet end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 The present invention provides a heat exchange tube group including a shell 1, a tube sheet 2, an end cover 3 and a heat exchange tube group; the tube sheet 2 and the end cover 3 are both arranged at one end of the shell 1, the tube sheet 2 and the end cover 3 are enclosed to form a sealed chamber, a baffle is arranged in the middle of the sealed chamber, and the baffle divides the sealed chamber into a refrigerant inlet chamber 31 and a refrigerant outlet chamber 32, the heat exchange tube group includes a plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes 4, the U-shaped heat exchange tubes 4 have an inlet end and an outlet end extending into the refrigerant inlet chamber 31 and the refrigerant outlet chamber 32 respectively; the end cover 3 is provided with a gas-liquid separation tube 5 and a refrigerant outlet tube 6 respectively connected with the refrigerant inlet chamber 31 and the refrigerant outlet chamber 32, a refrigerant inlet tube is arranged on the outer wall of the gas-liquid separation tube 5 close to one end of the sealing plate, and the refrigerant inlet tube is arranged tangent to the inner diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube 5. When the refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separation tube 5 along the refrigerant inlet pipe, it rotates in the gas-liquid separation tube 5. The centrifugal force generated during the rotation concentrates the liquid refrigerant on the inner wall of the gas-liquid separation tube 5 and the gaseous refrigerant at the center of the gas-liquid separation tube 5, thereby achieving the purpose of separating the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant.

[0029] The gas-liquid separation tube 5 is connected to the refrigerant inlet cavity 31 through the liquid refrigerant distribution plate 7 and the gas refrigerant distribution plate 8;

[0030] The liquid refrigerant distribution plate 7 is arranged at one end of the gas-liquid separation tube 5 close to the end cover 3, and a slit liquid guide cavity 71 is formed in the liquid refrigerant distribution plate 7. The slit liquid guide cavity 71 includes a first slit cavity 711 arranged vertically and a second slit cavity 712 connected to the first slit cavity 711 and arranged horizontally. The width of the first slit cavity 711 is smaller than the diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube 5. The width of the second slit cavity 712 increases from one end of the first slit cavity 711 to the other end. The second slit cavity 712 is away from the top of one end of the first slit cavity 711 and is evenly arranged with a liquid outlet pipe 72 along its width direction, wherein the liquid outlet pipe 72 is vertical and extends through the refrigerant inlet cavity 31.

[0031] The gaseous refrigerant distribution plate 8 is located in the refrigerant inlet cavity 31, and the gaseous refrigerant distribution plate 8 is located on the side of the liquid outlet pipe 72 away from the heat exchange tube group. The refrigerant inlet cavity 31 is hollow to form an air outlet cavity 81. The liquid outlet pipe 72 is provided with a jet pipe 83 running through it along its axial direction. One end of the jet pipe 83 is connected to the air outlet cavity 81, and a through hole 831 is provided on the jet pipe 83 in the liquid outlet pipe 72; the gaseous refrigerant distribution plate 8 is connected with a connecting pipe 84 away from the jet pipe 83, and the connecting pipe 84 has an air outlet end 841 connected to the air outlet cavity 81, and a plurality of air inlet ends 842. The plurality of air inlet ends 842 are evenly arranged at the top of the gas-liquid separation tube 5 along the axial direction of the gas-liquid separation tube 5, and the bottom end of the air inlet end 842 extends to the center position of the gas-liquid separation tube 5.

[0032] When the refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separation tube 5, the liquid refrigerant will be concentrated on the inner wall of the gas-liquid separation tube 5, while the gaseous refrigerant will be concentrated in the center of the gas-liquid separation tube 5;

[0033] As the liquid refrigerant continuously flows along the inner wall of the gas-liquid separation tube 5, the kinetic energy of the liquid refrigerant gradually decreases, and the liquid refrigerant will gather at the bottom of the gas-liquid separation tube 5. When the liquid refrigerant moves to the liquid refrigerant distribution plate 7, it enters the slit liquid guide cavity 71. Since the cross-section of the first slit cavity 711 is small, the liquid refrigerant will quickly fill the cross-section of the first slit cavity 711 and form a liquid seal here. At this time, the gas-liquid separation tube 5 is in a sealed state; as the refrigerant continuously flows into the gas-liquid separation tube 5, due to the gaseous refrigerant in the gas-liquid separation tube 5 and the gaseous refrigerant distributed in the center of the gas-liquid separation tube 5, a certain pressure can be formed in the gas-liquid separation tube 5. At this time, under the action of the pressure, The gaseous refrigerant will enter the air outlet cavity 81 through the guide tube 82 and be ejected at high speed through the injection tube 83. Since the gaseous refrigerant in the injection tube 83 has a fast airflow velocity, a low-pressure area will be formed in the injection tube 83. The liquid refrigerant will quickly pass through the first slit cavity 711 and the second slit cavity 712 into the liquid outlet pipe 72 under the pressure in the gas-liquid separation tube 5 and the attraction of the low-pressure area, and then enter the injection tube 83 through the through hole 831 and be torn into tiny droplets by the gaseous refrigerant ejected at high speed, thereby tearing the liquid refrigerant into mist and spraying it into the heat exchange tube, so that the refrigerant can be evenly distributed to each heat exchange tube, thereby improving the uniformity of the distribution of gaseous and liquid refrigerants to each heat exchange tube, and effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator.

[0034] The present invention can quickly form a sealed state of the gas-liquid separation tube 5 by setting the liquid refrigerant distribution plate 7 and the gaseous refrigerant distribution plate 8, so that as the refrigerant continuously flows into the gas-liquid separation tube 5, a certain pressure is formed in the gas-liquid separation tube 5. Through the formation of this pressure, not only the flow rate of the gaseous refrigerant can be increased, but also the liquid refrigerant can flow quickly to the gaseous refrigerant injection port, so that the gaseous refrigerant tears the liquid refrigerant into smaller particles, so that the refrigerant can be more evenly distributed to each heat exchange tube.

[0035] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the thickness of the slit liquid guiding cavity 71 to the diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube 5 is 1:20.

[0036] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a pressure valve is provided on the injection pipe 83 between the liquid outlet pipe 72 and the gaseous refrigerant distribution plate 8. When the gas outlet cavity 81 has a certain pressure, the pressure valve opens to ensure that the gas flow rate of the injection pipe 83 at each position is consistent.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube 5 along the flow direction of the refrigerant increases continuously, so that the liquid refrigerant quickly enters the slit liquid guiding cavity 71 to form a liquid seal.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the air injection pipe 83 includes a straight pipe section, a contraction section and a flared section, the contraction section is located in the air outlet pipe, and the through hole 831 is provided on the contraction section.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger device for refrigeration equipment, comprising a shell, a tube sheet, an end cover and a heat exchange tube group; the tube sheet and the end cover together form a sealed chamber, the sealed chamber is divided into a refrigerant inlet chamber and a refrigerant outlet chamber by a partition, the heat exchange tube group comprises a plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes, the U-shaped heat exchange tubes have an inlet end and an outlet end extending into the refrigerant inlet chamber and the refrigerant outlet chamber respectively; the end cover is provided with a gas-liquid separation tube and a refrigerant outlet tube respectively connected to the refrigerant inlet chamber and the refrigerant outlet chamber, a refrigerant inlet tube is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the gas-liquid separation tube close to the sealing plate, and the refrigerant inlet tube is arranged tangent to the inner diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube; It is characterized in that The gas-liquid separation tube is connected to the refrigerant introduction cavity through a liquid refrigerant distribution plate and a gas refrigerant distribution plate; The liquid refrigerant distribution plate is arranged at one end of the gas-liquid separation tube close to the end cover, and a slit liquid guide cavity is formed in the liquid refrigerant distribution plate, the slit liquid guide cavity comprises a first slit cavity arranged vertically and a second slit cavity connected to the first slit cavity and arranged horizontally, the width of the first slit cavity is smaller than the diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube, the width of the second slit cavity increases from one end of the first slit cavity to the other end, and the top of the second slit cavity away from one end of the first slit cavity is evenly arranged with liquid outlet pipes along its width direction, wherein the liquid outlet pipes are vertically and penetrate and extend into the refrigerant introduction cavity; The gaseous refrigerant distribution plate is in the refrigerant inlet cavity, and the gaseous refrigerant distribution plate is located on the side of the liquid outlet pipe away from the heat exchange tube group. The refrigerant inlet cavity is hollow to form an air outlet cavity. The liquid outlet pipe is provided with an injection pipe running through it along its axial direction. One end of the injection pipe is connected to the air outlet cavity, and a through hole is provided on the injection pipe in the liquid outlet pipe. The gaseous refrigerant distribution plate is connected to a connecting pipe away from the injection pipe. The connecting pipe has an air outlet end connected to the air outlet cavity, and a plurality of air inlet ends. The plurality of air inlet ends are evenly arranged on the top of the gas-liquid separation tube along the axial direction of the gas-liquid separation tube, and the bottom end of the air inlet end extends to the center of the gas-liquid separation tube.

2. The heat exchanger device for refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the thickness of the slit liquid guiding cavity to the diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube is 1:

20.

3. The heat exchanger device for refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air pressure valve is arranged on the injection pipe between the liquid outlet pipe and the gaseous refrigerant distribution plate.

4. The heat exchanger device for refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the gas-liquid separation tube increases continuously along the flow direction of the refrigerant.

5. The heat exchanger device for refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air injection pipe comprises a straight pipe section, a contraction section and a flaring section. The contraction section is located in the air outlet pipe, and the through hole is arranged on the contraction section.

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