External formwork wall protection structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to an external formwork wall protection structure and a construction method thereof, and relates to the field of trench support. The external formwork wall protection structure includes a support frame structure, a composite plate structure and a waterproofing membrane, wherein the support frame structure includes a support pipe, a longitudinal support beam, a connecting beam and multiple groups of frame columns, and two adjacent groups of frame columns are detachably connected through a connecting beam, and the end of the support pipe is detachably connected to the upper ends of two frame columns in the same group, and the end of the longitudinal support beam is abutted against the lower ends of two frame columns in the same group, and the longitudinal support beam is used to be buried in a concrete cushion layer; the composite plate structure is located between two adjacent groups of frame columns, and the composite plate structure includes an external formwork, a destructible buffer plate and a base plate from the outside to the inside, and the two sides of the external formwork are respectively connected to the two adjacent groups of frame columns in a vertical sliding manner, and the base plate is detachably connected to the connecting beam, and the waterproofing membrane covers the inner side of each base plate at the same time. The present application has the effect of rapid installation and improved construction convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of trench support, and in particular to an external formwork wall protection structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of laying underground pipelines and cables, there are two methods: open excavation and dark excavation. Dark excavation does not require support and will not affect ground traffic. However, it is necessary to detect objects in the soil in the dark excavation area, and there is a risk of digging into existing pipelines or cables. The open excavation method can more directly avoid objects in the soil, but it requires support, has a longer construction period, and will also affect ground traffic to a certain extent.

[0003] The open excavation method is to first excavate the trench, then support the retaining plates and beams. The retaining plates are against the side walls of the trench. The retaining plates on the same straight line are connected by back ribs. The beams are against the back ribs of the retaining plates on both sides to fix the retaining plates, thereby reducing the collapse of the trench side walls. Then, a concrete cushion layer is poured at the bottom of the trench. After the construction of the concrete cushion layer is completed, the inner and outer formworks are supported and the reinforced concrete structure is poured. The reinforced concrete structure can be a trough body or a pipe body to protect and accommodate pipelines or cables.

[0004] When this method is used, since support assembly takes a long time, the slope ratio of the trench often needs to be set smaller, so that the excavated trench is not prone to collapse quickly and more time is left for support assembly. However, if the slope ratio of the trench is smaller, the groove width of the trench will be larger when the trench bottom width is constant, resulting in a larger construction area, which will affect the normal passage of existing roads or cause impacts on ground buildings.

[0005] To this end, the present application provides an external mold wall protection structure, which can be suitable for narrower trenches and complete support assembly in a shorter assembly time to reduce the impact of soil collapse caused by large-scale slope reduction. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to increase the installation speed, the present application provides an external mold wall protection structure and a construction method thereof.

[0007] The present application provides an external mold wall protection structure, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] An external formwork wall protection structure comprises a supporting frame structure, a composite plate structure and a waterproof membrane, wherein the supporting frame structure comprises a supporting tube, a longitudinal supporting beam, a connecting beam and a plurality of groups of frame columns, each group of frame columns is arranged at intervals along the length direction of a groove, a group of frame columns comprises two frame columns, two adjacent groups of frame columns are detachably connected via a connecting beam, an end of the supporting tube is detachably connected to the upper ends of the two frame columns of the same group, an end of the longitudinal supporting beam is abutted against the lower ends of the two frame columns of the same group, and the longitudinal supporting beam is used to be buried in a concrete cushion layer; the composite plate structure is located between the two adjacent groups of frame columns, and the composite plate structure comprises an external formwork, a destructible buffer plate and a base plate from the outside to the inside, both sides of the external formwork are respectively vertically slidably connected to the two adjacent groups of frame columns, the base plate is detachably connected to the connecting beam, and the waterproof membrane covers the inner side surfaces of each base plate at the same time.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, the construction process is as follows: first, the trench is excavated with a width of less than 3 meters, and then the pre-assembled supporting frame structure is hoisted into the trench, the lower end of the frame column is inserted into the soil, and the longitudinal support beam is placed at the bottom of the trench, and the two ends of the longitudinal support beam are abutted against the lower ends of the two frame columns of the same group, and the outer formwork is placed in the trench, and the two sides of the outer formwork are matched with the two adjacent groups of frame columns; then the gap between the outer formwork and the side wall of the trench is backfilled; the destructible buffer plate and the base plate are successively installed on one side of the outer formwork, and the waterproof membrane is attached to the inner side of each base plate; the concrete cushion layer is poured, and the concrete cushion layer covers the longitudinal support beam; the reinforced concrete structure is constructed; the supporting frame structure is dismantled; the entire trench is backfilled and covered with the reinforced concrete structure.

[0010] By setting up a preassembled support frame structure, the hoisting and installation time of the outer formwork is short, which can effectively resist the falling soil on the trench side wall, and combined with the longitudinal support beams and support pipes, the stability of the support frame structure can be improved to cope with the backfill soil pressure.

[0011] Furthermore, by providing an outer formwork, a destructible buffer plate and a base plate, the outer formwork can resist soil pressure and the pouring pressure of the reinforced concrete structure, that is, one plate serves two purposes, and the base plate, as a protective layer for the waterproof membrane, can reduce damage to the waterproof membrane, and being buried in the groove, can continuously protect the waterproof membrane, thereby improving the waterproof effect of the reinforced concrete; the destructible buffer plate is used to buffer the vibration received by the outer formwork to reduce the misalignment of the base plate, and at the same time, since the destructible buffer plate has a destructible nature, during the pulling and disassembly process of the outer formwork, the friction between the outer formwork and the destructible buffer plate will not directly take away the base plate, that is, it will not affect the stability of the base plate, but will use the friction to pull and destroy the destructible buffer plate, thereby taking into account the disassembly of the outer formwork and the position stability of the base plate, and then having the advantages of rapid assembly and improved construction convenience.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes an angle steel, which is parallel to the connecting beam, and includes a first vertical portion and a second vertical portion, wherein the first vertical portion is fixedly connected to the bottom of each of the substrates, and the second vertical portion is used to be buried in the concrete cushion layer.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first vertical part is fixed to each substrate by setting an angle steel, so that each substrate is in a flush state, which is convenient for laying the waterproof membrane, and the second vertical part is buried in the concrete cushion layer, which is convenient for fixing the substrate.

[0014] Optionally, the frame column is fixed with two sleeves, and both ends of the connecting beam are fixed with vertical downward pins, and the pins are penetrated and cooperated with the sleeves; the connecting beam is detachably fixed with a buckle plate, which presses the destructible buffer plate and / or the base plate against the outer template.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection beam can be quickly assembled and disassembled through the cooperation of the latch and the sleeve, and the gusset plate can improve the installation stability of the base plate and the destructible buffer plate.

[0016] Optionally, the support tubes are provided in plurality, a first flange plate is fixed to the end of the support tube, a second flange plate is fixed to the upper end of the frame column, the first flange plates of two adjacent support tubes are fitted together and fixed by bolts; the first flange plate and the second flange plate are fitted together and fixed by bolts.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, firstly, by setting up multiple support pipes, pre-assembly adjustment can be made according to the groove width. Secondly, by setting up the first flange plate and the second flange plate, the two are fitted and abutted to better resist the lateral pressure of the groove soil, and also facilitate the vertical lifting and disassembly of the support pipe.

[0018] Optionally, the frame column includes two channel steels, which are fixed back to back, and the notches of the channel steels are used for the side edges of the outer formwork to be inserted and slidably fitted.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution and specifically defining the frame columns, the channel steel has high strength and high bending resistance to reduce the deformation of the frame columns, and the notches of the channel steel also facilitate the installation and disassembly of the outer formwork, which is more convenient.

[0020] Optionally, the support tubes are provided in plurality, a first flange plate is fixed at the end of the support tube, a second flange plate is fixed at the upper end of the frame column, and the first flange plates of two adjacent support tubes are abutted against each other and fixed by bolts; a plurality of vertically spaced rolling bodies are provided on the second flange plate, the first flange plate abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the rolling body, and the first flange plate and the second flange plate are fixed by bolts.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a rolling body is set and fixed and clamped with bolts to ensure the position of the rolling body. When disassembly is required, the bolts are released and then the support tube is lifted. At this time, the sliding friction is changed to rolling friction to reduce the lifting resistance of the support tube, thereby improving the convenience of disassembly.

[0022] Optionally, there are two support tubes, both ends of the support tubes are coaxially fixed with a first flange, the upper end of the frame column is fixed with a second flange, the disk surface of the first flange is provided with three rolling bodies evenly arranged circumferentially, and the rotation axis direction of the rolling bodies is the radial direction of the first flange; an intermediate disk is provided between two adjacent first flanges, the intermediate disk is coaxially arranged with the support tube, the intermediate disk includes two sub-disks coaxially rotatably arranged, a plug rod is slidingly provided between the sub-disks, the upper end of the plug rod is provided with a lifting ear, and the plug rod is used to limit the relative rotation of the two sub-disks; the disk surface of the sub-disk and the second flange are provided with three wedge blocks evenly arranged circumferentially, the wedge blocks have inclined surfaces, and the sub-disks and the second flanges on the opposite sides are provided with inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks are in opposite directions, and the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks of the two sub-disks are in opposite directions, and the outer circumferential surface of the rolling body abuts against the inclined surface of the wedge blocks; a first limiting sleeve and two second limiting sleeves are provided on the support tube along its own axial sliding, and the inner circumferential surface of the first limiting sleeve is simultaneously fitted with the outer circumferential surfaces of the two sub-disks and the two adjacent first flanges, and a vertically arranged first bolt is provided on the first limiting sleeve, and the first bolt is used to limit the first flange from being separated from the first limiting sleeve; the inner circumferential surface of the second limiting sleeve is simultaneously fitted with the outer circumferential surfaces of the adjacent first flange and the second flange, and a vertically arranged second bolt is provided on the second limiting sleeve, and the second bolt is used to limit the second flange from being separated from the second limiting sleeve.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, after assembly, the rod limits the relative rotation of the two sub-disks, so that the middle disk becomes a whole, and the horizontal side pressure of the trench backfill soil will be applied to the frame column through the outer template, and the horizontal side pressure of the backfill soil will be converted into an axial component force on the support pipe and a torque component force forcing the support pipe through the contact between the inclined surface of the wedge block of the second flange and the rolling body. Since the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks of the two frame columns are in opposite directions, the torque components of the two support pipes are in opposite directions, and the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks of the two sub-disks are in opposite directions, so that the torque components applied by the support pipe to the corresponding sub-disks are in opposite directions, and the middle disk is subjected to two torques in opposite directions, and the two torques cancel each other out, thereby improving the ability of the support pipe to resist lateral pressure in disguised form.

[0024] Furthermore, under the action of torque, the support tube makes the rolling body and the wedge block abut more tightly, and the three rolling bodies abut tightly with the three wedge blocks at the same time to form a self-locking structure, thereby improving the connection stability between the support tube and the frame column.

[0025] Moreover, under the action of high torque, the coaxiality between the two support tubes will be higher, that is, the two support tubes are not easily misaligned, thereby greatly reducing the occurrence of bending and deformation of the support tubes due to high side pressure.

[0026] When disassembling, first pull out the plug rod so that the two sub-disks can rotate freely. At this time, the torque will force the support tube to rotate until the rolling body is separated from the inclined surface of the wedge block. At this time, the support tube is in a relaxed state (the axial gap between the support tube and the sub-disk increases, and the resistance pressure at both ends of the support tube decreases). Then rotate the support tube to make the rolling body move away from the wedge block in the circumferential direction to leave avoidance space. Since the support tube is relaxed and the rolling body moves away from the wedge block, the support tube can be easily removed from the frame column, that is, disassembly is more labor-saving and convenient.

[0027] Secondly, by setting the first limiting sleeve and the second limiting sleeve, a connection that is not easy to separate is formed between the two support tubes and between the support tube and the frame column, so as to facilitate the lifting and assembly of the overall support frame structure, and the first limiting sleeve and the second limiting sleeve are rotatably cooperated with the first flange and the second flange to allow rotation between the two support tubes and between the support tube and the frame column, so as to facilitate the transmission and offset of torque.

[0028] Optionally, the support pipe includes a main pipe and two sub-pipes, the two first flanges are respectively fixed on the two sub-pipes, the first limiting sleeve and the second limiting sleeve are respectively sleeved on the two sub-pipes, and the main pipe and the sub-pipe are fixedly connected via a third flange.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting up separate auxiliary pipes and main pipes, the first flange, the second flange, the rolling element and the wedge block are all located on the auxiliary pipe and the frame column. Then, they can be assembled in advance and then the auxiliary pipe and the main pipe can be assembled on site to reduce the assembly difficulty of on-site workers.

[0030] The present application provides a construction method for an external mold wall protection structure, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0031] A construction method for an external mold wall protection structure comprises the following steps:

[0032] S1, trench excavation;

[0033] S2. Construction of supporting frame structure: hoist the pre-assembled supporting frame structure into the trench, insert the lower end of the frame column into the soil, put the longitudinal support beam into the bottom of the trench, and abut the two ends of the longitudinal support beam against the lower ends of the two frame columns of the same group;

[0034] S3, external formwork assembly: put the external formwork into the groove, and the two sides of the external formwork match with the two adjacent sets of frame columns;

[0035] S4, initial backfill: backfill the gap between the outer formwork and the side wall of the trench;

[0036] S5. Composite plate structure assembly: install the destructible buffer plate and base plate into one side of the outer formwork in sequence, and fix the angle steel to each base plate at the same time;

[0037] S6. Concrete cushion construction: pouring concrete cushion, which covers angle steel and longitudinal support beams;

[0038] S7, attaching the waterproof membrane to the inner side of each substrate, and then carrying out reinforced concrete structure construction;

[0039] S8. The support frame structure is removed, and the buffer plate, base plate and waterproof membrane can be destroyed and left in the groove;

[0040] S9. Secondary backfill: backfill the entire trench and cover the reinforced concrete structure.

[0041] By adopting the above technical solution and setting up the initial backfill, the soil structure around the trench is stabilized, thereby reducing the collapse of the trench mouth and facilitating the subsequent construction of temporary traffic structures such as steel bridges on the top of the trench.

[0042] Optionally, in step S8, the disassembly order of the supporting frame structure is: connecting beams, supporting tubes, frame columns and outer formwork.

[0043] By adopting the above technical solution, the disassembly resistance can be reduced and the disassembly speed can be ensured.

[0044] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0045] 1. By setting up a pre-assembled support frame structure, the time for hoisting and installation of the outer formwork is short, and it has the advantage of rapid assembly. In addition, by setting up the outer formwork, the destructible buffer plate and the base plate, the outer formwork can resist the soil pressure and the pouring pressure of the reinforced concrete structure, that is, one plate has two uses, and the base plate, as a protective layer of the waterproof membrane, can reduce the damage to the waterproof membrane; the destructible buffer plate is used to buffer the vibration of the outer formwork to reduce the misalignment of the base plate. At the same time, during the pulling and disassembly process of the outer formwork, the friction between the outer formwork and the destructible buffer plate will pull and destroy the destructible buffer plate, thereby taking into account the disassembly of the outer formwork and the position stability of the base plate, and then comprehensively having the advantages of rapid assembly and improved construction convenience;

[0046] 2. By setting the angle steel, the first vertical part is fixed to each substrate, so that each substrate is in a flush state, which is convenient for laying the waterproof membrane, and the second vertical part is buried in the concrete cushion layer, which is convenient for fixing the substrate;

[0047] 3. By setting up a specific construction method, not only can rapid assembly and rapid resistance to landslides be achieved, but also the soil structure around the trench can be stabilized after the initial backfill, thereby reducing the collapse of the trench mouth and facilitating the subsequent construction of temporary traffic structures such as steel bridges on the top of the trench; and the disassembly process causes less disturbance to the base plate and has less disassembly resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of Example 1.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting frame structure of Example 1.

[0050] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting frame structure of Example 1.

[0051] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1.

[0052] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the support tube of Example 2.

[0053] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the support tube of Example 3.

[0054] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the support tube of Example 3.

[0055] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0056] Fig. 9 yes Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0057] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional view of a support tube of Example 4.

[0058] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. supporting frame structure; 2. composite board structure; 3. waterproof membrane; 5. intermediate plate; 10. concrete cushion layer; 20. reinforced concrete structure; 30. rolling element; 11. frame column; 111. sleeve; 112. second flange plate; 113. second flange plate; 12. supporting pipe; 121. first flange plate; 122. first flange plate; 123. bracket; 124. main pipe; 125. auxiliary pipe; 126. first Three flanges; 13. Connecting beam; 131. Latch; 132. Clamp plate; 14. Longitudinal support beam; 21. External formwork; 22. Destructible buffer plate; 23. Base plate; 24. Angle steel; 241. First vertical portion; 242. Second vertical portion; 50. Wedge block; 51. Divider plate; 52. Slot; 53. Insert rod; 54. Lifting ear; 61. First limiting sleeve; 62. First bolt; 63. Second limiting sleeve; 64. Second bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The following is combined with Figure 1-10 This application is described in further detail.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] Example 1 discloses an outer mold wall protection structure, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The outer mold wall structure includes a supporting frame structure 1, a composite board structure 2 and a waterproof membrane 3, wherein the supporting frame structure 1 includes a supporting tube 12, a longitudinal supporting beam 14, a connecting beam 13 and a plurality of frame columns 11.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, each group of frame columns 11 is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the groove. A group of frame columns 11 includes two frame columns 11. The two frame columns 11 are symmetrically arranged along the width of the groove. The frame columns 11 include two channel steels. The two channel steels are welded and fixed back to back, that is, the notches of the two channel steels are arranged outward.

[0063] There can be one or more support tubes 12, which are mainly set according to the specific groove width. When there are multiple support tubes 12, the multiple support tubes 12 can be fixedly connected by flange connection. Specifically, a first flange plate 121 is fixed to the end of the support tube 12, and a second flange plate 112 is fixed to the upper end of the frame column 11. The first flange plates 121 of two adjacent support tubes 12 are fitted together and fixed by bolts, and the first flange plate 121 and the second flange plate 112 are fitted together and fixed by bolts. Such a connection form can improve the axial pressure resistance of the support tube 12.

[0064] like Figure 3As shown, two adjacent groups of frame columns 11 are detachably connected through a connecting beam 13. Specifically, a vertically arranged sleeve 111 is fixed to the surface of the channel steel, that is, one frame column 11 has two sleeves 111, and vertically downward pins 131 are fixed at both ends of the connecting beam 13. The two pins 131 are respectively plugged into the adjacent sleeves 111 of the two adjacent groups of frame columns 11, thereby connecting the two adjacent groups of frame columns 11.

[0065] The longitudinal support beam 14 can be a square wooden beam, and the end of the longitudinal support beam 14 abuts against the lower ends of two frame columns 11 in the same group. The longitudinal support beam 14 is used to be buried in the concrete cushion layer 10.

[0066] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the composite plate structure 2 is located between two adjacent groups of frame columns 11. The composite plate structure 2 includes an outer template 21, a destructible buffer plate 22 and a base plate 23 from the outside to the inside. The three are fitted or extruded together, wherein the outer template 21 can be a steel plate, and the destructible buffer plate 22 is a material that is elastic and can be destructed, specifically, the destructible buffer plate 22 is an extruded board, and the base plate 23 is preferably a cement fiber board, which is mainly used as a protective carrier for the waterproof membrane 3.

[0067] Both sides of the outer formwork 21 are respectively connected to two adjacent groups of frame columns 11 in a vertical sliding manner, that is, both side edges of the outer formwork 21 can be vertically inserted into the notches of the channel steel and slidably matched.

[0068] The connecting beam 13 is fixed with a gusset plate 132 by bolts, and the lower side of the gusset plate 132 presses the destructible buffer plate 22 and / or the substrate 23 against the outer template 21. In this embodiment, the lower side of the gusset plate 132 presses the destructible buffer plate 22 and the substrate 23 together on the outer template 21 to fix the substrate 23 and the destructible buffer plate 22; in other embodiments, the gusset plate 132 can only press the destructible buffer plate 22, and the substrate 23 is fixed to the destructible buffer plate 22 by bonding.

[0069] At the same time, in order to make each substrate 23 in the same plane to improve the casting effect, as Figure 4 As shown, an angle steel 24 may be further provided. The angle steel 24 is parallel to the connecting beam 13. The angle steel 24 includes a first vertical portion 241 and a second vertical portion 242. The first vertical portion 241 is fixedly connected to the bottom of each substrate 23. The fixing form may be screw fixing. The second vertical portion 242 is attached to the bottom of the groove and is subsequently buried in the concrete cushion layer 10 to fix the substrate 23 to the concrete cushion layer 10.

[0070] The waterproof roll 3 covers the inner side of each substrate 23 at the same time, and the waterproof roll 3 is preferably an SBS waterproof roll 3.

[0071] This embodiment also discloses a construction method for the above-mentioned external formwork wall protection structure, which is preferably suitable for trenches with a depth of 3-5m and a width of 3m, and the soil conditions are silty clay, clayey silt, and silty sand formations.

[0072] The construction method of the outer formwork wall protection structure includes the following steps:

[0073] S1. Trench excavation with slight slope. The width of the trench is within 3 meters and the depth of the trench is 3-5 meters.

[0074] S2. Construction of the supporting frame structure 1: hoist the pre-assembled supporting frame structure 1 into the trench, insert the lower end of the frame column 11 into the soil to preliminarily fix the supporting frame structure 1, then dig a groove at the bottom of the trench, and then place the longitudinal support beam 14 into the groove, and ensure that both ends of the longitudinal support beam 14 are in contact with the lower ends of the two frame columns 11 of the same group to form a relatively stable supporting frame structure 1.

[0075] S3, assembling the outer formwork 21: placing the outer formwork 21 into the groove, inserting the two sides of the outer formwork 21 into the notches of the channel steel, and then vertically sliding the outer formwork 21 so that the outer formwork 21 matches with the two adjacent groups of frame columns 11.

[0076] S4. Initial backfilling: backfilling the gap between the outer formwork 21 and the trench sidewall to stabilize the soil structure around the trench, thereby reducing the collapse of the trench mouth and facilitating the subsequent construction of temporary traffic structures such as steel bridges on the top of the trench.

[0077] S5. Assembling the composite plate structure 2: sequentially install the destructible buffer plate 22 and the base plate 23 into one side of the outer template 21, lock the buckle plate 132 to fix the destructible buffer plate 22 and the base plate 23, and then fix the angle steel 24 to each base plate 23 at the same time to ensure that each base plate 23 is flush, so as to further strengthen the base plate 23.

[0078] S6. Construction of concrete cushion layer 10: pouring concrete cushion layer 10 , which covers angle steel 24 and longitudinal support beam 14 .

[0079] S7, construction of waterproof layer and reinforced concrete structure 20: firstly, the waterproof membrane 3 is attached to the inner side surface of each substrate 23, and then an inner formwork is set up. The inner formwork is combined with the outer formwork 21 to form a casting mold cavity to cast and form the reinforced concrete structure 20. The reinforced concrete structure 20 can be a trough body to facilitate the subsequent accommodation and layout of pipelines and cables.

[0080] S8. Dismantling of the supporting frame structure 1: dismantle the connecting beam 13, the supporting tube 12, the frame column 11 and the outer formwork 21 in sequence. During the pulling and dismantling of the outer formwork 21, the friction between the outer formwork 21 and the destructible buffer plate 22 will not directly take away the base plate 23, that is, it will not affect the stability of the base plate 23. Instead, the friction is used to pull and destroy the destructible buffer plate 22, while the destructible buffer plate 22, the base plate 23 and the waterproof membrane 3 remain in the groove. The waterproof membrane 3 is used to ensure the waterproofness of the reinforced concrete structure 20, and the base plate 23 is used to protect the waterproof membrane 3 and reduce the structural damage of the waterproof membrane 3.

[0081] S9. Secondary backfilling: backfill the entire trench and cover the reinforced concrete structure 20.

[0082] The implementation principle of Example 1 is: by setting up a preassembled support frame structure 1, the hoisting and installation time of the outer formwork 21 is short, which can effectively resist the falling soil on the side wall of the trench, and combined with the longitudinal support beams 14 and the support pipes 12, the stability of the support frame structure 1 can be improved to cope with the backfill soil pressure.

[0083] Furthermore, the outer formwork 21 can resist soil pressure and the pouring pressure of the reinforced concrete structure 20, i.e., one plate can serve two purposes, and the base plate 23 serves as a protective layer for the waterproof membrane 3, which can reduce damage to the waterproof membrane 3, and is buried in the groove, which can continuously protect the waterproof membrane 3, thereby improving the waterproof effect of the reinforced concrete.

[0084] Secondly, the destructible buffer plate 22 is used to buffer the vibration of the outer template 21 to reduce the misalignment of the substrate 23. At the same time, since the destructible buffer plate 22 is destructible, during the pulling and disassembly process of the outer template 21, the friction between the outer template 21 and the destructible buffer plate 22 will pull and destroy the destructible buffer plate 22, and will not affect the stability of the substrate 23, thereby taking into account the convenient disassembly of the outer template 21 and the position stability of the substrate 23, and then having the advantages of rapid assembly and improved construction convenience.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that Figure 5 As shown, there is a gap between the first flange plate 121 and the second flange plate 112, and a plurality of vertically spaced rolling bodies 30 are arranged in the gap. The rolling axis direction of the rolling body 30 is the horizontal radial direction of the support tube 12. The rolling body 30 can be a steel rod, a steel pipe or a bearing. The first flange plate 121 and the second flange plate 112 are fixed by bolts, so that the first flange plate 121 and the second flange plate 112 jointly clamp the rolling body 30, and the bolts can also limit the up and down movement of the rolling body 30.

[0087] When disassembly is required, the bolts are released, and then the support tube 12 is lifted up. At this time, the sliding friction is changed to rolling friction to reduce the lifting resistance of the support tube 12, thereby improving the convenience of disassembly.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, two support tubes 12 are provided and are symmetrically arranged. A first flange 122 is coaxially fixed to both ends of the support tube 12 , and a second flange 113 is fixed to the upper end of the frame column 11 .

[0090] like Figure 8 As shown, an intermediate disk 5 is provided between two adjacent first flanges 122. The intermediate disk 5 is coaxially arranged with the support tube 12. The intermediate disk 5 includes two sub-disks 51 that are coaxially rotatably arranged. A rotating shaft (not shown in the figure) is fixed to the axis center of one of the sub-disks 51, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the axis center of the other sub-disk 51.

[0091] The two sub-disks 51 are provided with a common slot 52, and the length direction of the slot 52 is arranged radially along the sub-disks 51. An insertion rod 53 is slidably provided in the slot 52, and the insertion rod 53 is used to limit the relative rotation of the two sub-disks 51. The upper end of the insertion rod 53 is provided with a lifting ear 54 for subsequent removal to restore the relative rotation state of the two sub-disks 51.

[0092] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the disk surface of the first flange 122 is provided with three rolling bodies 30 evenly arranged circumferentially. The rolling body 30 is configured as a bearing, and the bearing is connected to the first flange 122 through a bracket 123 . The rotation axis direction of the rolling body 30 is the radial direction of the first flange 122 .

[0093] The disk surfaces of the two sub-disks 51 and the two second flanges 113 are fixed with three wedge blocks 50 evenly arranged around the circumference. The wedge blocks 50 have inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks 50 on the opposite sub-disks 51 and the second flanges 113 are in opposite directions (relative means that the disk surface with the wedge blocks 50 on one of the sub-disks 51 is directly opposite to the disk surface with the wedge blocks 50 on one of the second flanges 113). The inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks 50 on the two sub-disks 51 are in opposite directions, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the rolling bodies 30 abut against the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks 50.

[0094] In order to ensure that the first flange 122 and the sub-disk 51, the second flange 113 and the first flange 122 are in a stable axial clearance state, such as Figure 6As shown, a first limiting sleeve 61 and two second limiting sleeves 63 are provided on the support tube 12 along its own axial sliding, wherein the inner circumference of the first limiting sleeve 61 is simultaneously fitted with the outer circumferences of the two sub-disks 51 and the two adjacent first flanges 122, and a vertically arranged first bolt 62 is provided on the first limiting sleeve 61, and the first bolt 62 abuts against the disk surface of one of the first flanges 122 to limit the first flange 122 from detaching from the first limiting sleeve 61.

[0095] The inner circumference of the second limiting sleeve 63 is simultaneously fitted with the outer circumferences of the adjacent first flange 122 and the second flange 113. The second limiting sleeve 63 is provided with a vertically arranged second bolt 64, which abuts against the disk surface of the second flange 113 to limit the second flange 113 from detaching from the second limiting sleeve 63.

[0096] After assembly, the rod 53 is located in the slot 52 to limit the relative rotation of the two sub-disks 51, so that the middle disk 5 becomes a whole. At this time, the horizontal side pressure of the trench backfill soil will be applied to the frame column 11 through the outer template 21. Through the contact between the inclined surface of the wedge block 50 of the second flange 113 and the rolling body 30, the horizontal side pressure of the backfill soil will be converted into an axial component force on the support pipe 12 and a torque component force forcing the support pipe 12 (the direction of the torque component force is shown in FIG. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the arrow direction, since the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks 50 of the two frame columns 11 are in opposite directions, the torque components of the two support tubes 12 are in opposite directions, and the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks 50 of the two sub-disks 51 are in opposite directions, the torque components applied by the support tube 12 to the corresponding sub-disks 51 are in opposite directions, that is, the middle disk 5 is subjected to two torques in opposite directions, and the two torques cancel each other out, thereby improving the ability of the support tube 12 to resist lateral pressure in disguised form.

[0097] Furthermore, under the action of torque, the support tube 12 makes the rolling body 30 and the wedge block 50 more tightly abutted, and the three rolling bodies 30 are tightly abutted against the three wedge blocks 50 at the same time to form a self-locking, thereby improving the connection stability between the support tube 12 and the frame column 11.

[0098] Furthermore, under the action of high torque, the coaxiality between the two support tubes 12 will be higher, that is, the two support tubes 12 are not easily misaligned, thereby greatly reducing the occurrence of bending and deformation of the support tubes 12 due to high side pressure.

[0099] During disassembly, the insertion rod 53 is first pulled out so that the two sub-disks 51 can rotate freely. At this time, the original torque will force the support tube 12 to continue to rotate (previously, because the sub-disk 51 could not rotate, the torque component force was limited to drive the support tube 12 to rotate further), so that the support tube 12 rotates until the rolling body 30 is separated from the inclined surface of the wedge block 50. At this time, the support tube 12 is in a relaxed state (after the rolling body 30 is separated from the inclined surface of the wedge block 50, the axial gap between the support tube 12 and the sub-disk 51 increases, and the pressure at both ends of the support tube 12 is reduced). Then the support tube 12 is rotated again to make the rolling body 30 further away from the wedge block 50 in the circumferential direction to leave an escape space for the rolling body 30 to separate from the wedge block 50. Since the support tube 12 is relaxed and the rolling body 30 is away from the wedge block 50, the support tube 12 can be easily removed from the frame column 11, that is, disassembly is more labor-saving and convenient.

[0100] Secondly, the first limiting sleeve 61 and the second limiting sleeve 63 are rotatably matched with the first flange 122 and the second flange 113 to allow rotation between the two support tubes 12 and between the support tube 12 and the frame column 11 to facilitate the transmission and offset of torque.

[0101] Example 4

[0102] The difference between Example 4 and Example 3 is that Fig.10 As shown, the support tube 12 includes a main tube 124 and two auxiliary tubes 125, that is, the support tube 12 becomes three tube bodies, and the auxiliary tubes 125 are respectively located at both ends of the main tube 124, the two first flanges 122 are respectively fixed on the two auxiliary tubes 125, the first limiting sleeve 61 and the second limiting sleeve 63 are respectively sleeved on the two auxiliary tubes 125, and the main tube 124 and the auxiliary tube 125 are fixedly connected by the third flange 126.

[0103] In this way, the first flange 122, the second flange 113, the rolling element 30 and the wedge block 50 are all located on the auxiliary pipe 125 and the frame column 11, and can be assembled in advance, so that the first flange 122 and the second flange 113 form a separate component with one of the auxiliary pipes 125 as a carrier, and the two first flanges 122 and the intermediate plate 5 form a separate part with another auxiliary pipe 125 as a carrier, and the separate component can be pre-assembled in the factory. Then, the auxiliary pipe 125 and the main pipe 124 are assembled on site (only the assembly of the third flange 126 is required) to reduce the assembly difficulty of the on-site workers.

[0104] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An outer mold wall protection structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a supporting frame structure (1), a composite plate structure (2) and a waterproof membrane (3), wherein the supporting frame structure (1) comprises a supporting tube (12), a longitudinal supporting beam (14), a connecting beam (13) and a plurality of groups of frame columns (11), each group of frame columns (11) being arranged at intervals along the length direction of the groove, a group of frame columns (11) comprising two frame columns (11), two adjacent groups of frame columns (11) being detachably connected via the connecting beam (13), an end of the supporting tube (12) being detachably connected to the upper ends of the two frame columns (11) in the same group, and the longitudinal supporting beam (14) The ends of the composite panel (2) abut against the lower ends of two frame columns (11) of the same group, and the longitudinal support beam (14) is used to be buried in the concrete cushion layer (10); the composite panel structure (2) is located between two adjacent groups of frame columns (11), and the composite panel structure (2) comprises, from the outside to the inside, an outer template (21), a destructible buffer plate (22) and a base plate (23); both sides of the outer template (21) are respectively vertically slidably connected to the two adjacent groups of frame columns (11), the base plate (23) is detachably connected to the connecting beam (13), and the waterproof membrane (3) covers the inner side of each base plate (23) at the same time.

2. The outer mold wall protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an angle steel (24), the angle steel (24) being parallel to the connection beam (13), the angle steel (24) comprising a first vertical portion (241) and a second vertical portion (242), wherein the first vertical portion (241) is fixedly connected to the bottom of each base plate (23), and the second vertical portion (242) is used to be buried in the concrete cushion layer (10).

3. The outer mold wall protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The frame column (11) is fixed with two sleeves (111), and both ends of the connection beam (13) are fixed with vertically downward latches (131), and the latches (131) are inserted and matched with the sleeves (111); the connection beam (13) is detachably fixed with a buckle plate (132), and the buckle plate (132) presses the destructible buffer plate (22) and / or the base plate (23) against the outer template (21).

4. The outer mold wall protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support tubes (12) are provided in plurality, a first flange plate (121) is fixed at the end of the support tube (12), a second flange plate (112) is fixed at the upper end of the frame column (11), the first flange plates (121) of two adjacent support tubes (12) are attached to each other and fixed by bolts; the first flange plate (121) and the second flange plate (112) are attached to each other and fixed by bolts.

5. The outer mold wall protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame column (11) comprises two channel steels, which are fixed back to back, and the notches of the channel steels are used for the side edges of the outer template (21) to be inserted and slidably fitted.

6. The outer mold wall protection structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The support tubes (12) are provided in plurality, a first flange plate (121) is fixed at the end of the support tube (12), a second flange plate (112) is fixed at the upper end of the frame column (11), the first flange plates (121) of two adjacent support tubes (12) are attached to each other and fixed by bolts; a plurality of rolling bodies (30) arranged vertically at intervals are provided on the second flange plate (112), the first flange plate (121) abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the rolling body (30), and the first flange plate (121) and the second flange plate (112) are fixed by bolts.

7. The outer mold wall protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support tubes (12) are provided in pairs, and first flanges (122) are coaxially fixed to both ends of the support tubes (12). A second flange (113) is fixed to the upper end of the frame column (11). The disk surface of the first flange (122) is provided with three rolling bodies (30) evenly arranged in a circumference, and the rotation axis direction of the rolling bodies (30) is the radial direction of the first flange (122). An intermediate disk (5) is provided between two adjacent first flanges (122), and the intermediate disk (5) and the support tube are connected to each other. (12) coaxially arranged, the middle plate (5) comprises two sub-plates (51) coaxially arranged for rotation, an insertion rod (53) is slidably arranged between the sub-plates (51), an upper end of the insertion rod (53) is provided with a lifting ear (54), and the insertion rod (53) is used to limit the relative rotation of the two sub-plates (51); the disk surfaces of the sub-plates (51) and the second flange plate (113) are each provided with three wedge-shaped blocks (50) evenly arranged around the circumference, the wedge-shaped blocks (50) having an inclined surface, and the sub-plates (51) and the second flange plate (113) facing each other are arranged on the disk surfaces of the second flange plate (113) and the second flange plate (113) are provided with an inclined surface. ) have inclined surfaces of wedge blocks (50) on the two sub-disks (51) in opposite directions, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the rolling elements (30) abut against the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks (50); a first limiting sleeve (61) and two second limiting sleeves (63) are provided on the support tube (12) along its own axial sliding direction, and the inner peripheral surface of the first limiting sleeve (61) is simultaneously in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the two sub-disks (51) and the two adjacent first flanges (122), and the first limiting sleeve (61) is in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the two sub-disks (51) and the two adjacent first flanges (122). A first bolt (62) is vertically arranged on the cylinder (61), and the first bolt (62) is used to limit the first flange (122) from being separated from the first limiting sleeve (61); the inner circumference of the second limiting sleeve (63) is simultaneously in contact with the outer circumferences of the first flange (122) and the second flange (113), and the second limiting sleeve (63) is vertically arranged with a second bolt (64), and the second bolt (64) is used to limit the second flange (113) from being separated from the second limiting sleeve (63).

8. The outer mold wall protection structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support pipe (12) comprises a main pipe (124) and two auxiliary pipes (125); the two first flanges (122) are respectively fixed on the two auxiliary pipes (125); the first limiting sleeve (61) and the second limiting sleeve (63) are respectively sleeved on the two auxiliary pipes (125); and the main pipe (124) and the auxiliary pipes (125) are fixedly connected via a third flange (126).

9. A construction method of the outer formwork wall protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Trench excavation; S2. Construction of the support frame structure (1): hoist the pre-assembled support frame structure (1) into the trench, insert the lower end of the frame column (11) into the soil, place the longitudinal support beam (14) into the bottom of the trench, and abut the two ends of the longitudinal support beam (14) against the lower ends of the two frame columns (11) of the same group; S3, assembling the outer formwork (21): placing the outer formwork (21) into the groove, with both sides of the outer formwork (21) matching with two adjacent sets of frame columns (11); S4, initial backfilling: backfilling the gap between the outer template (21) and the side wall of the groove; S5, assembling the composite plate structure (2): sequentially installing the destructible buffer plate (22) and the base plate (23) into one side of the outer template (21), and fixing the angle steel (24) to each base plate (23) at the same time; S6, construction of concrete cushion layer (10): pouring the concrete cushion layer (10), wherein the concrete cushion layer (10) covers the angle steel (24) and the longitudinal support beam (14); S7, attaching the waterproofing membrane (3) to the inner side of each substrate (23), and then constructing the reinforced concrete structure (20); S8, the supporting frame structure (1) is removed, and the buffer plate (22), the base plate (23) and the waterproof membrane (3) are destroyed and remain in the groove; S9, Secondary backfill: backfill the entire trench and cover the reinforced concrete structure (20).

10. The construction method of the outer formwork wall protection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S8, the order of disassembly of the supporting frame structure (1) is: connecting beam (13), supporting tube (12), frame column (11) and outer formwork (21).

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