Coal-fired boiler flue gas carbon dioxide adsorption tower

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of coal-fired boiler flue gas carbon dioxide adsorption tower, including adsorption tower body, flue gas inlet pipeline and outlet pipeline, adsorbent inlet pipeline and outlet pipeline, rotating disc and motor, adsorbent enters adsorbent inlet pipeline when adsorption tower works, and is sprayed from its equipped spray device, then converge in adsorption tower bottom, finally flow out through the adsorbent outlet pipeline of concentration analysis device and valve;Motor drives rotating disc to rotate, and the liquid accumulator on rotating disc will store adsorbent in adsorption tower bottom and spray again;Flue gas enters adsorber tower body by the flue gas inlet pipeline of fan, and contact with the adsorbent converged and sprayed by spray device and liquid accumulator in tower body bottom after completing adsorption to flow out from flue gas outlet pipeline.The application can realize efficient carbon dioxide adsorption at lower energy consumption level, significantly increase the adsorption efficiency of carbon capture adsorption process, and have broad application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flue gas purification technology, specifically to a carbon dioxide adsorption tower for flue gas from a coal-fired boiler, which can promote the contact between flue gas and adsorbent and improve adsorption efficiency. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy, the massive consumption of resources has led to serious environmental problems, prompting my country to propose a "dual-carbon" strategy. However, due to resource constraints, coal-fired power will remain the primary power generation method in my country's current power generation industry. In achieving the national "dual-carbon" goals in the coal-fired power sector, carbon capture technology, especially chemical adsorption-based carbon capture technology, has become one of the main choices for energy-saving and carbon-reducing retrofits of coal-fired power plants due to its relatively mature technology and high capture efficiency. However, conventional adsorption towers used in the process of adsorbing carbon dioxide from flue gas currently suffer from problems such as large footprint, limited adsorption efficiency, and high operating energy consumption, which urgently need to be addressed. Therefore, a carbon dioxide adsorption tower for coal-fired boiler flue gas is needed to achieve efficient carbon dioxide adsorption. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main technical problem solved by this invention is to propose a carbon dioxide adsorption tower for flue gas from coal-fired boilers, which can solve the problems of poor adsorption effect and high energy consumption in the existing carbon capture system for flue gas carbon dioxide adsorption.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes the following technical solution:

[0005] A carbon dioxide adsorption tower for flue gas from a coal-fired boiler includes a fan 3, a pressure sensor 16, a flue gas inlet pipe 2, an adsorption tower body 1, a flue gas outlet pipe 4, an adsorbent inlet pipe 5, an adsorbent outlet pipe 6, a spray device 7, a rotating disc 8, a motor 9, a liquid storage tank 10, a movable baffle 11, a counterweight 12, a control mechanism 13, a valve 14, and a concentration analysis device 15. The rotating disc 8 is horizontally and centrally arranged inside the adsorption tower body 1. The flue gas outlet pipe 4 is provided at the top of the adsorption tower body 1, the adsorbent inlet pipe 5 is provided at the upper part, the adsorbent outlet pipe 6 is provided at the lower part, and the flue gas inlet pipe 2 is provided at the bottom.

[0006] In the aforementioned carbon dioxide adsorption tower, a fan 3 and a pressure sensor 16 are installed on the flue gas inlet pipe 2. The output of the fan 3 is adjusted according to the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 16 to ensure that the flue gas can smoothly enter the adsorption tower body 1 without backflow. The flue gas to be adsorbed is introduced into the adsorption tower body 1 by the fan 3 and then enters the adsorption tower body 1. After being adsorbed by the adsorbent, it is discharged from the flue gas outlet pipe 4.

[0007] In the aforementioned carbon dioxide adsorption tower, a spray device 7 is installed below the adsorbent inlet pipe 5, and a valve 14 is installed in the adsorbent outlet pipe 6. A concentration analysis device 15 is installed before the valve 14, and the valve 14 is controlled by the concentration analysis device 15. The adsorbent enters the adsorption tower body 1 through the adsorbent inlet pipe 5, passes through the spray device 7 to form small droplets, and fills the internal space of the adsorption tower, contacting the flue gas for adsorption. The adsorbent that has been adsorbed collects at the bottom of the adsorption tower body 1 and finally enters the adsorbent outlet pipe 6 at the bottom of the adsorption tower. When the concentration analysis device 15 measures that the adsorbed carbon dioxide in the adsorbent meets the requirements, the valve 14 is opened to discharge the adsorbent.

[0008] The rotating disk 8 is located inside the adsorption tower body 1 and is centrally arranged. The radius of the rotating disk 8 is approximately 3 / 7 of the width of the adsorption tower body 1. The center of the disk is connected to the motor 9 via a drive shaft. The motor 9 drives the rotating disk 8 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating disk 8 can promote the contact between the flue gas and the adsorption liquid sprayed by the spray device 7. At the same time, the rotation of the rotating disk 8 will agitate the adsorption liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower, promote the contact between the bottom adsorption liquid and the flue gas entering the absorption tower body 1 from the flue gas inlet pipe 2, thereby enhancing the adsorption effect.

[0009] The rotating disk 8 has eight liquid reservoirs 10 evenly arranged on its circumference at intervals of 1 / 8 of the circumference. Each liquid reservoir 10 has an open top and is hinged to the rotating disk 8, allowing it to rotate freely around a fixed point. A movable baffle 11 and a control mechanism 13 for controlling the movable baffle 11 are installed inside each liquid reservoir 10. A counterweight 12 is installed at the bottom of each liquid reservoir 10 to ensure it remains vertically downward under gravity. Small holes with a diameter of 0.5 mm are evenly arranged in an array at 1 mm intervals on the part of the bottom of each liquid reservoir 10 that is blocked by the movable baffle 11 in its vertical position. These holes are used for spraying the adsorbent.

[0010] The reservoir 10 and the movable baffle 11 have three optional combination structures. Structure one includes a connecting frame and a column with a curved trapezoidal cross-section; the movable baffle 11 is located within the reservoir 10 and has an isosceles triangular cross-section. Structure two includes a connecting frame and a column with an arc-shaped cross-section; the movable baffle 11 is located within the reservoir 10 and has a semi-circular cross-section. Structure three includes a connecting frame and a column with a curved trapezoidal cross-section; the movable baffle 11 is located below the reservoir 10 and has a horizontal rectangular cross-section. The liquid storage capacity of the reservoir 10 is the calculated adsorption dose sprayed from the small hole at the bottom of the reservoir 10 while moving above the center height of the rotating disk 8. During the rotation of the rotating disk 8, when the liquid reservoir 10 is below the center height of the rotating disk 8, the control mechanism 13 moves the movable baffle 11 to block the small hole at the bottom of the liquid reservoir 10. The liquid reservoir 10 rotates with the rotating disk 8 and enters below the surface of the adsorbent liquid for storage. At this time, the liquid reservoir 10 does not spray adsorbent. When the liquid reservoir 10 is above the center height of the rotating disk 8, the control mechanism 13 moves the movable baffle 11 to expose the small hole at the bottom of the liquid reservoir 10. At this time, the liquid reservoir 10 sprays adsorbent. The liquid storage capacity of the liquid reservoir 10 is the calculated adsorbent dosage sprayed from the small hole at the bottom of the liquid reservoir 10 when it moves above the center height of the rotating disk 8. This ensures that all the adsorbent in the liquid reservoir 10 is sprayed above the center height of the rotating disk 8, comes into contact with the flue gas, and undergoes re-adsorption. At this time, the adsorbent travels a longer distance, resulting in a better adsorption effect. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure 1 for a carbon dioxide adsorption tower for flue gas from a coal-fired boiler, combined with a liquid storage tank, as described in this invention.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating disk described in this invention.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the liquid reservoir and the rotating disk described in this invention.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working operation of the liquid storage device structure 1 described in this invention.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working operation of the liquid storage device structure 2 described in this invention.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working operation of the liquid storage device structure 3 described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 3 Appendix Figure 4 Appendix Figure 5 Appendix Figure 6 The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, so that the purpose, advantages and technical solutions of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more explicit definition of the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a carbon dioxide adsorption tower for flue gas from a coal-fired boiler includes a fan 3, a pressure sensor 16, a flue gas inlet pipe 2, an adsorption tower body 1, a flue gas outlet pipe 4, an adsorbent inlet pipe 5, an adsorbent outlet pipe 6, a spray device 7, a rotating disc 8, a motor 9, a liquid storage tank 10, a movable baffle 11, a counterweight 12, a control mechanism 13, a valve 14, and a concentration analysis device 15. The rotating disc 8 is horizontally and centrally arranged inside the adsorption tower body 1. The flue gas outlet pipe 4 is provided at the top of the adsorption tower body 1, the adsorbent inlet pipe 5 is provided at the upper part, the adsorbent outlet pipe 6 is provided at the lower part, and the flue gas inlet pipe 2 is provided at the bottom.

[0019] In the aforementioned carbon dioxide adsorption tower, a fan 3 and a pressure sensor 16 are installed on the flue gas inlet pipe 2. The output of the fan 3 is adjusted according to the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 16 to ensure that the flue gas can smoothly enter the adsorption tower body 1 without backflow. The flue gas to be adsorbed is introduced into the adsorption tower body 1 by the fan 3 and then enters the adsorption tower body 1. After being adsorbed by the adsorbent, it is discharged from the flue gas outlet pipe 4.

[0020] In the aforementioned carbon dioxide adsorption tower, a spray device 7 is installed below the adsorbent inlet pipe 5, and a valve 14 is installed in the adsorbent outlet pipe 6. A concentration analysis device 15 is installed before the valve 14, and the valve 14 is controlled by the concentration analysis device 15. The adsorbent enters the adsorption tower body 1 through the adsorbent inlet pipe 5, passes through the spray device 7 to form small droplets, and fills the internal space of the adsorption tower, contacting the flue gas for adsorption. The adsorbent that has been adsorbed collects at the bottom of the adsorption tower body 1 and finally enters the adsorbent outlet pipe 6 at the bottom of the adsorption tower. When the concentration analysis device 15 measures that the adsorbed carbon dioxide in the adsorbent meets the requirements, the valve 14 is opened to discharge the adsorbent.

[0021] As attached Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 As shown, the rotating disk 8 is located inside the adsorption tower body 1 and is centrally arranged. The radius of the rotating disk 8 is approximately 3 / 7 of the width of the adsorption tower body 1. The center of the disk is connected to the motor 9 via a drive shaft. The motor 9 drives the rotating disk 8 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating disk 8 can promote the contact between the flue gas and the adsorption liquid sprayed by the spray device 7. At the same time, the rotation of the rotating disk 8 will agitate the adsorption liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower, promoting the contact between the bottom adsorption liquid and the flue gas entering the absorption tower body 1 from the flue gas inlet pipe 2, thereby enhancing the adsorption effect.

[0022] The rotating disk 8 has eight liquid reservoirs 10 evenly arranged on its circumference at intervals of 1 / 8 of the circumference. Each liquid reservoir 10 has an open top and is hinged to the rotating disk 8, allowing it to rotate freely around a fixed point. A movable baffle 11 and a control mechanism 13 for controlling the movable baffle 11 are installed inside each liquid reservoir 10. A counterweight 12 is installed at the bottom of each liquid reservoir 10 to ensure it remains vertically downward under gravity. Small holes with a diameter of 0.5 mm are evenly arranged in an array at 1 mm intervals on the part of the bottom of each liquid reservoir 10 that is blocked by the movable baffle 11 in its vertical position. These holes are used for spraying the adsorbent.

[0023] As attached Figure 4 Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 As shown, the liquid reservoir 10 and the movable baffle 11 have three optional combination structures. In structure one, the liquid reservoir 10 includes a connecting frame and a column with a cross-section resembling a curved trapezoid, and the movable baffle 11 is located inside the liquid reservoir 10, with a cross-section of an isosceles triangle. In structure two, the liquid reservoir 10 includes a connecting frame and a column with a cross-section resembling an arc, and the movable baffle 11 is located inside the liquid reservoir 10, with a cross-section of a semi-circular ring. In structure three, the liquid reservoir 10 includes a connecting frame and a column with a cross-section resembling a curved trapezoid, and the movable baffle 11 is located below the liquid reservoir 10, with a cross-section of a horizontal rectangle. During the rotation of the rotating disk 8, when the liquid reservoir 10 is below the center height of the rotating disk 8, the control mechanism 13 moves the movable baffle 11 to block the small hole at the bottom of the liquid reservoir 10. The liquid reservoir 10 rotates with the rotating disk 8 and enters below the surface of the adsorbent liquid for storage. At this time, the liquid reservoir 10 will not spray adsorbent. The liquid storage capacity of the liquid reservoir 10 is the calculated amount of adsorbent sprayed from the small hole at the bottom of the liquid reservoir 10 during the movement above the center height of the rotating disk 8. This ensures that all the adsorbent in the liquid reservoir 10 is sprayed above the center height of the rotating disk 8, and comes into contact with the flue gas for re-adsorption. At this time, the travel distance of the adsorbent is longer, resulting in a better adsorption effect.

[0024] The working process of a carbon dioxide adsorption tower for flue gas from a coal-fired boiler is briefly described below:

[0025] The adsorbent enters the spray device 7 through the adsorbent inlet pipe 5 and is sprayed out as small droplets. After contacting and adsorbing the flue gas, the droplets collect at the bottom of the adsorption tower and enter the adsorbent outlet pipe 6, then flow out through the concentration analyzer 15 and valve 14. The motor 9 drives the rotating disk 8 to rotate, and the liquid storage tank 10 on the rotating disk 8 stores the adsorbent at the bottom of the adsorption tower and sprays it again. The fan 9, equipped with a pressure sensor 16, sends the flue gas into the flue gas inlet pipe 2. After the flue gas comes into contact with the adsorbent collected at the bottom of the tower and sprayed by the spray device and liquid storage tank, it completes the adsorption and flows out from the flue gas outlet pipe 4. The fan 9 controlled by the pressure sensor 16 and the valve 14 controlled by the concentration analyzer 15 can achieve precise control, reduce the energy consumption of the adsorption process, and ensure that the device is always in the most efficient working state.

[0026] Beneficial effects

[0027] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adsorption tower with a small footprint, low operating cost, and good carbon dioxide adsorption effect, which can be applied to the adsorption process of carbon dioxide in flue gas in the carbon capture system of coal-fired power plants. The carbon dioxide adsorption tower for flue gas from a coal-fired boiler proposed in this invention significantly improves adsorption efficiency by setting up a rotating disk and a liquid storage tank for secondary adsorption of the adsorbent. Simultaneously, the fan output is adjusted by a pressure sensor, and the valves are controlled by a concentration analysis device to ensure that the adsorption tower always maintains the highest adsorption efficiency. Compared with existing carbon dioxide adsorption towers, this invention can significantly improve the adsorption effect of carbon dioxide, reduce the energy consumption of the adsorption process, and has significant economic and social benefits.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide adsorption tower for flue gas from a coal-fired boiler, characterized in that: The system includes a fan (3), a pressure sensor (16), a flue gas inlet pipe (2), an adsorption tower body (1), a flue gas outlet pipe (4), an adsorbent inlet pipe (5), an adsorbent outlet pipe (6), a spray device (7), a rotating disk (8), a motor (9), a liquid storage tank (10), a movable baffle (11), a counterweight (12), a control mechanism (13), valves (14), and a concentration analysis device (15). The rotating disk (8) is horizontally and centrally located in the adsorption tower body (1), and the top of the adsorption tower body (1) is... A flue gas outlet pipe (4) is provided at the top of the adsorption tower body (1), an adsorbent inlet pipe (5) is provided at the top of the adsorption tower body (1), an adsorbent outlet pipe (6) is provided at the bottom of the adsorption tower body (1), and a flue gas inlet pipe (2) is provided at the bottom of the adsorption tower body (1); a fan (3) is installed on the flue gas inlet pipe (2) and a pressure sensor (16) is provided thereon; a spray device (7) is provided below the adsorbent inlet pipe (5); a valve (14) is provided in the adsorbent outlet pipe (6); and a concentration analysis device (15) is provided in front of the valve (14). The radius of the rotating disk (8) is about 3 / 7 of the width of the adsorption tower body (1). The center of the disk is connected to the motor (9) through a drive shaft. The rotating disk (8) has 8 liquid reservoirs (10) evenly arranged on the circumference at intervals of 1 / 8 of the circumference. The upper end of the liquid reservoir (10) is opened and hinged to the rotating disk (8). The liquid reservoir (10) is equipped with a movable baffle (11) and a control mechanism (13) for controlling the movable baffle (11). At the same time, a counterweight (12) is installed at the bottom of the liquid reservoir (10). The part of the bottom of the liquid reservoir (10) that is blocked by the movable baffle (11) in the vertical state is evenly arranged with small holes with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a spacing of 1 mm between the holes.

2. The carbon dioxide adsorption tower for flue gas from a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reservoir (10) and the movable baffle (11) have three optional combination structures. The reservoir (10) of structure one includes a connecting frame and a column with a cross-section of a curved trapezoid. The movable baffle (11) is located in the reservoir (10) and has a cross-section of an isosceles triangle. The reservoir (10) of structure two includes a connecting frame and a column with a cross-section of an arc. The movable baffle (11) is located in the reservoir (10) and has a cross-section of a semi-circular ring. The reservoir (10) of structure three includes a connecting frame and a column with a cross-section of a curved trapezoid. The movable baffle (11) is located below the reservoir (10) and has a cross-section of a horizontal rectangle.

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