Wind power single-row tapered main shaft bearing ring induction quenching limited shape and roundness tooling and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of bearing technology, and proposes a tool and method for limiting the shape and maintaining the roundness of the induction quenching of a single-row conical main shaft bearing ring of a wind power plant. The tool body of the tool body is annular; the lower end of the inner wall of the tool body has an annular step; a radial heat-absorbing support plate is also arranged in the tool body, and the radial heat-absorbing support plate is a multi-section arc plate; the arc length of each section of the radial heat-absorbing support plate is 4 to 6 times the length of the heating affected zone; the multi-section radial heat-absorbing support plate is in surface contact with the workpiece to be processed after pre-tightening; the radial heat-absorbing support plate is pressed in the tool body by a plurality of pre-tightening adjustment pins distributed along the circumference; a radial pre-tightening screw is arranged on the tool body corresponding to each pre-tightening adjustment pin; the circumference of the tool body has a plurality of cooling water holes for installing cooling water pipes. The present invention effectively solves the problems of elliptical deformation, end face warping and uneven shrinkage of a single section of the workpiece when the large-diameter thin-walled wind power main bearing ring is induction quenched without a soft belt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bearings, and provides a tool and method for induction quenching of a wind power single-row tapered main shaft bearing ring to limit the shape and keep the roundness. Background Art

[0002] The main structures of wind turbine main shaft bearings currently used are single-row tapered roller bearings, double-row tapered roller bearings, and double-row spherical roller bearings. With the large-scale development of wind turbines, the size of main bearings is getting larger and larger, and more and more large-diameter main bearings are widely used in high-power wind turbines.

[0003] Among them, the single-row tapered roller spindle bearings used in back-to-back configuration belong to the light and thin series. Its current mainstream heat treatment processes are carburizing martensitic quenching and salt bath bainitic quenching. The new technical route of soft-band induction quenching technology is being researched and developed by internationally leading companies such as SKF, FAG, and Timken. The new technical route of soft-band induction quenching is valued by major companies because it can save a lot of manufacturing costs. At the same time, it has huge processing efficiency advantages compared to carburizing quenching and bainitic quenching. Its comprehensive technical advantages determine that this heat treatment process method will have a wide range of application scenarios in the future.

[0004] However, one of the reasons that restrict the popularization and application of the current soft-band induction quenching technology is that thin-walled bearing rings often face huge quenching deformation after soft-band quenching. Since the principle of induction quenching is to use the eddy current formed by high-frequency alternating electromagnetic induction to perform continuous scanning quenching along the circumferential direction of the raceway, rather than overall heating quenching, the thermal expansion of the workpiece, the tissue transformation time, and the inconsistent distribution of tissue residual stress all cause the rings after quenching to undergo large deformation. The quenching ellipse in its free state is about twice that of the carburizing and bainite quenching ellipse, resulting in insufficient and uneven hardening layer of the processed product, resulting in the product being scrapped. At the same time, due to the non-uniform wall thickness section, the workpiece after quenching not only produces elliptical deformation, but also forms a huge change in cone angle and end face warping, which not only has a great impact on the manufacturing of subsequent processes, but also uses such finished bearing rings. It is a huge risk and test for the life of the wind power main bearing. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind power single-row tapered main shaft bearing ring induction quenching limiting roundness tooling and method, so that it can solve the deformation problem of wind power large diameter single-row tapered roller main bearing ring without soft zone quenching.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above-mentioned purpose:

[0007] A wind power single-row conical main shaft bearing ring induction quenching limiting shape and circular preservation tooling, the tooling body of the limiting shape and circular preservation tooling is annular; the lower end of the inner wall of the tooling body has an annular step for supporting the workpiece to be processed; a radial heat absorption support plate is also arranged in the tooling body, the radial heat absorption support plate is an arc plate, and the radial heat absorption support plate is a plurality of sections uniformly distributed along the circumference; the arc length of each section of the radial heat absorption support plate is 4 to 6 times the length of the heated heat affected zone, so as to increase the circumferential diffusion range and efficiency of heat, reduce the heat of the non-quenching surface of the quenching area, that is, quickly take away the invalid heat from the quenching area to the non-quenching surface through heat conduction, and reduce local expansion; multiple sections of radial heat absorption support The inner diameter of the plate after pre-tightening is consistent with the outer diameter of the workpiece to be processed, and it is in surface contact with the workpiece to be processed; the radial heat absorption support plate is pressed into the tooling body by a plurality of pre-tightening adjustment pins distributed along the circumference; a radial pre-tightening screw for radially pre-tightening the radial heat absorption support plate and locking the position during heat treatment is provided on the tooling body corresponding to each of the pre-tightening adjustment pins; the outer side surface of the pre-tightening adjustment pin is a plane for contacting the radial pre-tightening screw, and the inner side surface is a cylindrical surface in line contact with the radial heat absorption support plate, which is used to pre-tighten the radial heat absorption support plate through the radial pre-tightening screw; the circumferential radial direction of the tooling body has a plurality of evenly distributed cooling water holes for installing cooling water pipes.

[0008] The outer circumferential surface of the tooling body is provided with radial through holes for installing radial preload screws. The radial through holes are arranged in one or more rows evenly distributed along the circumference, and the plurality of radial through holes are arranged corresponding to the axial semicircular holes for placing the preload adjustment pins.

[0009] The radius of the axial semicircular hole is 2 mm larger than the radius of the preload adjustment pin, which serves as a radial adjustment margin for the preload amount.

[0010] The forgings of the tooling body must be subjected to a modulated heat treatment and a tempering treatment at 250°C to maintain the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the material.

[0011] The outer diameter surface of the radial heat absorption support plate is provided with two arc-shaped grooves for cooling water to flow.

[0012] The shape limiting method for induction quenching of a single-row tapered main shaft bearing ring of a wind power plant is performed by using the shape limiting and circular preserving tooling. The method processes the excess heat caused by heat conduction when the workpiece to be processed is heated during the non-soft belt scanning induction quenching process, that is, a radial heat absorbing support plate in contact with the workpiece to be processed is used to absorb and conduct the excess heat; a full circle circumferential back cooling method is used to cool the workpiece quenching zone and take away the excess heat; radial expansion of the workpiece to be processed is limited to make the expansion and contraction uniform, so that the temperature rise of the workpiece to be processed during the quenching process does not cause large deformation; after the quenching of the workpiece to be processed is completed, the circumference is continued to spray water back cooling to make the workpiece to be processed uniformly cooled and heated, so as to achieve uniform contraction; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0013] 1) placing the radial heat absorption support plate in the tooling body;

[0014] 2) placing the preload adjustment pin in the axial semicircular hole of the tool body, with its plane facing the radial through hole of the tool body;

[0015] 3) The workpiece to be processed is placed in the inner hole formed by multiple radial heat absorbing support plates; the radial heat absorbing support plate is located between the workpiece to be processed and the preload adjustment pin, and the radial heat absorbing support plate is tightened by the radial preload screw, so that the inner diameter of the radial heat absorbing support plate contacts the outer diameter of the workpiece to be processed, and the inner diameter of the radial heat absorbing support plate and the outer diameter of the workpiece to be processed form a surface contact, which plays a role in rapid heat conduction during quenching;

[0016] 4) Install the adjusted shape-limiting and round-keeping fixture on the machine tool and lock it with a locking wheel;

[0017] 5) The quenching liquid cooling water pipe is connected to the four water holes on the circumference of the tool body, and the back cooling is turned on; during the scanning quenching process, the back cooling of the workpiece to be processed is carried out through the cooling water holes evenly distributed on the outer diameter of the tool body;

[0018] 6) The clockwise scanning sensor and the counterclockwise scanning sensor are used to scan and quench the raceway respectively; during the scanning and quenching process, the radial heat-absorbing support plate at the contact part of the shape-limiting and circular-preserving tooling absorbs the excess heat during the quenching of the workpiece to be processed, reduces thermal expansion, and transfers the excess heat to the low-temperature zone through the shape-limiting and circular-preserving tooling, so that the circumferential heat difference of the workpiece to be processed is reduced; the shape-limiting and circular-preserving tooling is used to radially pre-tighten the entire workpiece to be processed to prevent local contraction caused by local expansion; the workpiece to be processed does not warp during and after quenching; the shape-limiting and circular-preserving tooling is provided with a circulating cooling water channel to take away the ineffective excess heat conducted during the scanning and quenching process;

[0019] 7) After quenching, continue to use the quenching liquid to cool the workpiece to be processed until the workpiece temperature is uniform, loosen the radial pre-tightening screws, and remove the workpiece to be processed, and the quenching is completed.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] The invention proposes a wind turbine single-row tapered main shaft bearing ring induction quenching limiting roundness retaining tooling and method, which effectively solves the problems of elliptical deformation, end face warping and uneven single section shrinkage of the workpiece during induction quenching of large-diameter thin-walled wind turbine main bearing rings without soft belts.

[0022] The parts manufactured by this process method have controlled deformation, so the hardened layer of the processed products has good depth and uniformity, which improves the reliability of the finished products.

[0023] The parts manufactured by this process method have controlled deformation and do not need to be added to the workpiece before quenching to reduce deformation, which can save a lot of material products and manufacturing costs.

[0024] The process method and the tooling thereof can accurately position the workpiece, is conducive to the rapid clamping and positioning of batch workpieces, is suitable for batch manufacturing, and is conducive to the stability of the process and quality during batch manufacturing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is an isometric view of the device structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the device structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the tooling body of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the preload adjustment pin of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a diagram of a radial heat absorption support plate of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. tooling body, 2. radial pre-tightening screw, 3. pre-tightening adjustment pin, 4. radial heat absorption support plate, 5. workpiece to be processed, 6. cooling water hole, 7. clockwise scanning sensor, 8. counterclockwise scanning sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1 to Figure 5As shown, a wind power single-row conical main shaft bearing ring induction quenching limiting shape and circular preservation tooling, the tooling body 1 of the limiting shape and circular preservation tooling is annular; the lower end of the inner wall surface of the tooling body 1 has an annular step extending inward; the inner wall surface of the tooling body 1 has a plurality of axial semicircular holes for placing the preload adjustment pin 3; the lower end of the axial semicircular hole is closed by an annular step; the tooling body 1 is also provided with a radial heat absorption support plate 4, the radial heat absorption support plate 4 is an arc plate, and the radial heat absorption support plate 4 is a plurality of sections uniformly distributed along the circumference; the arc length of each section of the radial heat absorption support plate 4 is 4 to 6 times the length of the heating affected zone, so as to increase the circumferential diffusion range and efficiency of heat, reduce the heat of the non-quenching surface of the quenching area, that is, quickly take away the invalid heat from the quenching area to the non-quenching surface through heat conduction, and reduce local expansion; multiple sections of radial The inner diameter of the heat absorbing support plate 4 after pre-tightening is consistent with the outer diameter of the workpiece 5 to be processed, and it maintains a surface contact state with the workpiece 5 to be processed; the outer cylindrical surface of the tooling body 1 is equipped with a radial pre-tightening screw 2 for radially pre-tightening the radial heat absorbing support plate 4 and locking the position during heat treatment; the outer side surface of the pre-tightening adjustment pin 3 is a plane in contact with the radial pre-tightening screw 2, and the inner side surface is a cylindrical surface in line contact with the radial heat absorbing support plate 4, which is used to pre-tighten the radial heat absorbing support plate 4 through the radial pre-tightening screw 2; the inner diameter of the radial heat absorbing support plate 4 pre-tightened by the pre-tightening adjustment pin 3 and the radial pre-tightening screw 2 in multiple sections is consistent with the outer diameter of the workpiece 5 to be processed; the workpiece 5 to be processed maintains a surface contact state with the radial heat absorbing support plate 4; the circumferential radial direction of the tooling body 1 has a plurality of evenly distributed cooling water holes 6 for installing cooling water pipes.

[0033] The outer circumferential surface of the tooling body 1 is provided with radial through holes for installing radial preload screws 2 , and the radial through holes are arranged in one or more rows evenly distributed along the circumference, and the plurality of radial through holes are arranged corresponding to the axial semicircular holes for placing the preload adjustment pin shaft 3 .

[0034] The radius of the axial semicircular hole is 2 mm larger than the radius of the preload adjustment pin 3, which serves as a radial adjustment margin for the preload amount.

[0035] The forgings of the tool body 1 must be subjected to a modulation heat treatment and a tempering treatment at 250° C. to maintain the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the material.

[0036] The outer diameter surface of the radial heat absorption support plate 4 is provided with two arc-shaped grooves for cooling water to flow.

[0037] The shape limiting method for induction quenching of a single-row tapered main shaft bearing ring of a wind power plant is performed by using the above-mentioned shape limiting and circular preserving tooling. The method processes the excess heat caused by heat conduction when the workpiece is heated during the non-soft belt scanning induction quenching process, that is, a radial heat absorbing support plate 4 in contact with the workpiece 5 to be processed is used to absorb and conduct the excess heat; a full circle circumferential back cooling method is used to cool the workpiece quenching zone and take away the excess heat; the radial expansion of the workpiece 5 to be processed is limited to make the expansion and contraction uniform, so that the temperature rise of the workpiece 5 to be processed does not cause large deformation during the quenching process; after the quenching of the workpiece 5 to be processed is completed, the circumference is continued to be sprayed with water for back cooling to make the workpiece 5 to be processed evenly cooled and heated to achieve uniform contraction; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0038] 1) placing the radial heat absorbing support plate 4 in the tooling body 1;

[0039] 2) placing the preload adjustment pin 3 in the axial semicircular hole of the tool body 1, with its plane facing the radial through hole of the tool body 1;

[0040] 3) placing the workpiece 5 to be processed in the inner hole formed by a plurality of radial heat absorbing support plates 4; the radial heat absorbing support plate 4 is located between the workpiece 5 to be processed and the preload adjustment pin 3, and the radial heat absorbing support plate 4 is tightened by the radial preload screw 2, so that the inner diameter of the radial heat absorbing support plate 4 contacts the outer diameter of the workpiece 5 to be processed, and the inner diameter of the radial heat absorbing support plate 4 and the outer diameter of the workpiece 5 to be processed form a surface contact, which plays a role in rapid heat conduction during quenching;

[0041] 4) Install the adjusted shape-limiting and round-keeping fixture on the machine tool and lock it with a locking wheel;

[0042] 5) The quenching liquid cooling water pipe is connected to the four water holes on the circumference of the tool body 1, and the back cooling is turned on; during the scanning quenching process, the back cooling of the workpiece 5 to be processed is carried out through the cooling water holes evenly distributed on the outer diameter of the tool body 1;

[0043] 6) The sensing surfaces of the clockwise scanning sensor 7 and the counterclockwise scanning sensor 8 are parallel to the surface of the raceway to be quenched of the workpiece 5 to be processed, and the tracking device is used to maintain a spacing of 6mm from the raceway surface. The clockwise scanning sensor 7 and the counterclockwise scanning sensor 8 scan and quench the raceway from two directions starting from the starting point, and the quenching is completed at the end point at the same time; during the scanning quenching process, the radial heat-absorbing support plate 4 at the contact part of the shape-limiting and circle-preserving tooling absorbs the excess heat during the quenching of the workpiece 5 to be processed, reduces thermal expansion, and transfers the excess heat to the low-temperature zone through the shape-limiting and circle-preserving tooling, so that the circumferential heat difference of the workpiece 5 to be processed is reduced; the shape-limiting and circle-preserving tooling is used to radially pre-tighten the entire workpiece 5 to be processed to prevent local contraction caused by local expansion; so that the workpiece 5 to be processed does not warp during and after quenching; the shape-limiting and circle-preserving tooling is provided with a circulating cooling water channel to take away the ineffective excess heat conducted during the scanning quenching process;

[0044] 7) After quenching, continue to use the quenching liquid to cool the workpiece 5 to a uniform temperature, loosen the radial pre-tightening screw 2, and remove the workpiece 5 to complete the quenching;

[0045] The preload adjustment pin 3 is made of GCr15SiMn bearing steel and is quenched to ensure a high surface hardness and prevent shrinkage after the surface is compressed;

[0046] The radial heat absorbing support plate 4 is made of GCr15SiMn bearing steel and is quenched to ensure a high surface hardness and prevent shrinkage of the surface after being compressed.

Claims

1. A wind power single-row tapered main shaft bearing ring induction quenching shape-limiting and round-keeping tooling, characterized by: The tool body of the shape-limiting and circle-preserving tool is in the shape of a ring; the lower end of the inner wall of the tool body has an annular step for supporting the workpiece to be processed; a radial heat-absorbing support plate is also arranged in the tool body, and the radial heat-absorbing support plate is an arc plate, and the radial heat-absorbing support plate is a plurality of sections uniformly distributed along the circumference; the arc length of each section of the radial heat-absorbing support plate is 4 to 6 times the length of the heated heat-affected zone, so as to increase the circumferential diffusion range and efficiency of heat, reduce the heat of the non-quenching surface of the quenching area, that is, quickly take away the invalid heat from the quenching area to the non-quenching surface through heat conduction, and reduce local expansion; after the multi-section radial heat-absorbing support plate is pre-tightened The inner diameter is consistent with the outer diameter of the workpiece to be processed, and is in surface contact with the workpiece to be processed; the radial heat absorption support plate is pressed into the tool body by a plurality of pre-tightening adjustment pins distributed along the circumference; a radial pre-tightening screw for radially pre-tightening the radial heat absorption support plate and locking the position during heat treatment is provided on the tool body corresponding to each of the pre-tightening adjustment pins; the outer side surface of the pre-tightening adjustment pin is a plane for contacting the radial pre-tightening screw, and the inner side surface is a cylindrical surface in line contact with the radial heat absorption support plate, so as to pre-tighten the radial heat absorption support plate through the radial pre-tightening screw; the circumference of the tool body has a plurality of evenly distributed radial Cooling water holes for installing cooling water pipes; radial through holes for installing radial preload screws are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the tool body, and the radial through holes are one or more rows evenly distributed along the circumference, and the plurality of radial through holes correspond to the axial semicircular holes for placing the preload adjustment pins; the radius of the axial semicircular hole is 2mm larger than the radius of the preload adjustment pin, which serves as the radial adjustment margin of the preload amount; the outer diameter surface of the radial heat absorption support plate has two arc-shaped grooves for the flow of cooling water; the wind power single-row tapered main shaft bearing ring induction quenching limiting roundness tooling is used to The shape-limiting method of induction quenching is used to treat the excess heat caused by heat conduction when the workpiece is heated during the induction quenching process without soft belt scanning, that is, a radial heat-absorbing support plate in contact with the workpiece to be processed is used to absorb and conduct the excess heat; a full circle of circumferential back cooling is used to cool the quenching zone of the workpiece and take away the excess heat; radial expansion of the workpiece to be processed is limited to make the expansion and contraction uniform, so that the temperature rise of the workpiece to be processed does not cause large deformation during the quenching process; after the quenching of the workpiece to be processed is completed, the circumference continues to be sprayed with water back cooling to make the workpiece to be processed uniformly cooled and heated, so as to achieve uniform contraction; specifically, the following steps are included: 1) placing the radial heat absorption support plate in the tooling body; 2) placing the preload adjustment pin in the axial semicircular hole of the tool body, with its plane facing the radial through hole of the tool body; 3) The workpiece to be processed is placed in the inner hole formed by multiple radial heat absorbing support plates; the radial heat absorbing support plate is located between the workpiece to be processed and the preload adjustment pin, and the radial heat absorbing support plate is tightened by the radial preload screw, so that the inner diameter of the radial heat absorbing support plate contacts the outer diameter of the workpiece to be processed, and the inner diameter of the radial heat absorbing support plate and the outer diameter of the workpiece to be processed form a surface contact, which plays a role in rapid heat conduction during quenching; 4) Install the adjusted preload fixture on the machine tool and lock it with a locking wheel; 5) The quenching liquid cooling water pipe is connected to the four water holes on the circumference of the tool body, and the back cooling is turned on; during the scanning quenching process, the workpiece is back-cooled through the cooling water holes evenly distributed on the outer diameter of the tool body; 6) The clockwise scanning sensor and the counterclockwise scanning sensor are used to scan and quench the raceway respectively; during the scanning and quenching process, the radial heat-absorbing support plate at the contact part of the shape-limiting and circular-preserving tooling absorbs the excess heat during the quenching of the workpiece to be processed, reduces thermal expansion, and transfers the excess heat to the low-temperature zone through the shape-limiting and circular-preserving tooling, so that the circumferential heat difference of the workpiece to be processed is reduced; the shape-limiting and circular-preserving tooling is used to radially pre-tighten the entire workpiece to be processed to prevent local contraction caused by local expansion; the workpiece to be processed does not warp during and after quenching; the shape-limiting and circular-preserving tooling is provided with a circulating cooling water channel to take away the ineffective excess heat conducted during the scanning and quenching process; 7) After quenching, continue to use the quenching liquid to cool the workpiece to be processed until the temperature is uniform, loosen the radial pre-tightening screws, and remove the workpiece to be processed to complete the quenching.

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