A halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable materials, discloses a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: adding ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, polyolefin elastomer, chloroprene rubber, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, flame retardant and antioxidant, carbon black, terpene resin and paraffin oil to an internal mixer in sequence, mixing to obtain a masterbatch; adding the masterbatch, 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene and a cross-linking aid to an open mixer in sequence, mixing, sheeting and vulcanizing to obtain the halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material. In parts by mass, the ingredients include 80‑100 parts of EPDM rubber, 35‑40 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 7‑8 parts of chloroprene rubber, 7‑8 parts of zinc oxide, 4‑5 parts of magnesium oxide, 5‑20 parts of flame retardant and antioxidant, 80‑90 parts of carbon black, 15‑18 parts of terpene resin, 8‑12 parts of paraffin oil, 3‑4 parts of 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, and 4‑6 parts of crosslinking aid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable materials, in particular to a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, cables are increasingly used in the fields of industry, construction, communications, etc. However, the halogen flame retardants contained in traditional cable materials pose a hidden danger of environmental pollution and human health. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a halogen-free flame retardant material to replace the halogen flame retardants in traditional cable materials.

[0003] At the same time, as the use time of the cable increases, the harsh conditions of the environment, such as high temperature, ultraviolet radiation and other factors, will cause the aging of the cable material, reduce its performance, and even affect the safe use of the cable. Therefore, the development of a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material is of great significance to improve the service life and safety of the cable. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material comprises the following steps:

[0007] Add EPDM rubber, polyolefin elastomer, chloroprene rubber, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, flame retardant and antioxidant, carbon black, terpene resin and paraffin oil to an internal mixer in sequence, mix and knead to obtain a masterbatch; add the masterbatch, 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene and a cross-linking aid to an open mixer in sequence, mix, roll off and vulcanize to obtain a halogen-free flame retardant and aging-resistant cable material.

[0008] Furthermore, the proportion of each component in the halogen-free flame retardant and aging-resistant cable material, by mass, is 80-100 parts of EPDM rubber, 35-40 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 7-8 parts of chloroprene rubber, 7-8 parts of zinc oxide, 4-5 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-20 parts of flame retardant and antioxidant, 80-90 parts of carbon black, 15-18 parts of terpene resin, 8-12 parts of paraffin oil, 3-4 parts of 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, and 4-6 parts of cross-linking aid.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the flame retardant antioxidant comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step (1): adding allyl glycidyl ether and an antioxidant to xylene, adding a catalyst, heating to 150-155° C. for reaction for 8-8.5 hours, purifying, and drying to obtain a grafted modified antioxidant; adding metallic sodium wire to tetrahydrofuran, adding a tetrahydrofuran solution of the grafted modified antioxidant under a nitrogen atmosphere and an ice bath, reacting at room temperature for 6-8 hours, adding polyphosphazene, heating to 67-68° C. for reaction for 48-49 hours, and rotary evaporation to obtain a substituted modified antioxidant;

[0011] Step (2): ultrasonically dispersing fumed silica in an ethanol solution, adding an ethanol solution of KH590, heating to 70-75° C. and reacting for 12-14 hours, filtering with suction, and drying to obtain mercapto-modified silica; adding mercapto-modified silica and a substituted modified antioxidant to tetrahydrofuran, adding a photoinitiator, reacting under ultraviolet irradiation, rotary evaporation, and drying to obtain a flame retardant antioxidant.

[0012] Furthermore, in the graft modified antioxidant, the molar ratio of allyl glycidyl ether: antioxidant is 1:(1.1-1.2); in the substituted modified antioxidant, the molar ratio of metallic sodium: graft modified antioxidant: polyphosphazene is (1-1.2):(1.5-2):(1-3).

[0013] Furthermore, in the mercapto-modified silica, the mass ratio of fumed silica to KH590 is 1:(1.1-1.2); in the flame retardant and antioxidant, the molar ratio of mercapto-modified silica to substituted modified antioxidant is (1-2):(1-3).

[0014] Furthermore, the photoinitiator is benzoin dimethyl ether, and the added amount accounts for 2wt% of the total reaction system mass.

[0015] Furthermore, the antioxidant is any one of antioxidant 6PPD and antioxidant IPPD.

[0016] Furthermore, the catalyst is salicylic acid, and the added amount accounts for 1.5wt% of the total reaction system mass.

[0017] Furthermore, the preparation method of the polyphosphazene comprises the following steps:

[0018] Phosphorus pentachloride, ammonium chloride, calcium sulfate dihydrate, aminosulfonic acid and activated carbon are added to 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, heated to 190-195° C. under nitrogen atmosphere, stirred for reaction for 3.5-4 hours, and purified to obtain polyphosphazene.

[0019] Furthermore, the proportions of the components in the polyphosphazene, by mass, are 300-320 parts of phosphorus pentachloride, 80-85 parts of ammonium chloride, 1-1.1 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 1-1.1 parts of aminosulfonic acid, 0.06-0.08 parts of activated carbon, and 220-240 parts of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene.

[0020] Furthermore, the preparation method of the cross-linking auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:

[0021] Add triethylamine to a tetrahydrofuran solution of methanol, stir evenly, add a tetrahydrofuran solution of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene, heat to 60-65°C and react for 12-14h, add a dichloromethane solution of N-(2-aminoethyl)maleimide, cool to 43-45°C and react until no precipitate is generated, filter, distill, wash and dry to obtain a cross-linking aid.

[0022] Furthermore, in the cross-linking auxiliary agent, the molar ratio of methanol:triethylamine:hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene:N-(2-aminoethyl)maleimide is (0.34-0.4):(0.66-0.8):(0.1-0.12):(0.34-0.4).

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0024] The invention uses hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene as a main body, and reacts with methanol and N-(2-aminoethyl)maleimide in sequence to prepare a crosslinking auxiliary agent; utilizing the dispersibility of the crosslinking auxiliary agent and polyphosphazene in the system and the sulfur element contained in the side chain of the polyphosphazene, under the joint action of 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, the vulcanization efficiency is improved, the vulcanization time is shortened, and the crosslinking degree of the internal molecular chain of the rubber is further improved, so that the prepared rubber cable material has excellent mechanical properties.

[0025] In order to solve the problem that traditional antioxidants are easy to migrate, the invention firstly utilizes the epoxy group of allyl glycidyl ether to react with the amino group on the antioxidant for ring-opening grafting, then utilizes the alcohol hydroxyl group of the epoxy ring-opening reaction to react with metal sodium to introduce a sodium alcoholate bond, and then uses the linear flame retardant polyphosphazene as the load body, and obtains the substitution modified antioxidant through the substitution reaction of chlorine in the polyphosphazene side chain with the sodium alcoholate bond; uses fumed silica as a reinforcing filler, uses KH590 to modify it, grafts a mercapto functional group on the surface of the polyphosphazene, and obtains a mercapto modified silica; finally, the mercapto modified silica and the substitution modified antioxidant are grafted together through a mercapto-ene reaction, and the epoxy functional group and sulfur element are successfully introduced into the surface of the fumed silica, and a multifunctional polymer (flame retardant antioxidant) with the characteristics of flame retardancy, aging resistance, reinforcement and migration resistance is successfully prepared.

[0026] Since the flame retardant and antioxidant prepared is a macromolecular linear polymer, in order to adjust its entanglement with the rubber molecules, the entire rubber system has excellent flame retardant and aging resistance properties, and also has the same vulcanization characteristics and processability as ordinary rubber; different from the traditional method of preparing polyphosphazene from hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene to prepare 10 6The invention discloses a high molecular weight polyphosphazene of the order of magnitude. When preparing the polyphosphazene, phosphorus pentachloride and ammonium chloride are reacted to obtain a linear polyphosphazene with a weight average molecular weight of about 11000. At the same time, under the joint action of low molecular weight paraffin oil, on the one hand, during the high temperature thermal oxidative aging process, the polyphosphazene molecular chain can be entangled with the rubber molecular chain to a certain extent, thereby effectively reducing the migration rate of the plasticizer during the thermal oxidative aging and improving the mechanical properties and aging resistance of the rubber. On the other hand, the distance between the rubber molecular chains can be adjusted, the interaction force between the molecular chains can be reduced, and the vulcanization characteristics and processability of the rubber material can be guaranteed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the following examples, the fumed silica model is HS-200 with a specific surface area of ​​200 m 2 / g, purchased from Ho Sheng Silicon Industry Co., Ltd.; EPDM model is 539EPDM, purchased from Lion Chemical of the United States; polyolefin elastomer model is POE8150, purchased from Dow of the United States; terpene resin CAS: 9003-74-1, purchased from Henan Shengkun Chemical Products Co., Ltd.; chloroprene rubber CAS: 9010-98-4, purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd.; paraffin oil model is Sunpar2280, purchased from Sun of the United States; low molecular weight polyisobutylene model is PB680, purchased from Daelim of South Korea; antioxidant model is antioxidant 6PPD, CAS: 793-24-8, purchased from Shengao Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.; the remaining raw materials are commercially available.

[0029] The preparation method of the polyphosphazene:

[0030] 30 g of phosphorus pentachloride, 8 g of ammonium chloride, 0.1 g of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 0.1 g of aminosulfonic acid, and 6 mg of activated carbon were added to 24 g of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, heated to 190° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere with stirring for reaction for 3.5 h, and purified to obtain polyphosphazene.

[0031] Embodiment 1: A method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material: S1: 1 mol of allyl glycidyl ether and 1.1 mol of antioxidant 6PPD are added to xylene, salicylic acid is added, and the mixture is heated to 150°C for reaction for 8 hours, purified, and dried to obtain a grafted modified antioxidant; 1 mol of metallic sodium wire is added to tetrahydrofuran, and a tetrahydrofuran solution of 1.5 mol of the grafted modified antioxidant is added under a nitrogen atmosphere and an ice bath, and the mixture is reacted at room temperature for 6 hours, 1 mol of polyphosphazene is added, the mixture is heated to 67°C for reaction for 48-49 hours, and rotary evaporated to obtain a substituted modified antioxidant;

[0032] S2: Ultrasonic dispersion of 1g of fumed silica in an ethanol solution, addition of an ethanol solution containing 1.1g of KH590, heating to 70°C for reaction for 12h, suction filtration, and drying to obtain mercapto-modified silica; 1mol of mercapto-modified silica and 1mol of substituted modified antioxidant were added to tetrahydrofuran, benzoin dimethyl ether was added, ultraviolet irradiation was performed, rotary evaporation was performed, and drying was performed to obtain a flame retardant antioxidant;

[0033] S3: Add 8 g of triethylamine to a tetrahydrofuran solution containing 4 g of methanol, stir evenly, add 1.2 g of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene in tetrahydrofuran, heat to 60° C. for 12 h, add 4 g of N-(2-aminoethyl)maleimide in dichloromethane, cool to 43° C. for reaction until no precipitate is generated, filter, distill, wash, and dry to obtain a crosslinking aid;

[0034] S4: Add 80g of EPDM rubber, 35g of polyolefin elastomer, 7g of chloroprene rubber, 7g of zinc oxide, 4g of magnesium oxide, 5g of flame retardant and antioxidant, 80g of carbon black, 15g of terpene resin and 8g of paraffin oil into an internal mixer in sequence, mix and obtain a masterbatch; add the masterbatch, 3g of 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene and 4g of a cross-linking aid into an open mixer in sequence, mix, roll off and vulcanize to obtain a halogen-free, flame retardant and aging-resistant cable material.

[0035] Example 2: A method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material: S1: S1: 1 mol of allyl glycidyl ether and 1.1 mol of antioxidant 6PPD are added to xylene, salicylic acid is added, heated to 150°C for reaction for 8 hours, purified, and dried to obtain a grafted modified antioxidant; 1 mol of metallic sodium wire is added to tetrahydrofuran, 2 mol of a tetrahydrofuran solution of the grafted modified antioxidant is added under a nitrogen atmosphere and an ice bath, the reaction is carried out at room temperature for 6 hours, 3 mol of polyphosphazene is added, the reaction is heated to 67°C for 48-49 hours, and rotary evaporated to obtain a substituted modified antioxidant;

[0036] S2: Ultrasonic dispersion of 1g of fumed silica in an ethanol solution, addition of an ethanol solution containing 1.1g of KH590, heating to 70°C for reaction for 12h, suction filtration, and drying to obtain mercapto-modified silica; 2mol of mercapto-modified silica and 3mol of substituted modified antioxidant were added to tetrahydrofuran, benzoin dimethyl ether was added, ultraviolet irradiation was performed, rotary evaporation was performed, and drying was performed to obtain a flame retardant antioxidant;

[0037] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0038] Embodiment 3: A method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material: S5: 90g of EPDM rubber, 40g of polyolefin elastomer, 7g of chloroprene rubber, 7g of zinc oxide, 4g of magnesium oxide, 15g of flame retardant and antioxidant, 80g of carbon black, 15g of terpene resin, and 8g of paraffin oil are sequentially added to an internal mixer, and kneaded to obtain a masterbatch; the masterbatch, 3g of 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, and 4g of a cross-linking aid are sequentially added to an open mixer, and kneaded, rolled, and vulcanized to obtain a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material;

[0039] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0040] Embodiment 4: A method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material: S5: 90g of EPDM rubber, 40g of polyolefin elastomer, 7g of chloroprene rubber, 7g of zinc oxide, 4g of magnesium oxide, 15g of flame retardant and antioxidant, 80g of carbon black, 15g of terpene resin, and 10g of paraffin oil are sequentially added to an internal mixer, and kneaded to obtain a masterbatch; the masterbatch, 4g of 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, and 6g of a cross-linking aid are sequentially added to an open mixer, and kneaded, rolled, and vulcanized to obtain a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material;

[0041] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0042] Embodiment 5: A method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material: S5: 100g of EPDM rubber, 40g of polyolefin elastomer, 7g of chloroprene rubber, 7g of zinc oxide, 4g of magnesium oxide, 20g of flame retardant and antioxidant, 80g of carbon black, 15g of terpene resin, and 12g of paraffin oil are sequentially added into an internal mixer, and kneaded to obtain a masterbatch; the masterbatch, 4g of 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, and 6g of a cross-linking aid are sequentially added into an open mixer, and kneaded, rolled, and vulcanized to obtain a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material;

[0043] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0044] Comparative Example 1: A method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material: A method for preparing polyphosphazene: dissolving hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene in hot petroleum ether, heating and stirring, filtering, cooling and crystallizing, repeating the above process twice to obtain secondary recrystallization crystals; vacuum drying the secondary recrystallized crystals at 60°C and placing them at 55°C and 10Pa absolute pressure environment for sublimation to obtain purified hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene; placing the purified hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and the catalyst anhydrous aluminum chloride in a glass tube, heating to 260°C under vacuum for reaction for 12 hours, adding dry petroleum ether, adding dry tetrahydrofuran under a nitrogen atmosphere, filtering, and obtaining a tetrahydrofuran solution of polyphosphazene.

[0045] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0046] Comparative Example 2: A method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material: S4: 80g of EPDM rubber, 35g of polyolefin elastomer, 7g of chloroprene rubber, 7g of zinc oxide, 4g of magnesium oxide, 5g of flame retardant and antioxidant, 80g of carbon black, 15g of terpene resin, and 8g of low molecular weight polyisobutylene are added to an internal mixer in sequence, mixed to obtain a masterbatch; the masterbatch, 3g of 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, and 4g of a cross-linking aid are added to an open mixer in sequence, mixed, sheeted, and vulcanized to obtain a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material.

[0047] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0048] Comparative Example 3: A method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material: S1: 1 mol of allyl glycidyl ether and 1.1 mol of antioxidant 6PPD are added to xylene, salicylic acid is added, and the mixture is heated to 150°C for reaction for 8 hours, purified, and dried to obtain a grafted modified antioxidant; 1 mol of metallic sodium wire is added to tetrahydrofuran, and a tetrahydrofuran solution of 1.5 mol of the grafted modified antioxidant is added under a nitrogen atmosphere and an ice bath, and the mixture is reacted at room temperature for 6 hours, 1 mol of polyphosphazene is added, the mixture is heated to 67°C for reaction for 48-49 hours, and rotary evaporated to obtain a substituted modified antioxidant;

[0049] S2: Ultrasonic dispersion of 1g of fumed silica in an ethanol solution, addition of an ethanol solution containing 1.1g of KH590, heating to 70°C for reaction for 12h, suction filtration, and drying to obtain mercapto-modified silica; 1mol of mercapto-modified silica and 1mol of substituted modified antioxidant were added to tetrahydrofuran, benzoin dimethyl ether was added, ultraviolet irradiation was performed, rotary evaporation was performed, and drying was performed to obtain a flame retardant antioxidant;

[0050] S3: Add 8 g of triethylamine to a tetrahydrofuran solution containing 4 g of methanol, stir evenly, add 1.2 g of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene in tetrahydrofuran, heat to 60° C. for 12 h, add 4 g of N-(2-aminoethyl)maleimide in dichloromethane, cool to 43° C. for reaction until no precipitate is generated, filter, distill, wash, and dry to obtain a crosslinking aid;

[0051] S4: Add 80g of EPDM rubber, 35g of polyolefin elastomer, 7g of chloroprene rubber, 7g of zinc oxide, 4g of magnesium oxide, 25g of flame retardant and antioxidant, 80g of carbon black, 15g of terpene resin and 8g of paraffin oil into an internal mixer in turn, mix and obtain a masterbatch; add the masterbatch, 3g of 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene and 4g of a cross-linking aid into an open mixer in turn, mix, roll off and vulcanize to obtain a halogen-free, flame retardant and aging-resistant cable material.

[0052] Comparative Example 4: A method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material: S1: 1 mol of allyl glycidyl ether and 1.1 mol of antioxidant 6PPD are added to xylene, salicylic acid is added, and the mixture is heated to 150°C for reaction for 8 hours, purified, and dried to obtain a grafted modified antioxidant; 1 mol of metallic sodium wire is added to tetrahydrofuran, and a tetrahydrofuran solution of 1.5 mol of the grafted modified antioxidant is added under a nitrogen atmosphere and an ice bath, and the mixture is reacted at room temperature for 6 hours, 1 mol of polyphosphazene is added, the mixture is heated to 67°C for reaction for 48-49 hours, and rotary evaporated to obtain a substituted modified antioxidant;

[0053] S2: Ultrasonic dispersion of 1g of fumed silica in an ethanol solution, addition of an ethanol solution containing 1.1g of KH590, heating to 70°C for reaction for 12h, suction filtration, and drying to obtain mercapto-modified silica; 1mol of mercapto-modified silica and 1mol of substituted modified antioxidant were added to tetrahydrofuran, benzoin dimethyl ether was added, ultraviolet irradiation was performed, rotary evaporation was performed, and drying was performed to obtain a flame retardant antioxidant;

[0054] S3: Add 80g of EPDM rubber, 35g of polyolefin elastomer, 7g of chloroprene rubber, 7g of zinc oxide, 4g of magnesium oxide, 5g of flame retardant and antioxidant, 80g of carbon black, 15g of terpene resin and 8g of paraffin oil into an internal mixer in turn, mix to obtain a masterbatch; add the masterbatch and 3g of 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene into an open mixer in turn, mix, sheet and vulcanize to obtain a halogen-free, flame retardant and aging-resistant cable material.

[0055] Experiment: Mechanical properties test: The tensile properties were tested using a universal testing machine according to GB / T528-2008, with a tensile rate of 500 mm / min and a test temperature of room temperature;

[0056] Thermal oxygen aging performance test: Tested according to GB / T3512-2001, aging conditions are 180℃, 48h; mechanical properties test is performed again after aging;

[0057] Flame retardant performance test: Tested in accordance with GB / T10707-2008.

[0058] Table 1 Performance test data of halogen-free flame retardant and aging-resistant cable materials

[0059]

[0060] Conclusion: The cable material prepared in this application has excellent aging resistance, flame retardancy and mechanical properties.

[0061] The polyphosphazene prepared in Comparative Example 1 is a high molecular weight polyphosphazene, which leads to enhanced molecular chain entanglement, reduced vulcanization characteristics, and ultimately reduced performance of the cable material during the vulcanization process; Comparative Example 2 uses long-chain low molecular weight polyisobutylene to replace paraffin oil, which leads to enhanced molecular chain entanglement, reduced vulcanization characteristics, and ultimately reduced performance of the cable material during the vulcanization process; Comparative Example 3 adds excessive flame retardant and antioxidant, which leads to enhanced molecular chain entanglement, reduced vulcanization characteristics, and ultimately reduced performance of the cable material during the vulcanization process; Comparative Example 4 lacks a cross-linking aid, which leads to reduced internal cross-linking of the rubber during the vulcanization process and reduced mechanical properties.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Add EPDM rubber, polyolefin elastomer, chloroprene rubber, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, flame retardant and antioxidant, carbon black, terpene resin and paraffin oil to an internal mixer in sequence, mix and knead to obtain a masterbatch; add the masterbatch, 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene and a cross-linking aid to an open mixer in sequence, mix, roll off and vulcanize to obtain a halogen-free flame retardant and aging-resistant cable material; The proportion of each component in the halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material, by mass, is 80-100 parts of EPDM rubber, 35-40 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 7-8 parts of chloroprene rubber, 7-8 parts of zinc oxide, 4-5 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-20 parts of flame retardant and antioxidant, 80-90 parts of carbon black, 15-18 parts of terpene resin, 8-12 parts of paraffin oil, 3-4 parts of 1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, and 4-6 parts of cross-linking aid; The preparation method of the flame retardant antioxidant comprises the following steps: Step (1): adding allyl glycidyl ether and an antioxidant to xylene, adding a catalyst, heating to 150-155° C. for reaction for 8-8.5 hours, purifying, and drying to obtain a grafted modified antioxidant; adding metallic sodium wire to tetrahydrofuran, adding a tetrahydrofuran solution of the grafted modified antioxidant under a nitrogen atmosphere and an ice bath, reacting at room temperature for 6-8 hours, adding polyphosphazene, heating to 67-68° C. for reaction for 48-49 hours, and rotary evaporation to obtain a substituted modified antioxidant; Step (2): ultrasonically dispersing fumed silica in an ethanol solution, adding an ethanol solution of KH590, heating to 70-75° C. for reaction for 12-14 hours, filtering with suction, and drying to obtain mercapto-modified silica; adding mercapto-modified silica and a substituted modified antioxidant to tetrahydrofuran, adding a photoinitiator, reacting under ultraviolet irradiation, rotary evaporation, and drying to obtain a flame retardant antioxidant; In the preparation process of the flame retardant antioxidant, the antioxidant is any one of the antioxidant 6PPD and the antioxidant IPPD; the catalyst is salicylic acid, and the added amount accounts for 1.5wt% of the total reaction system mass; The preparation method of the cross-linking auxiliary agent comprises the following steps: Add triethylamine to a tetrahydrofuran solution of methanol, stir evenly, add a tetrahydrofuran solution of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene, heat to 60-65°C for reaction for 12-14h, add a dichloromethane solution of N-(2-aminoethyl)maleimide, cool to 43-45°C for reaction until no precipitation is generated, filter, distill, wash, and dry to obtain a crosslinking aid; The preparation method of the polyphosphazene comprises the following steps: Phosphorus pentachloride, ammonium chloride, calcium sulfate dihydrate, aminosulfonic acid and activated carbon are added to 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, heated to 190-195° C. under nitrogen atmosphere, stirred for reaction for 3.5-4 hours, and purified to obtain polyphosphazene; The proportions of various components in the preparation process of polyphosphazene, by weight, are 300-320 parts of phosphorus pentachloride, 80-85 parts of ammonium chloride, 1-1.1 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 1-1.1 parts of aminosulfonic acid, 0.06-0.08 parts of activated carbon, and 220-240 parts of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene.

2. The method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the graft modified antioxidant, the molar ratio of allyl glycidyl ether: antioxidant is 1:(1.1-1.2); in the substituted modified antioxidant, the molar ratio of metallic sodium: graft modified antioxidant: polyphosphazene is (1-1.2):(1.5-2):(1-3).

3. The method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the mercapto-modified silica, the mass ratio of fumed silica to KH590 is 1:(1.1-1.2); in the flame retardant and antioxidant, the molar ratio of mercapto-modified silica to substituted modified antioxidant is (1-2):(1-3).

4. The method for preparing a halogen-free flame-retardant and aging-resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the cross-linking auxiliary agent, the molar ratio of methanol:triethylamine:hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene:N-(2-aminoethyl)maleimide is (0.34-0.4):(0.66-0.8):(0.1-0.12):(0.34-0.4).

5. The halogen-free flame retardant and aging-resistant cable material prepared according to the method for preparing a halogen-free flame retardant and aging-resistant cable material according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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