Laser processing system, method and laser cutting machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of laser processing technology, and more specifically, to a laser processing system, method and laser cutting machine, including: a laser emitter for emitting a laser beam and a laser guiding component for converging and guiding the laser beam to a processing station; the laser guiding component includes: a first shell connected to the laser emitter at one end and a second shell slidably connected to the other end of the first shell, and the second shell is connected to a focusing assembly at one end away from the first shell; a focusing assembly is connected between the first shell and the second shell, so as to drive the second shell to slide in the first shell through the focusing assembly. The second shell can be driven to slide in the first shell through the focusing assembly, thereby changing the distance between the focusing assembly and the laser emitter, thereby achieving adjustment of the focusing effect, and being able to meet the use requirements of various different processing situations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of laser processing technology, and more specifically, to a laser processing system, method and laser cutting machine. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, laser processing has become a mature processing technology. With its advantages of high processing efficiency and processing precision, laser processing is widely used in the cutting of various workpieces. In the process of laser processing using traditional laser processing equipment, the laser processing equipment adopts a laser processing optical path with a fixed focal depth. During the processing, the laser beam cannot be focused to a very small point, thereby generating a very high energy density in a very short time. It is not suitable for cutting workpieces of different materials or different thicknesses, and the cutting efficiency and quality cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a laser processing system, method and laser cutting machine.

[0004] The laser processing system, method and laser cutting machine described in the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a laser processing system, comprising: a laser emitter for emitting a laser beam and a laser guiding component for converging and guiding the laser beam to a processing station; the laser guiding component comprises: a first shell connected to the laser emitter at one end and a second shell slidably connected to the other end of the first shell, and the end of the second shell away from the first shell is connected to a focusing assembly; a focusing assembly is connected between the first shell and the second shell to drive the second shell to slide in the first shell through the focusing assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, a bellows is sealed and fixed on the side of the first shell, an air duct is provided on the top of the bellows, an air regulating component is connected inside the bellows, and the air regulating component is connected to the air duct on the side of the first shell; and an air outlet component is evenly fixedly connected to a plurality of air outlets on the outer surface of the second shell near one end of the focusing component and arranged toward the center of the second shell.

[0007] Furthermore, the air outlet component includes: a first tube body, a second tube body is vertically fixed at the lower end of the first tube body, and a third tube body is fixedly connected to the lower part of the second tube body and is inclined toward the center of the second shell; a plug body is sealingly and slidably connected to the inside of the first tube body, and the plug body blocks the connecting port between the first tube body and the second tube body; a shaft body fixed to the outer end of the plug body slides on a stopper at the outer end of the first tube body; a return spring sleeved on the shaft body is located between the plug body and the stopper.

[0008] Furthermore, the nut threadedly connected to the outer end of the shaft is blocked on the outside of the blocking member;

[0009] Furthermore, the air outlet component includes: a conical air focusing head is provided at the air outlet of the third tube body.

[0010] Furthermore, the focusing assembly includes: a focusing screw with one end rotated on the bellows, the middle part of the focusing screw is threadedly connected to the focusing side frame on the side of the second shell, and a locking nut threaded on the other end of the focusing screw abuts against the end of the focusing side frame away from the bellows; an anti-loosening spring body is sleeved on the lever body of the focusing screw located between the bellows and the focusing side frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the focusing assembly includes: a zoom lens fixedly connected in the second housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the air adjustment assembly includes: a guide seat fixedly connected to the bellows, the guide seat inserted into a guide slide at one end of the bellows and slidingly provided with a sliding body, a connecting frame fixedly connected to the sliding body slidingly provided in a limiting groove of the guide seat, the connecting frame being connected to one end of a cut-off end cover that can be sealably slid on the air guide duct; the other end of the cut-off end cover is connected to the bellows; a tensioning spring is fixedly connected between the sliding body and the inner side surface of the guide slide; an on-off screw sealably rotatably connected to the guide seat passes through the central sliding hole of the sliding body, and is threadedly connected to an opening and closing slide slidingly provided on the inner wall of the bellows.

[0013] Furthermore, the cut-off end cover comprises: an end cover body fixedly connected to the connecting frame, and a sealing ring on the end cover body can be sealingly sleeved on the outer tube surface of the air guide tube.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the on-off screw extending out of the bellows is fixedly connected to a rotating wheel.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a laser processing method, which is applied to the above-mentioned laser processing system, and the method comprises:

[0016] Determine the actual spot size of the required laser irradiation according to the processing requirements of different workpieces to be processed;

[0017] The focusing assembly drives the second housing to slide in the first housing, thereby changing the distance between the laser emitter and the focusing assembly so that the emitted light spot size matches the actual light spot size;

[0018] Turn on the laser transmitter and control the laser guide component to irradiate the laser emitted by the laser transmitter to the workpiece to be processed.

[0019] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a laser cutting machine, comprising the laser processing system described above, and a machine tool for supporting and installing the laser processing system, wherein the machine tool is also provided with a fixture for supporting a workpiece to be processed.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In a laser processing system, method and laser cutting machine of the present invention, a laser guiding component with adjustable focal length is provided in the laser processing system, and the second shell can be driven to slide in the first shell through the focusing component, thereby changing the distance between the focusing component and the laser emitter, thereby realizing the adjustment of the focusing effect, and can meet the use requirements of various different processing conditions; the laser processing system of the present invention can efficiently focus the laser beam to an extremely small point, thereby generating extremely high energy density in a very short time, so as to adapt to the processing of various materials, achieve higher cutting quality and efficiency, and reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution.

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a laser processing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a laser processing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a laser processing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a laser guiding component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a laser guide component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a focusing assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an air outlet component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of an air outlet component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the air regulating assembly and air guide duct provided in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0033] Fig.10Schematic diagram of the air regulating assembly and air guide duct provided in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0034] Fig.11 A cross-sectional view of an air regulating assembly and an air guide duct provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of cutting off the end cap provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0036] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of cutting off the end cap provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0037] Fig.14 A cross-sectional view of a cut-off end cap provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.15 A partial structural cross-sectional view of a cut-off end cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be understood that the terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] See also Figure 1-15 A laser processing system provided by the present invention comprises: a laser emitter 1 for emitting a laser beam and a laser guiding component 2 for converging and guiding the laser beam to a processing station; the laser guiding component 2 comprises: a first shell 3 connected to the laser emitter 1 at one end and a second shell 4 slidably connected to the other end of the first shell 3, and the end of the second shell 4 away from the first shell 3 is connected to a focusing assembly 5; a focusing assembly 6 is connected between the first shell 3 and the second shell 4, so as to drive the second shell 4 to slide in the first shell 3 through the focusing assembly 6.

[0043] The working principle and technical effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0044] A laser processing system of the present invention determines the actual spot size of the required laser irradiation according to the processing requirements of different workpieces to be processed when processing the workpiece; then the second shell 4 is driven to slide in the first shell 3 through the focusing component 6 to change the distance between the laser emitter 1 and the focusing component 5 so that the emitted spot size matches the actual spot size; finally, the laser emitter 1 is turned on, and the laser guiding component 2 is controlled to irradiate the laser emitted by the laser emitter 1 to the workpiece to be processed; the focusing component 5 can use a high-quality focusing lens to ensure the size of the focus and the quality of the light beam, and ensure that the light beam can be focused on the target point to perform high-quality laser processing; a laser processing system of the present invention can meet the use requirements of a variety of different processing situations, and can efficiently focus the laser beam to a very small point, thereby generating extremely high energy density in a very short time, so as to adapt to the processing of various materials, achieve higher cutting quality and efficiency, and reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution.

[0045] A bellows 7 is sealed and fixed on the side of the first shell 3, an air duct 8 is provided on the top of the bellows 7, an air regulating component 9 is connected inside the bellows 7, and the air regulating component 9 is connected to the air duct 10 on the side of the first shell 3; a plurality of air outlets are evenly fixedly connected on the outer surface of the second shell 4 near one end of the focusing component 6, and an air outlet component 11 is arranged toward the center of the second shell 4.

[0046] In a laser processing system of the present invention, in order to properly cool down the laser guide component 2 during the laser processing process to avoid the laser guide component 2 and the focusing assembly 5 from being overheated and affecting the focusing accuracy, the above-mentioned air cooling structure is also provided. During the laser processing process, the air duct 8 on the top of the bellows 7 can be connected to a pipeline with an air supply pump to supply cooling gas. The cooling gas is a gas that has no effect on laser propagation or has a small effect, such as nitrogen or helium. Their molecular structures are relatively simple and they usually do not absorb the wavelength of the laser, or they have a weak absorption of most laser wavelengths, especially in the visible light and near-infrared spectrum ranges. Therefore, while air cooling is performed, it is effective Avoid affecting the laser processing effect and ensure the quality of laser processing; after the cooling gas enters the bellows 7 through the air duct 8, after the air regulating component 9 gradually releases the blockage of the air duct 10, the cooling gas can enter the first shell 3 through the air duct 10, and enter the second shell 4 through the first shell 3, and finally be sent out through multiple air outlet components 11. The air outlets of the multiple air outlet components 11 are arranged toward the center of the second shell 4, and do not block the focusing component 5, so that the cooled gas can blow away impurities such as gas or smoke generated during laser processing of the workpiece, avoiding its influence on the propagation of the laser or adhering to the focusing component 5 to affect the focusing effect, thereby ensuring the quality of laser processing.

[0047] A semiconductor refrigerator may also be provided inside the wind box 7 to cool the gas and improve the subsequent air cooling effect.

[0048] The air outlet component 11 includes: a first tube body 12, a second tube body 13 is vertically fixed at the lower end of the first tube body 12, and a third tube body 14 is fixedly connected below the second tube body 13 and tilted toward the center of the second shell body 4; a plug body 15 is sealingly and slidably connected inside the first tube body 12, and the plug body 15 blocks the connecting port between the first tube body 12 and the second tube body 13; a shaft body 16 fixed to the plug body 15 slides on a stopper at the outer end of the first tube body 12; a return spring 17 sleeved on the shaft body 16 is fixedly connected between the plug body 15 and the stopper. The arrangement of this structure enables the cooling gas to fully cool the laser guide component 2 and prevent external gas from entering the laser guide component 2; when the cooling gas in the laser guide component 2 reaches a preset pressure, it can generate an outward thrust on the plug body 15, and the outward movement of the plug body 15 drives the shaft body 16 to slide outward on the stopper at the outer end of the first tube body 12 and compress the return spring 17. At this time, the blockage of the connecting port between the first tube body 12 and the second tube body 13 is gradually released, so that the cooling gas can be output in one direction, and the airflow impact effect is guaranteed, thereby improving the effect of the cooling gas in blowing away impurities such as gas or smoke generated during laser processing of workpieces.

[0049] The nut 18 threadedly connected to the outer end of the shaft body 16 is blocked on the outside of the blocking member, thereby limiting the position of the plug body 15.

[0050] The air outlet component 11 includes: a conical air focusing head is provided at the air outlet of the third tube body 14, which is beneficial to improving the impact force.

[0051] The focusing assembly 6 includes: a focusing screw 19 with one end rotated to the bellows 7, the middle part of the focusing screw 19 is screwed on the focusing side frame 20 on the side of the second shell 4, and the locking nut 21 screwed on the other end of the focusing screw 19 abuts against the end of the focusing side frame 20 away from the bellows 7; the focusing screw 19 is located between the bellows 7 and the focusing side frame 20, and a locking spring body 22 is sleeved on the rod body. When adjusting, the focusing screw 19 is rotated to change the contact position between the focusing screw 19 and the focusing side frame 20, so as to control the focusing side frame 20 to drive the second shell 4 and the first shell 3 to slide relative to each other, so as to adjust the distance between the laser emitter 1 and the focusing assembly 5, and finally change the focusing effect, which is suitable for use in different situations. The focusing assembly 5 includes: a zoom lens fixedly connected in the second shell 4, which can be purchased on the market without a unique design.

[0052] The air regulating assembly 9 comprises: a guide seat 23 fixedly connected to the bellows 7, the guide seat 23 being inserted into a guide slideway at one end of the bellows 7 and slidingly provided with a sliding body 24, a connecting frame 25 fixedly connected to the sliding body 24 being slidably provided in a limiting groove of the guide seat 23, the connecting frame 25 being connected to one end of a cut-off end cover 26 which can be sealably slid on the air guide 10; the other end of the cut-off end cover 26 being connected to the bellows 7; a tensioning spring 27 being fixedly connected between the sliding body 24 and the inner side surface of the guide slideway; an on-off screw 28 sealably rotated on the guide seat 23 passing through the central sliding hole of the sliding body 24, and being threadedly connected to an opening and closing slideway 29 which is slidably provided on the inner wall of the bellows 7.

[0053] In the air regulating assembly 9, under normal conditions, the cut-off end cover 26 is kept sealed at the air duct 10 under the elastic force of the tensioning compression spring 27. When laser processing is performed, the air duct 10 can be manually controlled to open. At this time, the on-off screw 28 is rotated to control the opening and closing slide 29 to move in the direction of the sliding body 24. When it contacts the sliding body 24, the on-off screw 28 is continuously rotated so that the opening and closing slide 29 presses the sliding body 24 to slide into the guide slideway of the guide seat 23. At this time, the sliding body 24 presses the tensioning compression spring 27 to open the air duct 10. 7, the connecting frame 25 drives the cut-off end cover 26 to move away from the air duct 10, so as to open the air duct 10. On the contrary, after the control opening and closing slide 29 gradually releases the top pressure control on the sliding body 24, the sliding body 24 drives the connecting frame 25 and the cut-off end cover 26 to block the air duct 10 under the elastic force of the tensioning spring 27, so as to prevent the gas from entering the first shell 3; the one end of the on-off screw 28 passing through the bellows 7 is fixedly connected to the rotating wheel for easy control operation.

[0054] The cut-off end cap 26 includes: an end cap body 30 fixedly connected to the connection frame 25, and a sealing collar 31 on the end cap body 30 can be sealed and sleeved on the outer tube surface of the air duct 10. The end cap body 30 can be sealed at the pipe opening of the air duct 10 under the drive of the connection frame 25, and drive the sealing collar 31 to be sealed and sleeved on the outer tube surface of the air duct 10, so as to ensure the sealing effect, prevent the outside air or fine particles from entering the laser guide component 2, avoid the problem of laser propagation being affected due to the air or dust entering the laser guide component 2, and prevent the laser processing effect from being poor.

[0055] A cylindrical filter screen 32 coaxial with the sealing ring 31 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the end cover body 30, and the cylindrical filter screen 32 is slidably fitted on the inner tube surface of the air duct 10; a transverse duct 33 fixed at the center of the end cover body 30 seals and slides in the pipe hole of the bellows 7, and both ends of the vacuum tube 34 sealably rotated in the transverse duct 33 are respectively connected to a threaded plug 35 located on the outside of the bellows 7 and a reinforcing bracket 36 fixed in the cylindrical filter screen 32, and a return compression spring 37 fixed between the end cover body 30 and the inner side of the bellows 7 is sleeved on the transverse duct 33. The cylindrical filter 32 is always kept inserted into the air duct 10, so as to filter the gas entering the laser guide component 2, and prevent dust and other impurities in the gas from entering the laser guide component 2 and affecting the laser propagation; a reinforcing bracket 36 is fixedly provided in the cylindrical filter 32 to ensure the stability of the structure of the cylindrical filter 32, and a vacuum tube 34 is sealed and rotatably connected in the transverse conduit 33. After the use of the present invention, the gas in the laser guide component 2 can be evacuated through the vacuum device to form a vacuum environment, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the gas in the laser guide component 2 and reducing the probability of damage or erosion. The outer end of the vacuum tube 34 is connected to a threaded plug 35 for easy control.

[0056] An annular airbag 38 is fixedly connected in the annular groove on the inner ring surface of the sealing collar 31. The middle part of the inflation tube 39 of the annular airbag 38 is sealed and fixed in the circular tube hole of the sealing collar 31. The upper end of the inflation tube 39 is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe 40. The inflation tube 39 is inserted into the exhaust chamber of the exhaust pipe 40. The exhaust pipe 40 is closed at one end close to the first shell 3. The middle part of the exhaust pipe 40 is sealed and slidably arranged in the center hole of one end of the air cylinder 41. The exhaust pipe 40 is fixedly connected to the exhaust disk 41 at one end away from the first shell 3. 2. At the connection between the exhaust pipe 40 and the exhaust disk 42, one or more exhaust holes 43 connected to the exhaust chamber are arranged. The exhaust disk 42 sealingly and slidably arranged on the inner wall of the air cylinder 41 divides the interior of the air cylinder 41 into an exhaust zone and a buffer zone. The exhaust zone is connected to the exhaust chamber through the exhaust holes 43. The air cylinder 41 is fixedly connected to the bellows 7. A vent is arranged at the connection between the air cylinder 41 and the bellows 7. The vent is connected to the buffer zone. The sealing collar 31 and the exhaust pipe 40 are fixedly connected through a linkage bracket 44.

[0057] In order to further ensure the airtightness inside the laser guide component 2 and improve the sealing performance between the sealing ring 31 and the air duct 10, when the air duct 10 needs to be closed after use, the sealing ring 31 is controlled to contact with the air duct 10. An annular groove is provided on the inner ring surface of the sealing ring 31, and an annular air bag 38 is fixedly connected in the annular groove. When the sealing ring 31 is sleeved on the outer tube surface of the air duct 10, in addition to the rubber sealing ring on the inner side of the sealing ring 31, an automatically inflated or deflated annular air bag 38 is also designed. When the sealing ring 31 moves in the direction of the air duct 10, the sealing ring 31 drives the exhaust pipe 40 to move in the direction of the air duct 10 through the linkage bracket 44 and the inflation pipe 39. At this time, the exhaust pipe 40 drives the exhaust disk 42 to squeeze the gas or liquid in the exhaust area of ​​the air cylinder 41 into the exhaust chamber of the exhaust pipe 40 through the exhaust hole 43, and The air enters the inflation tube 39 through the exhaust chamber, and is then filled into the annular airbag 38 through the inflation tube 39, causing the annular airbag 38 to expand, thereby fitting tightly against the outer tube surface of the air duct 10, thereby achieving effective sealing of the air duct 10 and facilitating improving the sealing effect; when the air duct 10 needs to be opened, the sealing ring 31 is controlled to move in a direction away from the air duct 10, and the sealing ring 31 drives the exhaust tube 40 to move in a direction away from the air duct 10 through the linkage bracket 44 and the inflation tube 39. At this time, the exhaust tube 40 drives the exhaust disk 42 to move in the air cylinder 41 away from the air duct 10, thereby drawing the gas in the annular airbag 38 back to the exhaust area of ​​the air cylinder 41 through the inflation tube 39 and the exhaust tube 40, thereby releasing the seal of the air duct 10 and facilitating re-sealing and inflation. The sealing effect is good, and automatic sealing and good stability are achieved.

[0058] One end of the sliding body 24 away from the first shell 3 is hinged to the opening and closing link 45, and the other end of the opening and closing link 45 is hinged to the sliding baffle 46. The sliding baffle 46 is fixed to the lower end of the vertical sliding column 47. The middle part of the vertical sliding column 47 is slid on the horizontal baffle 48 at the bottom of the air duct 8. The sealing plug 49 fixed to the upper end of the vertical sliding column 47 seals and slides in the air duct 8 and seals at multiple air inlet holes 50 on the side of the air duct 8. The air inlet holes 50 are located in the bellows 7; a sealing compression spring 51 is fixed between the sealing plug 49 and the horizontal baffle 48. The arrangement of this structure ensures that the cooling gas can enter the bellows 7 only under a certain pressure. When the pressure of the cooling gas reaches a preset pressure, pressure is generated on the sealing plug 49, so that the blockage of the multiple air inlet holes 50 is gradually released. At this time, the cooling gas can enter the bellows 7 through the multiple air inlet holes 50, and when the sealing plug 49 slides in the air duct 8 and compresses the sealing compression spring 51, the sliding block frame 46 can also be driven by the vertical sliding column 47 to move downward. When the sliding block frame 46 moves downward, it can drive one end of the opening and closing connecting rod 45 to move downward, and the other end of the opening and closing connecting rod 45 drives the sliding body 24 to move in the direction away from the first shell 3, thereby realizing the automatic opening of the air duct 10, so that it does not need manual control and can be automatically opened and closed under the intake pressure of the cooling gas.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] See also Figure 1-15 , a laser processing method, applied to the laser processing system, the method comprising:

[0061] Determine the actual spot size of the required laser irradiation according to the processing requirements of different workpieces to be processed;

[0062] The second housing 4 is driven to slide in the first housing 3 by the focusing component 6, so as to change the distance between the laser emitter 1 and the focusing component 5, so that the emitted light spot size is consistent with the actual light spot size;

[0063] The laser emitter 1 is turned on, and the laser guiding component 2 is controlled to irradiate the laser emitted by the laser emitter 1 onto the workpiece to be processed.

[0064] A laser processing method of the present invention can change the distance between the laser emitter 1 and the focusing component 5 according to the processing requirements of different workpieces to be processed, so that the emitted spot size is consistent with the actual spot size, thereby ensuring the laser processing quality.

[0065] Embodiment 3

[0066] See also Figure 1-15A laser cutting machine includes the laser processing system and a machine tool for supporting and installing the laser processing system. The machine tool is also provided with a fixture for supporting the workpiece to be processed. The machine tool and the fixture are both common machines purchased on the market. They are prior art and will not be described in detail. The laser cutting machine of the present invention can perform laser processing on different workpieces to be processed.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0068] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0069] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A laser processing system, characterized in that: include: A laser emitter for emitting a laser beam and a laser guiding component for converging and guiding the laser beam to a processing station; the laser guiding component comprises: a first shell connected to the laser emitter at one end and a second shell slidably connected to the other end of the first shell, and an end of the second shell away from the first shell is connected to a focusing assembly; a focusing assembly is connected between the first shell and the second shell, so as to drive the second shell to slide in the first shell through the focusing assembly; The first shell has a sealed and fixed bellows on the side, an air duct is provided on the top of the bellows, an air regulating assembly is connected inside the bellows, and the air regulating assembly is connected to the air duct on the side of the first shell to control the opening or closing of the air duct; a plurality of air outlets are evenly fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second shell near one end of the focusing assembly and arranged toward the center of the second shell; The air outlet component comprises: a first tube body, a second tube body is vertically fixed at the lower end of the first tube body, a third tube body is fixedly connected below the second tube body and is tilted toward the center of the second shell; a plug body is sealingly and slidably connected inside the first tube body, and the plug body blocks the communication port between the first tube body and the second tube body; a shaft body fixedly connected to the outer end of the plug body slides on the stopper at the outer end of the first tube body; a return spring sleeved on the shaft body is located between the plug body and the stopper; The air regulating assembly comprises: a guide seat fixedly connected to the bellows, the guide seat being inserted into a guide slideway at one end of the bellows and being slidably provided with a sliding body, a connecting frame fixedly connected to the sliding body being slidably provided in a limiting groove of the sliding body, the connecting frame being connected to one end of a cut-off end cover which can be sealably slid on the air guide pipe; the other end of the cut-off end cover being connected to the bellows; a tensioning compression spring being fixedly connected between the sliding body and the inner side surface of the guide slideway; an on-off screw which is sealably rotatably connected on the guide seat passing through a central sliding hole of the sliding body and being threadedly connected to an opening and closing slideway which is slidably provided on the inner wall of the bellows; The cut-off end cover comprises: an end cover body fixedly connected to the connecting frame, and a sealing collar on the end cover body can be sealingly sleeved on the outer tube surface of the air duct; the end cover body can be sealed at the pipe opening of the air duct under the drive of the connecting frame, and drive the sealing collar to be sealingly sleeved on the outer tube surface of the air duct; The inner side of the end cover body is rotatably connected with a cylindrical filter screen coaxial with the sealing collar, and the cylindrical filter screen is slidably fitted on the inner tube surface of the air guide tube; the transverse conduit fixed at the center of the end cover body seals and slides in the pipe hole of the bellows, and the two ends of the vacuum tube sealed and rotated in the transverse conduit are respectively connected to the threaded plug located on the outer side of the bellows and the reinforcing bracket fixed in the cylindrical filter screen, and the return compression spring fixed between the end cover body and the inner side of the bellows is sleeved on the transverse conduit; An annular airbag is fixedly connected in the annular groove on the inner ring surface of the sealing collar, and the middle part of the inflation tube of the annular airbag is sealed and fixed in the circular tube hole of the sealing collar, the upper end of the inflation tube is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe, the inflation tube is inserted into the exhaust chamber of the exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe is closed at one end close to the first shell, the middle part of the exhaust pipe is seal-slidably arranged in the center hole at one end of the air cylinder, the end of the exhaust pipe away from the first shell is fixedly connected to the exhaust disk, and one or more exhaust holes connected to the exhaust chamber are arranged at the connection between the exhaust pipe and the exhaust disk, and the exhaust disk seal-slidably arranged on the inner wall of the air cylinder divides the inside of the air cylinder into an exhaust zone and a buffer zone; the exhaust zone is connected to the exhaust chamber through the exhaust hole; the air cylinder is fixedly connected to the bellows, and a vent is arranged at the connection between the air cylinder and the bellows, and the vent is connected to the buffer zone; the sealing collar and the exhaust pipe are fixedly connected by a linkage bracket; One end of the sliding body away from the first shell is hinged to the opening and closing connecting rod, and the other end of the opening and closing connecting rod is hinged to the sliding baffle frame, the sliding baffle frame is fixed to the lower end of the vertical sliding column, the middle part of the vertical sliding column is slid on the horizontal baffle frame at the bottom of the air duct, and the sealing plug fixed to the upper end of the vertical sliding column seals and slides in the air duct and seals at multiple air inlet holes on the side of the air duct, and the air inlet holes are located in the bellows; a sealing compression spring is fixed between the sealing plug and the horizontal baffle frame.

2. A laser processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nut threadedly connected to the outer end of the shaft is blocked on the outer side of the blocking member.

3. A laser processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet component includes: a conical air focusing head is arranged at the air outlet of the third tube body.

4. A laser processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing assembly includes: a focusing screw with one end rotated to the bellows, the middle part of the focusing screw is threadedly connected to the focusing side frame on the side of the second shell, and the locking nut threadedly connected to the other end of the focusing screw abuts against the end of the focusing side frame away from the bellows; an anti-loosening spring body is sleeved on the lever body of the focusing screw located between the bellows and the focusing side frame.

5. A laser processing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The focusing assembly includes a zoom lens fixed in the second housing.

6. A laser processing method, applied to a laser processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method includes: Determine the actual spot size of the required laser irradiation according to the processing requirements of different workpieces to be processed; The focusing assembly drives the second housing to slide in the first housing, thereby changing the distance between the laser emitter and the focusing assembly so that the emitted light spot size matches the actual light spot size; Turn on the laser transmitter and control the laser guide component to irradiate the laser emitted by the laser transmitter to the workpiece to be processed.

7. A laser cutting machine, characterized in that: It comprises the laser processing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, and a machine tool for supporting and installing the laser processing system, wherein the machine tool is also provided with a fixture for supporting a workpiece to be processed.

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