A method for interplanting forsythia suspensa with soapberry
By using seed pretreatment, soaking in dyeing agents, and immersion in alkaline solutions, the problem of inconsistent dormancy periods between soapberry and forsythia seeds was solved, resulting in improved seed germination rates and consistent germination times, and simplified field management.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410696882.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-05-31
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the dormancy periods of soapberry and forsythia seeds are inconsistent, resulting in inconsistent germination times. Direct sowing leads to low germination rates, and traditional treatment methods may damage the seeds or have poor effects.
The method involves seed pretreatment, soaking in a treatment agent, and immersion in an alkaline solution. The treatment agent removes the waxy layer on the seed surface, while the alkaline solution promotes seed germination. The specific steps include seed cleaning, treatment agent soaking, alkaline solution immersion, and sowing.
It effectively breaks seed dormancy, promotes consistent germination time for soapberry and forsythia, reduces the difficulty of field management, and is simple to operate without damaging the seeds.
Smart Images
Figure CN118696761B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of intercropping technology, and more particularly to a method for intercropping Sophora japonica with Forsythia suspensa. Background Technology
[0002] *Gleditsia sinensis* Lam., a deciduous tree belonging to the genus *Gleditsia* in the legume family, is mainly distributed in Northeast, East, and Central South China. *Gleditsia sinensis* has a wide range of uses; its pods, seeds, and thorns can all be used medicinally. It is a traditional Chinese medicine with expectorant, antitussive, orifice-opening, insecticidal, and nodule-dispersing effects. *Forsythia suspensa* (Thunb.) Vahl., a shrub belonging to the genus *Forsythia* in the Oleaceae family, is mainly distributed in central and northern my country. It is one of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicines in clinical practice, with effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and dispersing nodules. Intercropping *Gleditsia sinensis* and *Forsythia suspensa* can effectively improve land utilization, fully utilize soil nutrients and water, promote crop growth and development, and achieve reduced resource consumption and increased yield. At the same time, intercropping can also improve soil structure and increase soil fertility.
[0003] Forsythia is a shrub that grows relatively quickly and can be harvested in 2-3 years, while Gleditsia sinensis is a tree that grows slowly and typically takes six to eight years to flower and bear fruit. Currently, the new intercropping method for Gleditsia sinensis and Forsythia is to sow them simultaneously. However, both seeds have a certain degree of dormancy when sown simultaneously, leading to inconsistent germination times and increased management difficulty. Direct sowing also results in a low germination rate because the seeds of both Forsythia and Gleditsia sinensis are covered with a hard waxy coating, making it difficult for water to penetrate and hindering germination. Currently, the main method used is to soak the seeds in hot water to promote germination, but improper treatment may lead to seed dehydration or even damage.
[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for intercropping Sophora japonica and Forsythia suspensa, which promotes seed germination by breaking the dormancy period of Sophora japonica and Forsythia suspensa seeds, making their germination time consistent, thereby reducing the difficulty of field management. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for intercropping Sophora japonica with Forsythia suspensa, which solves the problem of difficult field management by promoting seed germination.
[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:
[0007] (1) Seed pretreatment: After drying mature and plump seeds of soapberry and forsythia in the sun and removing the pericarp, the seeds are cleaned and treated to obtain pretreated seeds.
[0008] (2) Seed treatment: After the pre-treated seeds are soaked in the treatment agent, they are taken out and then soaked in an alkaline solution. Then they are washed with clean water 2-3 times to obtain the treated seeds.
[0009] (3) Sowing and seedling raising: Sow the treated soapberry and forsythia seeds in rows for intercropping, and cover the seeds with soil after sowing;
[0010] (4) Field management: Fertilize and irrigate as needed to ensure the growth needs of the plants, weed, thin and fix the seedlings in a timely manner, and prune the plants regularly to ensure the good growth of the seedlings.
[0011] Furthermore, the soaking time of the soapberry seeds in step (1) is 2 to 3 hours.
[0012] Furthermore, the soaking time of the forsythia seeds in step (1) is 1.5 to 2 hours.
[0013] Furthermore, the specific operation of soaking in step (2) is as follows: soak the dyed seeds in an alkaline solution for 5 to 8 minutes, stirring continuously with a wooden stick during the process.
[0014] Furthermore, in step (2), the alkaline solution is selected as a 0.5 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.
[0015] Furthermore, the intercropping method in step (3) is as follows: the seeds of soapberry and forsythia are sown at a row spacing of 1 to 1.5 m and a plant spacing of 0.5 to 0.8 m, wherein soapberry and forsythia are sown in alternate rows.
[0016] Furthermore, the raw materials of the treatment agent are as follows: glutenin, dihydropine acetate oil, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, coconut oil alkyl amide, oleic acid, chitosan, and glutaraldehyde.
[0017] Furthermore, the proportions of the raw materials in the treatment agent are as follows: the mass ratio of glutenin, dihydropine acetate oil, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, coconut oil alkyl amide, oleic acid, and chitosan is (1.5-2):(1-1.2):(1.2-1.5):(0.5-0.8):(1.8-2):(4-5).
[0018] Furthermore, the preparation method of the treatment agent is as follows:
[0019] S1: Add dihydropine acetate oil to anhydrous ethanol and stir for 10-15 min at 300-350 r / min to obtain dihydropine acetate oil solution. Then add diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, coconut oil alkanolamide, and oleic acid to the dihydropine acetate oil solution and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution.
[0020] S2: Add glutenin to a 50wt% acetic acid solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain a glutenin solution. Then add chitosan and glutaraldehyde to the protein solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain a gel.
[0021] S3: Add the mixed solution to the gel and mix thoroughly to obtain the treatment agent.
[0022] Furthermore, the mass ratio of glutaraldehyde to chitosan added in S2 is 1:5.
[0023] This invention first involves immersing soapberry and forsythia seeds in a gel-like treatment agent. The gel-like agent encapsulates the seeds, ensuring each seed is evenly exposed to the agent, thus maximizing the treatment effect. Simultaneously, the gel's excellent permeability maintains normal seed respiration and metabolism, promoting dormancy breaking. Due to the waxy layer of the seed coat, the treatment agent has low adhesion to the seed surface. Therefore, glutenin is added to the treatment agent. The amino acid residues in glutenin can bind with the waxy molecules of the seed coat to form hydrogen bonds, allowing the treatment agent to adhere more tightly to the seed coat. At this point, the dihydropine acetate oil and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether in the treatment agent contact the seed coat, rapidly disrupting the ordered molecular arrangement of the waxy layer. This causes the wax molecules to dissolve quickly in the gel-like treatment agent. Furthermore, the coconut oil alkanolamide in the treatment agent increases the tension between waxy molecules, softening the waxy layer and facilitating the treatment agent's penetration, thus accelerating wax removal. Meanwhile, a certain amount of oleic acid was added to the treatment agent to further improve the solubility of wax molecules in the treatment agent. In addition, after the seeds were soaked in an alkaline solution and stirred, the oleic acid in the treatment agent could saponify with the alkaline solution, so that the treatment agent that was firmly attached to the seed surface during the soaking was hydrolyzed in the alkaline solution and quickly detached from the seed surface. The wax molecules that were dissolved during the soaking also detached along with the gel-like treatment agent.
[0024] Beneficial effects:
[0025] This invention effectively removes the waxy layer on the seed surface, breaks seed dormancy, and promotes seed germination, ensuring that the germination time of soapberry and forsythia is consistent, thus facilitating subsequent management and reducing the manpower and costs required for seedling cultivation. Furthermore, this invention is simple to operate, easy to implement, and the treatment method is gentle and will not damage the seeds. Attached Figure Description
[0026] Figure 1 Example 1: Intercropping of Sophora flavescens and Forsythia suspensa. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments:
[0028] Example 1:
[0029] Preparation of the treatment agent:
[0030] S1: Add 1g of dihydropine acetate oil to 100mL of anhydrous ethanol and stir for 10min at 300r / min to obtain a dihydropine acetate oil solution. Then add 1.2g of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, 0.5g of coconut oil alkanolamide, and 1.8g of oleic acid to the dihydropine acetate oil solution and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution.
[0031] S2: Add 1.5g of glutenin to 100mL of 50wt% acetic acid solution, stir well to obtain glutenin solution, then add 4g of chitosan and 0.8g of glutaraldehyde to the protein solution, stir well to obtain gel;
[0032] S3: Add the mixed solution to the gel and mix thoroughly to obtain the treatment agent.
[0033] Method of intercropping Sophora japonica with Forsythia suspensa:
[0034] (1) Seed pretreatment: After drying mature and plump seeds of soapberry and forsythia in the sun and removing the pericarp, the seeds are cleaned and treated to obtain pretreated seeds.
[0035] (2) Seed treatment: The pretreated seeds were soaked in the treatment agent. The soaking time for soapberry seeds was 2 hours and the soaking time for forsythia seeds was 1.5 hours. After soaking, the seeds were taken out and soaked in 0.5 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 5 minutes. During this time, the seeds were stirred continuously with a wooden stick and then rinsed twice with clean water to obtain the treated seeds.
[0036] (3) Sowing and seedling raising: The treated seeds of soapberry and forsythia are intercropped by row sowing. The seeds of soapberry and forsythia are sown at a row spacing of 1m and a plant spacing of 0.5m, with soapberry and forsythia sown in alternate rows. After sowing, the seeds are covered with soil.
[0037] (4) Field management: Fertilize and irrigate as needed to ensure the growth needs of the plants, weed, thin and fix the seedlings in a timely manner, and prune the plants regularly to ensure the good growth of the seedlings.
[0038] Example 2:
[0039] Preparation of the treatment agent:
[0040] S1: Add 1.1g of dihydropine acetate oil to 110mL of anhydrous ethanol and stir at 320r / min for 12min to obtain a dihydropine acetate oil solution. Then add 1.35g of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, 0.65g of coconut oil alkanolamide, and 1.9g of oleic acid to the dihydropine acetate oil solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain a mixed solution.
[0041] S2: Add 1.75g of glutenin to 112.5mL of 50wt% acetic acid solution, stir well to obtain glutenin solution, then add 4.5g of chitosan and 0.9g of glutaraldehyde to the protein solution, stir well to obtain gel;
[0042] S3: Add the mixed solution to the gel and mix thoroughly to obtain the treatment agent.
[0043] Method of intercropping Sophora japonica with Forsythia suspensa:
[0044] (1) Seed pretreatment: After drying mature and plump seeds of soapberry and forsythia in the sun and removing the pericarp, the seeds are cleaned and treated to obtain pretreated seeds.
[0045] (2) Seed treatment: The pretreated seeds were soaked in the treatment agent. The soaking time for soapberry seeds was 2.5h and the soaking time for forsythia seeds was 1.75h. After soaking, the seeds were taken out and soaked in 0.5mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 6.5min. During this time, the seeds were stirred continuously with a wooden stick and then rinsed twice with clean water to obtain the treated seeds.
[0046] (3) Sowing and seedling raising: The treated seeds of soapberry and forsythia were sown in rows for intercropping. The seeds of soapberry and forsythia were sown at a row spacing of 1.25m and a plant spacing of 0.65m, with soapberry and forsythia sown in alternate rows. After sowing, the seeds were covered with soil.
[0047] (4) Field management: Fertilize and irrigate as needed to ensure the growth needs of the plants, weed, thin and fix the seedlings in a timely manner, and prune the plants regularly to ensure the good growth of the seedlings.
[0048] Example 3:
[0049] Preparation of the treatment agent:
[0050] S1: Add 1.2g of dihydropine acetate oil to 120mL of anhydrous ethanol and stir at 350r / min for 15min to obtain a dihydropine acetate oil solution. Then add 1.5g of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, 0.8g of coconut oil alkanolamide, and 2g of oleic acid to the dihydropine acetate oil solution and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution.
[0051] S2: Add 2g of glutenin to 125mL of 50wt% acetic acid solution, stir well to obtain glutenin solution, then add 5g of chitosan and 1g of glutaraldehyde to the protein solution, stir well to obtain gel;
[0052] S3: Add the mixed solution to the gel and mix thoroughly to obtain the treatment agent.
[0053] Method of intercropping Sophora japonica with Forsythia suspensa:
[0054] (1) Seed pretreatment: After drying mature and plump seeds of soapberry and forsythia in the sun and removing the pericarp, the seeds are cleaned and treated to obtain pretreated seeds.
[0055] (2) Seed treatment: The pretreated seeds were soaked in the treatment agent. The soaking time for soapberry seeds was 3 hours and the soaking time for forsythia seeds was 2 hours. After soaking, the seeds were taken out and soaked in 0.5 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 8 minutes. During this time, the seeds were stirred continuously with a wooden stick and then rinsed with clean water 3 times to obtain the treated seeds.
[0056] (3) Sowing and seedling raising: The treated seeds of soapberry and forsythia are sown in rows for intercropping. The seeds of soapberry and forsythia are sown at a row spacing of 1.5m and a plant spacing of 0.8m, with soapberry and forsythia sown in alternate rows. After sowing, the seeds are covered with soil.
[0057] (4) Field management: Fertilize and irrigate as needed to ensure the growth needs of the plants, weed, thin and fix the seedlings in a timely manner, and prune the plants regularly to ensure the good growth of the seedlings.
[0058] Comparative Example 1:
[0059] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the raw materials used to prepare the treatment agent; specifically, glutenin is not added. The specific method is as follows:
[0060] S1: Add 1g of dihydropine acetate oil to 100mL of anhydrous ethanol and stir for 10min at 300r / min to obtain a dihydropine acetate oil solution. Then add 1.2g of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, 0.5g of coconut oil alkanolamide, and 1.8g of oleic acid to the dihydropine acetate oil solution and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution.
[0061] S2: Add 4g chitosan and 0.8g glutaraldehyde to 100mL of 50wt% acetic acid solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain a gel;
[0062] S3: Add the mixed solution to the gel and mix thoroughly to obtain the treatment agent.
[0063] The method of intercropping Gleditsia sinensis with Forsythia suspensa in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.
[0064] Comparative Example 2:
[0065] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the raw materials used to prepare the treatment agent; specifically, dihydropine acetate oil is not added. The specific method is as follows:
[0066] S1: Add 1.2g of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether to 100mL of anhydrous ethanol and stir at 300r / min for 10min to obtain a diethylene glycol monoethyl ether solution. Then add 0.5g of coconut oil alkanolamide and 1.8g of oleic acid to the dihydropine acetate oil solution and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution.
[0067] S2: Add 1.5g of glutenin to 100mL of 50wt% acetic acid solution, stir well to obtain glutenin solution, then add 4g of chitosan and 0.8g of glutaraldehyde to the protein solution, stir well to obtain gel;
[0068] S3: Add the mixed solution to the gel and mix thoroughly to obtain the treatment agent.
[0069] The method of intercropping Gleditsia sinensis with Forsythia suspensa in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.
[0070] Comparative Example 3:
[0071] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the raw materials used to prepare the treatment agent; specifically, coconut oil alkyl alcohol amide is not added. The specific method is as follows:
[0072] S1: Add 1g of dihydropine acetate oil to 100mL of anhydrous ethanol and stir for 10min at 300r / min to obtain a dihydropine acetate oil solution. Then add 1.2g of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether and 1.8g of oleic acid to the dihydropine acetate oil solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain a mixed solution.
[0073] S2: Add 1.5g of glutenin to 100mL of 50wt% acetic acid solution, stir well to obtain glutenin solution, then add 4g of chitosan and 0.8g of glutaraldehyde to the protein solution, stir well to obtain gel;
[0074] S3: Add the mixed solution to the gel and mix thoroughly to obtain the treatment agent.
[0075] The method of intercropping Gleditsia sinensis with Forsythia suspensa in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.
[0076] Comparative Example 4:
[0077] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the raw materials used to prepare the treatment agent; specifically, oleic acid is not added. The specific method is as follows:
[0078] S1: Add 1g of dihydropine acetate oil to 100mL of anhydrous ethanol and stir at 300r / min for 10min to obtain a dihydropine acetate oil solution. Then add 1.2g of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether and 0.5g of coconut oil alkanolamide to the dihydropine acetate oil solution and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution.
[0079] S2: Add 1.5g of glutenin to 100mL of 50wt% acetic acid solution, stir well to obtain glutenin solution, then add 4g of chitosan and 0.8g of glutaraldehyde to the protein solution, stir well to obtain gel;
[0080] S3: Add the mixed solution to the gel and mix thoroughly to obtain the treatment agent.
[0081] The method of intercropping Gleditsia sinensis with Forsythia suspensa in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.
[0082] Comparative Example 5:
[0083] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the preparation process of the treatment agent. Specifically, the treatment agent is prepared as a solution, i.e., chitosan and glutaraldehyde are not added. The specific method is as follows:
[0084] S1: Add 1g of dihydropine acetate oil to 200mL of anhydrous ethanol and stir at 300r / min for 10min to obtain a dihydropine acetate oil solution. Then add 1.2g of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, 0.5g of coconut oil alkanolamide, 1.8g of oleic acid, and 1.5g of glutenin to the dihydropine acetate oil solution and stir evenly to obtain the treatment agent.
[0085] The method of intercropping Gleditsia sinensis with Forsythia suspensa in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.
[0086] Comparative Example 6:
[0087] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the seed treatment process. Specifically, the seeds were soaked in a 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, as follows:
[0088] (1) Seed pretreatment: After drying mature and plump seeds of soapberry and forsythia in the sun and removing the pericarp, the seeds are cleaned and treated to obtain pretreated seeds.
[0089] (2) Seed treatment: The pretreated seeds were soaked in the treatment agent. The soaking time for soapberry seeds was 2 hours and the soaking time for forsythia seeds was 1.5 hours. After soaking, the seeds were taken out and soaked in 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 5 minutes. During this time, the seeds were stirred continuously with a wooden stick and then rinsed twice with clean water to obtain the treated seeds.
[0090] (3) Sowing and seedling raising: The treated seeds of soapberry and forsythia are intercropped by row sowing. The seeds of soapberry and forsythia are sown at a row spacing of 1m and a plant spacing of 0.5m, with soapberry and forsythia sown in alternate rows. After sowing, the seeds are covered with soil.
[0091] (4) Field management: Fertilize and irrigate as needed to ensure the growth needs of the plants, weed, thin and fix the seedlings in a timely manner, and prune the plants regularly to ensure the good growth of the seedlings.
[0092] The treatment agent used in this comparative example is the same as that used in Example 1.
[0093] Comparative Example 7:
[0094] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the seed treatment process. Specifically, the seeds were soaked in a 0.1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, as follows:
[0095] (1) Seed pretreatment: After drying mature and plump seeds of soapberry and forsythia in the sun and removing the pericarp, the seeds are cleaned and treated to obtain pretreated seeds.
[0096] (2) Seed treatment: The pretreated seeds were soaked in the treatment agent. The soaking time for soapberry seeds was 2 hours and the soaking time for forsythia seeds was 1.5 hours. After soaking, the seeds were taken out and soaked in 0.5 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 5 minutes. During this time, the seeds were stirred continuously with a wooden stick and then rinsed twice with clean water to obtain the treated seeds.
[0097] (3) Sowing and seedling raising: The treated seeds of soapberry and forsythia are intercropped by row sowing. The seeds of soapberry and forsythia are sown at a row spacing of 1m and a plant spacing of 0.5m, with soapberry and forsythia sown in alternate rows. After sowing, the seeds are covered with soil.
[0098] (4) Field management: Fertilize and irrigate as needed to ensure the growth needs of the plants, weed, thin and fix the seedlings in a timely manner, and prune the plants regularly to ensure the good growth of the seedlings.
[0099] The treatment agent used in this comparative example is the same as that used in Example 1.
[0100] Comparative Example 8:
[0101] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the seed treatment process. Specifically, the seeds are not treated with any treatment agent, but are directly soaked in an alkaline solution. The specific method is as follows:
[0102] (1) Seed pretreatment: After drying mature and plump seeds of soapberry and forsythia in the sun and removing the pericarp, the seeds are cleaned and treated to obtain pretreated seeds.
[0103] (2) Seed treatment: The pretreated seeds were soaked in a 0.5 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 5 min, and stirred continuously with a wooden stick during the soaking process. The seeds were then rinsed twice with clean water to obtain the treated seeds.
[0104] (3) Sowing and seedling raising: The treated seeds of soapberry and forsythia are intercropped by row sowing. The seeds of soapberry and forsythia are sown at a row spacing of 1m and a plant spacing of 0.5m, with soapberry and forsythia sown in alternate rows. After sowing, the seeds are covered with soil.
[0105] (4) Field management: Fertilize and irrigate as needed to ensure the growth needs of the plants, weed, thin and fix the seedlings in a timely manner, and prune the plants regularly to ensure the good growth of the seedlings.
[0106] Comparative Example 9:
[0107] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the seed treatment process. Specifically, the seeds are treated using a boiling water scalding method, as detailed below:
[0108] (1) Seed pretreatment: After drying mature and plump seeds of soapberry and forsythia in the sun and removing the pericarp, the seeds are cleaned and treated to obtain pretreated seeds.
[0109] (2) Seed treatment: The pretreated seeds are scalded in boiling water three times.
[0110] (3) Sowing and seedling raising: The treated seeds of soapberry and forsythia are intercropped by row sowing. The seeds of soapberry and forsythia are sown at a row spacing of 1m and a plant spacing of 0.5m, with soapberry and forsythia sown in alternate rows. After sowing, the seeds are covered with soil.
[0111] (4) Field management: Fertilize and irrigate as needed to ensure the growth needs of the plants, weed, thin and fix the seedlings in a timely manner, and prune the plants regularly to ensure the good growth of the seedlings.
[0112] Blank comparison:
[0113] The blank control was compared with Example 1, the only difference being the seed treatment process. Specifically, the seeds were treated with water, and the specific method is as follows:
[0114] (1) Seed pretreatment: After drying mature and plump seeds of soapberry and forsythia in the sun and removing the pericarp, the seeds are cleaned and treated to obtain pretreated seeds.
[0115] (2) Seed treatment: The pretreated seeds were soaked in clean water. The soaking time for soapberry seeds was 2 hours and the soaking time for forsythia seeds was 1.5 hours. After soaking, the seeds were taken out and soaked in 0.5 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 5 minutes. During this time, the seeds were stirred continuously with a wooden stick and then rinsed twice with clean water to obtain the treated seeds.
[0116] (3) Sowing and seedling raising: The treated seeds of soapberry and forsythia are intercropped by row sowing. The seeds of soapberry and forsythia are sown at a row spacing of 1m and a plant spacing of 0.5m, with soapberry and forsythia sown in alternate rows. After sowing, the seeds are covered with soil.
[0117] (4) Field management: Fertilize and irrigate as needed to ensure the growth needs of the plants, weed, thin and fix the seedlings in a timely manner, and prune the plants regularly to ensure the good growth of the seedlings.
[0118] experiment:
[0119] Mature and plump soapberry seeds were sun-dried and the pericarps were removed. The seeds were then treated according to the methods described in Example 1, Comparative Examples 1-9, and the blank control. An experimental site was selected and divided into 11 experimental plots. The pretreated soapberry seeds were intercropped with forsythia seeds. Sowing was carried out on April 1st, with 100 soapberry seeds and 100 forsythia seeds sown in each experimental plot. The experiment was repeated three times. The emergence time of soapberry and forsythia was recorded, and the germination rate was recorded 15 days after sowing. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0120] Table 1
[0121]
[0122] Analysis of Table 1 yields the following results:
[0123] 1. Compared with Example 1, Comparative Examples 1-4 used different raw materials to prepare the treatment agents. Comparative Example 1 did not contain glutenin, resulting in a lower germination rate and longer germination time for its seeds. This is because the hydrophobicity of the waxy layer on the seed coat prevented the treatment agent from adhering well to the seeds, leading to insufficient contact between the active ingredients in the treatment agent and the seed. Consequently, the treatment agent was less effective at removing the waxy layer, inhibiting seed germination. Comparative Example 2 did not contain dihydropine acetate oil, reducing the dissolving effect of the treatment agent on the waxy layer. This resulted in incomplete dissolution of the wax, leaving a small amount adhering to the seed coat, inhibiting germination and causing a longer germination time and lower germination rate. Comparative Example 3 did not contain coconut oil alkanolamide, resulting in a lower germination rate and longer germination time. This may be because the waxy layer was too hard, preventing the treatment agent from penetrating effectively and causing a slower dissolution rate. Comparative Example 4, which did not contain oleic acid, had a lower germination rate. This is because oleic acid promotes the dissolution of waxes, and the rate of wax dissolution is lower in Comparative Example 4 without oleic acid. Furthermore, due to the absence of oleic acid, the treatment agent adhering to the seed coat could not be effectively removed. The treatment agent adhering to the coat would affect seed respiration, resulting in a longer dormancy period for the seeds.
[0124] 2. In Comparative Example 5, compared with Example 1, the treatment agent was prepared as a solution, i.e., without the addition of chitosan and glutaraldehyde. When the seeds were soaked in the solution of the treatment agent, the respiration of the seeds decreased, the metabolic activity slowed down, and the seeds lacked sufficient energy to break dormancy, thus resulting in a decrease in the germination rate of the seeds.
[0125] 3. In Comparative Example 6, compared with Example 1, the seeds were soaked in a 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution. Excessively high concentrations of sodium hydroxide solution can damage the physiological activity of the seeds, thereby inhibiting seed germination.
[0126] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 7, which was treated with a 0.1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, showed insufficient saponification effect. The treatment agent and wax layer adhering to the seed surface could not be effectively removed, thus affecting seed germination.
[0127] 4. The difference between Comparative Examples 8-9 and the blank control compared to Example 1 lies in the seed treatment methods. Comparative Example 8 did not treat the seeds with any treatment agent; it was directly soaked in an alkaline solution. While alkaline treatment may saponify and dissolve the waxy molecules, its effect is poor, as the waxy layer cannot be completely removed, and therefore the germination rate is not significantly improved. Comparative Example 9 used boiling water to treat the seeds, which can soften or damage the seed coat, promoting water absorption and aeration, thereby promoting germination. However, its effect is worse than that of Example 1 because high-temperature treatment may damage the internal physiological activities of the seeds, thus affecting germination. The blank control was treated directly with water; the waxy layer was not removed, resulting in low water absorption and poor germination, low germination rate, and a long emergence interval, increasing the difficulty of field management.
[0128] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Technical aspects, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this invention are all well-known technologies.
Claims
1. A method for intercropping Gleditsia sinensis and Forsythia suspensa, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) Seed pretreatment: The seeds of soapberry and forsythia are dried, the pericarp is removed, and they are cleaned to obtain pretreated seeds; (2) Seed treatment; After the pretreated seeds are soaked in the treatment agent, they are taken out and then soaked in an alkaline solution, and then rinsed with clean water to obtain the treated seeds; (3) Sowing and seedling raising: The treated seeds are sown in rows for intercropping; (4) Field management: Fertilize, irrigate, and prune the plants regularly as needed; The proportions of the raw materials in the treatment agent are as follows: the mass ratio of glutenin, dihydropine acetate oil, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, coconut oil alkylamide, oleic acid, and chitosan is (1.5-2):(1-1.2):(1.2-1.5):(0.5-0.8):(1.8-2):(4-5). The preparation method of the treatment agent is as follows: S1: Add dihydropine acetate oil to anhydrous ethanol and stir for 10-15 min at 300-350 r / min to obtain dihydropine acetate oil solution. Then add diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, coconut oil alkanolamide, and oleic acid to the dihydropine acetate oil solution and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution. S2: Add glutenin to a 50wt% acetic acid solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain a glutenin solution. Then add chitosan and glutaraldehyde to the protein solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain a gel. S3: Add the mixed solution to the gel and mix thoroughly to obtain the treatment agent; The mass ratio of glutaraldehyde added to chitosan in S2 is 1:
5.
2. The method for intercropping Gleditsia sinensis and Forsythia suspensa according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soaking time for the soapberry seeds in step (2) is 2 to 3 hours.
3. A method for intercropping Gleditsia sinensis and Forsythia suspensa according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (2), the soaking time for Forsythia seeds is 1.5 to 2 hours.
4. A method for intercropping Gleditsia sinensis and Forsythia suspensa according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific operation of soaking in step (2) is as follows: soak the dyed seeds in an alkaline solution for 5 to 8 minutes, stirring continuously with a wooden stick during the process.
5. A method for intercropping Gleditsia sinensis and Forsythia suspensa according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (2), the alkaline solution used is a 0.5 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.
6. A method for intercropping Gleditsia sinensis and Forsythia suspensa according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intercropping method in step (3) is as follows: Sow the seeds of soapberry and forsythia at a row spacing of 1-1.5m and a plant spacing of 0.5-0.8m, with soapberry and forsythia sown in alternate rows.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Treating grains and the like with acidic solution of lignosulfonate
US3615653A
Seed coatings
US4249343A