An incinerator for burning and treating domestic garbage on plateaus

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of incinerators, and discloses an incinerator for incineration of plateau domestic garbage, comprising a furnace body and a combustion chamber arranged in the furnace body, wherein a plurality of grate assemblies are arranged in sequence in a downwardly inclined manner along the conveying direction of garbage in the combustion chamber, the grate assembly comprises a grate frame, a movable grate sheet and a fixed grate sheet, a plurality of fixed grate sheets are arranged equidistantly on the grate frame along the conveying direction of garbage, the fixed grate sheet is hinged to the side wall of the combustion chamber by a first torsion spring, a movable grate sheet is arranged between two adjacent fixed grate sheets, the movable grate sheet is hinged to the grate frame by a second torsion spring, the grate frame has the freedom to move horizontally close to or away from a slag discharge channel, and a plurality of movable grate sheets are contacted with a plurality of fixed grate sheets in sequence in the form of steps. The residence time of garbage on the grate is prolonged without affecting the conveying of garbage, so that the garbage flows step by step, and the combustion effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of incinerators, and in particular to an incinerator used for combustion treatment of plateau domestic garbage. Background Art

[0002] In the current waste incineration technology, incinerators are basically used to burn the waste. The waste flows and burns on the grate of the incinerator. The combustion areas of the grate are the initial combustion area, the middle combustion area and the later combustion area along the conveying direction of the waste. The waste is mainly burned at high temperature in the middle combustion area, and the combustion residue enters the later combustion area to continue burning. At present, the grate structure of the incinerator is mostly impeller type or chain plate type. The waste is transported by rotating impeller grates or chain plate grates. At the same time, the grates are arranged downwardly tilted, so that the waste has a good flow effect. However, the existing grate structure will expand the flow effect of the waste, resulting in a greatly shortened residence time of the waste on the grate. Even the waste piled up in a high place will collapse and accelerate downward movement under the drive of the grate, causing some waste to pass through the middle combustion area and enter the later combustion area, resulting in insufficient combustion. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an incinerator for the combustion and treatment of plateau domestic waste, which prolongs the residence time of the waste on the grate without affecting the transportation of the waste, allows the waste to flow step by step, and improves the combustion effect.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: an incinerator for the combustion and treatment of domestic waste in plateaus, comprising a furnace body and a combustion chamber arranged in the furnace body, a grate assembly being arranged in the combustion chamber, a slag discharge channel being provided at the end of the grate assembly, a plurality of grate assemblies being provided, the plurality of grate assemblies being arranged in sequence obliquely downward in the direction of conveying waste, the grate assembly comprising a grate rack, movable grate sheets and fixed grate sheets, the grate rack being obliquely arranged in the combustion chamber, a plurality of fixed grate sheets being equidistantly provided on the grate rack in the direction of conveying waste, the The fixed grate slice is hinged on the side wall of the combustion chamber by a first torsion spring, the movable grate slice is arranged between two adjacent fixed grate slices, the movable grate slice is hinged on the grate frame by a second torsion spring, the grate frame has the freedom to move horizontally close to or away from the slag discharge channel, a plurality of movable grate slices and a plurality of fixed grate slices are arranged in contact with each other in the form of steps, the fixed grate slices always have a downward deflection tendency under the action of the first torsion spring, and the movable grate slices always have a downward deflection tendency under the action of the second torsion spring;

[0005] The top surface of the movable grate sheet is provided with a linear portion and an arc portion in sequence along the conveying direction of garbage, the high end of the linear portion is connected to the arc portion, the arc portion bulges upward to form an arc surface, and the arc surface height of the arc portion gradually decreases along the direction close to the slag discharge channel, and the arc portion is provided with multiple steps along the arc direction, the top surface structure of the fixed grate sheet is the same as the top surface structure of the movable grate sheet, a plurality of first air inlet holes are penetrated on the steps of the movable grate sheet, and a plurality of second air inlet holes are penetrated at the linear portion of the fixed grate sheet;

[0006] The bottom of the movable grate piece is concave to form an arc-shaped groove, and the end of the arc-shaped groove is connected to the end of the arc-shaped portion to form an abutment surface, and the abutment surface contacts the top surface of the fixed grate piece.

[0007] Furthermore, an arc-shaped hinge body is fixed to one end of the bottom of the movable grate plate away from the arc-shaped portion, and a first hinge shaft is fixedly passed through one end of the arc-shaped hinge body away from the movable grate plate, and both ends of the first hinge shaft are provided with the second torsion springs, and a first torsion spring hole is opened on the side wall of the grate frame corresponding to the position of the second torsion spring, and the second torsion spring is adapted in the first torsion spring hole.

[0008] Furthermore, an arc-shaped body is fixed at the bottom of the fixed grate plate, and a second hinge shaft is fixedly penetrated at one end of the arc-shaped body away from the fixed grate plate, and both ends of the second hinge shaft are fitted with the first torsion spring, and a strip groove for the second hinge shaft to pass through is formed on the side wall of the grate frame, and a second torsion spring hole is formed on the side wall of the furnace body corresponding to the position of the first torsion spring, and the first torsion spring is adapted to be fitted in the second torsion spring hole.

[0009] Furthermore, a horizontal telescopic mechanism is provided at the bottom of the furnace frame, and a plurality of horizontal telescopic mechanisms of the furnace frame are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the furnace body, the horizontal telescopic mechanism comprises a screw and a sliding rod, the screw is horizontally arranged along the garbage conveying direction, the screw is rotatably connected to the furnace body, the sliding rod is threadedly mounted on the screw, the end of the sliding rod away from the screw is connected to the furnace frame, a driving chamber is provided at the end of the furnace body away from the slag discharge channel, one end of the screw extends to the driving chamber and is connected to a driven sprocket, a driving shaft is provided below the screw, the driving shaft is arranged close to the bottom of the furnace body, a driving sprocket is mounted on the driving shaft, the driving sprocket is connected to the driven sprocket through a chain transmission, a driving mechanism is provided in the driving chamber, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the driving shaft to rotate.

[0010] Further, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a main shaft, a forward rotating shaft, a reverse rotating shaft and an intermediate shaft, the main shaft, the forward rotating shaft, the reverse rotating shaft and the intermediate shaft are all rotatably connected to the furnace body, the forward rotating shaft and the reverse rotating shaft are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the driving shaft, the output shaft of the motor is connected to a first gear, the main shaft is provided with a second gear and two third gears, the first gear meshes with the second gear, the forward rotating shaft, the reverse rotating shaft and the intermediate shaft are respectively provided with a fourth gear, a fifth gear and a sixth gear, one of the third gears meshes with the fourth gear, the other third gear meshes with the sixth gear, the sixth gear meshes with the fifth gear, the driving shaft is provided with a transmission gear, the forward rotating shaft and the reverse rotating shaft are respectively provided with a forward intermittent gear and a reverse intermittent gear, the forward intermittent gear and the reverse intermittent gear alternately mesh with the transmission gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the movable grate plate can be moved to a position where the first air inlet and the second air inlet are not blocked, and a dredging mechanism is provided under each grate assembly, and the dredging mechanism includes a dredging lifting rod, a dredging plate and a long dredging needle. The dredging lifting rod has the freedom to move in the vertical direction, and the top of the dredging lifting rod is fixedly connected to the dredging plate. The long dredging needle is fixed at the top of the dredging plate corresponding to the positions of the first air inlet and the second air inlet, and the top of the long dredging needle is formed with a sharp portion.

[0012] Furthermore, a lifting cylinder is connected to the bottom of the dredging lifting rod, a support leg is fixed to the bottom of the furnace body, the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder is vertically installed on the furnace body, and the telescopic shaft of the lifting cylinder penetrates into the combustion chamber and connects to the bottom of the dredging lifting rod.

[0013] Furthermore, one of the grate assemblies is correspondingly provided with a dredging positioning mechanism, and the dredging positioning mechanism includes a positioning baffle, a positioning long rod and a cylinder, the cylinder is horizontally installed on the outside of the furnace body, the telescopic shaft of the cylinder is connected to one end of the positioning long rod, and the other end of the positioning long rod penetrates into the combustion chamber and is connected to the positioning baffle. A baffle is fixed to the bottom of the furnace frame of the grate assembly, and when the positioning baffle contacts the baffle at a specified position, the first air inlet and the second air inlet are not blocked.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner wall of the second gear is provided with a plurality of annular grooves along its own axial direction, and a plurality of graphene rings are fixedly mounted on the main shaft, and the plurality of graphene rings correspond to the plurality of annular grooves one by one, and the graphene rings are interference fit in the annular grooves through their own deformation.

[0015] Furthermore, a photoelectric sensor is arranged below the reverse intermittent gear, the detection direction of the photoelectric sensor is vertically upward, and the distance between the detection light of the photoelectric sensor and the center of the reverse intermittent gear is between the top circle radius and the root circle radius of the reverse intermittent gear.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] During combustion, the abutment surface of the movable grate piece is close to the end position of the linear part of the fixed grate piece, so that the linear part flows out of the space where the garbage temporarily stays. Since the high end of the linear part is connected to the arc part, the linear part is tilted upward along the conveying direction of the garbage, and stays on the linear part under the gravity of the garbage itself, while the garbage on the linear part prevents the flow of garbage on the arc part, thereby controlling the burning time of the garbage on the grate assembly. After burning for a certain period of time, the movable grate piece moves close to the arc part of the fixed grate piece below, and the garbage on the linear part is pushed downward by the movable grate piece, and the guidance of the arc part makes the garbage flow smoother, and the garbage continues to burn after pushing, and this is repeated, so that the garbage gradually moves close to the slag discharge channel, and finally the combustion products are discharged through the slag discharge channel, thereby controlling the burning time of the garbage, making the garbage flow step by step for combustion, improving the combustion effect, and making the combustion more complete. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an incinerator for burning and treating domestic waste in plateaus according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a movable grate in an incinerator for burning and treating domestic waste in plateaus according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixed grate plate in an incinerator for burning and treating domestic waste in plateaus according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a grate assembly in an incinerator for burning and treating domestic waste in plateaus according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram of a driving chamber in an incinerator for burning domestic waste in plateaus according to the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 7 A partial schematic diagram of a driving chamber in an incinerator for burning domestic waste in plateaus according to the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the second gear and the main shaft in an incinerator for burning and treating domestic waste in plateaus according to the present invention;

[0026] In the figure, 1-furnace body, 2-combustion chamber, 3-furnace frame, 4-movable grate plate, 5-fixed grate plate, 6-slag discharge channel, 7-first torsion spring, 8-second torsion spring, 9-linear part, 10-arc-shaped part, 11-step, 12-first air inlet hole, 13-arc-shaped groove, 14-abutment surface, 15-arc-shaped hinge body, 16-first hinge shaft, 17-first torsion spring hole, 18-arc-shaped body, 19-second hinge shaft, 20-strip groove, 21-screw, 22-sliding rod, 23-driving chamber, 24-driven sprocket, 25-driving shaft, 26-driving sprocket, 27-chain, 28-motor , 29-main shaft, 30-forward rotating shaft, 31-reverse rotating shaft, 32-intermediate shaft, 33-first gear, 34-second gear, 35-third gear, 36-fourth gear, 37-fifth gear, 38-sixth gear, 39-transmission gear, 40-forward intermittent gear, 41-reverse intermittent gear, 42-second air inlet, 43-lifting cylinder, 44-dredging plate, 45-long dredging needle, 48-dredging lifting rod, 49-support foot, 51-positioning baffle, 52-positioning long rod, 53-cylinder, 54-baffle, 55-annular groove, 56-graphene ring, 57-photoelectric sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

[0028] Embodiment 1: Figures 1 to 8As shown, an incinerator for the combustion and treatment of domestic garbage in plateaus comprises a furnace body 1 and a combustion chamber 2 arranged in the furnace body 1, a grate assembly is arranged in the combustion chamber 2, a slag discharge channel 6 is provided at the end of the grate assembly of the combustion chamber 2, a feeding pipe is provided at the head position of the grate assembly of the combustion chamber 2, and garbage falls onto the grate assembly through the feeding pipe, a plurality of grate assemblies are arranged, and the plurality of grate assemblies are arranged in sequence obliquely downward along the conveying direction of the garbage, the grate assembly comprises a grate frame 3, movable grate slices 4 and fixed grate slices 5, the grate frame 3 is obliquely arranged in the combustion chamber 2, a plurality of fixed grate slices 5 are equidistantly arranged on the grate frame 3 along the conveying direction of the garbage, the fixed grate slices 5 are hinged to the side wall of the combustion chamber 2 by a first torsion spring 7, a movable grate slice 4 is arranged between two adjacent fixed grate slices 5, the movable grate slice 4 is hinged to the grate frame 3 by a second torsion spring 8, and the grate frame 3 has a function of being close to or away from the slag discharge channel 6 The freedom of horizontal movement, multiple movable grate slices 4 and multiple fixed grate slices 5 are contacted and arranged in sequence in the form of steps. Under the action of the first torsion spring 7, the fixed grate slice 5 always has a downward deflection movement tendency, and under the action of the second torsion spring 8, the movable grate slice 4 always has a downward deflection movement tendency. Under the action of the first torsion spring 7 and the second torsion spring 8, the fixed grate slice 5 and the movable grate slice 4 can be in contact with each other and pressed tightly to form a tight grate structure to prevent garbage from flowing away from the gap between the fixed grate slice 5 and the movable grate slice 4. At the same time, the fixed grate slice 5 and the movable grate slice 4 are in compensating contact, so that the movable grate slice 4 can move and push the garbage to flow smoothly without interfering with the fixed grate slice 5. The fixed grate slice 5 in the grate assembly close to the slag discharge channel 6 is released at the top of the slag discharge channel 6, which supports the fixed grate slice 5 and the movable grate slice 4 above. The top surface of the movable grate sheet 4 is provided with a linear portion 9 and an arc portion 10 in sequence along the conveying direction of the garbage. The high end of the linear portion 9 is connected to the arc portion 10. The arc portion 10 bulges upward to form an arc surface, and the arc surface height of the arc portion 10 gradually decreases along the direction close to the slag discharge channel 6. The arc portion 10 is provided with multiple steps 11 along the arc direction. The top surface structure of the fixed grate sheet 5 is the same as that of the movable grate sheet 4. A plurality of first air inlet holes 12 are penetrated through the steps 11 of the movable grate sheet 4. A plurality of second air inlet holes 42 are penetrated through the linear portion 9 of the fixed grate sheet 5. A plurality of air inlet devices are installed on the side wall of the combustion chamber 2. Oxygen is supplied to the combustion chamber 2 through the air inlet devices. The gas flows to the top of the grate assembly through the second air inlet holes 42 and the first air inlet holes 12, so that the garbage has sufficient oxygen for combustion.During combustion, the contact surface 14 of the movable grate sheet 4 is close to the end position of the linear portion 9 of the fixed grate sheet 5, so that the linear portion 9 flows out of the space where the garbage is temporarily retained. Since the high end of the linear portion 9 is connected to the arc portion 10, the linear portion 9 is tilted upward along the conveying direction of the garbage, that is, it is in a tilted state, and the garbage stays on the linear portion under its own gravity, while the garbage on the linear portion 9 prevents the flow of the garbage on the arc portion 10, thereby controlling the burning time of the garbage on the grate assembly. After burning for a certain period of time, the movable grate sheet 4 is close to the arc portion 10 of the fixed grate sheet 5 below. Move, under the action of the first torsion spring 7 and the second torsion spring 8, the fixed grate piece 5 and the movable grate piece 4 can adapt to deflection, so that the movement of the movable grate piece 4 is smoother. At the same time, the close contact between the movable grate piece 4 and the fixed grate piece 5 is ensured, and the garbage on the linear part 9 is pushed downward by the movable grate piece 4, and the guidance of the arc part 10 makes the garbage flow smoother. After pushing, the garbage continues to burn, and this is repeated, so that the garbage gradually moves closer to the slag discharge channel 6, and finally the combustion material is discharged through the slag discharge channel 6, so that the burning time of the garbage can be controlled. The garbage is made to flow step by step for combustion, which improves the combustion effect and makes the combustion more complete; the bottom of the movable grate piece 4 is concave to form an arc-shaped groove 13, and the end of the arc-shaped groove 13 is connected to the end of the arc-shaped part 10 to form a contact surface 14, and the contact surface 14 contacts the top surface of the fixed grate piece 4. The arc-shaped groove 13 can accommodate the step 11 of the arc-shaped part 10 on the fixed grate piece 5. The movable grate piece 4 will move to the arc-shaped part 10 of the fixed grate piece 5 during the movement, and the contact surface 14 of the movable grate piece 4 will contact different steps 11, which is similar to the action of going down stairs. Due to the effect of the arc groove 13, the fixed grate piece 5 and the movable grate piece 4 are supported only by the abutting surface 14, so that the movable grate piece 4 is continuously deflected downward to contact the fixed grate piece 5 under the effect of the second torsion spring 8, so that the movable grate piece 4 vibrates, so that the garbage on the grate assembly can be vibrated and dispersed, so that the combustion is more complete. The connection position of the arc groove 13 and the abutting surface 14 adopts an arc transition, so that the movable grate piece 4 can deflect upward to pass the step 11 of the arc portion 10 during the return movement, so as to contact the linear portion 9 of the fixed grate piece 5. ;

[0029] Furthermore, if Figures 1 to 3As shown, an arc-shaped hinged body 15 is fixed to one end of the bottom of the movable grate sheet 4 away from the arc-shaped portion 10, and a first hinge shaft 16 is fixedly penetrated at one end of the arc-shaped hinged body 15 away from the movable grate sheet 4, and second torsion springs 8 are mounted on both ends of the first hinge shaft 16, and a first torsion spring hole 17 is opened at the side wall of the grate frame 3 corresponding to the position of the second torsion spring 8, and the second torsion spring 8 is adapted to be fitted in the first torsion spring hole 17, and the movable grate sheet 4 is hingedly installed on the grate frame 3 through the arc-shaped hinged body 15, and the movable grate sheet 4 is driven to move by the movement of the grate frame 3, thereby pushing the garbage to be moved step by step for combustion, and the arrangement of the arc-shaped hinged body 15 installs the second torsion spring 8 away from the movable grate sheet 4, which improves the second torsion spring 8 to a certain extent. 8 high temperature environment; an arc-shaped body 18 is fixed to the bottom of the fixed grate sheet 5, and a second hinge shaft 19 is fixedly penetrated at one end of the arc-shaped body 18 away from the fixed grate sheet 5, and both ends of the second hinge shaft 19 are fitted with a first torsion spring 7, and a side wall of the grate frame 3 is provided with a strip groove 20 for the second hinge shaft 19 to pass through, and a second torsion spring hole is provided on the side wall of the furnace body 1 corresponding to the position of the first torsion spring 7, and the first torsion spring 7 is adapted in the second torsion spring hole. The arc-shaped body 18 sets the second torsion spring 7 away from the fixed grate sheet 5, which improves the high temperature environment of the first torsion spring 7 to a certain extent. The first torsion spring 7 and the second torsion spring 8 are both made of high temperature resistant materials, such as: CrSi, CrV and Inconel high temperature alloys.

[0030] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a horizontal telescopic mechanism is provided at the bottom of the furnace frame 3, and the horizontal telescopic mechanisms of the multiple furnace frames 3 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the furnace body 1. The horizontal telescopic mechanism includes a screw 21 and a sliding rod 22. The screw 21 is horizontally arranged along the conveying direction of the garbage, and the screw 21 is rotatably connected to the furnace body 1. The sliding rod 22 is threadedly sleeved on the screw 21. The end of the sliding rod 22 away from the screw 21 is connected to the furnace frame 3. A driving chamber 23 is provided at the end of the furnace body 1 away from the slag discharge channel 6. One end of the screw 21 extends into the driving chamber 23 and is connected to a driven sprocket 24. A driving shaft 25 is provided below the screw 21. The driving shaft 25 is arranged close to the bottom of the furnace body 1. A driving sprocket 26 is sleeved on the driving shaft 25. The wheel 26 is connected to the driven sprocket 24 through the chain 27. A driving mechanism is provided in the driving chamber 23. The driving mechanism is used to drive the driving shaft 25 to rotate. The driving mechanism drives the driving shaft 25 to rotate. The driving shaft 25 drives the active sprocket 26 to rotate. The active sprocket 26 drives the driven sprocket 24 through the chain 27. The driven sprocket 24 drives the screw 21 to rotate. The side wall of the grate 3 contacts the inner wall of the furnace body 1, limiting the rotational freedom of the sliding rod 22, so that the sliding rod 22 moves linearly along the axial direction of the screw 21, so that the grate 3 drives the movable grate piece 4 to move to push the garbage, and then the driving mechanism drives the driving shaft 25 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the sliding rod 22 drives the grate 3 to reset, and then the movable grate piece 4 is reset.

[0031] Furthermore, if Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the driving mechanism includes a motor 28, a main shaft 29, a forward rotating shaft 30, a reverse rotating shaft 31 and an intermediate shaft 32. The main shaft 29, the forward rotating shaft 30, the reverse rotating shaft 31 and the intermediate shaft 32 are all rotatably connected to the furnace body 1. The forward rotating shaft 30 and the reverse rotating shaft 31 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the driving shaft 25. The output shaft of the motor 28 is connected to a first gear 33. The main shaft 29 is provided with a second gear 34 and two third gears 35. The first gear 33 meshes with the second gear 34. The forward rotating shaft 30, the reverse rotating shaft 31 and the intermediate shaft 32 are provided with a fourth gear 36, a fifth gear 37 and a sixth gear 38, respectively. One third gear 35 meshes with the fourth gear 36, and the other third gear 35 meshes with the fourth gear 36. 5 meshes with the sixth gear 38, the sixth gear 38 meshes with the fifth gear 37, a transmission gear 39 is mounted on the drive shaft 25, a forward intermittent gear 40 and a reverse intermittent gear 41 are mounted on the forward rotation shaft 30 and the reverse rotation shaft 31 respectively, the forward intermittent gear 40 and the reverse intermittent gear 41 alternately mesh with the transmission gear 39, the motor 28 drives the main shaft 29 to rotate through the meshing of the first gear 33 and the second gear 34, the main shaft 29 drives the two third gears 35 to rotate, one of the third gears 35 drives the forward rotation shaft 30 to rotate through the meshing with the fourth gear 36, the other third gear 35 drives the intermediate shaft 32 to rotate through the meshing with the sixth gear 38, the intermediate shaft 32 rotates through the sixth gear 38 The meshing with the fifth gear 37 drives the reverse shaft 31 to rotate. Due to the setting of the intermediate shaft 32, the rotation directions of the forward shaft 30 and the reverse shaft 31 are opposite. The forward shaft 30 drives the forward intermittent gear 40 to rotate, and the reverse shaft 31 drives the reverse intermittent gear 41 to rotate. Since the forward intermittent gear 40 and the reverse intermittent gear 41 alternately mesh with the transmission gear 39 (when the toothed area of ​​the forward intermittent gear 40 meshes with the transmission gear 39, the toothed area of ​​the reverse intermittent gear 41 is separated from the transmission gear 39; when the toothed area of ​​the forward intermittent gear 40 is separated from the transmission gear 39, the toothed area of ​​the reverse intermittent gear 41 meshes with the transmission gear 39), when the forward intermittent gear 40 meshes with the transmission gear 39 , driving the driving shaft 25 to rotate in the forward direction, causing the screw rod 21 to rotate in the forward direction, causing the sliding rod 22 to drive the movable grate piece 4 to move and push the garbage. When the garbage is pushed into place, the forward intermittent gear 40 is separated from the transmission gear 39, and the reverse intermittent gear 41 is meshed with the transmission gear 39, driving the driving shaft 25 to rotate in the reverse direction, causing the screw rod 21 to rotate in the reverse direction, causing the sliding rod 22 to drive the movable grate piece 4 to reset, thereby realizing the reciprocating movement of the movable grate piece 4 without the need for repeated deflection of the motor 28, and controlling the moving range of the movable grate piece 4 by setting the meshing angles of the forward intermittent gear 40 and the transmission gear 39, and the meshing angles of the reverse intermittent gear 41 and the transmission gear 39, so that the movement of the movable grate piece 4 is more precise.

[0032] Embodiment 3: In embodiment 2, if Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, since the waste to be burned contains a large amount of plastic products, impurities are easily adhered during burning to block the first air inlet hole 12 and the second air inlet hole 42, thereby affecting the oxygen content in the combustion chamber 2 and reducing the combustion effect. For this reason, on the basis of the second embodiment, the movable grate slice 4 can be moved to a position where the first air inlet hole 12 and the second air inlet hole 42 are not blocked, that is, the movable grate slice 4 and the fixed grate slice 5 are staggered with each other, so that the axial extension of the first air inlet hole 12 will not interfere with the fixed grate slice 5, and the axial extension of the second air inlet hole 42 will not interfere with the movable grate slice 5. The row of slices 4 produces interference, and a dredging mechanism is arranged under each grate assembly. The dredging mechanism includes a dredging lifting rod 48, a dredging plate 44 and a long dredging needle 45. The dredging lifting rod 48 has the freedom to move in the vertical direction. The top of the dredging lifting rod 48 is fixedly connected to the dredging plate 44. The top of the dredging plate 44 is fixed with a long dredging needle 45 at the position corresponding to the second air inlet 42. The top of the long dredging needle 45 is formed with a sharp portion. The bottom of the dredging lifting rod 48 is connected to a lifting cylinder 43. A support leg 49 is fixed to the bottom of the furnace body 1. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder 43 is vertically installed on the furnace body 1 On the top, the telescopic shaft of the lifting cylinder 43 penetrates into the combustion chamber 2 and connects to the bottom of the dredging lifting rod 48. The machine is stopped regularly to dredge the grate assembly. When dredging, the movable grate piece 4 moves to the dredging position, that is, the movable grate piece 4 moves to a position where the first air inlet hole 12 and the second air inlet hole 42 are not blocked. At this time, the lifting cylinder 43 extends, driving the dredging lifting rod 48 to move upward close to the grate assembly, and the dredging lifting rod 48 drives the dredging plate 44 to move upward, and the dredging plate 44 drives the long dredging needle 45 to move upward, so that the long dredging needle 45 is inserted into the second air inlet hole 42 and the first air inlet hole 12, through The sharp part of the long unclogging needle 45 breaks up the blockage, making unclogging simple and quick; it is worth noting that the grate 3 is a hollow rectangular frame, so that the long unclogging needle 45 can smoothly pass through the grate 3, and secondly, the diameter of the long unclogging needle 45 is smaller than the diameter of the first air inlet hole 12 and the second air inlet hole 42, so that the movable grate plate 4 and the fixed grate plate 5 are in an inclined state, and the long unclogging needle 45 can still penetrate into the first air inlet hole 12 and the second air inlet hole 42, or the long unclogging needle 45 is tilted and set parallel to the axis of the first air inlet hole 12 and the second air inlet hole 42, to ensure smooth unclogging and no interference.

[0033] Embodiment 4: Based on the implementation of embodiment 3, Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, one of the grate assemblies is provided with a corresponding dredging positioning mechanism, which includes a positioning baffle 51, a positioning long rod 52 and a cylinder 53. The cylinder 53 is horizontally installed on the outside of the furnace body 1, and the telescopic shaft of the cylinder 53 is connected to one end of the positioning long rod 52. The other end of the positioning long rod 52 penetrates into the combustion chamber 2 and is connected to the positioning baffle 51. A baffle 54 is fixed to the bottom of the grate frame 3 of the grate assembly. When the positioning baffle 51 contacts the baffle 54 at a specified position, the first air inlet 12 and the second air inlet 42 are not blocked. The inner wall of the second gear 34 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 55 along its own axial direction. A plurality of graphene rings 56 are fixedly sleeved on the main shaft 29, and the plurality of graphene rings 56 correspond to the plurality of annular grooves 55 one by one. The graphene ring 56 is fitted in the annular groove 55 by its own deformation interference fit. In the second embodiment, the movement of the movable grate piece 4 is reciprocating, which can well promote the movement of garbage, and the dredging state of the movable grate piece 4 is located within its own movement range, preferably at the midpoint of the movement range, so that the movable grate piece 4 can move back and forth in the dredging state position, so that the movable grate piece 4 can push the garbage on the adjacent lower fixed grate piece 5, and can also cooperate with the adjacent upper fixed grate piece 5 to push the garbage on itself. In order to ensure that the long dredging needle 45 can pass through the second air inlet hole 42 and the first air inlet hole 12 for dredging, it is necessary to locate the position of the movable grate piece 4 so that the movable grate piece 4 stops accurately at the dredging position. Specifically, when dredging is required, , the cylinder 53 extends to drive the positioning long rod 52 to move, and the positioning long rod 42 drives the positioning baffle 51 to move to the specified position. At this time, the grate assembly is in motion. When the baffle 54 on the grate 3 abuts against the positioning baffle 51, it indicates that the movable grate piece 4 on the grate 3 has moved to the dredging state. To ensure that the grate 3 can move smoothly to the dredging position, the running time of the motor 28 is two round trip times of the grate 3, that is, the motor 28 drives the movable grate piece 4 to move back and forth twice, so as to ensure that the baffle 54 can smoothly contact the positioning baffle 51. When the baffle 54 contacts the positioning baffle 51, the grate 51 will not be able to move further, resulting in a gradual increase in the output torque of the motor 28, so that the second gear 34 overcomes the friction generated by the graphene ring 56. The second gear 34 rotates due to the force, and the main shaft 29 is stationary under the action of the baffle 54 and the positioning baffle 51. The motor 28 can run smoothly through the rotation of the second gear 34 until it stops running after the specified time is reached, ensuring that the motor 28 is not damaged. The second gear 34 is connected to the main shaft 29 by the friction force generated by the compression of the graphene ring 56. When the freedom of the main shaft 29 is restricted, the force of the second gear 34 is greater than the friction force generated by the graphene ring 56, which can drive the second gear 34 to rotate. After the restriction of the main shaft 29 is contacted, the main shaft 29 is reconnected with the second gear 34 through the graphene ring 56, which can complete the precise positioning of the dredging and ensure that the motor 28 is not damaged.In a specific implementation, the second gear 34 is a split structure, which is formed by connecting two semicircular gears by bolts, so that the graphene ring 56 can be interference-fitted in the annular groove 55. ;

[0034] Furthermore, if Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a photoelectric sensor 57 is arranged below the reverse intermittent gear 41, and the detection direction of the photoelectric sensor 57 is vertically upward. The distance between the detection light of the photoelectric sensor 57 and the center of the reverse intermittent gear 41 is between the tooth top circle radius and the tooth root circle radius of the reverse intermittent gear 41, and the photoelectric sensor 57 is located between the reverse intermittent gear 41 and the transmission gear 39. In order to avoid that when the positioning baffle 51 moves, the baffle 54 is located behind the dredging position, resulting in the positioning baffle 51 not moving to the specified position and interfering with the baffle 54, for this reason, the start time of the cylinder 53 is controlled by the photoelectric sensor 57. Since some areas of the reverse intermittent gear 41 have teeth and another part of the area has no teeth, the operation status of the movable grate plate 4 is judged by detecting the position of the toothed area of ​​the reverse intermittent gear 41. Since the detection light of the photoelectric sensor 57 is close to the reverse intermittent gear 4 1 is located between the tooth top circle radius and the tooth root circle radius of the reverse intermittent gear 41, indicating that when the toothed area of ​​the reverse intermittent gear 41 meshes with the transmission gear 39, the signal of the photoelectric sensor 57 will be blocked, indicating that the movable grate piece 4 is in reset operation. When the photoelectric sensor 57 just detects the meshing signal of the reverse intermittent gear 41, the cylinder 53 runs. At this time, the movable grate piece 4 runs to the maximum position and performs a reset movement. The baffle 54 is located in front of the specified position of the positioning baffle 51. The cylinder 53 quickly drives the positioning baffle 51 to run to the dredging position without interfering with the baffle 54. Until the baffle 54 contacts the positioning baffle 51, it blocks the grate frame 3 from continuing to reset, completing the positioning of the movable grate piece 4, so that the first air inlet 12 of the movable grate piece 4 and the second air inlet 42 of the fixed grate piece 5 are not blocked, which is beneficial to the subsequent dredging operation.

Claims

1. An incinerator for burning and treating domestic waste in plateaus, comprising a furnace body (1) and a combustion chamber (2) arranged in the furnace body (1), wherein a grate assembly is arranged in the combustion chamber (2), and characterized in that: The combustion chamber (2) is provided with a slag discharge channel (6) at the end of the grate assembly. The grate assembly is provided in plurality. The plurality of grate assemblies are arranged in sequence in an inclined downward direction along the direction of conveying garbage. The grate assembly comprises a grate frame (3), a movable grate sheet (4) and a fixed grate sheet (5). The grate frame (3) is arranged in an inclined manner in the combustion chamber (2). The grate frame (3) is provided with a plurality of fixed grate sheets (5) equidistantly in the direction of conveying garbage. The fixed grate sheets (5) are hinged to the side wall of the combustion chamber (2) by means of a first torsion spring (7). Two adjacent fixed grate sheets (5) are connected to each other. 5), the movable grate piece (4) is hinged to the grate frame (3) by a second torsion spring (8), the grate frame (3) has the freedom to move horizontally close to or away from the slag discharge channel (6), a plurality of the movable grate pieces (4) and a plurality of the fixed grate pieces (5) are arranged in contact with each other in the form of steps, under the action of the first torsion spring (7), the fixed grate pieces (5) always have a downward deflection movement tendency, and under the action of the second torsion spring (8), the movable grate pieces (4) always have a downward deflection movement tendency; The top surface of the movable grate plate (4) is provided with a linear portion (9) and an arc portion (10) in sequence along the direction of garbage conveying, the high end of the linear portion (9) is connected to the arc portion (10), the arc portion (10) bulges upward to form an arc surface, and the arc surface height of the arc portion (10) gradually decreases along the direction approaching the slag discharge channel (6), the arc portion (10) is provided with a plurality of steps (11) along the arc direction, the top surface structure of the fixed grate plate (5) is the same as the top surface structure of the movable grate plate (4), a plurality of first air inlet holes (12) are penetrated through the steps (11) of the movable grate plate (4), and a plurality of second air inlet holes (42) are penetrated through the linear portion (9) of the fixed grate plate (5); The bottom of the movable grate plate (4) is concave to form an arc-shaped groove (13), the end of the arc-shaped groove (13) is connected to the end of the arc-shaped portion (10) to form an abutment surface (14), and the abutment surface (14) contacts the top surface of the fixed grate plate (5); A horizontal telescopic mechanism is provided at the bottom of the furnace frame (3), and a plurality of horizontal telescopic mechanisms of the furnace frame (3) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the furnace body (1). The horizontal telescopic mechanism comprises a screw rod (21) and a sliding rod (22). The screw rod (21) is arranged horizontally along the direction of conveying garbage. The screw rod (21) is rotatably connected to the furnace body (1). The sliding rod (22) is threadedly sleeved on the screw rod (21). An end of the sliding rod (22) away from the screw rod (21) is connected to the furnace frame (3). The furnace body (1) is away from the slag discharge channel (6 ) is provided with a driving chamber (23) at one end, one end of the screw rod (21) extends into the driving chamber (23) and is connected to a driven sprocket (24), a driving shaft (25) is provided below the screw rod (21), the driving shaft (25) is provided close to the bottom of the furnace body (1), a driving sprocket (26) is sleeved on the driving shaft (25), the driving sprocket (26) is connected to the driven sprocket (24) via a chain (27), a driving mechanism is provided in the driving chamber (23), and the driving mechanism is used to drive the driving shaft (25) to rotate; The driving mechanism comprises a motor (28), a main shaft (29), a forward rotating shaft (30), a reverse rotating shaft (31) and an intermediate shaft (32); the main shaft (29), the forward rotating shaft (30), the reverse rotating shaft (31) and the intermediate shaft (32) are all rotatably connected to the furnace body (1); the forward rotating shaft (30) and the reverse rotating shaft (31) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the driving shaft (25); the output shaft of the motor (28) is connected to a first gear (33); the main shaft (29) is provided with a second gear (34) and two third gears (35); the first gear (33) meshes with the second gear (34); the forward rotating shaft (30), the reverse rotating shaft (31) and the intermediate shaft (32) are rotatably connected to the furnace body (1); the forward rotating shaft (30) and the reverse rotating shaft (31) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the driving shaft (25); A fourth gear (36), a fifth gear (37) and a sixth gear (38) are respectively mounted on the shaft (31) and the intermediate shaft (32), wherein one of the third gears (35) meshes with the fourth gear (36), the other of the third gears (35) meshes with the sixth gear (38), and the sixth gear (38) meshes with the fifth gear (37); a transmission gear (39) is mounted on the drive shaft (25); a forward intermittent gear (40) and a reverse intermittent gear (41) are respectively mounted on the forward rotating shaft (30) and the reverse rotating shaft (31), and the forward intermittent gear (40) and the reverse intermittent gear (41) alternately mesh with the transmission gear (39); The movable grate plate (4) can be moved to a position where the first air inlet hole (12) and the second air inlet hole (42) are not blocked, and a dredging mechanism is arranged below each of the grate components, the dredging mechanism comprises a dredging lifting rod (48), a dredging plate (44) and a long dredging needle (45), the dredging lifting rod (48) has the freedom to move in the vertical direction, the top of the dredging lifting rod (48) is fixedly connected to the dredging plate (44), the top of the dredging plate (44) is fixed with the long dredging needle (45) at the position corresponding to the first air inlet hole (12) and the second air inlet hole (42), and the top of the long dredging needle (45) is formed with a sharp portion; The bottom of the dredging lifting rod (48) is connected to a lifting cylinder (43), the bottom of the furnace body (1) is fixed with a support foot (49), the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder (43) is vertically mounted on the furnace body (1), and the telescopic shaft of the lifting cylinder (43) penetrates into the combustion chamber (2) and is connected to the bottom of the dredging lifting rod (48); One of the grate assemblies is provided with a clearing and positioning mechanism, the clearing and positioning mechanism comprising a positioning baffle (51), a positioning long rod (52) and a cylinder (53), the cylinder (53) being horizontally mounted outside the furnace body (1), the telescopic shaft of the cylinder (53) being connected to one end of the positioning long rod (52), the other end of the positioning long rod (52) penetrating into the combustion chamber (2) and connected to the positioning baffle (51), a baffle (54) being fixed at the bottom of the furnace frame (3) of the grate assembly, when the positioning baffle (51) contacts the baffle (54) at a specified position, the first air inlet hole (12) and the second air inlet hole (42) are not blocked.

2. The incinerator for burning and treating domestic waste in plateaus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An arc-shaped hinged body (15) is fixed to one end of the bottom of the movable grate plate (4) away from the arc-shaped portion (10); a first hinge shaft (16) is fixedly passed through one end of the arc-shaped hinged body (15) away from the movable grate plate (4); both ends of the first hinge shaft (16) are sleeved with the second torsion spring (8); a first torsion spring hole (17) is opened on the side wall of the grate frame (3) at a position corresponding to the second torsion spring (8); and the second torsion spring (8) is fitted in the first torsion spring hole (17).

3. The incinerator for burning and treating domestic waste in plateau according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An arc-shaped body (18) is fixed at the bottom of the fixed grate plate (5), and a second hinge shaft (19) is fixedly penetrated at one end of the arc-shaped body (18) away from the fixed grate plate (5), and both ends of the second hinge shaft (19) are fitted with the first torsion spring (7), and a strip groove (20) for the second hinge shaft (19) to pass through is formed on the side wall of the grate frame (3), and a second torsion spring hole is formed on the side wall of the furnace body (1) at a position corresponding to the first torsion spring (7), and the first torsion spring (7) is fitted in the second torsion spring hole.

4. The incinerator for burning and treating domestic waste in plateaus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the second gear (34) is provided with a plurality of annular grooves (55) along its own axial direction, and a plurality of graphene rings (56) are fixedly mounted on the main shaft (29), the plurality of graphene rings (56) correspond one-to-one to the plurality of annular grooves (55), and the graphene rings (56) are interference-fitted in the annular grooves (55) through their own deformation.

5. The incinerator for burning and treating domestic waste in plateaus according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A photoelectric sensor (57) is arranged below the reverse intermittent gear (41); the detection direction of the photoelectric sensor (57) is vertically upward; and the distance between the detection light of the photoelectric sensor (57) and the center of the reverse intermittent gear (41) is between the tooth top circle radius and the tooth root circle radius of the reverse intermittent gear (41).

Images