A temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer treatment, and discloses a temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field, comprising a composting shell, a loading plate is slidably installed on the composting shell, a support frame is installed on the loading plate, a crank is hinged on the support frame, a fixed shaft is arranged in the composting chamber, a rotating sleeve is rotatably sleeved outside the fixed shaft, a plurality of flipping plates are arranged outside the rotating sleeve, a turntable is rotatably installed in the composting shell, the turntable is coaxially connected with the rotating sleeve, a cross slide is provided on the side of the turntable, a pushing arm and a transmission arm are rotatably installed in the composting shell, a reciprocating arm is hinged at the end of the transmission arm, a pulley is rotatably installed at the end of the reciprocating arm, the pulley is movably engaged with the cross slide, one end of the pushing arm is transmission-connected with the crank, and the other end of the pushing arm is hinged with the middle part of the reciprocating arm; when the crank is pressed up and down, the flipping plate flips and throws the straw fertilizer, which is conducive to uniform fermentation and decomposition of the fertilizer and prevents the fertilizer from being compacted or compacted during the composting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer processing, in particular to a temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in a field. Background Art

[0002] Composting and returning crop straw to the fields involves fully composting crop straw at high temperatures, then manually adjusting and controlling the process by adding livestock and poultry manure, various trace elements, and bio-bacteria to produce bio-organic fertilizer for return to the fields. Existing methods, based on composting conditions, are categorized as high-temperature straw composting and natural fermentation composting. High-temperature straw composting, also known as aerobic composting, involves using aerobic microorganisms to degrade straw under aerobic conditions at high temperatures, accelerating the decomposition of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose to produce compost. Natural straw composting, a common method used in rural areas, involves directly piling straw on the ground, thoroughly mixing it with livestock manure and urine, and then sealing it to allow it to ferment naturally. The greatest advantage of natural straw fermentation is its simplicity and convenience. However, due to its lower fermentation temperature, it takes a longer time, resulting in poor degradation, incomplete lignin and cellulose degradation, and a high pathogen content. To further improve composting efficiency and shorten composting time, adding fermentation and degradation bacteria can be used.

[0003] At present, for convenience, many farmers choose natural composting to return straw to the fields. However, natural composting takes a long time, which may cause farmers to adjust their farming schedules, increasing the complexity and difficulty of farming. Therefore, it does not meet the existing needs. In this regard, we propose a temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field, which can realize the turning effect of the straw composting through simple operation, thereby increasing the contact effect between fertilizer and oxygen and enhancing the beneficial effect of composting. It solves the problem mentioned in the above background technology that many farmers currently choose natural composting to compost and return to the field for convenience, but natural composting takes a long time, which may cause farmers to adjust their farming schedule, increasing the complexity and difficulty of farming.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field, comprising a composting shell, a composting chamber for compost fermentation provided inside the composting shell, a loading port provided on the top of the composting shell, a loading port provided on the bottom of the composting shell, a ventilation port provided on the side of the composting shell, a composting chamber provided inside the composting shell, the composting chamber being communicated with the ventilation port, a loading plate being slidably mounted on the composting shell, a support frame being mounted on the loading plate, a crank being hinged on the support frame, a fixed shaft being provided in the composting chamber, and the fixed shaft The outer rotating sleeve is provided with a rotating sleeve, and a plurality of flipping plates are provided outside the rotating sleeve for flipping the straw fertilizer in the composting chamber. A turntable is rotatably installed in the composting shell, and the turntable is coaxially connected to the rotating sleeve. A cross slide is provided on the side of the turntable. A pushing arm and a transmission arm are rotatably installed in the composting shell, and a reciprocating arm is hinged at the end of the transmission arm. A pulley is rotatably installed at the end of the reciprocating arm, and the pulley is movably engaged with the cross slide. One end of the pushing arm is connected to the crank for transmission, and the other end of the pushing arm is hinged to the middle part of the reciprocating arm.

[0006] When the crank is pressed up and down, the turning plate turns the straw fertilizer.

[0007] As an optional solution for the temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field described in the present invention, a spline slide rod is extended from the hinge between the crank and the support frame, a fixing frame is fixedly installed on the side of the composting shell, a spline sleeve is rotatably installed on the fixing frame, the spline slide rod is plugged into the spline sleeve, a transmission rod is installed on the side of the composting shell, a first transmission belt is connected between the transmission rod and the spline sleeve, and a second transmission belt is connected between the transmission rod and the pushing arm.

[0008] As an optional solution for the temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field described in the present invention, a lifting column is inserted on the loading plate, a connecting rod is hinged on the top of the lifting column, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the crank, and a piston plate for achieving ventilation during turning and throwing is installed at the bottom of the lifting column, and the piston plate is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the composting shell.

[0009] As an optional solution of the temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field according to the present invention, a top plate is installed on the top of the composting shell, a storage slot is provided in the composting shell, a through slot is provided on the top plate, and a shield is installed on one side of the feeding plate adjacent to the top plate;

[0010] When loading, the loading plate is moved, the piston plate is hidden in the receiving groove, and the loading plate is moved above the top plate to expose the loading port.

[0011] As an optional solution of the temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field according to the present invention, the composting chamber is configured as a space with an elliptical cross-section, the middle portion of the fixed shaft is configured as an elliptical shape with both ends fitting against the inner wall of the rotating sleeve, a gap is maintained between the upper and lower sides of the middle portion of the fixed shaft and the inner wall of the rotating sleeve, and the arc shape and specifications of the upper and lower sides of the middle portion of the fixed shaft correspond in proportion to the composting chamber, an extension plate is slidably mounted on the flipping plate, and a scraper is mounted on the end of the extension plate away from the flipping plate for cleaning the fertilizer remaining in the composting chamber;

[0012] When the rotating sleeve rotates, the extension plate moves along the contour of the middle portion of the fixed shaft.

[0013] As an optional solution for the temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field described in the present invention, a telescopic slide is provided in the turning plate, an extension protrusion is provided on the side of the extension plate, and a telescopic spring is installed between the extension protrusion and the telescopic slide.

[0014] As an optional solution for the temporary field composting device of straw fertilizer described in the present invention, wherein: a locking plate is installed on the loading plate, and a first slot and a second slot are provided on the locking plate, the first slot is provided with a first gear slot and a second gear slot, the second slot is provided with a third gear slot and a fourth gear slot, a first limit rod for limiting the downward pressure angle of the crank is movably installed in the first slot, a second limit rod for limiting the upward lifting angle of the crank is movably installed in the second slot, a gear rod is installed on the side of the crank, and the gear rod is located between the first limit rod and the second limit rod.

[0015] As an optional solution of the temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field according to the present invention, wherein: the first gear slot, the second gear slot, the third gear slot and the fourth gear slot are arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

[0016] When the first limiting rod is located in the first shift groove and the shift rod contacts the first limiting rod, the piston plate moves up to the same height as the receiving groove;

[0017] When the first limiting rod is located in the second gear slot and the second limiting rod is located in the third gear slot, the crank is pressed up and down, and the piston plate reciprocates up and down above the ventilation port. When the piston plate is located below the ventilation port, a seal is formed in the retting shell.

[0018] When the second limiting rod is located in the fourth gear slot and the gear rod touches the second limiting rod, the piston plate uses air to press down the fertilizer in the composting chamber to facilitate material discharge.

[0019] As an optional solution of the temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field described in the present invention, a one-way air valve is provided on the piston plate, which is used to allow air above the piston plate to enter the lower part when the piston plate moves upward.

[0020] As an optional solution of the temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field according to the present invention, wherein: a first slider is slidably installed in the first slot, and a first spring column is connected between the first slider and the first limiting rod;

[0021] A second sliding block is slidably installed in the second clamping slot, and a second spring column is connected between the second sliding block and the second limiting rod.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. This temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field features a feed port that allows chopped straw and compost to be placed into the composting shell. A feed port allows the composting shell to be opened after sufficient time has elapsed, allowing the composted fertilizer to be collected from below. Unlike existing technologies, this device features a ventilation port on the side of the composting shell, a rotating sleeve that rotates within the composting chamber, and a crank-driven mechanism that rotates when the crank is pressed up and down. As the sleeve rotates, a flipping plate on the sleeve flips the fertilizer within the composting chamber. This flipping not only promotes uniform fermentation and decomposition of the fertilizer, but also prevents compaction or compaction during composting, maintaining air permeability and humidity in the fertilizer pile. Furthermore, the flipping increases the contact area between the fertilizer and air, promoting microbial activity and accelerating the fertilizer maturation process.

[0024] 2. The temporary composting device for the field of straw fertilizer sets the composting chamber into an ellipse, which reduces the space occupied by the entire composting shell and the volume of the equipment, making it convenient for farmers to temporarily compost. The setting of the extension plate and the scraper bar enhances the turning range, and by setting the middle part of the fixed shaft into an ellipse-like shape, the overall length of the turning plate and the extension plate can be changed when the rotating sleeve rotates, so that the scraper bar can slide and fit with the inner wall of the composting chamber and can be retracted when moving to the upper and lower sides without hindering the movement of the piston plate and the unloading of fertilizer. This not only improves the performance and efficiency of the equipment, but also greatly facilitates the use and operation of farmers.

[0025] 3. The temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field is connected by a crank, a connecting rod and a lifting column. When the crank is pressed up and down, it can not only drive the rotating sleeve to rotate to realize the turning and throwing of the fertilizer, but also make the piston plate move up and down. In the process of the piston plate moving from below the ventilation port to above the ventilation port, the outside air is sucked into the compost shell and the compost cavity, thereby replacing the gas in the compost cavity and maintaining the aerobic environment of the compost cavity. When the piston plate moves downward to below the ventilation port, a closed space is formed in the compost cavity. The sealed environment can help increase the temperature, thereby accelerating the decomposition of microorganisms, and can also prevent the evaporation of water and the loss of oxygen, thereby maintaining the humidity and oxygen supply during the compost fermentation process.

[0026] Not only that, different ranges can achieve different functions. By setting the locking plate, the first limit rod and the second limit rod, the crank's range of movement is restricted, thereby further facilitating farmers' use and operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention during loading.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the back-side sectional three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure when the piston plate of the present invention is aligned with the receiving groove.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention during ventilation.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure during blanking of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the locking plate of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of point A of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 11 This is an enlarged structural diagram of point B of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 12It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the scraper of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 110, composting shell; 120, loading plate; 130, shield plate; 131, through groove; 140, top plate; 150, support foot; 160, discharge port; 170, ventilation port; 180, loading port; 190, storage slot; 210, crank; 211, gear lever; 220, support frame; 230, connecting rod; 310, spline slide bar; 320, spline sleeve; 330, fixing frame; 340, first transmission belt; 350, transmission rod; 360, second transmission belt; 370, push arm; 380, transmission arm; 390, reciprocating arm; 410, composting chamber; 420, lifting column; 430, piston plate; 431, One-way air valve; 510, fixed shaft; 520, rotating sleeve; 521, turntable; 530, flip plate; 531, telescopic slide; 540, extension plate; 541, extension protrusion; 542, telescopic spring; 550, scraper; 560, cross slide; 570, pulley; 610, locking plate; 611, first gear slot; 612, second gear slot; 613, third gear slot; 614, fourth gear slot; 620, first limiting rod; 630, second limiting rod; 640, first clamping slot; 650, second clamping slot; 660, first slider; 670, second slider; 680, first spring column; 690, second spring column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1: This example aims to solve the problem that many farmers currently choose natural composting to return fertilizer to the fields for convenience. However, natural composting takes a long time, which may cause farmers to adjust their farming schedules, increasing the complexity and difficulty of farming. Figures 1-12 A temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field includes a composting shell 110, a composting chamber 410 for composting fermentation is provided inside the composting shell 110, a loading port 180 is provided at the top of the composting shell 110, and a discharge port 160 is provided at the bottom of the composting shell 110. In the specific setting, an adaptive door is installed at the discharge port 160 to keep it closed during the composting process.

[0042] A ventilation port 170 is provided on the side of the composting shell 110, and a composting chamber 410 is provided inside the composting shell 110, which is connected to the ventilation port 170. A loading plate 120 is slidably mounted on the composting shell 110, and a support frame 220 is mounted on the loading plate 120, and a crank 210 is hingedly connected to the support frame 220. In the specific configuration, support feet 150 are installed at the bottom of the composting shell 110 to raise the composting shell 110 off the ground, making it easier for fertilizer to be discharged from the bottom of the composting shell 110.

[0043] See Figure 4 A fixed shaft 510 is provided in the composting chamber 410, and a rotating sleeve 520 is rotatably sleeved outside the fixed shaft 510. A number of turning plates 530 are provided outside the rotating sleeve 520 for turning over and tossing the straw fertilizer in the composting chamber 410. A turntable 521 is rotatably installed in the composting shell 110, and the turntable 521 is coaxially connected to the rotating sleeve 520. A cross slide 560 is provided on the side of the turntable 521. A pushing arm 370 and a transmission arm 380 are rotatably installed in the composting shell 110. A reciprocating arm 390 is hinged at the end of the transmission arm 380, and a pulley 570 is rotatably installed at the end of the reciprocating arm 390. The pulley 570 is movably engaged with the cross slide 560. One end of the pushing arm 370 is transmission-connected to the crank 210, and the other end of the pushing arm 370 is hinged to the middle part of the reciprocating arm 390.

[0044] When the crank 210 is pressed up and down, the turning plate 530 turns the straw fertilizer.

[0045] A spline slide bar 310 extends from the hinge of the crank 210 and the support frame 220, a fixing frame 330 is fixedly installed on the side of the stack shell 110, a spline sleeve 320 is rotatably installed on the fixing frame 330, the spline slide bar 310 is plugged into the spline sleeve 320, a transmission rod 350 is installed on the side of the stack shell 110, a first transmission belt 340 is connected between the transmission rod 350 and the spline sleeve 320, and a second transmission belt 360 is connected between the transmission rod 350 and the push arm 370.

[0046] In this embodiment, by setting the feeding port 180, chopped straw and compost raw materials can be put into the composting shell 110. By setting the feeding port 160, the feeding port 160 can be opened after a sufficient time to receive the composted fertilizer at the bottom. Different from the prior art, a ventilation port 170 is provided on the side of the composting shell 110, and a rotating sleeve 520 is provided for rotation in the composting chamber 410. The operation of the rotating sleeve 520 is driven by the crank 210. When the crank 210 is pressed up and down, the crank 210 drives the spline slide 310 to rotate, and the spline slide 310 drives the spline sleeve 32 0, and then drives the push arm 370 to swing synchronously through transmission. Through the connection between the push arm 370 and the reciprocating arm 390, when the push arm 370 swings, the reciprocating arm 390 moves in a curve, causing the pulley 570 to slide in the cross slot 560 and rotating the dial 521, thereby achieving the rotation of the rotating sleeve 520. When the rotating sleeve 520 rotates, the flipping plate 530 thereon flips the fertilizer in the composting chamber 410. This flipping not only helps the fertilizer ferment and decompose evenly, but also prevents the fertilizer from becoming compacted or hardened during the composting process, maintaining the air permeability and humidity of the fertilizer pile. In addition, flipping increases the contact area between the fertilizer and the air, promoting the activity of microorganisms, and thus accelerating the fertilizer maturation process.

[0047] Example 2: This example aims to solve the problem that temporary composting cannot occupy too much space, otherwise it will be inconvenient for farmers to work, and to improve the convenience of farmers in feeding and taking fertilizer. This example is an improvement made on the basis of Example 1. For details, please refer to Figures 1-12 A lifting column 420 is inserted into the loading plate 120, and a connecting rod 230 is hinged on the top of the lifting column 420. The other end of the connecting rod 230 is hinged to the crank 210. A piston plate 430 is installed at the bottom of the lifting column 420 for achieving ventilation during flipping. The piston plate 430 slides and fits with the inner wall of the composting shell 110.

[0048] A top plate 140 is installed on the top of the composting shell 110 . A receiving groove 190 is opened in the composting shell 110 . A through groove 131 is opened on the top plate 140 . A shield plate 130 is installed on one side of the loading plate 120 adjacent to the top plate 140 .

[0049] When loading, the loading plate 120 is moved, the piston plate 430 is hidden in the receiving groove 190, and the loading plate 120 is moved above the top plate 140 to expose the loading port 180.

[0050] The composting chamber 410 is configured as a space with an elliptical cross-section, and the middle part of the fixed shaft 510 is configured as an elliptical shape with both ends fitting against the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 520. A gap is maintained between the upper and lower sides of the middle part of the fixed shaft 510 and the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 520, and the arc shape and specifications of the upper and lower sides of the middle part of the fixed shaft 510 are proportional to those of the composting chamber 410. An extension plate 540 is slidably installed on the flipping plate 530, and a scraper 550 is installed at the end of the extension plate 540 away from the flipping plate 530 for cleaning the fertilizer remaining in the composting chamber 410.

[0051] When the rotating sleeve 520 rotates, the extending plate 540 moves along the contour of the middle portion of the fixed shaft 510 .

[0052] A telescopic sliding groove 531 is provided in the flip plate 530 , an extension protrusion 541 is provided on the side of the extension plate 540 , and a telescopic spring 542 is installed between the extension protrusion 541 and the telescopic sliding groove 531 .

[0053] In this embodiment, the composting chamber 410 is configured to be elliptical, which reduces the space occupied by the composting shell 110 and the volume of the equipment, making it convenient for farmers to temporarily compost. The provision of the extension plate 540 and the scraper bar 550 enhances the turning range. Moreover, by configuring the middle portion of the fixed shaft 510 to be elliptical, the position of the extension plate 540 can be changed when the rotating sleeve 520 rotates, thereby changing the overall length of the turning plate 530 and the extension plate 540. The scraper bar 550 can slide and fit with the inner wall of the composting chamber 410 and can be retracted when moving to the upper and lower sides, without hindering the movement of the piston plate 430 and the discharge of fertilizer.

[0054] The provision of the extension plate 540 enhances the turning effect, and the provision of the scraper bar 550 allows the inner wall of the composting chamber 410 to be scraped and cleaned, which not only increases the turning range of the fertilizer, but also allows the fertilizer remaining on the inner wall to be scraped off when the fertilizer is unloaded, thereby reducing waste and providing a cleaning function, thereby improving the performance and efficiency of the equipment and greatly facilitating the use and operation of the equipment by farmers.

[0055] Example 3: This example aims to promote the solution of reducing composting time and improving efficiency. This example is an improvement made on the basis of Example 2. For details, please refer to Figures 1-12A locking plate 610 is installed on the loading plate 120, and a first slot 640 and a second slot 650 are provided on the locking plate 610. The first slot 640 is provided with a first gear slot 611 and a second gear slot 612, and the second slot 650 is provided with a third gear slot 613 and a fourth gear slot 614. A first limiting rod 620 for limiting the downward angle of the crank 210 is movably installed in the first slot 640, and a second limiting rod 630 for limiting the upward angle of the crank 210 is movably installed in the second slot 650. A gear rod 211 is installed on the side of the crank 210, and the gear rod 211 is located between the first limiting rod 620 and the second limiting rod 630.

[0056] See Figure 9 、 10 The first gear slot 611, the second gear slot 612, the third gear slot 613 and the fourth gear slot 614 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; when the first limiting rod 620 is located in the first gear slot 611, when the gear rod 211 contacts the first limiting rod 620, the piston plate 430 moves up to the same height as the receiving slot 190;

[0057] When the first limiting rod 620 is located in the second gear groove 612 and the second limiting rod 630 is located in the third gear groove 613, the crank 210 is pressed up and down, and the piston plate 430 reciprocates up and down in the ventilation port 170. When the piston plate 430 is located below the ventilation port 170, a seal is formed in the retting shell 110.

[0058] When the second limiting rod 630 is located in the fourth gear groove 614 and the gear rod 211 contacts the second limiting rod 630 , the piston plate 430 uses air to press down the fertilizer in the composting chamber 410 to facilitate unloading.

[0059] A one-way air valve 431 is provided on the piston plate 430 to allow air above the piston plate 430 to enter the lower portion when the piston plate 430 moves upward. Furthermore, the one-way air valve 431 squeezes the air above the piston plate 430 downward when the piston plate 430 moves upward, which not only makes it easier for the piston plate 430 to move upward but also enhances air flow and further improves ventilation.

[0060] During specific configuration, a conventional gas purification device may be installed at the ventilation port 170 to reduce air pollution.

[0061] A first slider 660 is slidably mounted in the first slot 640, with a first spring post 680 connected between the first slider 660 and the first limiting rod 620. A second slider 670 is slidably mounted in the second slot 650, with a second spring post 690 connected between the second slider 670 and the second limiting rod 630. Specifically, the first spring post 680 and the second spring post 690 are configured as two rod sleeves that fit snugly together, with springs mounted outside the rod sleeves.

[0062] In this embodiment, through the connection between the crank 210, the connecting rod 230 and the lifting column 420, when the crank 210 is pressed up and down, it can not only drive the rotating sleeve 520 to rotate to realize the turning of the fertilizer, but also make the piston plate 430 move up and down; in the process of the piston plate 430 moving from below the ventilation port 170 to above the ventilation port 170, the outside air is sucked into the composting shell 110 and the composting chamber 410, thereby replacing the gas in the composting chamber 410 and maintaining the aerobic environment of the composting chamber 410. When the piston plate 430 moves downward to below the ventilation port 170, a closed space is formed in the composting chamber 410. The sealed environment can help increase the temperature, thereby accelerating the decomposition of microorganisms, and can also prevent the evaporation of water and the loss of oxygen, thereby maintaining the humidity and oxygen supply during the composting fermentation process.

[0063] In addition, different ranges can realize different functions. By setting the locking plate 610, the first limiting rod 620, and the second limiting rod 630, the range of movement of the crank 210 is limited, thereby further facilitating the use and operation of farmers.

[0064] In this way, before composting, the first limiting rod 620 is first moved to the first gear groove 611, the piston plate 430 is moved up to the maximum, so that the piston plate 430 is at the same height as the storage groove 190, and then the loading plate 120 is moved to open the loading port 180, and the materials are put in layer by layer, and then the piston plate 430 is moved down to be located below the ventilation port 170, so that the inside of the composting chamber 410 remains airtight, and then the first limiting rod 620 is clamped into the second gear groove 612, and the second limiting rod 630 is clamped into the third gear groove 61 3. Intermittently press the crank 210 to rotate the rotating sleeve 520 to flip the fertilizer. At the same time, the piston plate 430 moves up and down to ventilate the composting chamber 410 and provide new oxygen to the composting chamber 410. This cycle repeats until the composting is completed. The second limit rod 630 is inserted into the fourth gear groove 614, and the discharge port 160 is opened. At this time, there is a layer of air between the piston plate 430 and the fertilizer. Pressing the piston plate 430 downward uses the gas to squeeze the fertilizer, causing the fertilizer to move downward and be squeezed out of the discharge port 160.

[0065] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0066] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field, comprising a composting shell (110), wherein a composting chamber (410) for composting fermentation is arranged inside the composting shell (110), a loading port (180) is arranged at the top of the composting shell (110), and a unloading port (160) is arranged at the bottom of the composting shell (110), characterized in that: A ventilation port (170) is provided on the side of the composting shell (110), a composting chamber (410) is provided inside the composting shell (110), the composting chamber (410) is communicated with the ventilation port (170), a loading plate (120) is slidably mounted on the composting shell (110), a support frame (220) is mounted on the loading plate (120), a crank (210) is hinged on the support frame (220), a fixed shaft (510) is provided inside the composting chamber (410), a rotating sleeve (520) is rotatably sleeved outside the fixed shaft (510), a plurality of flipping plates (530) are provided outside the rotating sleeve (520) for flipping the straw fertilizer in the composting chamber (410), A rotating disk (521) is rotatably installed in the compost shell (110), the rotating disk (521) is coaxially connected to the rotating sleeve (520), a cross slide groove (560) is provided on the side of the rotating disk (521), a pushing arm (370) and a transmission arm (380) are rotatably installed in the compost shell (110), a reciprocating arm (390) is hinged at the end of the transmission arm (380), a pulley (570) is rotatably installed at the end of the reciprocating arm (390), the pulley (570) is movably engaged with the cross slide groove (560), one end of the pushing arm (370) is transmission-connected to the crank (210), and the other end of the pushing arm (370) is hinged to the middle of the reciprocating arm (390); When the crank (210) is pressed up and down, the flipping plate (530) flips the straw fertilizer; A spline slide bar (310) extends from the hinge of the crank (210) and the support frame (220); a fixing frame (330) is fixedly installed on the side of the composting shell (110); a spline sleeve (320) is rotatably installed on the fixing frame (330); the spline slide bar (310) is plugged into the spline sleeve (320); a transmission rod (350) is installed on the side of the composting shell (110); a first transmission belt (340) is connected between the transmission rod (350) and the spline sleeve (320); and a second transmission belt (360) is connected between the transmission rod (350) and the push arm (370); A lifting column (420) is inserted into the loading plate (120), a connecting rod (230) is hinged on the top of the lifting column (420), the other end of the connecting rod (230) is hinged to the crank (210), and a piston plate (430) is installed at the bottom of the lifting column (420) for achieving ventilation during flipping, and the piston plate (430) is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the composting shell (110). A top plate (140) is installed on the top of the composting shell (110), a storage groove (190) is provided in the composting shell (110), a through groove (131) is provided on the top plate (140), and a shield plate (130) is installed on one side of the loading plate (120) adjacent to the top plate (140); When loading materials, the loading plate (120) is moved, the piston plate (430) is hidden in the receiving groove (190), and the loading plate (120) is moved above the top plate (140) to expose the loading port (180); The composting chamber (410) is configured as a space with an elliptical cross section, the middle portion of the fixed shaft (510) is configured as an elliptical shape with two ends being in contact with the inner wall of the rotating sleeve (520), a gap is maintained between the upper and lower sides of the middle portion of the fixed shaft (510) and the inner wall of the rotating sleeve (520), and the arc shape and specifications of the upper and lower sides of the middle portion of the fixed shaft (510) are proportionally corresponding to those of the composting chamber (410), an extension plate (540) is slidably mounted on the flipping plate (530), and a scraper (550) is mounted on one end of the extension plate (540) away from the flipping plate (530) for cleaning the fertilizer remaining in the composting chamber (410); When the rotating sleeve (520) rotates, the extension plate (540) moves along the contour of the middle portion of the fixed shaft (510); A locking plate (610) is installed on the loading plate (120), and a first slot (640) and a second slot (650) are provided on the locking plate (610); a first gear slot (611) and a second gear slot (612) are provided in the first slot (640), and a third gear slot (613) and a fourth gear slot (614) are provided in the second slot (650); a first limiting rod (620) for limiting the downward pressing angle of the crank (210) is movably installed in the first slot (640), and a second limiting rod (630) for limiting the upward lifting angle of the crank (210) is movably installed in the second slot (650); a shift rod (211) is installed on the side of the crank (210), and the shift rod (211) is located between the first limiting rod (620) and the second limiting rod (630); The first gear slot (611), the second gear slot (612), the third gear slot (613) and the fourth gear slot (614) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; When the first limiting rod (620) is located in the first shift groove (611), the shift rod (211) contacts the first limiting rod (620), and the piston plate (430) moves upward to be at the same height as the receiving groove (190); When the first limiting rod (620) is located in the second gear slot (612) and the second limiting rod (630) is located in the third gear slot (613), the crank (210) is pressed up and down, and the piston plate (430) reciprocates up and down at the ventilation port (170), and when the piston plate (430) is located below the ventilation port (170), a seal is formed in the composting shell (110); When the second limiting rod (630) is located in the fourth gear slot (614), when the gear rod (211) touches the second limiting rod (630), the piston plate (430) uses air to press down the fertilizer in the composting chamber (410) to facilitate material discharge.

2. The temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: A telescopic slide groove (531) is arranged inside the flip plate (530), an extension protrusion (541) is arranged on the side of the extension plate (540), and a telescopic spring (542) is installed between the extension protrusion (541) and the telescopic slide groove (531).

3. The temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston plate (430) is provided with a one-way air valve (431) for allowing air above the piston plate (430) to enter below when the piston plate (430) moves upward.

4. The temporary composting device for straw fertilizer in the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first sliding block (660) is slidably installed in the first slot (640), and a first spring column (680) is connected between the first sliding block (660) and the first limiting rod (620); A second sliding block (670) is slidably mounted in the second clamping groove (650), and a second spring column (690) is connected between the second sliding block (670) and the second limiting rod (630).

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