A floating ice pressure monitoring device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a floating ice pressure monitoring device, which belongs to the field of ice pressure monitoring technology and can solve the problem that existing measures are difficult to accurately control the monitoring position of ice pressure and the monitoring effect is not ideal. The device includes: a fixed track, which is laid on the water-facing slope, and its two ends extend out of the water level amplitude zone of the water-facing slope; a floating module, which is slidably set on the fixed track and floats on the water surface; a plurality of measuring modules, which are slidably set on the fixed track in sequence and are all located below the floating module; two adjacent measuring modules are connected by a connecting rod; the measuring module close to the floating module is connected to the bottom end of the floating module; each measuring module is used to measure the ice pressure of the ice layer at its location; the measuring module includes: a slider, which is slidably set on the fixed track; a pressure sensor, which is set on the slider, and is used to measure the ice pressure of the ice layer at its location. The present invention is used for ice pressure monitoring of waterside slopes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a floating ice pressure monitoring device, belonging to the technical field of ice pressure monitoring. Background Art

[0002] In areas where the temperature may reach below 0°, reservoirs, lakes, rivers, etc. may all freeze on the water surface. In some areas, there may even be thick ice layers of more than 1 meter. This will produce compressive stress on the surfaces of dams and slopes, and in severe cases may cause compressive damage to the structures. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the ice pressure.

[0003] At present, there is no device specifically for monitoring ice pressure in actual projects. Due to the constant changes in the water surface and the fact that the slope of the upstream surface of a general dam varies greatly depending on the dam type, conventional measures are difficult to accurately control the monitoring location of ice pressure, and the monitoring effect is often not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a floating ice pressure monitoring device, which can solve the problem that the existing measures are difficult to accurately control the monitoring position of ice pressure and the monitoring effect is not ideal.

[0005] The present invention provides a floating ice pressure monitoring device, the device comprising:

[0006] A fixed track is laid on the water-facing slope, and its two ends extend out of the water level variation area of ​​the water-facing slope;

[0007] A floating module is slidably arranged on the fixed track and floats on the water surface;

[0008] A plurality of measuring modules are sequentially slidably arranged on the fixed track and are all located below the floating module; two adjacent measuring modules are connected by a connecting rod; a measuring module close to the floating module is connected to the bottom end of the floating module; each measuring module is used to measure the ice pressure of the ice layer at its location;

[0009] The measurement module comprises:

[0010] A slider, slidably arranged on the fixed track;

[0011] The pressure sensor is arranged on the sliding block and is used to measure the ice pressure of the ice layer at the position where the pressure sensor is located.

[0012] Optionally, the measurement module further includes:

[0013] An angle adjustment unit, arranged on the slider;

[0014] The pressure sensor is arranged on the angle adjustment unit; the angle adjustment unit is used to adjust the measuring angle of the pressure sensor.

[0015] Optionally, the angle adjustment unit includes:

[0016] A semicircular adjustment track, arranged on the slider;

[0017] A support rod, one end of which is fixed at the center of the semicircular adjustment track; the support rod can rotate along the semicircular adjustment track; the pressure sensor is arranged on the other end of the support rod, and its sensing direction is consistent with the axial direction of the support rod;

[0018] A fastener is used to fix the support rod to the semicircular adjustment track when the support rod is rotated to a preset position.

[0019] Optionally, the floating module includes:

[0020] A support block is arranged on the fixed track and can slide along the fixed track;

[0021] The buoy is fixed on the supporting block and is used for floating on the water surface.

[0022] Optionally, reinforcing ribs are provided inside the buoy.

[0023] Optionally, a water level sensor is provided on the buoy, and the water level sensor is used to measure the water level of the water area where the buoy is located.

[0024] Optionally, the buoy is made of stainless metal material.

[0025] Optionally, the spacing between adjacent sliders is 30 cm to 50 cm.

[0026] Optionally, the connecting rod is made of rigid metal material.

[0027] The beneficial effects that the present invention can produce include:

[0028] The floating ice pressure monitoring device provided by the present invention is achieved by laying a fixed track in the water level variation area of ​​the slope facing the water, and then arranging a floating module and multiple measuring modules on the track. The buoyancy of the floating module can drive the multiple measuring modules to move along the track, so that the multiple measuring modules can automatically move with the change of the water surface height, which can effectively ensure that the pressure of different ice thicknesses under the required ice is measured.

[0029] The floating ice pressure monitoring device provided by the present invention is easy to construct, is not affected by the excavation and filling construction of slopes and dams, can be installed at any time after the slope is formed, and is easy to repair and replace; the device can effectively solve the problem of simultaneously observing ice pressures of different ice thicknesses and different directions; at the same time, the device can be used in working conditions of any ice thickness, and only needs to set measurement modules at different points and directions according to observation needs, and measurement modules can be added without limit within the fixed track range. The measurement modules of the device can be standardized in the factory and can be applied to any dam surface with different dam slope angles. It is simple and convenient to use and easy to repair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a floating ice pressure monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a measurement module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Float; 2. Slider; 3. Fixed track; 4. Semicircular adjustment track; 5. Support rod; 6. Pressure sensor; 7. Fastener; 8. Connecting rod; 9. Bearing; 10. Slope facing the water; 11. Expansion bolt; 12. Water level sensor; 13. Communication cable; 14. Upper limit of water level variation; 15. Lower limit of water level variation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention provides a floating ice pressure monitoring device, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the device comprises:

[0036] The fixed track 3 is laid on the water-facing slope 10 , and both ends thereof extend out of the water level variation area of ​​the water-facing slope 10 .

[0037] Specifically, expansion bolts 11 can be used to install and fix high-strength fixed rails 3 that are not easy to deform on the upstream dam surface of a reservoir dam with any slope m, the waterside slope and other slopes. The installation elevation of the fixed rails 3 can exceed the upper limit 14 and the lower limit 15 of the water level fluctuation in winter, that is, it covers the water level fluctuation area in winter and leaves a certain margin.

[0038] The purpose of installing the fixed rail 3 is to fix the slider 2 in the measuring module; installing it in the water level fluctuation area in winter is to ensure that the measuring module can be within the ice thickness no matter at which water level ice forms.

[0039] The floating module is slidably arranged on the fixed track 3 and floats on the water surface.

[0040] The floating module may include: a support block, which is arranged on a fixed track 3 and can slide along the fixed track 3; and a buoy 1, which is fixed on the support block and is used to float on the water surface.

[0041] Specifically, a floating pontoon 1 is fixed on the uppermost support block. The pontoon 1 can be made of stainless metal material. The main purpose of using stainless metal material is to ensure sealing while ensuring that it is not damaged by ice pressure when wrapped in ice. Reinforcing ribs can be set inside the pontoon 1 to increase the rigidity of the pontoon 1.

[0042] A plurality of measuring modules are slidably arranged on a fixed track 3 in sequence and are all located below the floating module; two adjacent measuring modules are connected by a connecting rod 8; the measuring module close to the floating module is connected to the bottom end of the floating module; each measuring module is used to measure the ice pressure of the ice layer at its location.

[0043] The connecting rod 8 can be made of a rigid metal material.

[0044] The measuring module may include: a slider 2, which is slidably arranged on a fixed track 3; and a pressure sensor 6, which is arranged on the slider 2 and is used to measure the ice pressure of the ice layer at the position where the slider is located.

[0045] In practical applications, the spacing between adjacent sliders 2 can be set to 30 cm to 50 cm.

[0046] Specifically, a slider 2 is installed on the fixed track 3, and it is required that the slider 2 can slide along the fixed track 3 and be in close contact. The slider 2 can slide freely along the fixed track 3. Any number of sliders 2 ≥ 2 can be set as needed, and the number of sliders 2 can be determined according to the thickness of the ice layer over the years; the first slider 2 is set below the support block and maintained 10cm~15cm below the water surface. The spacing between each slider 2 can be determined according to the position where the ice pressure needs to be monitored. In the embodiment of the present invention, the spacing between the sliders 2 can be set to 30cm~50cm.

[0047] The sliders 2 are connected by connecting rods 8, which are made of rigid metal materials, and their length can be set according to the spacing of the sliders 2. The purpose of the sliders 2 sliding along the fixed track 3 is to ensure that when the water level changes, the measuring module always moves on the fixed track 3 near the water surface, ensuring that at least one measuring module monitors the ice pressure inside the ice layer when ice forms; the main purpose of setting up multiple measuring modules is to monitor the ice pressure values ​​at different positions in the ice layer; the rigid metal connecting rod 8 is used mainly to ensure its reliability and the fixation of the relative positions between adjacent sliders 2.

[0048] In practical applications, the submerged depth of the buoy 1 should be less than the submerged depth of the first slider 2. This setting is intended to ensure that the buoy 1 does not affect the measurement of the measurement module. Of course, the first slider 2 can also be directly fixed to the bottom end of the buoy 1.

[0049] Furthermore, the measuring module also includes: an angle adjustment unit, which is arranged on the slider 2; the pressure sensor 6 is arranged on the angle adjustment unit; and the angle adjustment unit is used to adjust the measuring angle of the pressure sensor 6.

[0050] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the angle adjustment unit includes: a semicircular adjustment track 4, which is arranged on a slider; a support rod 5, one end of which is fixed at the center of the semicircular adjustment track 4 through a bearing 9; the support rod 5 can rotate along the semicircular adjustment track 4; a pressure sensor 6 is arranged on the other end of the support rod 5, and its sensing direction is consistent with the axial direction of the support rod 5; a fastener 7 is used to fix the support rod 5 to the semicircular adjustment track 4 when the support rod 5 rotates to a preset position.

[0051] The slide block 2 is provided with a semicircular adjustment track 4 whose direction can be adjusted by 180°. The semicircular adjustment track 4 is provided with a support rod 5 which allows rotation along the center of the circle. The support rod 5 is adjusted and fixed in its direction on the semicircular adjustment track 4 by a fastener 7. In practical applications, the fastener 7 can be a fastening bolt.

[0052] By adjusting the position of the support rod 5, the water-facing slope 10 with different slopes can be adapted and the ice pressure in different directions can be measured.

[0053] A pressure sensor 6 is installed on the top of the support rod 5, and its sensing direction is set to be consistent with the axial direction of the support rod 5, so as to facilitate setting the monitoring direction during on-site installation.

[0054] Each set of sliders 2, semicircular adjustment rails 4, support rods 5 and pressure sensors 6 constitute a measurement module. The measurement direction of each measurement module can be set arbitrarily according to needs and is not required to be consistent. The buoy 1 and the connected support blocks constitute a floating module.

[0055] In order to ensure that the measuring modules can change in coordination with the change of the water surface elevation, it is required that the maximum buoyancy that the buoy 1 can provide in the direction of the fixed track 3 is greater than the downward gravity of all the measuring modules and the floating modules. ,in, is the maximum buoyancy that buoy 1 can provide, is the downward gravity on the floating module, For the The downward gravity of each measurement module, It is the angle between the water-facing slope and the vertical downward direction; in actual use, the buoyancy provided by the floating module will produce a balance with the sum of the gravity of all measurement modules and the floating module, and the buoy 1 is not necessarily completely submerged.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present invention, a water level sensor 12 is provided on the buoy 1 , and the water level sensor 12 is used to measure the water level of the water area where the buoy 1 is located.

[0057] By arranging a water level sensor 12 on the surface of the buoy 1, the distance between each measuring module and the water surface (ice surface) can be determined.

[0058] In practical applications, the communication cables 13 of each sensor can be fixed along the slider 2 and the connecting rod 8 and firmly fixed on the uppermost support block. The cable length needs to meet the change of the measuring module with the water surface.

[0059] The following describes the operation method of the floating ice pressure monitoring device, which specifically includes the following aspects:

[0060] (1) The fixed track 3 of this device is fixed in the water level fluctuation area in winter, while the buoy 1 and the slider 2 of the measuring module can be disassembled. In the non-freezing season every year, the buoy 1 and the slider 2 are removed for inspection, repair and maintenance.

[0061] (2) Before freezing every year, adjust the direction of the support rod 5 on the measuring module according to the upstream dam surface of the reservoir dam, the slope angle of the waterside slope and the direction of the ice pressure to be monitored, that is, adjust the sensing direction of the pressure sensor 6. The direction of the support rod 5 can be different for different measuring modules. The support block of the floating module and the slider 2 of the measuring module can be placed on a fixed slide. The number of sliders 2 is not limited, and some sliders 2 can be allowed to exceed the ice layer and be located in the water below the ice layer; before freezing, the buoy 1 of the floating module drives the measuring module to float at a certain depth below the water surface as the water level changes.

[0062] (3) After the reservoir water freezes, the measurement module can continuously measure the value of ice pressure and can measure the change of ice pressure when the thickness of the ice layer changes.

[0063] (4) After the freezing period, when the ice melts, the buoy 1 and the slider 2 can be removed for inspection, repair and maintenance.

[0064] The present invention lays a fixed track 3 in the water level variation area of ​​the water-facing slope 10, and then arranges a floating module and a plurality of measuring modules on the track. The buoyancy of the floating module can drive the plurality of measuring modules to move along the track, so that the plurality of measuring modules can automatically move with the change of the water surface height, thereby effectively ensuring that the required pressure of different ice thicknesses under the ice is measured.

[0065] The floating ice pressure monitoring device provided by the present invention is easy to construct, is not affected by the excavation and filling construction of slopes, dams, etc., can be installed at any time after the slope is formed, and is easy to repair and replace; the device can effectively solve the problem of simultaneously observing ice pressures of different ice thicknesses and different directions; at the same time, the device can be used in working conditions of any ice thickness, and only needs to set measurement modules at different points and directions according to observation needs, and measurement modules can be added without limit within the range of the fixed track 3. The measurement modules of the device can be standardized in the factory and can be applied to any dam surface with different dam slope angles. It is simple and convenient to use and easy to repair.

[0066] The above are only a few embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. Although the present application is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any technician familiar with the profession, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, using the technical content disclosed above to make slight changes or modifications are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A floating ice pressure monitoring device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A fixed track is laid on the water-facing slope, and its two ends extend out of the water level variation area of ​​the water-facing slope; A floating module is slidably arranged on the fixed track and floats on the water surface; A plurality of measuring modules are sequentially slidably arranged on the fixed track and are all located below the floating module; two adjacent measuring modules are connected by a connecting rod; a measuring module close to the floating module is connected to the bottom end of the floating module; each measuring module is used to measure the ice pressure of the ice layer at its location; The measurement module comprises: A slider, slidably arranged on the fixed track; An angle adjustment unit, arranged on the slider; The pressure sensor is arranged on the angle adjustment unit and is used to measure the ice pressure of the ice layer at the position where the pressure sensor is located; the angle adjustment unit is used to adjust the measuring angle of the pressure sensor.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The angle adjustment unit comprises: A semicircular adjustment track, arranged on the slider; A support rod, one end of which is fixed at the center of the semicircular adjustment track; the support rod can rotate along the semicircular adjustment track; the pressure sensor is arranged on the other end of the support rod, and its sensing direction is consistent with the axial direction of the support rod; A fastener is used to fix the support rod to the semicircular adjustment track when the support rod is rotated to a preset position.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The floating module comprises: A support block is arranged on the fixed track and can slide along the fixed track; The buoy is fixed on the supporting block and is used for floating on the water surface.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that Reinforcing ribs are arranged inside the buoy.

5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The buoy is provided with a water level sensor, and the water level sensor is used to measure the water level of the water area where the buoy is located.

6. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The buoy is made of stainless metal material.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The distance between adjacent sliders is 30cm~50cm.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The connecting rod is made of rigid metal material.

Images