A water conservancy project management and control system and method based on digital twin

Abstract

The present invention discloses a water conservancy project management and control system and method based on digital twins, which relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects. The system constructs a water flow prediction formula, a water flow gathering position prediction formula and an equipment pressure resistance performance evaluation formula through a prediction and analysis module, and calculates and obtains the water flow Q(t), the water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the monitored river in real time. The comprehensive calculation and analysis module calculates the first evaluation index Re(t), and compares and evaluates it with the preset first reliable threshold T1, and preliminarily analyzes the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under flood conditions. If the equipment is unreliable under flood conditions, the abnormal warning module will further calculate in combination with environmental factors, obtain the second evaluation index Re2(t), and compare and evaluate it with the second reliable threshold T2, and generate a corresponding warning level, providing a more detailed reliability evaluation to ensure the safety of water conservancy equipment under the influence of various environmental factors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and specifically to a water conservancy project management and control system and method based on digital twins. Background Art

[0002] At present, the traditional water conservancy equipment monitoring system is difficult to cope with the complex and changeable flood environment because it relies on single historical data and static analysis methods. This lack of dynamic real-time monitoring and comprehensive evaluation has led to significant deficiencies in the disaster resistance and emergency response effects of water conservancy equipment in the face of sudden flood events. At the same time, traditional systems are difficult to consider the combined impact of multiple environmental factors, which have a huge impact on the performance of water conservancy equipment during floods. Once water conservancy equipment fails under flood conditions, it may cause river flooding. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a water conservancy project management and control system and method based on digital twins, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented by a water conservancy project management and control system based on digital twins, and the water conservancy project management and control system includes:

[0005] Data acquisition module, digital twin module, prediction and analysis module, comprehensive calculation and analysis module and abnormal warning module;

[0006] The data acquisition module is used to set up monitoring points around the monitored river and the monitored water conservancy equipment, and install monitoring equipment to collect water condition data of the monitored river and equipment compression performance data of the water conservancy equipment in real time, and pre-process the collected data;

[0007] The digital twin module is used to create a three-dimensional digital model of water conservancy equipment, and use finite element analysis (FEA) to simulate the physical and mechanical characteristics of water conservancy equipment. It also uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the hydrological characteristics of rivers, and performs parameter simulation of rivers and water conservancy equipment based on real-time collected water conditions data and equipment compression performance data.

[0008] The prediction and analysis module is used to construct a water flow prediction formula, a water flow gathering position prediction formula and an equipment pressure resistance performance evaluation formula using the collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data, and transmit the real-time collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data to the constructed prediction formula to calculate and obtain the water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment;

[0009] The comprehensive calculation and analysis module is used to process the acquired water flow Q(t), water flow gathering point P(t) and the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment dimensionlessly, perform correlation calculation to obtain the first evaluation index Re(t) and preset the first reliable threshold T1, and perform preliminary comparative evaluation and analysis on the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under flood conditions;

[0010] The abnormal warning module is used to further calculate and obtain the second evaluation index Re2(t) in combination with environmental factors when it is analyzed that the water conservancy equipment is unreliable under flood conditions, and preset the second reliability threshold T2 and the second evaluation index Re2(t) for secondary comparative evaluation, so as to further analyze the performance of the water conservancy equipment under different water flow rates and water flow concentration locations.

[0011] Preferably, the data acquisition module includes a water regime data acquisition unit, a water conservancy equipment pressure resistance data acquisition unit and a data preprocessing unit;

[0012] The water condition data acquisition unit includes a water flow data acquisition unit and a water flow aggregation data acquisition unit, which is used to monitor and collect the water condition data of the monitored river in real time by installing a water condition sensor group in the catchment area of ​​the monitored river, and transmit the water condition data to the data preprocessing unit by wireless transmission. The water condition sensor group includes a water flow monitoring sensor group and a water flow aggregation monitoring sensor group, and the water condition data includes water flow data and water flow aggregation data;

[0013] The water flow data acquisition unit is used to monitor the water flow data of the river in real time based on the water flow sensor group, and the water flow sensor group includes a rain gauge, a field permeameter and a remote sensing satellite sensor, which respectively collects the rainfall R, soil permeability Ps, vegetation coverage area Vc, and catchment area A of the water flow data;

[0014] The water flow gathering data acquisition unit is used to collect water flow gathering data in real time based on the water flow gathering monitoring sensor group, the water flow gathering monitoring sensor group includes a water level sensor, a flow sensor and a static hardness meter, and the water flow gathering data includes water level H, flow velocity V, river channel length L and surface hardness Sh;

[0015] The water conservancy equipment pressure resistance data acquisition unit is used to build an API application interface and integrate it with the database of water conservancy equipment, extract the operation and maintenance logs of the water conservancy equipment in the database in real time, and extract and summarize the maintenance times Wh, equipment service life Nx and equipment failure rate Gz of the water conservancy equipment in the operation and maintenance logs of the water conservancy equipment in real time to obtain the equipment pressure resistance performance data of the water conservancy equipment.

[0016] Preferably, the data preprocessing unit is used to remove noise and outliers from the collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data, and to format data from different sources. At the same time, feature extraction is performed on the collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data through time series analysis to obtain the predicted rainfall R, flow velocity V, maintenance times Wh and equipment failure rate Gz at time t.

[0017] Preferably, the digital twin module includes a water conservancy equipment simulation unit, a hydrological characteristic simulation unit and a visualization integration unit;

[0018] The hydraulic equipment simulation unit includes a physical simulation unit and a mechanical property simulation unit;

[0019] The physical simulation unit extracts the structural drawings and technical specifications of the equipment from the design documents, uses the modeling tools SolidWorks, AutoCAD, CATIA and PTC Creo to establish a three-dimensional digital model of the water conservancy equipment, simulates the geometric shape, material properties and component structure of the equipment, and adds various details of the equipment to the water conservancy equipment, including pipe interfaces, mounting brackets and seals. After the preliminary modeling is completed, the ANSYS Mechanical, ABAQUS and COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software group are used to define the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio and strength limit physical properties of the water conservancy equipment material for the constructed three-dimensional digital model of the water conservancy equipment, and at the same time set the fixed points, loading points and constraints of the water conservancy equipment, perform static analysis, dynamic analysis and fatigue analysis, and simulate the mechanical response of the water conservancy equipment under flood loads;

[0020] The mechanical property simulation unit is used to input the mechanical property parameters of the equipment, including compressive strength and bending resistance, and then perform finite element analysis FEA after input to simulate the stress, strain and deformation of the mechanical properties of the hydraulic equipment under different working conditions;

[0021] The hydrological characteristic simulation unit is used to establish a water flow model of the river, including the river channel geometry, flow velocity distribution and boundary conditions, and then use the Navier-Stokes equation to simulate the momentum, energy and mass changes of the water flow, analyze the simulation results of the river through computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and evaluate the velocity field, pressure field and turbulence characteristics of the water flow;

[0022] The visualization integration unit is used to import the water conservancy equipment model into the water flow model for integration to obtain the digital twin model, and then transmit the real-time collected and monitored water conditions data of the river and the equipment compressive performance data of the water conservancy equipment to the finite element analysis FEA and computational fluid dynamics CFD for dynamic simulation, and import the dynamic simulation results into the digital twin model, update the status of the river and water conservancy equipment in real time, and display the simulation data through a graphical interface to provide user interaction functions.

[0023] Preferably, the prediction and analysis module includes a water flow prediction unit, a water flow gathering position prediction unit and an equipment pressure resistance performance prediction unit;

[0024] The water flow prediction unit is used to construct a water flow prediction formula, calculate and obtain the water flow Q(t) per unit time t in the river based on the pre-processed water flow data, and predict the flow of the river water body;

[0025] The water flow Q(t) is obtained by the following prediction formula:

[0026]

[0027] Where k is a constant used to adjust the unit and ratio, R(t) is the rainfall at time t, a is the preset weight value of soil permeability and vegetation coverage, and its specific parameters are set by the user, A is the catchment area, d is the integral variable, and t is the time.

[0028] Preferably, the water flow gathering position prediction unit is used to construct a water flow gathering prediction formula, calculate and obtain the water flow gathering height P(t) based on the preprocessed water flow gathering data, and predict the water accumulation area formed by the flood in the river;

[0029] The water flow gathering height P(t) is obtained by the following algorithm formula:

[0030]

[0031] Where H(t) represents the water level at time t, V(t) represents the flow velocity at time t, L represents the length of the river, b represents the preset weight value of the surface hardness Sh, and Sh(t) represents the surface hardness at time t.

[0032] Preferably, the equipment pressure resistance performance prediction unit is used to construct a pressure resistance performance formula for water conservancy equipment, calculate and obtain the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment based on the preprocessed equipment pressure resistance performance data, and predict the bearing capacity of the current water conservancy equipment at the future time t;

[0033] The actual compressive strength index C(t) of the equipment is obtained by the following algorithm formula:

[0034]

[0035] Where C(t) represents the equipment's time pressure resistance performance index at time t, in units of Pa, C represents the equipment's nominal pressure resistance performance in units of Pa, w represents the preset weight value of the maintenance times Wh, W(t) represents the maintenance times at time t, and g represents the preset weight value of the failure rate.

[0036] Preferably, the comprehensive calculation and analysis module includes a comprehensive calculation unit and a preliminary evaluation unit;

[0037] The comprehensive calculation unit is used to perform dimensionless processing on the acquired water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual compressive strength index C(t) of the equipment, and then perform correlation calculation to obtain the first evaluation index Re(t), so as to comprehensively analyze the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under flood conditions;

[0038] The first evaluation index Re(t) is obtained by the following algorithm formula:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, S represents the safety factor, which is used to adjust the evaluation results to ensure the safety of the equipment in actual situations. Q(t)*P(t) represents the product of water flow and water flow gathering location, which represents the overall risk of flooding. C(t) represents the actual pressure resistance of the equipment, which evaluates the performance of the equipment under the current water flow conditions.

[0041] The preliminary evaluation unit is used to preset a first reliability threshold T1 according to the design specifications and historical data of the water conservancy equipment, and to perform a preliminary comparative evaluation with the obtained first evaluation index Re(t), so as to evaluate the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under flood conditions. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows;

[0042] When the first evaluation index Re(t)>the first reliable threshold T1, it indicates that the water conservancy equipment can reliably continue real-time monitoring under the current flood conditions;

[0043] When the first evaluation index Re(t) ≤ the first reliability threshold T1, it indicates that the water conservancy equipment is unreliable under the current flood conditions, and early warning measures and further maintenance operations are needed.

[0044] Preferably, the abnormal warning module includes a warning indicator calculation unit and a warning evaluation unit;

[0045] The early warning index calculation unit is used to further analyze the reliability of the equipment at different water flow rates Q(t) and water flow concentration heights P(t) in combination with the obtained first evaluation index Re(t), and perform associated calculations to obtain a second evaluation index Re2(t);

[0046] The second evaluation index Re2(t) is calculated by the following algorithm formula:

[0047]

[0048] In the formula, dt represents the time-integrated variable, Ps(t) represents the soil permeability at time t, and Vc(t) represents the vegetation coverage at time t. It represents the time integration of soil permeability, considering the impact of the change of soil permeability over a period of time on flood risk. It represents the time integration of vegetation coverage, considering the impact of changes in vegetation coverage over a period of time on flood risk;

[0049] The early warning evaluation unit is used to preset the second reliability threshold T2 and the obtained second evaluation index Re2(t), perform secondary comparative evaluation, further analyze the reliability of water conservancy equipment after being affected by multiple environmental factors, and generate corresponding early warning levels. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows;

[0050] When the second evaluation index Re2(t)> the second reliability threshold T2, it means that the water conservancy equipment is still reliable under flood conditions after comprehensive environmental factors. At this time, a "level 3 warning information" is generated to remind water conservancy workers to continue to maintain the water conservancy equipment;

[0051] When the second evaluation index Re2(t) = the second reliable threshold T2, it means that the flood conditions of the water conservancy equipment after comprehensive environmental factors are unreliable and there is a potential danger. At this time, a "secondary warning information" is generated to prompt relevant staff to immediately inspect and repair the water conservancy equipment;

[0052] When the second evaluation index Re2(t) is less than the second reliable threshold T2, it indicates that the flood conditions of the water conservancy equipment are unreliable after comprehensive environmental factors. At this time, a "first-level warning information" is generated to automatically trigger the early warning alarm system and notify relevant departments and personnel to formulate emergency plans.

[0053] A water conservancy project management and control method based on digital twins includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. First, install a water flow monitoring sensor group and a water flow aggregation monitoring sensor group around the monitored river and water conservancy equipment to collect water flow data and water flow aggregation data in real time. At the same time, build an API application interface to integrate with the database of water conservancy equipment, extract equipment pressure resistance data in the operation and maintenance log in real time, and then pre-process the collected data;

[0055] S2. Use modeling tools to create a three-dimensional digital model of water conservancy equipment and simulate the physical and mechanical properties of water conservancy equipment. Use finite element analysis (FEA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools to simulate the mechanical properties of water conservancy equipment under different working conditions and the hydrological characteristics of the river. Then load the real-time collected water conditions data and equipment compression performance data, dynamically update the status of the river and water conservancy equipment, and import the simulation results into the digital twin model through the visual integration unit and display them through a graphical interface.

[0056] S3, constructing a water flow prediction formula, a water flow gathering position prediction formula and an equipment pressure resistance performance evaluation formula using the collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data, and transmitting the real-time collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data to the constructed prediction formula, and calculating and obtaining the water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment;

[0057] S4, after dimensionless processing of the obtained water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual compressive strength index C(t), a correlation calculation is performed to obtain the first evaluation index Re(t), and a first reliable threshold T1 is preset to compare and evaluate with the first evaluation index Re(t), and a preliminary analysis of the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under the current flood conditions is performed;

[0058] S5. Finally, combined with the first evaluation index Re(t), the reliability of the equipment under different environmental factors is further analyzed, and the second evaluation index Re2(t) is calculated and compared with the preset second reliability threshold T2 for secondary comparative evaluation. Further, a more detailed evaluation is performed when the equipment is unreliable and early warning information is generated.

[0059] The present invention provides a water conservancy project management and control system and method based on digital twins.

[0060] Beneficial effects:

[0061] (1) The system uses the data acquisition module to monitor river water conditions and the pressure resistance of water conservancy equipment in real time to ensure that the collected data is up-to-date and accurate. Water flow data is combined with water flow aggregation data to form a comprehensive water condition monitoring. Equipment pressure resistance performance data is extracted from the equipment operation and maintenance log through the API interface, and all collected data is pre-processed to eliminate noise and outliers, improve data quality, and ensure the reliability of subsequent analysis. The system can update the status of rivers and water conservancy equipment in real time and display it through a visual interface, so that users can understand the current situation at any time.

[0062] (2) The system constructs a water flow prediction formula, a water flow gathering position prediction formula and an equipment pressure resistance performance evaluation formula through the prediction and analysis module, and calculates and obtains the water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the monitored river in real time. The comprehensive calculation and analysis module performs dimensionless processing on these parameters, calculates the first evaluation index Re(t), and compares and evaluates it with the preset first reliable threshold T1, and preliminarily analyzes the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under flood conditions. If the equipment is unreliable under flood conditions, the abnormal warning module will further calculate in combination with environmental factors to obtain the second evaluation index Re2(t), and compare and evaluate it with the second reliable threshold T2, generate the corresponding warning level, and provide a more detailed reliability evaluation to ensure the safety of water conservancy equipment under the influence of various environmental factors.

[0063] (3) The system uses digital twin technology to create a three-dimensional digital model of water conservancy equipment, and uses finite element analysis (FEA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to perform parameter simulation of rivers and water conservancy equipment. The water conservancy equipment simulation unit predicts the mechanical response and stress distribution of the equipment under different working conditions through physical and mechanical property simulation. The hydrological characteristic simulation unit simulates the momentum, energy and mass changes of the water flow through the Navier-Stokes equations to evaluate the velocity field, pressure field and turbulence characteristics of the water flow. All simulation results are imported into the digital twin model, and the status of the river and water conservancy equipment is updated in real time. It is displayed through a graphical interface and provides user interaction functions. This not only improves the accuracy of the prediction, but also makes it easier for users to intuitively understand and analyze the operating status and potential risks of water conservancy equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of a water conservancy project management and control system based on digital twins of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of a water conservancy project management and control method based on digital twins of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] See also Figure 1, the present invention provides a water conservancy project management and control system based on digital twins. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: including a data acquisition module, a digital twin module, a prediction and analysis module, a comprehensive calculation and analysis module and an abnormal warning module;

[0069] The data acquisition module is used to set up monitoring points around the monitored river and the monitored water conservancy equipment, and install monitoring equipment to collect the water condition data of the monitored river and the equipment pressure resistance performance data of the water conservancy equipment in real time, and pre-process the collected data;

[0070] The digital twin module is used to create a three-dimensional digital model of water conservancy equipment, and use finite element analysis (FEA) to simulate the physical and mechanical characteristics of water conservancy equipment. It also uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the hydrological characteristics of rivers, and performs parameter simulation of rivers and water conservancy equipment based on real-time collected water conditions data and equipment pressure resistance data.

[0071] The prediction and analysis module is used to construct the water flow prediction formula, the water flow gathering position prediction formula and the equipment pressure resistance performance evaluation formula with the collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data, and transmit the real-time collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data to the constructed prediction formula to calculate and obtain the water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment;

[0072] The comprehensive calculation and analysis module is used to process the acquired water flow Q(t), water flow gathering point P(t) and the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment dimensionlessly, perform correlation calculation to obtain the first evaluation index Re(t) and preset the first reliable threshold T1, and conduct preliminary comparative evaluation and analysis on the reliability of water conservancy equipment under flood conditions;

[0073] The abnormal warning module is used to further calculate and obtain the second evaluation index Re2(t) in combination with environmental factors when it is analyzed that the water conservancy equipment is unreliable under flood conditions, and preset the second reliability threshold T2 and the second evaluation index Re2(t) for secondary comparative evaluation, so as to further analyze the performance of the water conservancy equipment under different water flow rates and water flow concentration locations.

[0074] In this embodiment, the system sets monitoring points and installs monitoring equipment around the river and water conservancy equipment through the data acquisition module, collects water condition data and equipment pressure resistance data in real time, and performs preprocessing. This process ensures the real-time and accuracy of the data, laying a solid foundation for subsequent simulation and analysis. The digital twin module creates a three-dimensional digital model, combines finite element analysis FEA and computational fluid dynamics CFD, and performs parameter simulation of the hydrological characteristics of the river and the physical and mechanical characteristics of the water conservancy equipment, providing an accurate and dynamic simulation environment. The prediction and analysis module uses the collected data to construct a water flow prediction formula, a water flow gathering position prediction formula, and an equipment pressure resistance performance evaluation formula, and calculates the water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual equipment pressure resistance index C(t) in real time. The comprehensive calculation and analysis module performs dimensionless processing and correlation calculations on these parameters, obtains the first evaluation index Re(t), and compares and evaluates it with the preset first reliable threshold T1, and preliminarily analyzes the reliability of water conservancy equipment under flood conditions. When the equipment is unreliable under flood conditions, the abnormal warning module combines environmental factors to further calculate the second evaluation index Re2(t), and compares and evaluates it with the second reliable threshold T2, deeply analyzing the performance of water conservancy equipment under different water flow rates and water flow concentration locations, thereby achieving more accurate early warning and reliability analysis. Compared with existing technical means, the system has brought significant improvements in the real-time and accuracy of data, the accuracy of simulation, and the comprehensiveness of prediction and evaluation. Through digital twin technology and multi-level evaluation mechanisms, the system can provide more reliable early warning information under flood conditions, ensure the safe operation of water conservancy equipment, reduce flood risks, and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of overall flood control management. This innovative early warning system not only improves the accuracy and timeliness of predictions, but also provides more intuitive and comprehensive decision-making support for water conservancy managers, significantly improving the reliability and safety of water conservancy equipment under complex environmental conditions.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically: the data acquisition module includes a water regime data acquisition unit, a water conservancy equipment pressure resistance data acquisition unit and a data preprocessing unit;

[0077] The water regime data collection unit includes a water flow data collection unit and a water flow aggregation data collection unit, which is used to install a water regime sensor group in the catchment area of ​​the monitored river to monitor and collect the water regime data of the monitored river in real time, and transmit the data to the data preprocessing unit by wireless transmission. The water regime sensor group includes a water flow monitoring sensor group and a water flow aggregation monitoring sensor group, and the water regime data includes water flow data and water flow aggregation data;

[0078] The water flow data acquisition unit is used to monitor the water flow data of the river in real time based on the water flow sensor group. The water flow sensor group includes a rain gauge, a field permeameter and a remote sensing satellite sensor, which respectively collects the rainfall R, soil permeability Ps, vegetation coverage area Vc and catchment area A of the water flow data;

[0079] The water flow gathering data acquisition unit is used to collect water flow gathering data in real time based on the water flow gathering monitoring sensor group. The water flow gathering monitoring sensor group includes a water level sensor, a flow sensor and a static hardness meter. The water flow gathering data includes water level H, flow velocity V, river channel length L and surface hardness Sh;

[0080] The water conservancy equipment pressure resistance data acquisition unit is used to build an API application interface to integrate with the database of water conservancy equipment, extract the operation and maintenance logs of the water conservancy equipment in the database in real time, and extract and summarize the maintenance times Wh, equipment service life Nx and equipment failure rate Gz of the water conservancy equipment in the operation and maintenance logs of the water conservancy equipment in real time to obtain the equipment pressure resistance performance data of the water conservancy equipment.

[0081] The data preprocessing unit is used to remove noise and outliers from the collected water situation data and equipment pressure resistance performance data, and to format data from different sources. At the same time, the collected water situation data and equipment pressure resistance performance data are subjected to feature extraction through time series analysis to obtain the predicted rainfall R, flow velocity V, maintenance times Wh and equipment failure rate Gz at time t.

[0082] In this embodiment, the system monitors the river installation water sensor group in real time through the water condition data acquisition unit of the data acquisition module, can monitor and collect water condition data in real time, and transmit the data to the data preprocessing unit through wireless transmission. The water flow aggregation data acquisition unit collects water flow aggregation data in real time through the water flow aggregation monitoring sensor group. These comprehensive water condition data provide detailed environmental information for the system, which is conducive to more accurate hydrological feature simulation and predictive analysis. The water conservancy equipment pressure resistance data acquisition unit is integrated with the database of water conservancy equipment through the API application program interface, and can extract the operation and maintenance log information of the equipment in real time. After these data are aggregated, the equipment pressure resistance performance data is formed, which provides a reliable data basis for the subsequent equipment pressure resistance performance evaluation. The data preprocessing unit removes noise and outliers from the collected data, and extracts data features through time series analysis to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. In addition, the preprocessing unit can also extract features from the collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data through time series analysis, so that the system can identify potential risks and problems in advance.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1,Specifically: the digital twin module includes a water conservancy equipment simulation unit, a ,hydrological characteristic simulation unit and a visualization integration unit;

[0085] The hydraulic equipment simulation unit includes a physical simulation unit and a mechanical property simulation unit;

[0086] The physical simulation unit extracts the structural drawings and technical specifications of the equipment from the design documents, uses the modeling tools SolidWorks, AutoCAD, CATIA and PTC Creo to build a three-dimensional digital model of the water conservancy equipment, simulates the geometric shape, material properties and component structure of the equipment, and adds various details of the equipment to the water conservancy equipment, including pipe interfaces, mounting brackets and seals. After the preliminary modeling is completed, the ANSYS Mechanical, ABAQUS and COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software group are used to define the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio and strength limit physical properties of the water conservancy equipment material for the constructed three-dimensional digital model of the water conservancy equipment. At the same time, the fixed points, loading points and constraints of the water conservancy equipment are set, and static analysis, dynamic analysis and fatigue analysis are performed to simulate the mechanical response of the water conservancy equipment under flood loads.

[0087] The mechanical property simulation unit is used to input the mechanical performance parameters of the equipment, including compressive strength and bending resistance, and then perform finite element analysis (FEA) to simulate the stress, strain and deformation of the mechanical characteristics of the hydraulic equipment under different working conditions;

[0088] The hydrological characteristics simulation unit is used to establish a river flow model, including the river channel geometry, velocity distribution and boundary conditions, and then use the Navier-Stokes equation to simulate the momentum, energy and mass changes of the water flow. The simulation results of the river are analyzed through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to evaluate the velocity field, pressure field and turbulence characteristics of the water flow.

[0089] The visualization integration unit is used to import the water conservancy equipment model into the water flow model for integration to obtain the digital twin model, and then transmit the real-time collected and monitored river water conditions data and the equipment compressive performance data of the water conservancy equipment to the finite element analysis FEA and computational fluid dynamics CFD for dynamic simulation. The dynamic simulation results are imported into the digital twin model, the status of the river and water conservancy equipment is updated in real time, and the simulation data is displayed through a graphical interface to provide user interaction functions.

[0090] In this embodiment, the system uses modeling tools such as SolidWorks, AutoCAD, CATIA and PTC Creo through the hydraulic equipment simulation unit to accurately reproduce the geometric shape and material properties of the equipment. Through the simulation of physical properties such as elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio and strength limit, as well as static, dynamic and fatigue analysis performed by ANSYS Mechanical, ABAQUS and COMSOL Multiphysics, the mechanical response of the equipment under flood load is deeply simulated, providing a solid data basis for mechanical performance evaluation. The hydrological characteristic simulation unit comprehensively analyzes the velocity field, pressure field and turbulence characteristics of the river by establishing a detailed river flow model, applying the Navier-Stokes equation and computational fluid dynamics CFD technology. By simulating the river channel geometry, flow velocity distribution and boundary conditions, the system can accurately predict the dynamic changes of the river under different environmental conditions, providing key water conditions data support for the digital twin model, enabling the system to perform accurate prediction and analysis in a complex natural environment. The visualization integration unit integrates the hydraulic equipment model and the water flow model to form an overall digital twin model. By importing and updating the water data of the monitored rivers and the pressure resistance data of the water conservancy equipment in real time, the system can dynamically simulate the state changes of the rivers and water conservancy equipment. The graphical interface displays the simulation data, and users can intuitively observe and analyze the real-time situation and make effective decisions and management. The user interaction function enhances the ease of use and flexibility of the system, allowing operators to respond quickly and take appropriate measures, significantly improving the safety and management efficiency of water conservancy equipment, and providing more reliable monitoring and early warning means.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] This embodiment is explained in Example 2. Please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically: the prediction and analysis module includes a water flow prediction unit, a water flow gathering ,position prediction unit and an equipment pressure resistance performance prediction unit;

[0093] The water flow prediction unit is used to construct a water flow prediction formula, calculate the water flow Q(t) per unit time t in the river based on the pre-processed water flow data, and predict the flow of the river water body;

[0094] The water flow Q(t) is obtained by the following prediction formula;

[0095]

[0096] Where k is a constant used to adjust the unit and ratio, R(t) is the rainfall at time t, a is the preset weight value of soil permeability and vegetation coverage, and its specific parameters are set by the user, A is the catchment area, d is the integral variable, and t is the time.

[0097] The water flow gathering position prediction unit is used to construct a water flow gathering prediction formula, calculate and obtain the water flow gathering height P(t) based on the pre-processed water flow gathering data, and predict the water accumulation area formed by the flood in the river;

[0098] The water flow gathering height P(t) is obtained by the following algorithm formula;

[0099]

[0100] Where H(t) represents the water level at time t, V(t) represents the flow velocity at time t, L represents the length of the river, b represents the preset weight value of the surface hardness Sh, and Sh(t) represents the surface hardness at time t.

[0101] The equipment pressure resistance performance prediction unit is used to construct the pressure resistance performance formula of water conservancy equipment, calculate and obtain the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment based on the pre-processed equipment pressure resistance performance data, and predict the bearing capacity of the current water conservancy equipment at the future time t;

[0102] The actual compressive strength index C(t) of the equipment is obtained through the following algorithm formula;

[0103]

[0104] Where C(t) represents the equipment's time pressure resistance performance index at time t, in units of Pa, C represents the equipment's nominal pressure resistance performance in units of Pa, w represents the preset weight value of the maintenance times Wh, W(t) represents the maintenance times at time t, and g represents the preset weight value of the failure rate.

[0105] In this embodiment, the system accurately calculates the water flow rate Q(t) per unit time in the river based on the preprocessed water data by constructing a water flow prediction formula through the water flow prediction unit. The formula is used to predict the water flow rate Q(t) per unit time in the river, which is a key parameter for assessing flood risks. Water flow is the main indicator for measuring the flow of river water bodies and directly affects the occurrence and development of floods. The water flow gathering position prediction unit calculates the water flow gathering height P(t) using the water flow gathering prediction formula. The formula is used to predict the gathering position of water flow in the river channel and help assess the water accumulation area that may be formed in the river due to floods. The equipment pressure resistance prediction unit evaluates the equipment pressure resistance C(t) through the equipment pressure resistance formula. The formula is used to evaluate the pressure resistance of water conservancy equipment during floods and determine whether the equipment can withstand the pressure of future water flow. Through these modules and units, the system can accurately predict the river water volume, flood formation area and equipment performance, thereby achieving effective monitoring and management of water conservancy facilities and improving safety and operational efficiency.

[0106] Example 4

[0107] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically: the comprehensive calculation and analysis module includes a ,comprehensive calculation unit and a preliminary evaluation unit;

[0108] The comprehensive calculation unit is used to perform dimensionless processing on the acquired water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual compressive strength index C(t) of the equipment, and then perform correlation calculation to obtain the first evaluation index Re(t), so as to comprehensively analyze the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under flood conditions;

[0109] The first evaluation index Re(t) is obtained by the following algorithm formula;

[0110]

[0111] In the formula, S represents the safety factor, which is used to adjust the evaluation results to ensure the safety of the equipment in actual situations. Q(t)*P(t) represents the product of water flow and water flow gathering location, which represents the overall risk of flooding. C(t) represents the actual pressure resistance of the equipment, which evaluates the performance of the equipment under the current water flow conditions.

[0112] The preliminary evaluation unit is used to preset the first reliability threshold T1 according to the design specifications and historical data of the water conservancy equipment, and to make a preliminary comparative evaluation with the obtained first evaluation index Re(t), so as to evaluate the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under flood conditions. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows;

[0113] When the first evaluation index Re(t)>the first reliable threshold T1, it indicates that the water conservancy equipment can reliably continue real-time monitoring under the current flood conditions;

[0114] When the first evaluation index Re(t) ≤ the first reliability threshold T1, it indicates that the water conservancy equipment is unreliable under the current flood conditions, and early warning measures and further maintenance operations are needed.

[0115] In this embodiment, the system significantly improves the safety and management efficiency of water conservancy equipment under flood conditions through the effective cooperation of the comprehensive calculation unit and the preliminary evaluation unit through the comprehensive calculation and analysis module. The comprehensive calculation unit combines the water flow Q(t), the water flow concentration height P(t) and the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment to generate a comprehensive reliability evaluation index Re(t), which provides a quantitative evaluation basis for the performance of the equipment under flood conditions. The preliminary evaluation unit compares this index with the preset threshold to ensure the reliability judgment of the equipment when facing floods and guide further maintenance and early warning measures.

[0116] Example 5

[0117] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically: the abnormal warning module includes a warning indicator calculation unit and a warning ,evaluation unit;

[0118] The early warning index calculation unit is used to further analyze the reliability of the equipment at different water flow rates Q(t) and water flow concentration heights P(t) by combining the first evaluation index Re(t) obtained, and perform associated calculations to obtain the second evaluation index Re2(t);

[0119] The second evaluation index Re2(t) is calculated by the following algorithm formula:

[0120]

[0121] In the formula, dt represents the time-integrated variable, Ps(t) represents the soil permeability at time t, and Vc(t) represents the vegetation coverage at time t. It represents the time integration of soil permeability, considering the impact of the change of soil permeability over a period of time on flood risk. It represents the time integration of vegetation coverage, considering the impact of changes in vegetation coverage over a period of time on flood risk;

[0122] The early warning evaluation unit is used to preset the second reliable threshold T2 and the obtained second evaluation index Re2(t), perform secondary comparative evaluation, further analyze the reliability of water conservancy equipment after being affected by multiple environmental factors, and generate corresponding early warning levels. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows;

[0123] When the second evaluation index Re2(t)> the second reliability threshold T2, it means that the water conservancy equipment is still reliable under flood conditions after comprehensive environmental factors. At this time, a "level 3 warning information" is generated to remind water conservancy workers to continue to maintain the water conservancy equipment;

[0124] When the second evaluation index Re2(t) = the second reliable threshold T2, it means that the flood conditions of the water conservancy equipment after comprehensive environmental factors are unreliable and there is a potential danger. At this time, a "secondary warning information" is generated to prompt relevant staff to immediately inspect and repair the water conservancy equipment;

[0125] When the second evaluation index Re2(t) is less than the second reliable threshold T2, it indicates that the flood conditions of the water conservancy equipment are unreliable after comprehensive environmental factors. At this time, a "first-level warning information" is generated to automatically trigger the early warning alarm system and notify relevant departments and personnel to formulate emergency plans.

[0126] In this embodiment, the system significantly improves the safety monitoring capability of water conservancy equipment under complex flood conditions through the effective cooperation of the early warning index calculation unit and the early warning evaluation unit through the abnormal early warning module. The early warning index calculation unit calculates and obtains the second evaluation index Re2(t) by introducing the dynamic changes of environmental factors, provides a more comprehensive evaluation of equipment reliability, and enhances the predictability and accuracy of flood risks. The early warning evaluation unit realizes the graded early warning and emergency response of flood risks by presetting the second reliable threshold T2 and the obtained second evaluation index Re2(t), setting the early warning level and the automated alarm mechanism, and improves the system's response capability and operating efficiency. By considering dynamic environmental factors, the system can provide a more detailed risk analysis, and improve the emergency response capability of flood risks through the automated early warning mechanism and clear early warning level. At the same time, based on the detailed evaluation results and early warning information, operators can make more scientific maintenance decisions to ensure the long-term safe operation of water conservancy equipment.

[0127] Example 6

[0128] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a water conservancy project management and control method based on digital twins, comprising the following steps:

[0129] S1. First, install a water flow monitoring sensor group and a water flow aggregation monitoring sensor group around the monitored river and water conservancy equipment to collect water flow data and water flow aggregation data in real time. At the same time, build an API application interface to integrate with the database of water conservancy equipment, extract equipment pressure resistance data in the operation and maintenance log in real time, and then pre-process the collected data;

[0130] S2. Use modeling tools to create a three-dimensional digital model of water conservancy equipment and simulate the physical and mechanical properties of water conservancy equipment. Use finite element analysis (FEA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools to simulate the mechanical properties of water conservancy equipment under different working conditions and the hydrological characteristics of the river. Then load the real-time collected water conditions data and equipment compression performance data, dynamically update the status of the river and water conservancy equipment, and import the simulation results into the digital twin model through the visual integration unit and display them through a graphical interface.

[0131] S3, constructing a water flow prediction formula, a water flow gathering position prediction formula and an equipment pressure resistance performance evaluation formula using the collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data, and transmitting the real-time collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data to the constructed prediction formula, and calculating and obtaining the water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment;

[0132] S4, after dimensionless processing of the obtained water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual compressive strength index C(t), a correlation calculation is performed to obtain the first evaluation index Re(t), and a first reliable threshold T1 is preset to compare and evaluate with the first evaluation index Re(t), and a preliminary analysis of the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under the current flood conditions is performed;

[0133] S5. Finally, combined with the first evaluation index Re(t), the reliability of the equipment under different environmental factors is further analyzed, and the second evaluation index Re2(t) is calculated and compared with the preset second reliability threshold T2 for secondary comparative evaluation. Further, a more detailed evaluation is performed when the equipment is unreliable and early warning information is generated.

[0134] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A water conservancy project management and control system based on digital twins, characterized by: It includes data acquisition module, digital twin module, prediction analysis module, comprehensive calculation analysis module and abnormal warning module; The data acquisition module is used to set up monitoring points around the monitored river and the monitored water conservancy equipment, and install monitoring equipment to collect water condition data of the monitored river and equipment compression performance data of the water conservancy equipment in real time, and pre-process the collected data; The digital twin module is used to create a three-dimensional digital model of water conservancy equipment, and use finite element analysis (FEA) to simulate the physical and mechanical characteristics of water conservancy equipment. It also uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the hydrological characteristics of rivers, and performs parameter simulation of rivers and water conservancy equipment based on real-time collected water conditions data and equipment compression performance data. The prediction and analysis module is used to construct a water flow prediction formula, a water flow gathering position prediction formula and an equipment pressure resistance performance evaluation formula using the collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data, and transmit the real-time collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data to the constructed prediction formula to calculate and obtain the water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual equipment pressure resistance index C(t); the prediction and analysis module includes a water flow prediction unit, a water flow gathering position prediction unit and an equipment pressure resistance performance prediction unit; the water flow prediction unit is used to construct a water flow prediction formula, calculate and obtain the water flow Q(t) per unit time t in the river based on the pre-processed water flow data, and predict the flow of the river water body; the water flow Q(t) is obtained by the following prediction formula; Where k represents a constant, R(t) represents the rainfall at time t, Ps represents soil permeability, Vc represents the vegetation coverage area, a represents the preset weight value of soil permeability and vegetation coverage, and its specific parameters are set by the user, A represents the catchment area, d represents the integral variable, and t represents time; The water flow gathering position prediction unit is used to construct a water flow gathering prediction formula, calculate and obtain the water flow gathering height P(t) based on the pre-processed water flow gathering data, and predict the water accumulation area formed by the flood in the river; The water flow gathering height P(t) is obtained by the following algorithm formula: Where H(t) represents the water level at time t, V(t) represents the flow velocity at time t, L represents the length of the river, b represents the preset weight value of the surface hardness Sh, and Sh(t) represents the surface hardness at time t; The equipment pressure resistance performance prediction unit is used to construct a pressure resistance performance formula for water conservancy equipment, calculate and obtain the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment based on the pre-processed equipment pressure resistance performance data, and predict the bearing capacity of the current water conservancy equipment at the future time t; the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment is obtained by the following algorithm formula; Where C(t) represents the equipment time pressure resistance performance index at time t, in units of Pa, C represents the nominal pressure resistance performance of the equipment in units of Pa, w represents the preset weight value of the maintenance times Wh, Wh(t) represents the maintenance times at time t, g represents the preset weight value of the failure rate, Nx represents the service life of the equipment, Gz represents the equipment failure rate, and Gz(t) represents the equipment failure rate at time t; The comprehensive calculation and analysis module is used to process the acquired water flow Q(t), water flow gathering point P(t) and the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment dimensionlessly, perform correlation calculation to obtain the first evaluation index Re(t) and preset the first reliable threshold T1, and perform preliminary comparative evaluation and analysis on the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under flood conditions; The abnormal warning module is used to further calculate and obtain the second evaluation index Re2(t) in combination with environmental factors when it is analyzed that the water conservancy equipment is unreliable under flood conditions, and preset the second reliability threshold T2 and the second evaluation index Re2(t) for secondary comparative evaluation, so as to further analyze the performance of the water conservancy equipment under different water flow rates and water flow concentration locations.

2. According to claim 1, a water conservancy project management and control system based on digital twins is characterized by: The data acquisition module includes a water regime data acquisition unit, a water conservancy equipment pressure resistance data acquisition unit and a data preprocessing unit; The water condition data acquisition unit includes a water flow data acquisition unit and a water flow aggregation data acquisition unit, which is used to monitor and collect the water condition data of the monitored river in real time by installing a water condition sensor group in the catchment area of ​​the monitored river, and transmit the water condition data to the data preprocessing unit by wireless transmission. The water condition sensor group includes a water flow monitoring sensor group and a water flow aggregation monitoring sensor group, and the water condition data includes water flow data and water flow aggregation data; The water flow data acquisition unit is used to monitor the water flow data of the river in real time based on the water flow sensor group, and the water flow sensor group includes a rain gauge, a field permeameter and a remote sensing satellite sensor, which respectively collects the rainfall R, soil permeability Ps, vegetation coverage area Vc, and catchment area A of the water flow data; The water flow gathering data acquisition unit is used to collect water flow gathering data in real time based on the water flow gathering monitoring sensor group, the water flow gathering monitoring sensor group includes a water level sensor, a flow sensor and a static hardness meter, and the water flow gathering data includes water level H, flow velocity V, river channel length L and surface hardness Sh; The water conservancy equipment pressure resistance data acquisition unit is used to build an API application interface and integrate it with the database of water conservancy equipment, extract the operation and maintenance logs of the water conservancy equipment in the database in real time, and extract and summarize the maintenance times Wh, equipment service life Nx and equipment failure rate Gz of the water conservancy equipment in the operation and maintenance logs of the water conservancy equipment in real time to obtain the equipment pressure resistance performance data of the water conservancy equipment.

3. A water conservancy project management and control system based on digital twin according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data preprocessing unit is used to remove noise and outliers from the collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data, and to format data from different sources. At the same time, feature extraction is performed on the collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data through time series analysis to obtain the predicted rainfall R, flow velocity V, maintenance times Wh and equipment failure rate Gz at time t.

4. A water conservancy project management and control system based on digital twin according to claim 3, characterized in that: The digital twin module includes a water conservancy equipment simulation unit, a hydrological characteristic simulation unit and a visualization integration unit; The hydraulic equipment simulation unit includes a physical simulation unit and a mechanical property simulation unit; The physical simulation unit extracts the structural drawings and technical specifications of the equipment from the design documents, uses the modeling tools to establish a three-dimensional digital model of the water conservancy equipment, simulates the geometric shape, material properties and component structure of the equipment, and adds various details of the equipment to the water conservancy equipment, including pipe interfaces, mounting brackets and seals. After the preliminary modeling is completed, the simulation software is used to define the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio and strength limit physical properties of the water conservancy equipment material for the constructed three-dimensional digital model of the water conservancy equipment, and at the same time sets the fixed points, loading points and constraints of the water conservancy equipment, performs static analysis, dynamic analysis and fatigue analysis, and simulates the mechanical response of the water conservancy equipment under flood loads; The mechanical property simulation unit is used to input the mechanical property parameters of the equipment, including compressive strength and bending resistance, and then perform finite element analysis FEA after input to simulate the stress, strain and deformation of the mechanical properties of the hydraulic equipment under different working conditions; The hydrological characteristic simulation unit is used to establish a water flow model of the river, including the river channel geometry, flow velocity distribution and boundary conditions, and then use the Navier-Stokes equation to simulate the momentum, energy and mass changes of the water flow, analyze the simulation results of the river through computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and evaluate the velocity field, pressure field and turbulence characteristics of the water flow; The visualization integration unit is used to import the water conservancy equipment model into the water flow model for integration to obtain the digital twin model, and then transmit the real-time collected and monitored water conditions data of the river and the equipment compressive performance data of the water conservancy equipment to the finite element analysis FEA and computational fluid dynamics CFD for dynamic simulation, and import the dynamic simulation results into the digital twin model, update the status of the river and water conservancy equipment in real time, and display the simulation data through a graphical interface to provide user interaction functions.

5. A water conservancy project management and control system based on digital twin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The comprehensive calculation and analysis module includes a comprehensive calculation unit and a preliminary evaluation unit; The comprehensive calculation unit is used to perform dimensionless processing on the acquired water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual compressive strength index C(t) of the equipment, and then perform correlation calculation to obtain the first evaluation index Re(t), so as to comprehensively analyze the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under flood conditions; The first evaluation index Re(t) is obtained by the following algorithm formula: In the formula, S represents the safety factor; The preliminary evaluation unit is used to preset a first reliability threshold T1 according to the design specifications and historical data of the water conservancy equipment, and to perform a preliminary comparative evaluation with the obtained first evaluation index Re(t), so as to evaluate the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under flood conditions. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows; When the first evaluation index Re(t)>the first reliable threshold T1, it indicates that the water conservancy equipment can reliably continue real-time monitoring under the current flood conditions; When the first evaluation index Re(t) ≤ the first reliability threshold T1, it indicates that the water conservancy equipment is unreliable under the current flood conditions, and early warning measures and further maintenance operations are needed.

6. A water conservancy project management and control system based on digital twin according to claim 5, characterized in that: The abnormal warning module includes a warning indicator calculation unit and a warning evaluation unit; The early warning index calculation unit is used to further analyze the reliability of the equipment at different water flow rates Q(t) and water flow concentration heights P(t) in combination with the obtained first evaluation index Re(t), and perform associated calculations to obtain a second evaluation index Re2(t)(t); The second evaluation index Re2(t) is calculated by the following algorithm formula: Where dt represents the time-integrated variable, Ps(t) represents the soil permeability at time t, Vc(t) represents the vegetation coverage at time t, and Sh(t) represents the surface hardness at time t. The early warning evaluation unit is used to preset the second reliability threshold T2 and the obtained second evaluation index Re2(t), perform secondary comparative evaluation, further analyze the reliability of water conservancy equipment after being affected by multiple environmental factors, and generate corresponding early warning levels. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows; When the second evaluation index Re2(t)> the second reliability threshold T2, it means that the water conservancy equipment is still reliable under flood conditions after comprehensive environmental factors. At this time, a "level 3 warning information" is generated to remind water conservancy workers to continue to maintain the water conservancy equipment; When the second evaluation index Re2(t) = the second reliable threshold T2, it means that the flood conditions of the water conservancy equipment after comprehensive environmental factors are unreliable and there is a potential danger. At this time, a "secondary warning information" is generated to prompt relevant staff to immediately inspect and repair the water conservancy equipment; When the second evaluation index Re2(t) is less than the second reliable threshold T2, it indicates that the flood conditions of the water conservancy equipment after comprehensive environmental factors are unreliable. At this time, a "first-level warning information" is generated to automatically trigger the early warning alarm system and notify relevant departments and personnel to formulate emergency plans.

7. A water conservancy project management and control method based on digital twins, applied to a water conservancy project management and control system based on digital twins as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. First, install a water flow monitoring sensor group and a water flow aggregation monitoring sensor group around the monitored river and water conservancy equipment to collect water flow data and water flow aggregation data in real time. At the same time, build an API application interface to integrate with the database of water conservancy equipment, extract equipment pressure resistance data in the operation and maintenance log in real time, and then pre-process the collected data; S2. Use modeling tools to create a three-dimensional digital model of water conservancy equipment and simulate the physical and mechanical properties of water conservancy equipment. Use finite element analysis (FEA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools to simulate the mechanical properties of water conservancy equipment under different working conditions and the hydrological characteristics of the river. Then load the real-time collected water conditions data and equipment compression performance data, dynamically update the status of the river and water conservancy equipment, and import the simulation results into the digital twin model through the visual integration unit and display them through a graphical interface. S3, constructing a water flow prediction formula, a water flow gathering position prediction formula and an equipment pressure resistance performance evaluation formula using the collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data, and transmitting the real-time collected water condition data and equipment pressure resistance performance data to the constructed prediction formula, and calculating and obtaining the water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual pressure resistance index C(t) of the equipment; S4, after dimensionless processing of the obtained water flow Q(t), water flow gathering height P(t) and the actual compressive strength index C(t), a correlation calculation is performed to obtain the first evaluation index Re(t), and a first reliable threshold T1 is preset to compare and evaluate with the first evaluation index Re(t), and a preliminary analysis of the reliability of the water conservancy equipment under the current flood conditions is performed; S5. Finally, combined with the first evaluation index Re(t), the reliability of the equipment under different environmental factors is further analyzed, and the second evaluation index Re2(t) is calculated and compared with the preset second reliability threshold T2 for secondary comparative evaluation. Further, a more detailed evaluation is performed when the equipment is unreliable and early warning information is generated.

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