River greenhouse gas emission evaluation system and method based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of environmental detection technology, and in particular to a river greenhouse gas emission evaluation system and method based on the Internet of Things. The steps of the method include: obtaining geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data of a river basin, and simultaneously obtaining water storage data and flood discharge data of a flood discharge reservoir; analyzing the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in a flood discharge area through geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data; analyzing the interference risk of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions through water storage data and flood discharge data; evaluating the greenhouse gas emissions of rivers in the flood discharge area based on the above analysis results; and providing greenhouse gas emission warnings for multiple river basins. By evaluating the greenhouse gas emissions of different river basins in a flood discharge area, it is possible to optimize the flood discharge plan, reduce greenhouse gas emissions from rivers, and reduce negative impacts on the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental detection technology, and in particular to a river greenhouse gas emission evaluation system and method based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] As an important link between land and ocean, the greenhouse gas emissions of rivers have a significant impact on the global carbon cycle and climate change. Therefore, accurate monitoring of river greenhouse gas emissions has become a measure that needs to be taken seriously on the road to environmental protection. In recent years, with the rapid development of the Internet of Things, the introduction and application of Internet of Things technology has made it possible to accurately monitor and evaluate river greenhouse gas emissions in real time. Applying Internet of Things technology to the traditional process of river greenhouse gas emission monitoring can achieve continuous, real-time, and remote monitoring of river greenhouse gas emissions, and automatically generate monitoring reports, providing strong support for scientific research, environmental protection, and policy making.

[0003] However, when evaluating greenhouse gas emissions, the existing technology only analyzes the greenhouse gas emissions of rivers under normal conditions based on physical parameters such as water temperature and flow rate of different types of rivers with large differences in topography or landforms, or by monitoring changes in dissolved oxygen in rivers. However, when a river is in a flood discharge state, the gas-liquid mass transfer in the river changes, and the greenhouse gas concentrations in different river basins vary greatly. As a result, the existing technology is unable to predict the greenhouse gas emissions of different river basins in the flood discharge area when the reservoir is discharging floods, and is unable to make an evaluation of the greenhouse gas emissions of rivers in the flood discharge area that is consistent with the actual situation, thereby affecting the ecological environment of the flood discharge area. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a river greenhouse gas emission evaluation system and method based on the Internet of Things. By evaluating the greenhouse gas emissions of different river basins in the flood discharge area when the reservoir is discharging flood water, the flood discharge plan of the flood discharge area can be optimized, the river greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced, and the negative impact on the river ecological environment can be reduced.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a river greenhouse gas emission evaluation method based on the Internet of Things, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Obtain geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data for multiple river basins in the flood discharge area, and simultaneously obtain water storage data and flood discharge data for flood discharge reservoirs;

[0008] S2. Substitute geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data into the basin emission risk model to analyze the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple basins of rivers in the flood discharge area;

[0009] S3. Substituting water storage data and flood discharge data into the flood discharge interference risk model to analyze the interference risk of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions;

[0010] S4. Evaluate the greenhouse gas emissions of rivers in the flood discharge area based on the greenhouse gas emission risk analysis results of multiple river basins and the interference risk analysis results of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions;

[0011] S5. Based on the assessment results of greenhouse gas emissions in rivers in the flood discharge area, greenhouse gas emission warnings are issued for multiple river basins.

[0012] Preferably, step S2 includes the following specific steps:

[0013] S21. Divide the rivers in the flood discharge area into multiple basins according to the length of the rivers, and obtain geographical data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data in the multiple basins, wherein the geographical data includes the basin area of ​​multiple basins of the river, the length of the river in the basin, and the highest altitude difference in each basin; the climate data includes the average water temperature, average rainfall, and average wind speed of the river in each basin; the water flow data includes the average flow velocity of each basin, the highest water level, and the lowest water level of each basin; and the greenhouse gas data includes the type of greenhouse gas in each basin and the concentration of each greenhouse gas;

[0014] S22, substituting the geographic data into a watershed terrain variation coefficient calculation formula to calculate the watershed terrain variation coefficient of each watershed; the watershed terrain variation coefficient calculation formula is:

[0015] ;

[0016] In the formula is the basin topography variation coefficient of the ith basin, represents the length of the river in the ith basin, represents the drainage area of ​​the ith basin, It represents the highest elevation difference in the ith watershed, m is the number of watersheds, and i is any one from 1 to m.

[0017] Preferably, the step S2 further includes the following specific steps:

[0018] S23, substituting the climate data into the calculation formula of the basin climate change coefficient to calculate the basin climate change coefficient of each basin; the calculation formula of the basin climate change coefficient is:

[0019] ;

[0020] In the formula is the basin climate change coefficient of the ith basin, represents the average water temperature of the river in the ith basin, represents the average rainfall in the ith basin, represents the average wind speed in the ith basin, are the maximum and minimum average water temperatures of rivers in all basins, are the maximum and minimum average rainfall in all basins, respectively. are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the average wind speed in all river basins, respectively.

[0021] Preferably, the step S2 specifically further includes:

[0022] S24, substituting the water flow data and the greenhouse gas data into the watershed water flow environment change coefficient calculation formula to calculate the watershed water flow environment change coefficient of each watershed; the watershed water flow environment change coefficient calculation formula is:

[0023] ;

[0024] In the formula represents the water flow environment variation coefficient of the ith watershed, represents the average flow velocity of the ith basin, Respectively represent the highest water level and the lowest water level of the ith basin, It represents the concentration of the jth greenhouse gas in the ith river basin, where i is any item from 1 to m, j is any item from 1 to n, and n is the number of greenhouse gas types in the ith river basin.

[0025] Preferably, the step S2 further comprises calculating the discharge risk coefficient of the river in the basin, and the specific steps are:

[0026] S25, obtaining the calculated watershed topographic variation coefficient, the watershed climate change coefficient and the watershed water flow environment variation coefficient;

[0027] S26. Substitute the basin topography change coefficient, the basin climate change coefficient and the basin water flow environment change coefficient into the basin river discharge risk coefficient calculation formula to calculate the basin river discharge risk coefficient. The basin river discharge risk coefficient calculation formula is:

[0028] ;

[0029] In the formula represents the river discharge risk coefficient of the ith basin, They respectively represent the impact weight of basin topography, basin climate, and basin water flow environment.

[0030] Preferably, step S3 includes the following specific steps:

[0031] S31, obtaining water storage data and flood discharge data of the flood discharge reservoir, wherein the water storage data includes the water storage capacity, inflow velocity, and greenhouse gas types and concentrations of each greenhouse gas in the flood discharge reservoir; the flood discharge data includes the flood discharge velocity and flood discharge volume;

[0032] S32, substituting the water storage data and the flood discharge data into a flood discharge interference influence coefficient calculation formula to calculate the flood discharge interference influence coefficient, the flood discharge interference influence coefficient calculation formula is:

[0033] ;

[0034] In the formula represents the flood discharge interference influence coefficient, Indicates the water storage capacity of the flood discharge reservoir. represents the inflow rate of the flood discharge reservoir, Indicates the flood discharge volume of the flood discharge reservoir. It represents the flood discharge velocity of the flood discharge reservoir. represents the kth greenhouse gas concentration in the flood discharge reservoir, It represents the maximum value of all types of greenhouse gas concentrations in the flood discharge reservoir, k is any one from 1 to K, and exp() is the power of e.

[0035] Preferably, step S4 includes the following specific steps:

[0036] S41, obtaining the calculated river discharge risk coefficient of the river basin and the flood discharge interference influence coefficient;

[0037] S42, substituting the river discharge risk coefficient of the river basin and the flood discharge interference influence coefficient into the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index calculation formula to calculate the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of each basin in the flood discharge state, the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index calculation formula is:

[0038] ;

[0039] In the formula Represents the greenhouse gas flood discharge risk index of the ith basin.

[0040] Preferably, the greenhouse gas emission early warning for multiple river basins in step S5 includes the following specific steps:

[0041] S51, obtaining the calculated greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins in the flood discharge area, and extracting the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins;

[0042] S52, substituting the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of the i-th river basin and the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins into the greenhouse gas emission warning value calculation formula to calculate the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th river basin of the flood discharge river;

[0043] S53. The greenhouse gas emission warning value calculation formula is:

[0044] ;

[0045] In the formula represents the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the ith basin of the flood discharge river, They represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge risk index of all river basins respectively;

[0046] S54. Preset a greenhouse gas emission warning threshold. When the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th basin of the flood discharge river is less than the greenhouse gas emission warning threshold, the greenhouse gas emission warning operation is not performed; when the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th basin of the flood discharge river is greater than or equal to the greenhouse gas emission warning threshold, the greenhouse gas emission warning operation is performed on the i-th basin of the flood discharge river.

[0047] The present invention also provides a river greenhouse gas emission evaluation system based on the Internet of Things, comprising:

[0048] The data acquisition module is used to obtain geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area, and to obtain water storage data and flood discharge data of the flood discharge reservoir;

[0049] The river basin emission risk analysis module is used to substitute geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data into the river basin emission risk model to analyze the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area;

[0050] The flood discharge interference impact analysis module is used to substitute the water storage data and flood discharge data into the flood discharge interference risk model to analyze the interference risk of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions;

[0051] Greenhouse gas flood discharge risk analysis module, which is used to evaluate the greenhouse gas emissions of rivers in the flood discharge area based on the greenhouse gas emission risk analysis results of multiple river basins and the interference risk analysis results of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions;

[0052] Greenhouse gas emission early warning module, which is used to provide early warning of greenhouse gas emissions for multiple river basins based on the assessment results of greenhouse gas emissions in rivers in the flood discharge area;

[0053] A control module is used to control the operation of the data acquisition module, the watershed emission risk analysis module, the flood discharge interference impact analysis module, the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk analysis module and the greenhouse gas emission early warning module.

[0054] An electronic device of the present invention includes: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be called by the processor, and the processor executes a river greenhouse gas emission assessment method based on the Internet of Things by calling the computer program stored in the memory.

[0055] A computer-readable storage medium of the present invention stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes a river greenhouse gas emission assessment method based on the Internet of Things.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0057] The present invention obtains geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data of the river basin, and simultaneously obtains water storage data and flood discharge data of the flood discharge reservoir; analyzes the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area through geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data; analyzes the interference risk of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions through water storage data and flood discharge data; evaluates the greenhouse gas emissions of rivers in the flood discharge area based on the above analysis results; and performs greenhouse gas emission warnings for multiple river basins. By evaluating the emissions of greenhouse gases in different river basins in the flood discharge area, it is possible to optimize the flood discharge plan, reduce greenhouse gas emissions in rivers, and reduce negative impacts on the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0059] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the river greenhouse gas emission assessment method based on the Internet of Things of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 It is a basic structure diagram of a greenhouse gas gas chromatograph in the river greenhouse gas emission evaluation method based on the Internet of Things of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the river greenhouse gas emission evaluation system based on the Internet of Things of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than limitations on the technical solution of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a river greenhouse gas emission evaluation method based on the Internet of Things, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0065] S1. Obtain geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data for multiple river basins in the flood discharge area, and simultaneously obtain water storage data and flood discharge data for flood discharge reservoirs;

[0066] The greenhouse gas data are obtained through greenhouse gas gas chromatograph, such as Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a basic structure diagram of a greenhouse gas gas chromatograph. The greenhouse gas gas chromatograph is based on gas chromatography technology and completes concentration analysis by separating and detecting gaseous molecules under specific conditions; wherein the gas chromatography technology uses column separation and detection methods to accurately measure greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable greenhouse gas gas chromatograph to detect greenhouse gas concentrations according to actual needs;

[0067] S2. Substitute geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data into the basin emission risk model to analyze the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple basins of rivers in the flood discharge area;

[0068] In this embodiment, the specific steps for analyzing the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area are as follows:

[0069] S21. Divide the rivers in the flood discharge area into multiple basins according to the length of the rivers, and obtain the geographical data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data in the multiple basins. The geographical data includes the basin area of ​​multiple river basins, the length of the rivers in the basins, and the highest altitude difference in each basin; the climate data includes the average water temperature, average rainfall, and average wind speed of the rivers in each basin; the water flow data includes the average flow velocity of each basin, the highest water level, and the lowest water level of each basin; the greenhouse gas data includes the types of greenhouse gases in each basin and the concentration of each greenhouse gas;

[0070] S22. Substitute the geographic data into the basin topography variation coefficient calculation formula to calculate the basin topography variation coefficient of each basin; the basin topography variation coefficient calculation formula is:

[0071] ;

[0072] In the formula is the basin topography variation coefficient of the ith basin, represents the length of the river in the ith basin, represents the drainage area of ​​the ith basin, It represents the highest elevation difference in the ith watershed, m is the number of watersheds, and i is any one from 1 to m.

[0073] The basin terrain variation coefficient can reflect the degree of undulation and change trend of the terrain in the basin. Changes in terrain directly affect the flow rate and confluence time of the river, which in turn has a significant impact on the greenhouse gas emission risk of the river. For example, the ups and downs of the terrain slope will affect the flow rate and confluence process of the river, which in turn affects the dissolution, release and transmission of greenhouse gases. For example, in areas with larger slopes, the river flow rate is fast, which may reduce the residence time of greenhouse gases in the water body, but may also increase the release of greenhouse gases in specific areas. Changes in terrain within the basin will also affect the land use pattern and vegetation coverage within the basin, thereby affecting the absorption and emission of greenhouse gases. For example, the destruction of forests and wetlands may reduce carbon sinks and increase greenhouse gas emissions.

[0074] In this embodiment, analyzing the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area also includes the following specific steps:

[0075] S23. Substitute the climate data into the basin climate change coefficient calculation formula to calculate the basin climate change coefficient of each basin; the basin climate change coefficient calculation formula is:

[0076] ;

[0077] In the formula is the basin climate change coefficient of the ith basin, represents the average water temperature of the river in the ith basin, represents the average rainfall in the ith basin, represents the average wind speed in the ith basin, are the maximum and minimum average water temperatures of rivers in all basins, are the maximum and minimum average rainfall in all basins, respectively. are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the average wind speed in all river basins, respectively.

[0078] The basin climate change coefficient takes into account the impact of changes in climate factors such as water temperature, precipitation, and wind speed on river greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change directly affects the hydrological cycle and ecological environment of rivers, which has a profound impact on the emission risks of rivers. For example, rising temperatures may lead to increased greenhouse gas emissions from rivers, while changes in precipitation may affect greenhouse gas emissions from rivers. Therefore, when assessing river emission risks, the impact of the climate change coefficient must be fully considered.

[0079] In this embodiment, analyzing the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area specifically includes:

[0080] S24. Substitute the water flow data and greenhouse gas data into the calculation formula of the water flow environment change coefficient of each watershed to calculate the water flow environment change coefficient of each watershed; the calculation formula of the water flow environment change coefficient of the watershed is:

[0081] ;

[0082] In the formula represents the water flow environment variation coefficient of the ith watershed, represents the average flow velocity of the ith basin, Respectively represent the highest water level and the lowest water level of the ith basin, It represents the concentration of the jth greenhouse gas in the ith river basin, where i is any item from 1 to m, j is any item from 1 to n, and n is the number of greenhouse gas types in the ith river basin.

[0083] The coefficient of variation of water flow environment in a river basin covers multiple aspects such as river velocity, flow, and greenhouse gas concentration, and directly reflects the health status of the river itself and the level of emission risk. Changes in water flow environment, including changes in velocity, flow, and water quality, will directly affect the dissolution, release, and transmission of greenhouse gases in water bodies. For example, changes in flow velocity will affect the residence time of greenhouse gases in water bodies, which has an important impact on the release of greenhouse gases.

[0084] In this embodiment, analyzing the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area also includes calculating the river basin emission risk coefficient, and the specific steps are:

[0085] S25, obtaining the calculated watershed topographic variation coefficient, watershed climate change coefficient and watershed flow environment variation coefficient;

[0086] S26. Substitute the basin topography change coefficient, basin climate change coefficient and basin water flow environment change coefficient into the basin river discharge risk coefficient calculation formula to calculate the basin river discharge risk coefficient. The basin river discharge risk coefficient calculation formula is:

[0087] ;

[0088] In the formula represents the river discharge risk coefficient of the ith basin, They respectively represent the weight of the basin topography influence, the weight of the basin climate influence, and the weight of the basin water flow environment influence, all of which are set by technical personnel in this field according to actual needs and specific circumstances; the preferred way to set the weights is: obtain the basin topography change coefficient, the basin climate change coefficient, and the basin water flow environment change coefficient of 5000 groups of river basins, obtain the greenhouse gas emission early warning results, calculate the basin river emission risk coefficient through the basin topography change coefficient, the basin climate change coefficient, and the basin water flow environment change coefficient, calculate the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index through the basin river emission risk coefficient and the flood discharge interference influence coefficient, calculate the greenhouse gas emission early warning value according to the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index, import the calculated greenhouse gas emission early warning value and the greenhouse gas emission early warning result into the fitting software, and output the values ​​of the basin topography influence weight, the basin climate influence weight, and the basin water flow environment influence weight that meet the highest judgment accuracy.

[0089] S3. Substituting water storage data and flood discharge data into the flood discharge interference risk model to analyze the interference risk of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions;

[0090] In this embodiment, the specific steps of analyzing the interference risk of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions include:

[0091] S31, obtaining water storage data and flood discharge data of the flood discharge reservoir, wherein the water storage data includes the water storage capacity, inflow velocity, and greenhouse gas types and concentrations of each greenhouse gas in the flood discharge reservoir; the flood discharge data includes the flood discharge velocity and flood discharge volume;

[0092] S32, substituting the water storage data and flood discharge data into the flood discharge interference influence coefficient calculation formula to calculate the flood discharge interference influence coefficient. The flood discharge interference influence coefficient calculation formula is:

[0093] ;

[0094] In the formula represents the flood discharge interference influence coefficient, Indicates the water storage capacity of the flood discharge reservoir. represents the inflow rate of the flood discharge reservoir, Indicates the flood discharge volume of the flood discharge reservoir. It represents the flood discharge velocity of the flood discharge reservoir. represents the kth greenhouse gas concentration in the flood discharge reservoir, It represents the maximum value of all types of greenhouse gas concentrations in the flood discharge reservoir, k is any one from 1 to K, and exp() is the power of e.

[0095] Flood disturbance is an important factor that cannot be ignored in the management of greenhouse gas emissions in the river basin. It directly affects the hydrological process, water quality and greenhouse gas emission risks of the river. By calculating the flood disturbance impact coefficient, the risk assessment can more comprehensively consider various interference factors in the river basin and improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the assessment. Flood discharge events are often sudden and uncertain, and their impact also varies with changes in time, space and other factors. By analyzing the impact of flood discharge disturbance on greenhouse gas emissions, it can provide strong support for the timely formulation and adjustment of response measures.

[0096] S4. Evaluate the greenhouse gas emissions of rivers in the flood discharge area based on the greenhouse gas emission risk analysis results of multiple river basins and the interference risk analysis results of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions;

[0097] In this embodiment, the assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from rivers in the flood discharge area includes the following specific steps:

[0098] S41, obtaining the calculated river discharge risk coefficient and flood discharge interference impact coefficient in the basin;

[0099] S42. Substitute the river discharge risk coefficient and flood discharge interference impact coefficient of the basin into the calculation formula of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index to calculate the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of each basin in the flood discharge state. The calculation formula of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index is:

[0100] ;

[0101] In the formula Represents the greenhouse gas flood discharge risk index of the ith basin.

[0102] S5. Based on the assessment results of greenhouse gas emissions in rivers in the flood discharge area, greenhouse gas emission warnings are issued for multiple river basins.

[0103] In this embodiment, early warning of greenhouse gas emissions for multiple river basins includes the following specific steps:

[0104] S51, obtaining the calculated greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins in the flood discharge area, and extracting the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins;

[0105] S52, substituting the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of the i-th river basin and the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins into the greenhouse gas emission warning value calculation formula to calculate the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th river basin of the flood discharge river;

[0106] S53. The calculation formula for greenhouse gas emission warning value is:

[0107] ;

[0108] In the formula represents the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the ith basin of the flood discharge river, They represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge risk index of all river basins respectively;

[0109] S54. Preset a greenhouse gas emission warning threshold. When the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th river basin of the flood discharge river is less than the greenhouse gas emission warning threshold, the greenhouse gas emission warning operation is not performed; when the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th river basin of the flood discharge river is greater than or equal to the greenhouse gas emission warning threshold, the greenhouse gas emission warning operation is performed on the i-th river basin of the flood discharge river, wherein the greenhouse gas emission warning threshold is set by technical personnel in this field according to actual needs and specific circumstances.

[0110] Example 2

[0111] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a river greenhouse gas emission evaluation system based on the Internet of Things, including:

[0112] The data acquisition module is used to obtain geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area, and to obtain water storage data and flood discharge data of the flood discharge reservoir;

[0113] The river basin emission risk analysis module is used to substitute geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data into the river basin emission risk model to analyze the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area;

[0114] The flood discharge interference impact analysis module is used to substitute the water storage data and flood discharge data into the flood discharge interference risk model to analyze the interference risk of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions;

[0115] Greenhouse gas flood discharge risk analysis module, which is used to evaluate the greenhouse gas emissions of rivers in the flood discharge area based on the greenhouse gas emission risk analysis results of multiple river basins and the interference risk analysis results of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions;

[0116] Greenhouse gas emission early warning module, which is used to provide early warning of greenhouse gas emissions for multiple river basins based on the evaluation results of greenhouse gas emissions in rivers in the flood discharge area;

[0117] The control module is used to control the operation of the data acquisition module, the watershed emission risk analysis module, the flood discharge interference impact analysis module, the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk analysis module and the greenhouse gas emission early warning module.

[0118] In this embodiment, the watershed emission risk analysis module is used to substitute geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data into the watershed emission risk model to analyze the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area. The specific steps of analyzing the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area include:

[0119] Divide the rivers in the flood discharge area into multiple basins, and obtain geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data in multiple basins. Geographic data include the basin area of ​​multiple river basins, the length of rivers in the basins, and the highest altitude difference in each basin; climate data include the average water temperature, average rainfall, and average wind speed of rivers in each basin; water flow data include the average flow rate of each basin, the highest water level, and the lowest water level of each basin; greenhouse gas data include the types of greenhouse gases in each basin and the concentration of each greenhouse gas;

[0120] Substitute the geographic data into the basin terrain variation coefficient calculation formula to calculate the basin terrain variation coefficient of each basin; the basin terrain variation coefficient calculation formula is:

[0121] ;

[0122] In the formula is the basin topography variation coefficient of the ith basin, represents the length of the river in the ith basin, represents the drainage area of ​​the ith basin, It represents the highest elevation difference in the ith watershed, m is the number of watersheds, and i is any one from 1 to m.

[0123] Analyzing the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins within the flood discharge area also includes the following specific steps:

[0124] Substitute the climate data into the basin climate change coefficient calculation formula to calculate the basin climate change coefficient of each basin; the basin climate change coefficient calculation formula is:

[0125] ;

[0126] In the formula is the basin climate change coefficient of the ith basin, represents the average water temperature of the river in the ith basin, represents the average rainfall in the ith basin, represents the average wind speed in the ith basin, are the maximum and minimum average water temperatures of rivers in all basins, are the maximum and minimum average rainfall in all basins, respectively. are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the average wind speed in all river basins, respectively.

[0127] The analysis of greenhouse gas emission risks in multiple river basins within the flood discharge area also includes:

[0128] Substitute the water flow data and greenhouse gas data into the calculation formula of the water flow environment change coefficient of each watershed to calculate the water flow environment change coefficient of each watershed; the calculation formula of the water flow environment change coefficient of each watershed is:

[0129] ;

[0130] In the formula represents the water flow environment variation coefficient of the ith watershed, represents the average flow velocity of the ith basin, Respectively represent the highest water level and the lowest water level of the ith basin, It represents the concentration of the jth greenhouse gas in the ith river basin, where i is any item from 1 to m, j is any item from 1 to n, and n is the number of greenhouse gas types in the ith river basin.

[0131] Analyzing the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area also includes calculating the emission risk coefficient of the river basins. The specific steps are as follows:

[0132] Obtain the calculated basin topographic variation coefficient, basin climate change coefficient and basin water flow environment variation coefficient;

[0133] Substitute the basin topography change coefficient, basin climate change coefficient and basin water flow environment change coefficient into the basin river discharge risk coefficient calculation formula to calculate the basin river discharge risk coefficient. The basin river discharge risk coefficient calculation formula is:

[0134] ;

[0135] In the formula represents the river discharge risk coefficient of the ith basin, They respectively represent the weight of the impact of the basin terrain, the weight of the impact of the basin climate, and the weight of the impact of the basin water flow environment, and are all set by technical personnel in this field according to actual needs and specific circumstances.

[0136] In this embodiment, the flood discharge interference impact analysis module is used to substitute the water storage data and the flood discharge data into the flood discharge interference risk model to analyze the interference risk of the flood discharge reservoir on the river greenhouse gas emissions. The specific steps of analyzing the interference risk of the flood discharge reservoir on the river greenhouse gas emissions include:

[0137] Obtain the water storage data and flood discharge data of the flood discharge reservoir. The water storage data includes the water storage capacity, inflow velocity, and greenhouse gas types and concentrations of each greenhouse gas in the flood discharge reservoir; the flood discharge data includes the flood discharge velocity and flood discharge volume;

[0138] Substitute the water storage data and flood discharge data into the flood discharge interference influence coefficient calculation formula to calculate the flood discharge interference influence coefficient. The flood discharge interference influence coefficient calculation formula is:

[0139] ;

[0140] In the formula represents the flood discharge interference influence coefficient, Indicates the water storage capacity of the flood discharge reservoir. represents the inflow rate of the flood discharge reservoir, Indicates the flood discharge volume of the flood discharge reservoir. It represents the flood discharge velocity of the flood discharge reservoir. represents the kth greenhouse gas concentration in the flood discharge reservoir, It represents the maximum value of all types of greenhouse gas concentrations in the flood discharge reservoir, k is any one from 1 to K, and exp() is the power of e.

[0141] In this embodiment, the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk analysis module is used to evaluate the greenhouse gas emission of rivers in the flood discharge area according to the greenhouse gas emission risk analysis results of multiple river basins and the interference risk analysis results of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions. The specific steps of evaluating the greenhouse gas emission of rivers in the flood discharge area include:

[0142] Obtain the calculated river discharge risk factor and flood discharge disturbance impact coefficient in the basin;

[0143] Substitute the river discharge risk coefficient and flood discharge interference coefficient of the basin into the calculation formula of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index to calculate the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of each basin in the flood discharge state. The calculation formula of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index is:

[0144] ;

[0145] In the formula Represents the greenhouse gas flood discharge risk index of the ith basin.

[0146] In this embodiment, the greenhouse gas emission warning module is used to provide greenhouse gas emission warning for multiple river basins according to the evaluation results of greenhouse gas emission in the river in the flood discharge area. The greenhouse gas emission warning for multiple river basins includes the following specific steps:

[0147] Obtain the calculated greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins in the flood discharge area, and extract the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins;

[0148] Substitute the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of the i-th river basin and the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins into the greenhouse gas emission warning value calculation formula to calculate the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th river basin of the flood discharge river;

[0149] The calculation formula for greenhouse gas emission warning value is:

[0150] ;

[0151] In the formula represents the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the ith basin of the flood discharge river, They represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge risk index of all river basins respectively;

[0152] A greenhouse gas emission warning threshold is preset. When the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th basin of the flood discharge river is less than the greenhouse gas emission warning threshold, the greenhouse gas emission warning operation is not performed; when the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th basin of the flood discharge river is greater than or equal to the greenhouse gas emission warning threshold, the greenhouse gas emission warning operation is performed on the i-th basin of the flood discharge river, wherein the greenhouse gas emission warning threshold is set by technical personnel in this field according to actual needs and specific circumstances.

[0153] The above-mentioned parameters and steps for each unit module to realize the corresponding functions in the river greenhouse gas emission evaluation system based on the Internet of Things of the present invention can refer to the parameters and steps in the embodiment of the river greenhouse gas emission evaluation method based on the Internet of Things above, and will not be repeated here.

[0154] Example 3

[0155] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be called by the processor, and the processor executes a river greenhouse gas emission assessment method based on the Internet of Things by calling the computer program stored in the memory. It should be noted that all computer programs of the river greenhouse gas emission assessment method based on the Internet of Things are implemented in C language, wherein the data acquisition module, the watershed emission risk analysis module, the flood discharge interference impact analysis module, the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk analysis module, the greenhouse gas emission warning module and the control module are all controlled by a remote server.

[0156] Example 4

[0157] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having a rewritable computer program stored thereon;

[0158] When the computer program runs on a computer device, the computer device executes the above-mentioned river greenhouse gas emission assessment method based on the Internet of Things.

[0159] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment.

[0160] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0161] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0162] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A river greenhouse gas emission assessment method based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Obtain geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data for multiple river basins in the flood discharge area, and simultaneously obtain water storage data and flood discharge data for flood discharge reservoirs; S2. Substitute geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data into the basin emission risk model to analyze the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple basins of rivers in the flood discharge area; The step S2 comprises the following specific steps: S21. Divide the rivers in the flood discharge area into multiple basins according to the length of the rivers, and obtain geographical data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data in the multiple basins, wherein the geographical data includes the basin area of ​​multiple basins of the river, the length of the river in the basin, and the highest altitude difference in each basin; the climate data includes the average water temperature, average rainfall, and average wind speed of the river in each basin; the water flow data includes the average flow velocity of each basin, the highest water level, and the lowest water level of each basin; and the greenhouse gas data includes the type of greenhouse gas in each basin and the concentration of each greenhouse gas; S22, substituting the geographic data into a watershed terrain variation coefficient calculation formula to calculate the watershed terrain variation coefficient of each watershed; the watershed terrain variation coefficient calculation formula is: ; In the formula is the basin topography variation coefficient of the ith basin, represents the length of the river in the ith basin, represents the drainage area of ​​the ith basin, represents the highest elevation drop in the ith watershed, m is the number of watersheds, and i is any value from 1 to m; The step S2 also includes the following specific steps: S23, substituting the climate data into the calculation formula of the basin climate change coefficient to calculate the basin climate change coefficient of each basin; the calculation formula of the basin climate change coefficient is: ; In the formula is the basin climate change coefficient of the ith basin, represents the average water temperature of the river in the ith basin, represents the average rainfall in the ith basin, represents the average wind speed in the ith basin, are the maximum and minimum average water temperatures of rivers in all basins, are the maximum and minimum average rainfall in all basins, respectively. are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the average wind speed in all basins, respectively; The step S2 specifically includes: S24, substituting the water flow data and the greenhouse gas data into the watershed water flow environment change coefficient calculation formula to calculate the watershed water flow environment change coefficient of each watershed; the watershed water flow environment change coefficient calculation formula is: ; In the formula represents the water flow environment variation coefficient of the ith watershed, represents the average flow velocity of the ith basin, Respectively represent the highest water level and the lowest water level of the ith basin, represents the concentration of the jth greenhouse gas in the ith watershed, i is any item from 1 to m, j is any item from 1 to n, and n is the number of greenhouse gas types in the ith watershed; The step S2 also includes calculating the discharge risk coefficient of the river in the basin, and the specific steps are: S25, obtaining the calculated watershed topographic variation coefficient, the watershed climate change coefficient and the watershed water flow environment variation coefficient; S26. Substitute the basin topography change coefficient, the basin climate change coefficient and the basin water flow environment change coefficient into the basin river discharge risk coefficient calculation formula to calculate the basin river discharge risk coefficient. The basin river discharge risk coefficient calculation formula is: ; In the formula represents the river discharge risk coefficient of the ith basin, They represent the weight of the basin topography, the weight of the basin climate, and the weight of the basin flow environment respectively; S3. Substituting water storage data and flood discharge data into the flood discharge interference risk model to analyze the interference risk of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions; The step S3 comprises the following specific steps: S31, obtaining water storage data and flood discharge data of the flood discharge reservoir, wherein the water storage data includes the water storage capacity, inflow velocity, and greenhouse gas types and concentrations of each greenhouse gas in the flood discharge reservoir; the flood discharge data includes the flood discharge velocity and flood discharge volume; S32, substituting the water storage data and the flood discharge data into a flood discharge interference influence coefficient calculation formula to calculate the flood discharge interference influence coefficient, the flood discharge interference influence coefficient calculation formula is: ; In the formula represents the flood discharge interference influence coefficient, Indicates the water storage capacity of the flood discharge reservoir. represents the inflow rate of the flood discharge reservoir, Indicates the flood discharge volume of the flood discharge reservoir. It represents the flood discharge velocity of the flood discharge reservoir. represents the kth greenhouse gas concentration in the flood discharge reservoir, represents the maximum value of all types of greenhouse gas concentrations in the flood discharge reservoir, k is any one from 1 to K, where exp() is the power of e; S4. Evaluate the greenhouse gas emissions of rivers in the flood discharge area based on the greenhouse gas emission risk analysis results of multiple river basins and the interference risk analysis results of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions; The step S4 comprises the following specific steps: S41, obtaining the calculated river discharge risk coefficient of the river basin and the flood discharge interference influence coefficient; S42, substituting the river discharge risk coefficient of the river basin and the flood discharge interference influence coefficient into the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index calculation formula to calculate the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of each basin in the flood discharge state, the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index calculation formula is: In the formula represents the greenhouse gas flood discharge risk index of the ith basin; S5. Based on the assessment results of greenhouse gas emissions in rivers in the flood discharge area, early warning of greenhouse gas emissions will be issued for multiple river basins; The greenhouse gas emission early warning for multiple river basins in step S5 includes the following specific steps: S51, obtaining the calculated greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins in the flood discharge area, and extracting the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins; S52, substituting the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of the i-th river basin and the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk index of all river basins into the greenhouse gas emission warning value calculation formula to calculate the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th river basin of the flood discharge river; S53. The greenhouse gas emission warning value calculation formula is: In the formula represents the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the ith basin of the flood discharge river, They represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the greenhouse gas flood discharge risk index of all river basins respectively; S54. Preset a greenhouse gas emission warning threshold. When the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th basin of the flood discharge river is less than the greenhouse gas emission warning threshold, the greenhouse gas emission warning operation is not performed; when the greenhouse gas emission warning value of the i-th basin of the flood discharge river is greater than or equal to the greenhouse gas emission warning threshold, the greenhouse gas emission warning operation is performed on the i-th basin of the flood discharge river.

2. A river greenhouse gas emission assessment system based on the Internet of Things, which is implemented based on the river greenhouse gas emission assessment method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, and is characterized in that: The system comprises: The data acquisition module is used to obtain geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area, and to obtain water storage data and flood discharge data of the flood discharge reservoir; The river basin emission risk analysis module is used to substitute geographic data, climate data, water flow data, and greenhouse gas data into the river basin emission risk model to analyze the greenhouse gas emission risks of multiple river basins in the flood discharge area; The flood discharge interference impact analysis module is used to substitute the water storage data and flood discharge data into the flood discharge interference risk model to analyze the interference risk of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions; Greenhouse gas flood discharge risk analysis module, which is used to evaluate the greenhouse gas emissions of rivers in the flood discharge area based on the greenhouse gas emission risk analysis results of multiple river basins and the interference risk analysis results of flood discharge reservoirs on river greenhouse gas emissions; Greenhouse gas emission early warning module, which is used to provide early warning of greenhouse gas emissions for multiple river basins based on the assessment results of greenhouse gas emissions in rivers in the flood discharge area; A control module is used to control the operation of the data acquisition module, the watershed emission risk analysis module, the flood discharge interference impact analysis module, the greenhouse gas flood discharge emission risk analysis module and the greenhouse gas emission early warning module.

3. An electronic device, comprising: A processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be called by the processor; characterized in that the processor executes the river greenhouse gas emission assessment method based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1 by calling the computer program stored in the memory.

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