A multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, in particular to a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool, comprising a bed, a milling cutter holder and a main shaft are installed on the bed, a shaft tube is rotatably installed on the milling cutter holder, a fixture is provided on the main shaft for clamping and fixing a workpiece, a turning tool holder is installed on the bed, and a turning tool disc is installed on the turning tool holder; the present invention utilizes the high-pressure airflow sprayed from a nozzle to clean metal debris on each blade online, saving the time required for cleaning the milling cutter, and the nozzle can change the moving direction of the high-pressure airflow according to the cutting depth of the blade, so that the high-pressure airflow can always cut into between the cutting chips and the blade, so as to clean the metal debris between the cutting chips and the blade, and prevent the metal debris remaining on the blade from scratching the groove wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a workpiece 100 for deep-water components has the characteristics of light weight, high compressive strength, and resistance to seawater corrosion. When the factory produces the workpiece 100, it first uses a mold to integrally cast a rotating body with a thin-walled structure, and then uses a turning and milling compound machine tool to process the rotating body to obtain a finished product. The process of processing the rotating body with a turning and milling compound machine tool is roughly as follows: first, the inner and outer walls of the rotating body are trimmed by turning to remove the machining allowance on the surface of the rotating body, and then a plurality of axially arranged grooves 101 are milled on the inner wall of the rotating body by milling to obtain a finished product. The groove wall between two adjacent grooves 101 on the workpiece 100 constitutes a reinforcing rib 102.

[0003] During the above process, the turning-milling compound machine tool needs to machine a plurality of axially evenly distributed annular grooves on the inner wall of the rotating body. A large amount of metal is removed during the milling process. This process will release a large amount of cutting heat, causing overheating of the tool and the workpiece. Therefore, in the prior art, negative pressure suction is usually used to cool the tool and the workpiece. The negative pressure suction can not only draw away the heat on the tool and the workpiece along with the air, but also clean the cutting chips that fall into the workpiece 100.

[0004] However, in the actual production process, since the milling cutter rotates at an extremely high speed during operation, a layer of turbulence will be formed on the outer ring of the milling cutter, making it difficult for the airflow during negative pressure suction to pass through, resulting in the metal debris attached between the blades of the high-speed rotating milling cutter being difficult to be cleaned up by the airflow formed by the negative pressure suction, and the metal debris remaining on the blades may scratch the groove wall. Therefore, the milling cutter needs to be stopped regularly during the continuous groove milling process to clean the metal debris on each blade of the milling cutter, and this process will consume a lot of time and affect the production efficiency of the product. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that the production efficiency is reduced due to the compound machine tool being shut down to clean the milling cutter, and to propose a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool is designed, comprising a bed, a milling cutter holder and a spindle are installed on the bed, an axis tube is rotatably installed on the milling cutter holder, a fixture is provided on the spindle for clamping and fixing the workpiece, a turning tool holder is installed on the bed, and a turning tool disc is installed on the turning tool holder;

[0008] A joint is provided on the shaft tube for fixing the milling cutter disc, a blade is detachably connected to the milling cutter disc, a cylindrical nozzle is rotatably installed on the milling cutter disc, the nozzle corresponds to the blade one by one, a diversion chamber is provided in the milling cutter disc, a flow channel is provided on the milling cutter disc to connect the nozzle with the diversion chamber, and the milling cutter disc is provided with a driving mechanism to drive the nozzle to rotate according to the milling depth of the blade.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a sealing plate, which is fixedly connected to the milling cutter disc, on which a ring gear is rotatably mounted, and on which a driven gear is rotatably mounted, which is coaxially fixedly connected to the nozzle, and which matches the ring gear.

[0010] Preferably, a column is fixedly connected to the sealing plate, a baffle is fixedly connected to the column, a plurality of grooves are radially opened on the baffle, a push rod is slidably fitted in the groove, a roller is rotatably mounted on the push rod, and a compression spring is arranged in the groove to apply elastic force to the push rod.

[0011] Preferably, a driving disc is coaxially fixedly connected to the ring gear, a plurality of inclined slots are provided on the driving disc, a sliding block is fixedly connected to the top rod, and the sliding block can be slidably fitted in the inclined slot.

[0012] Preferably, an installation groove is provided on the baffle, in which a wedge-shaped connecting block and a wedge-shaped counterweight block are slidably matched, the hypotenuse of the connecting block rests on the hypotenuse of the counterweight block, a pawl is hinged on the connecting block, a ratchet bar is fixed on the top rod, the pawl cooperates with the ratchet bar, and a tension spring is provided in the installation groove to apply elastic force to the counterweight block.

[0013] The invention proposes a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool, which has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes the high-pressure airflow sprayed from the nozzle to clean the metal debris on each blade online, saving the time required for cleaning the milling cutter, and the nozzle can change the moving direction of the high-pressure airflow according to the cutting depth of the blade, so that the high-pressure airflow can always cut between the cutting chips and the blade to clean the metal debris between the cutting chips and the blade, and prevent the metal debris remaining on the blade from scratching the groove wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the workpiece structure.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a milling cutter disc of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the outer shell of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a baffle plate of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool.

[0020] Figure 7 A multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention Figure 6 main view.

[0021] Figure 8 A multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0022] Fig. 9 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of the rear baffle of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool.

[0023] Fig.10 This is a front view of a disc of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention.

[0024] Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between a disc and a ring gear of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention.

[0025] Fig.12 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a milling cutter disc of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool.

[0026] Fig.13 A multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention Fig.12 Right view of .

[0027] Fig.14 A multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention Fig.13 AA section view.

[0028] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention and a schematic diagram of a blade cutting into a workpiece.

[0029] Fig.16 The present invention provides a front view of a connecting block and a counterweight block of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool.

[0030] Fig.17 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a connecting block and a counterweight block of a multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool.

[0031] In the figure: 1. bed; 2. milling cutter holder; 3. shaft tube; 4. turning tool holder; 5. turning tool disc; 6. spindle; 7. fixture; 8. milling cutter disc; 801. blade; 802. diversion chamber; 803. flow channel; 804. nozzle; 805. joint; 9. sealing plate; 10. column; 11. outer shell; 12. baffle; 13. notch; 14. push rod; 15. roller; 16. ratchet bar; 17. compression spring; 18. mounting groove; 19. connecting block; 20. pawl; 21. counterweight block; 22. tension spring; 23. slider; 24. disc; 25. inclined slide groove; 26. ring gear; 27. driven gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0033] Example 1: Reference Figure 2-3 A multi-station turning and milling compound machine tool includes a bed 1, a milling cutter holder 2 and a spindle 6 are installed on the bed 1, a shaft tube 3 is rotatably installed on the milling cutter holder 2, a fixture 7 is provided on the spindle 6 for clamping and fixing a workpiece 100, a turning tool holder 4 is installed on the bed 1, a turning tool disc 5 is installed on the turning tool holder 4, a joint 805 is provided on the shaft tube 3 for fixing the milling cutter disc 8, and a blade 801 is detachably connected to the milling cutter disc 8.

[0034] When the device processes the workpiece 100, the workpiece 100 is first clamped and fixed on the fixture 7, and then the spindle 6 drives the workpiece 100 to rotate. At this time, the turning tool holder 4 drives the turning tool disc 5 to move so that the turning tool on the turning tool disc 5 abuts against the workpiece 100, thereby turning the outer wall of the workpiece 100. After the turning process is completed, the spindle 6 stops rotating, and the milling cutter holder 2 drives the milling cutter disc 8 to extend into the interior of the workpiece 100 and makes the blade 801 on the milling cutter disc 8 abut against the inner wall of the workpiece 100. At this time, the shaft tube 3 drives the milling cutter disc 8 to rotate, and the blade 801 on the milling cutter disc 8 will mill the inner wall of the workpiece 100, thereby milling out the groove 101.

[0035] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, a cylindrical nozzle 804 is rotatably installed on the milling cutter disc 8, and the nozzle 804 corresponds to the blade 801 one by one. A diversion chamber 802 is opened in the milling cutter disc 8, and a flow channel 803 is opened on the milling cutter disc 8 to connect the nozzle 804 with the diversion chamber 802. The milling cutter disc 8 is provided with a driving mechanism to drive the nozzle 804 to rotate according to the milling depth of the blade 801.

[0036] When milling the groove 101 on the inner wall of the workpiece 100, a high-pressure airflow is input into the shaft tube 3. The high-pressure airflow enters the diversion chamber 802 through the shaft tube 3 and the joint 805. In the diversion chamber 802, the high-pressure airflow will pass through the flow channel and be ejected from the cylindrical nozzle 804. The high-pressure airflow ejected from the nozzle 804 cleans the metal debris on the blade 801.

[0037] like Fig.15 As shown, the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is the moving direction of the high-pressure airflow ejected from the nozzle 804. During the process of the blade 801 milling the groove on the inner wall of the workpiece 100, the depth of the blade 801 cutting into the inner wall of the workpiece 100 gradually increases, and the contact position between the cutting chips and the blade 801 gradually changes. The contact parts between the blade 801 and the cutting chips are the blade tip, the blade body and the blade tail in sequence. In this process, the fine metal debris on the cutting chips will also move from the blade tip to the blade tail. The present invention rotates the nozzle 804 according to the cutting depth of the blade 801. Since the nozzle 804 guides the ejected high-pressure airflow, the rotation of the nozzle 804 can change the moving direction of the high-pressure airflow, so that the high-pressure airflow can cut between the cutting chips and the blade 801 to clean the fine metal debris on the blade 801.

[0038] Compared with the prior art of stopping the machine to clean the milling cutter, the composite machine tool provided by the present invention can clean the metal debris on each blade 801 online by using the high-pressure airflow sprayed from the nozzle 804, and the nozzle 804 can change the moving direction of the high-pressure airflow according to the cutting depth of the blade 801, so that the high-pressure airflow can always cut between the cutting chips and the blade 801 to clean the metal debris between the cutting chips and the blade 801, and prevent the metal debris remaining on the blade 801 from scratching the groove wall.

[0039] Embodiment 2: Figure 4-Figure 12 As shown, the driving mechanism includes a sealing plate 9, which is fixedly connected to the milling cutter disc 8, and a ring gear 26 is rotatably installed on the sealing plate 9. A column 10 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 9, and a baffle 12 is fixedly connected to the column 10. A plurality of slots 13 are radially provided on the baffle 12, and a push rod 14 is slidably fitted in the slot 13, and a roller 15 is rotatably installed on the push rod 14. A compression spring 17 is provided in the slot 13 to apply elastic force to the push rod 14, a driving disc 24 is coaxially fixedly connected to the ring gear 26, and a plurality of inclined grooves 25 are provided on the driving disc 24, a slider 23 is fixedly connected to the push rod 14, and the slider 23 is slidably fitted in the inclined groove 25, and a driven gear 27 is rotatably installed on the milling cutter disc 8, and the driven gear 27 is coaxially fixedly connected to the nozzle 804, and the driven gear 27 matches the ring gear 26.

[0040] During the milling process, as the cutting depth of the blade 801 increases, the depth of the groove 101 will gradually increase. The width of the blade 801 is the same as the width of the groove 101, so the blade 801 can enter the groove 101, while the roller 15 will be blocked by the groove wall of the groove 101 and cannot enter the groove 101.

[0041] When the roller 15 is blocked, it will be subjected to the reverse force of the groove wall, causing the push rod 14 to retract into the groove 13 and compress the compression spring 17. During this process, the push rod 14 will drive the slider 23 to move in the inclined groove 25 and force the disc 24 to rotate. The rotation of the disc 24 will cause the other push rods 14 to move synchronously, ensuring that all the push rods 14 are on the same circumference, preventing the milling cutter disc 8 from vibrating due to the shift of the center of gravity.

[0042] An outer shell 11 is fixedly connected to the column 10 to protect the baffle 12 and prevent flying metal debris from falling into the slot 13 .

[0043] During the rotation of the disc 24, the disc 24 will drive the ring gear 26 to rotate, and the rotation of the ring gear 26 will drive the driven gear 27 to rotate. Since the driven gear 27 is coaxially connected to the nozzle 804, the driven gear 27 will drive the nozzle 804 to rotate synchronously during the rotation of the driven gear 27, thereby changing the moving direction of the high-pressure airflow ejected from the nozzle 804.

[0044] like Figure 7-Figure 8 and Figure 16-Figure 17 As shown, the baffle 12 is provided with a mounting groove 18, in which a wedge-shaped connecting block 19 and a wedge-shaped counterweight block 21 are slidably matched, the hypotenuse of the connecting block 19 abuts against the hypotenuse of the counterweight block 21, a pawl 20 is hinged on the connecting block 19, a ratchet bar 16 is fixedly connected to the top rod 14, the pawl 20 cooperates with the ratchet bar 16, and a tension spring 22 is provided in the mounting groove 18 to apply elastic force to the counterweight block 21.

[0045] During the rotation of the milling cutter disc 8, the baffle 12 will rotate synchronously therewith, and the connecting block 19 and the counterweight block 21 in the mounting groove 18 will also rotate around the column 10. During the rotation of the connecting block 19 and the counterweight block 21, the counterweight block 21 is subjected to the centrifugal force to overcome the elastic force of the tension spring 22 and perform centrifugal motion. During the centrifugal motion of the counterweight block 21, the connecting block 19 will be driven to slide in the mounting groove 18, so that the pawl 20 on the connecting block 19 will cooperate with the ratchet bar 16 to prevent the push rod 14 from performing centrifugal motion.

[0046] After the milling cutter has processed a groove, it returns the cutter and slightly reduces the speed of the milling cutter disc 8. The reduced speed of the milling cutter disc 8 will cause the speed of the connecting block 19 and the counterweight block 21 to decrease. The reduced speed will reduce the centrifugal force. At this time, the pulling force of the tension spring 22 on the counterweight block 21 is greater than the centrifugal force. Under the pulling force of the tension spring 22, the counterweight block 21 is reset. After the counterweight block 21 is reset, the connecting block 19 will be reset. When the connecting block 19 is reset, the pawl 20 will be separated from the ratchet bar 16. At this time, the push rod 14 is reset under the elastic force of the compression spring 17. After the push rod 14 is reset, the next groove milling process is carried out.

[0047] Workflow and working principle:

[0048] When the device processes the workpiece 100, the workpiece 100 is first clamped and fixed on the fixture 7, and then the spindle 6 drives the workpiece 100 to rotate. At this time, the turning tool holder 4 drives the turning tool disc 5 to move so that the turning tool on the turning tool disc 5 abuts against the workpiece 100, thereby turning the outer wall of the workpiece 100. After the turning process is completed, the spindle 6 stops rotating, and the milling cutter holder 2 drives the milling cutter disc 8 to extend into the interior of the workpiece 100 and makes the blade 801 on the milling cutter disc 8 abut against the inner wall of the workpiece 100. At this time, the shaft tube 3 drives the milling cutter disc 8 to rotate, and the blade 801 on the milling cutter disc 8 will mill the inner wall of the workpiece 100, thereby milling out the groove 101.

[0049] During the milling process, as the cutting depth of the blade 801 increases, the depth of the groove 101 will gradually increase. The width of the blade 801 is the same as the width of the groove 101, so the blade 801 can enter the groove 101, while the roller 15 will be blocked by the groove wall of the groove 101 and cannot enter the groove 101.

[0050] When the roller 15 is blocked, it will be subjected to the reverse force of the groove wall, causing the push rod 14 to retract into the groove 13 and compress the compression spring 17. During this process, the push rod 14 will drive the slider 23 to move in the inclined groove 25 and force the disc 24 to rotate. The rotation of the disc 24 will cause the other push rods 14 to move synchronously, ensuring that all the push rods 14 are on the same circumference, preventing the milling cutter disc 8 from vibrating due to the shift of the center of gravity.

[0051] An outer shell 11 is fixedly connected to the column 10 to protect the baffle 12 and prevent flying metal debris from falling into the slot 13 .

[0052] During the rotation of the disk 24 , the disk 24 will drive the ring gear 26 to rotate, and the rotation of the ring gear 26 will drive the driven gear 27 to rotate. Since the driven gear 27 is coaxially connected to the nozzle 804 , the nozzle 804 will be driven to rotate synchronously during the rotation of the driven gear 27 .

[0053] A high-pressure airflow is input into the shaft tube 3, and enters the diversion chamber 802 through the shaft tube 3 and the joint 805. In the diversion chamber 802, the high-pressure airflow will pass through the flow channel and be ejected from the cylindrical nozzle 804. The high-pressure airflow ejected from the nozzle 804 cleans the metal debris on the blade 801.

[0054] like Fig.15 As shown, the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is the moving direction of the high-pressure airflow ejected from the nozzle 804. During the process of the blade 801 milling the groove on the inner wall of the workpiece 100, the depth of the blade 801 cutting into the inner wall of the workpiece 100 gradually increases, and the contact position between the cutting chips and the blade 801 gradually changes. The contact parts between the blade 801 and the cutting chips are the blade tip, the blade body and the blade tail in sequence. In this process, the fine metal debris on the cutting chips will also move from the blade tip to the blade tail. The present invention rotates the nozzle 804 according to the cutting depth of the blade 801. Since the nozzle 804 guides the ejected high-pressure airflow, the rotation of the nozzle 804 can change the moving direction of the high-pressure airflow, so that the high-pressure airflow can cut between the cutting chips and the blade 801 to clean the fine metal debris on the blade 801.

[0055] Compared with the prior art of stopping the machine to clean the milling cutter, the composite machine tool provided by the present invention uses the high-pressure airflow sprayed from the nozzle 804 to clean the metal debris on each blade 801 online, saving the time required for cleaning the milling cutter, and the nozzle 804 can change the moving direction of the high-pressure airflow according to the cutting depth of the blade 801, so that the high-pressure airflow can always cut between the cutting chips and the blade 801 to clean the metal debris between the cutting chips and the blade 801, and prevent the metal debris remaining on the blade 801 from scratching the groove wall.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-station turning and milling machine tool, comprising a bed (1), characterized in that: A milling cutter holder (2) and a spindle (6) are mounted on the bed (1); a shaft tube (3) is rotatably mounted on the milling cutter holder (2); a fixture (7) is provided on the spindle (6) for clamping and fixing the workpiece (100); a turning tool holder (4) is mounted on the bed (1); and a turning tool disc (5) is mounted on the turning tool holder (4); The shaft tube (3) is provided with a joint (805) for fixing a milling cutter disc (8), a blade (801) is detachably connected to the milling cutter disc (8), a cylindrical nozzle (804) is rotatably mounted on the milling cutter disc (8), the nozzle (804) and the blade (801) correspond one to one, a flow diversion chamber (802) is provided in the milling cutter disc (8), a flow channel (803) is provided on the milling cutter disc (8) for connecting the nozzle (804) and the flow diversion chamber (802), and the milling cutter disc (8) is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the nozzle (804) to rotate according to the milling depth of the blade (801) so as to clean fine metal debris on the blade (801); The driving mechanism comprises a sealing plate (9), the sealing plate (9) being fixedly connected to a milling cutter disc (8), a ring gear (26) being rotatably mounted on the sealing plate (9), a driven gear (27) being rotatably mounted on the milling cutter disc (8), the driven gear (27) being coaxially fixedly connected to the nozzle (804), and the driven gear (27) matching the ring gear (26); The sealing plate (9) is fixedly connected to a column (10), the column (10) is fixedly connected to a baffle (12), the baffle (12) is radially provided with a plurality of slots (13), a push rod (14) is slidably engaged in the slot (13), a roller (15) is rotatably mounted on the push rod (14), and a compression spring (17) is provided in the slot (13) to apply elastic force to the push rod (14); A driving disc (24) is coaxially fixedly connected to the ring gear (26), a plurality of inclined sliding grooves (25) are provided on the driving disc (24), a sliding block (23) is fixedly connected to the push rod (14), and the sliding block (23) can be slidably fitted in the inclined sliding groove (25).

2. The multi-station turning-milling compound machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle plate (12) is provided with a mounting groove (18), and a wedge-shaped connecting block (19) and a wedge-shaped counterweight block (21) are slidably matched in the mounting groove (18), the oblique side of the connecting block (19) abuts against the oblique side of the counterweight block (21), a ratchet (20) is hinged on the connecting block (19), a ratchet bar (16) is fixedly connected to the push rod (14), the ratchet bar (20) cooperates with the ratchet bar (16), and a tension spring (22) is provided in the mounting groove (18) to apply elastic force to the counterweight block (21).

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