A composite TBM for hard rock formations with a mud cake detection and removal device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a composite TBM tunneling machine for hard rock formations with a mud cake detection and removal device, and relates to the technical field of TBM tunneling machines. The present invention includes a tunneling machine head arranged on a tunneling main machine, and also includes: a crushing unit, which is arranged in the tunneling machine head, including a rotating component and a crushing component; a mud cake removal unit, which is arranged in the tunneling main machine and the tunneling machine head, including a collecting component, a reprocessing component and a conveying component. The advantage is that the present invention can automatically collect and remove the front mud cake by utilizing the rotation of the tunneling cutter disc while tunneling and crushing the hard rock formation, effectively avoiding the accumulation of mud cake in front of the tunneling cutter disc to affect the tunneling effect, and at the same time, by adopting high-pressure washing combined with vibration sorting and rotational crushing, the collected mud cake can be subjected to secondary processing, which can not only effectively avoid the mud cake adhesion affecting the collection effect, but also improve the collection and transportation efficiency of the mud cake, and the tunneling efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of TBM tunneling machines, and in particular to a hard rock stratum composite TBM tunneling machine with a mud cake detection and removal device. Background Art

[0002] The composite TBM, also known as a tunnel boring machine, is a heavy-duty mechanical equipment used for underground tunnel excavation that uses a rotating cutter to cut hard rock formations and automatically transports the excavated mud cakes, rocks and other materials to the outside of the tunnel.

[0003] Existing tunnel boring machines use various forms to achieve excavation of hard rock formations, such as a small slag cleaning device for a TBM tunnel boring machine with publication number CN116181352A, which includes a bucket base, a rotary motor, a bucket main frame, a lifting cylinder, a bucket connecting frame, a first rotating shaft, a lifting cylinder, a slag cleaning bucket, and a second rotating shaft;

[0004] When a tunnel boring machine is crushing and excavating hard rock formations, it will produce a lot of crushed stones or a large volume of mud cakes (also known as mud blocks) with high adhesion due to excessive moisture in the formation. The large volume of mud cakes will clog the front of the cutter head of the tunnel boring machine, affecting the rotation and transportation efficiency of the cutter head. For example, the above-mentioned referenced prior art uses a slag cleaning bucket to dig and shovel to clean the mud cake and crushed stones. However, due to the particularity of the tunnel boring machine structure, the front cutter head needs to crush the hard rock formation and cannot be installed with a slag cleaning bucket, so that the device can only be used inside the tunnel boring machine for cleaning, and the mud cake at the front of the tunnel boring machine cannot be removed. Moreover, since the mud cake has a certain viscosity and volume, it will adhere to the inside of the bucket during shoveling and cannot be removed. As the accumulation of mud cake increases, the storage space inside the shovel head will gradually decrease, affecting the removal efficiency of the mud cake.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to design a hard rock stratum composite TBM with a mud cake detection and removal device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a hard rock stratum composite TBM tunneling machine with a mud cake detection and removal device, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A hard rock stratum composite TBM tunneling machine with a mud cake detection and removal device, comprising a tunneling machine head arranged on a tunneling main machine, and also comprising:

[0008] The crushing unit is arranged in the tunneling machine head and is used to realize the crushing of hard rock formations, and includes a rotating assembly and a crushing assembly, wherein the rotating assembly is used to drive the crushing assembly to rotate and realize the rotational crushing of the hard rock formations;

[0009] The mud cake removal unit is arranged in the main boring machine and the boring machine head, and is used to remove the mud cake generated when the crushing unit crushes the hard rock formation. It includes a collecting component, a reprocessing component and a conveying component. The collecting component is used to collect the mud cake, the reprocessing component is used to crush and reprocess the collected mud cake, and the conveying component is used to realize the layered conveying of the mud cake after crushing.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating assembly comprises a fixed plate fixedly mounted in the excavation main machine, a plurality of driving motors are fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, a driving gear is fixedly mounted on the driving end of each driving motor, a limit plate is fixedly mounted in the excavation main machine, a rotating internal gear ring is rotatably mounted in the limit plate, and the plurality of driving gears are all meshed with the rotating internal gear ring;

[0011] The plurality of driving motors drive the plurality of driving gears to rotate, and the plurality of driving gears cooperate together to drive the internal gear ring to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, the crushing assembly comprises a tunneling cutter disc rotatably mounted on a tunneling machine head, a rotating roller is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the tunneling cutter disc, and a rotating column matched with the rotating roller is fixedly mounted on the rotating inner gear ring, and a plurality of tunneling crushing wheels for crushing hard rock formations are arranged on the tunneling cutter disc;

[0013] The rotating inner gear ring drives the excavation cutter disc to rotate through the cooperation of the rotating column and the rotating roller. The rotation of the excavation cutter disc drives the rotation of multiple excavation crushing wheels thereon to achieve excavation and crushing of hard rock formations.

[0014] Preferably, the collecting assembly includes a plurality of snap-fit ​​openings provided on the tunneling cutter disc, a mud cake collecting shovel is snap-fitted in each of the snap-fit ​​openings, and a storage mechanism is provided in each of the mud cake collecting shovels, a cleaning cover for collecting mud cake is fixedly installed in the tunneling machine head, and the cleaning cover is rotatably connected to the rotating column, and a collecting mechanism is installed on the cleaning cover.

[0015] Preferably, the storage mechanism includes a storage trough for collecting mud cakes, and the mud cake collecting shovel is provided with a pouring opening and a feeding opening, wherein the feeding opening is used to collect mud cakes into the storage trough, and the pouring opening is used to pour out the mud cakes in the storage trough.

[0016] Preferably, the material collecting mechanism comprises a shielding ring fixedly mounted on the cleaning cover, the shielding ring is provided with a collecting opening matched with the material pouring opening, a touch button is fixedly mounted on the shielding ring, and each of the mud cake collecting shovel parts is provided with a first detection soft rod and a second detection soft rod matched with the touch button;

[0017] The main boring machine is provided with a high-pressure water pipe for conveying cleaning water, and the end of the high-pressure water pipe is located at the upper part of the collecting opening. The end of the high-pressure water pipe is provided with an observation camera for observing the mud cake content in the mud cake collecting shovel. The high-pressure water pipe is provided with a PLC controller, and the observation camera and touch buttons are coordinated with the PLC controller.

[0018] Preferably, the reprocessing assembly includes a vibration storage cover fixedly mounted on the shielding ring, and the vibration storage cover is located directly below the collection opening, a plurality of vibration sieve holes are provided on the vibration storage cover, and a vibration mechanism is provided on the vibration storage cover.

[0019] Preferably, the vibration mechanism comprises a plurality of crushing cones fixedly mounted on the rotating roller for crushing the mud cake, a plurality of elastic vibration rods are fixedly mounted on the lower part of the vibration receiving cover, and the plurality of elastic vibration rods are matched with the crushing cones;

[0020] The multiple crushing cones rotate with the rotation of the rotating roller, and contact and impact the multiple elastic vibration rods during the rotation process, and the vibration receiving cover is vibrated during the impact process, so as to realize the vibration screening of the mud cake in the vibration receiving cover.

[0021] Preferably, the conveying assembly comprises an upper conveyor belt and a lower conveyor belt arranged in the tunneling main machine and the tunneling head, the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt are both used to realize the conveying of mud cakes, the fixed plate and the limit plate are both provided with conveying openings that match the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt, the cleaning cover is provided with a mud discharge opening for discharging mud cakes, and the upper conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of material distribution holes;

[0022] The crushed and processed mud cake falls onto the upper conveyor belt through the mud outlet opening, wherein the small volume of crushed mud in the mud cake falls onto the lower conveyor belt through multiple dividing holes for transportation, and the larger volume of mud cake is transported along the upper conveyor belt, thus realizing the divided transportation of the mud cake.

[0023] Preferably, each of the mud cake collecting shovels is provided with an inclined guide plate, which is used to enable the mud cake collecting shovel to rotate to the uppermost part and be in a vertical state, so that the mud cake therein can be more easily poured out through the pouring opening under the action of gravity. A return spring shaft is fixedly installed on the mud cake collecting shovel, and a shielding door that cooperates with the feed opening is rotatably installed on the return spring shaft.

[0024] The present invention provides a hard rock stratum composite TBM tunneling machine with a mud cake detection and removal device. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. When the TBM is removing mud cake, it uses a driving method that drives the driving gears to rotate through multiple sets of driving motors, thereby driving the rotating internal gear ring to rotate, that is, the driving method of the planetary gear set is adopted. It has a high transmission efficiency and can apply a large torque to the excavation cutterhead, so that it can apply a stable excavation crushing force to the hard rock formation, effectively improving the crushing efficiency.

[0026] 2. When the TBM is removing mud cake, the excavation cutter head can rotate and break the hard rock formation while driving multiple mud cake collecting shovels to rotate, and automatically collect and store the broken mud cake when the mud cake collecting shovels rotate to the lower part, thereby preventing mud cake from accumulating in front of the excavation cutter head and affecting the excavation efficiency of the excavation cutter head.

[0027] 3. When the TBM is removing mud cake, when the mud cake collecting shovel rotates to the upper part, the mud cake collected inside can be automatically poured out and collected by gravity. At the same time, the high-pressure water pipe is triggered by the rotation of the mud cake collecting shovel to flush the inside of the mud cake collecting shovel with high-pressure water flow, so as to wash away the mud cake adhering to the mud cake collecting shovel, thereby avoiding excessive accumulation of mud cake in the mud cake collecting shovel and affecting the mud cake removal efficiency.

[0028] 4. When the TBM is removing the mud cake, the mud cake collected in the mud cake collecting shovel can be crushed and processed by adopting the reciprocating vibration and rotary cutting and crushing method, which can effectively reduce the volume of the mud cake. At the same time, the crushed stone in the mud cake is removed and separated from the mud cake, completing the independent layered transportation of the mud cake and the crushed stone.

[0029] To sum up, the present invention can automatically collect and remove the front mud cake by utilizing the rotation of the excavation cutter disc while excavating and crushing the hard rock formation, effectively avoiding the accumulation of mud cake in front of the excavation cutter disc and affecting the excavation effect. At the same time, by adopting high-pressure flushing combined with vibration sorting and rotational crushing, the collected mud cake can be subjected to secondary processing, which can effectively avoid the adhesion of mud cake affecting the collection effect, and can also improve the collection and transportation efficiency of mud cake, thereby achieving higher excavation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a composite TBM tunneling machine for hard rock formations with a mud cake detection and removal device proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention arranged on a supporting excavation machine;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure after rotating a certain angle;

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure breakdown;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure after rotating a certain angle;

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A front view of

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Plane structural section view of the AA section;

[0038] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing unit in the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure after rotating a certain angle;

[0041] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mud cake removal unit in the present invention;

[0042] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure after rotating a certain angle;

[0043] Fig.13 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure after removing the cleaning cover and the upper and lower conveyor belts;

[0044] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A magnified view of the node in the middle B area;

[0045] Fig.15 for Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle mud cake collecting shovel;

[0046] Fig.16 for Fig.13 Front view of .

[0047] In the figure: 1 excavation main machine, 2 excavation machine head, 3 excavation cutter disc, 4 excavation crushing wheel, 5 mud cake shovel, 6 lower conveyor belt, 7 upper conveyor belt, 8 fixed plate, 9 drive motor, 10 rotating inner gear ring, 11 cleaning cover, 12 shielding ring, 13 rotating roller, 14 limit plate, 15 high-pressure water pipe, 16 drive gear, 17 mud outlet opening, 18 vibration collection cover, 19 collection opening, 20 detection soft rod 1, 21 touch button, 22 crushing cone, 23 vibration screen hole, 24 distribution hole, 25 rotating column, 26 engagement opening, 27 pouring opening, 28 feeding opening, 29 storage trough, 30 elastic vibration rod, 31 detection soft rod 2, 32 shielding door, 33 reset spring shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0049] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 A composite TBM for hard rock formations with a mud cake detection and removal device comprises a tunneling head 2 arranged on a tunneling main machine 1. The rear of the tunneling main machine 1 is fixed to a propulsion machine at the rear end of the tunneling machine. When the propulsion machine is started, the tunneling main machine 1 and the tunneling head 2 are pushed forward to achieve crushing tunneling in hard rock formations.

[0050] It also includes: a crushing unit, which is arranged in the tunneling head 2 and is used to crush the hard rock formation. The tunneling head 2 drives the crushing unit to rotate, and with the cooperation of the thruster, the crushing and tunneling of the hard rock formation are achieved. The rotary crushing method can effectively improve the crushing range and efficiency.

[0051] The mud cake removal unit is arranged in the tunneling main machine 1 and the tunneling head 2, and is used to remove the mud cake generated when the crushing unit crushes the hard rock formation, to prevent the mud cake from adhering and accumulating on the front part of the tunneling head 2, and to prevent the mud cake from clogging the front part of the tunneling head 2 and affecting the tunneling efficiency.

[0052] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 as well as Figure 6-Figure 10 : The crushing unit includes a rotating assembly and a crushing assembly, wherein the rotating assembly is used to drive the crushing assembly to rotate, thereby realizing the rotational crushing of the hard rock formation;

[0053] The rotating assembly includes a fixed plate 8 fixedly installed in the excavation main machine 1, a plurality of driving motors 9 are fixedly installed on the fixed plate 8, a driving gear 16 is fixedly installed on the driving end of each driving motor 9, a limit plate 14 is fixedly installed in the excavation main machine 1, and a rotating internal gear ring 10 is rotatably installed in the limit plate 14, and the plurality of driving gears 16 are all meshed with the rotating internal gear ring 10;

[0054] The plurality of driving motors 9 drive the plurality of driving gears 16 to rotate, and the plurality of driving gears 16 cooperate with each other to drive the internal gear ring 10 to rotate;

[0055] When the driving motor 9 is started, the corresponding driving gear 16 is driven to rotate. The coordinated rotation of multiple driving gears 16 will drive the rotating internal gear ring 10 meshing therewith to rotate, and can effectively improve the rotation stability of the rotating internal gear ring 10. In addition, by using multiple driving gears 16 to jointly rotate and drive the rotating internal gear ring 10 to rotate, a larger rotational torque can be applied to the rotating internal gear ring 10, and a higher transmission efficiency is achieved, thereby improving the rotational crushing effect of the crushing assembly on the hard rock formation.

[0056] In a further embodiment, a rotating roller 13 is fixedly installed inside the excavation cutter disc 3, and a rotating column 25 matching the rotating roller 13 is fixedly installed on the rotating inner gear ring 10, and a plurality of excavation crushing wheels 4 for crushing hard rock formations are arranged on the excavation cutter disc 3;

[0057] The rotation of the inner gear ring 10 will drive the rotating column 25 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating roller 13 to rotate, that is, the driving cutter head 3 is driven to rotate through the rotating roller 13, and the driving cutter head 3 is driven to rotate by the driving crushing wheel 4 thereon. The rotation of multiple driving crushing wheels 4 will squeeze and crush the hard rock formation;

[0058] The rotating inner gear ring 10 drives the excavation cutter disc 3 to rotate through the cooperation of the rotating column 25 and the rotating roller 13. The rotation of the excavation cutter disc 3 drives the multiple excavation crushing wheels 4 thereon to rotate to realize the excavation and crushing of hard rock formations. The excavation crushing wheel 4 is rotatably installed in the excavation cutter disc 3, so that it can rotate under the action of rotational friction while rotating with the excavation cutter disc 3, thereby further increasing its crushing effect on the hard rock formation.

[0059] The crushed stones and mud cakes (mud blocks) generated when the excavation cutter head 3 breaks the hard rock formation will fall downward under the action of gravity, that is, they will accumulate at the front lower part of the excavation cutter head 3.

[0060] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 as well as Figure 11-Figure 16 The mud cake removal unit includes a collecting component, a reprocessing component and a conveying component, wherein the collecting component is used to collect the mud cake, the reprocessing component is used to crush and reprocess the collected mud cake, and the conveying component is used to realize the layered conveying of the crushed mud cake;

[0061] The collecting assembly includes a plurality of snap-fit ​​openings 26 provided on the excavation cutter disc 3, each snap-fit ​​opening 26 is snap-fitted with a mud cake collecting scoop 5, and each mud cake collecting scoop 5 is provided with a storage mechanism;

[0062] The storage mechanism includes a storage tank 29 for collecting mud cakes, which is provided in the mud cake collecting shovel 5. The mud cake collecting shovel 5 is provided with a pouring opening 27 and a feeding opening 28. The feeding opening 28 is used to collect mud cakes into the storage tank 29, and the pouring opening 27 is used to pour out the mud cakes in the storage tank 29.

[0063] The plurality of mud cake collecting shovel members 5 are all engaged in the excavation cutter disc 3 and rotate with the rotation of the excavation cutter disc 3. When the mud cake collecting shovel member 5 rotates to the lower part (as shown in the attached manual), the mud cake collecting shovel member 5 rotates to the lower part. Figure 8 The mud cake collecting shovel 5 at the bottom is shown as a figure, which will contact the mud cake and gravel at the bottom, so that the mud cake and gravel can be collected into the storage tank 29 through the feed opening 28 while rotating, completing the automatic collection of mud cake and gravel;

[0064] When the mud cake collecting shovel 5 is rotated out from the bottom, the opening direction of the feed opening 28 on it is upward, so that the mud cake and crushed stones stored therein will not fall out through the feed opening 28, and the collection and rotation transportation of the mud cake and crushed stones can be realized. The cooperation of multiple mud cake collecting shovels 5 can automatically collect and transport the mud cake and crushed stones generated when the hard rock formation is broken while the excavation cutter head 3 is excavating, so as to avoid the accumulation of crushed stone mud cake in front of the excavation cutter head 3 to affect the excavation efficiency.

[0065] An inclined guide plate is provided in each mud cake collecting shovel member 5, and the inclined guide plate is used to make the mud cake collecting shovel member 5 rotate to the uppermost part and be in a vertical state, so that the mud cake therein can be more easily poured out through the pouring opening 27 under the action of gravity. A return spring shaft 33 is fixedly installed on the mud cake collecting shovel member 5, and a shielding door 32 cooperating with the feed opening 28 is rotatably installed on the return spring shaft 33. The shielding door 32 cooperates with the return spring shaft 33, and the feed opening 28 can be blocked by the shielding door 32 when the mud cake collecting shovel member 5 is not collecting mud cake, thereby further preventing the mud cake in the mud cake collecting shovel member 5 from falling out through the feed opening 28 and affecting the collection effect.

[0066] In a further embodiment, a cleaning cover 11 for collecting mud cake is fixedly installed in the tunneling machine head 2, and the cleaning cover 11 is rotatably connected to the rotating column 25. A collecting mechanism is installed on the cleaning cover 11, and the collecting mechanism includes a shielding ring 12 fixedly installed on the cleaning cover 11, and a collecting opening 19 matching the material pouring opening 27 is opened on the shielding ring 12;

[0067] The shielding ring 12 is arranged at the rear of the excavation cutter disc 3 and fits with the rear of multiple mud cake collecting shovels 5. When the mud cake collecting shovels 5 rotate to the uppermost part, the pouring opening 27 on the mud cake collecting shovel 5 is connected with the collecting opening 19 on the shielding ring 12. At this time, the mud cake and gravel in the storage trough 29 in the mud cake collecting shovel 5 will automatically fall into the collecting opening 19 through the pouring opening 27, and automatically fall after passing through the collecting opening 19. When the mud cake collecting shovel 5 is not rotated to the uppermost part, the pouring opening 27 thereon will be blocked by the shielding ring 12, and the mud cake and gravel therein will not fall out, thereby realizing automatic and directional collection of mud cake and gravel.

[0068] A touch button 21 is fixedly mounted on the shielding ring 12, and each mud cake collecting shovel member 5 is provided with a detection soft rod 1 20 and a detection soft rod 2 31 that cooperate with the touch button 21. When the mud cake collecting shovel member 5 rotates to the upper part, the detection soft rod 1 20 thereon will first contact and squeeze the touch button 21, and the touch button 21 will be triggered at this time. When the mud cake collecting shovel member 5 continues to rotate to separate the detection soft rod 1 20 from the touch button 21, and the detection soft rod 2 31 contacts and squeezes the touch button 21, the touch button 21 will be closed under the squeezing action of the detection soft rod 2 31;

[0069] The main excavation machine 1 is provided with a high-pressure water pipe 15 for conveying cleaning water, and the end of the high-pressure water pipe 15 is located at the upper part of the collecting opening 19. The end of the high-pressure water pipe 15 is provided with an observation camera for observing the mud cake content in the mud cake collecting shovel 5. The high-pressure water pipe 15 is provided with a PLC controller, and the observation camera and the touch button 21 are both matched with the PLC controller.

[0070] The observation camera is used to observe the content of mud cake adhesion accumulation in the storage tank 29 of the mud cake collecting shovel 5 through the collection opening 19 and the material pouring opening 27 when the mud cake collecting shovel 5 rotates to the uppermost part, and transmit the observation data to the PLC controller, and the flushing intensity and flushing amount of the high-pressure water pipe 15 are controlled by the PLC controller;

[0071] When the touch button 21 is triggered by the detection soft rod 20, it means that the mud cake collecting shovel 5 has moved to the upper part. The touch button 21 will control the high-pressure water pipe 15 through the PLC controller to flush the material storage tank 29 in the mud cake collecting shovel 5 with high pressure water through the collection opening 19 and the material pouring opening 27, so as to clean the mud cake attached to the material storage tank 29 and avoid the accumulation of mud cake in the material storage tank 29 to affect the collection efficiency of the mud cake.

[0072] The flushing water flushed into the mud cake collecting shovel 5 will fall to the front of the excavation cutter disc 3 through the feed opening 28, and slide down to the bottom under the action of gravity, thereby not only moistening the excavation cutter disc 3 to reduce its working temperature, but also moistening the mud cake in front of the excavation cutter disc 3, thereby reducing the hardness of the mud cake, avoiding a large amount of mud cake agglomeration, and improving the efficiency of the subsequent mud cake collecting shovel 5 in collecting mud cakes.

[0073] In a further embodiment, the reprocessing assembly includes a vibration receiving cover 18 fixedly mounted on the shielding ring 12, and the vibration receiving cover 18 is located directly below the collection opening 19, a plurality of vibration screen holes 23 are provided on the vibration receiving cover 18, and a vibration mechanism is provided on the vibration receiving cover 18;

[0074] The vibration mechanism includes a plurality of crushing cones 22 fixedly mounted on the rotating roller 13 for crushing the mud cake, and a plurality of elastic vibration rods 30 are fixedly mounted on the lower part of the vibration receiving cover 18, and the plurality of elastic vibration rods 30 are matched with the crushing cones 22;

[0075] The plurality of crushing cones 22 rotate with the rotation of the rotating roller 13, and contact and impact the plurality of elastic vibration rods 30 during the rotation process, and make the vibration receiving cover 18 vibrate during the impact process, so as to realize the vibration screening of the mud cake in the vibration receiving cover 18;

[0076] The mud cake poured out through the collecting opening 19 will fall into the vibrating collecting cover 18, at which time the smaller mud blocks therein will directly fall out through the vibrating screen holes 23 thereon, while the larger parts will remain therein. When the rotating roller 13 rotates and drives the multiple crushing cones 22 thereon to rotate, the crushing cones 22 will hit the multiple elastic vibrating rods 30 at the lower part of the vibrating collecting cover 18 when rotating, thereby causing the vibrating collecting cover 18 to vibrate more greatly. When the vibrating collecting cover 18 vibrates, the large mud blocks therein will be vibrated and dispersed, so that they can fall and be screened out through the vibrating screen holes 23, thereby completing the preliminary vibration and dispersion treatment of the mud cake.

[0077] The larger crushed stones in the mud cake cannot be dispersed by vibration and will remain in the vibration collection cover 18, so that the large crushed stones and the mud cake are automatically separated. The crushed stones in the vibration collection cover 18 can be collected and removed regularly.

[0078] The mud cake blocks falling through the vibrating screen holes 23 will contact and collide with the rotating multiple crushing cones 22. At this time, the multiple crushing cones 22 will cut and crush the mud blocks, which can further reduce the volume of the mud cake blocks and facilitate the removal and transportation of the mud cake blocks.

[0079] The conveying assembly includes an upper conveyor belt 7 and a lower conveyor belt 6 arranged in the tunneling main machine 1 and the tunneling head 2. The upper conveyor belt 7 and the lower conveyor belt 6 are both used to realize the conveying of mud cakes. The fixed plate 8 and the limit plate 14 are both provided with conveying openings that match the upper conveyor belt 7 and the lower conveyor belt 6. The cleaning cover 11 is provided with a mud discharge opening 17 for discharging mud cakes. The upper conveyor belt 7 is provided with a plurality of material distribution holes 24.

[0080] The upper conveyor belt 7 and the lower conveyor belt 6 are both conveying devices commonly used in the prior art for conveying materials, which can realize automatic conveying of mud cakes when excavating hard rock formations. This is an existing structure and will not be described in detail here.

[0081] The crushed and processed mud cake will fall onto the upper conveyor belt 7 through the mud outlet opening 17 on the cleaning cover 11, wherein the small volume of crushed mud in the mud cake falls onto the lower conveyor belt 6 through multiple dividing holes 24 for transportation, and the larger volume of mud cake is transported along the upper conveyor belt 7, thereby realizing the divided transportation of the mud cake.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hard rock stratum composite TBM with a mud cake detection and removal device, comprising a tunneling head (2) arranged on a tunneling main machine (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A crushing unit is arranged in the tunneling machine head (2) and is used to realize the crushing of hard rock formations, comprising a rotating assembly and a crushing assembly, wherein the rotating assembly is used to drive the crushing assembly to rotate, thereby realizing the rotational crushing of the hard rock formations; The rotating assembly comprises a fixed plate (8) fixedly mounted in the excavation main machine (1), a plurality of drive motors (9) fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (8), a drive gear (16) fixedly mounted on the driving end of each drive motor (9), a limit plate (14) fixedly mounted in the excavation main machine (1), a rotating internal gear ring (10) rotatably mounted in the limit plate (14), and the plurality of drive gears (16) all mesh with the rotating internal gear ring (10); The plurality of drive motors (9) drive the plurality of drive gears (16) to rotate, and the plurality of drive gears (16) cooperate with each other to drive the internal gear ring (10) to rotate; The crushing assembly comprises a tunneling cutter disc (3) rotatably mounted on a tunneling machine head (2), a rotating roller (13) being fixedly mounted on the inner side of the tunneling cutter disc (3), and a rotating column (25) matching the rotating roller (13) being fixedly mounted on a rotating inner gear ring (10), and a plurality of tunneling crushing wheels (4) for crushing hard rock formations being arranged on the tunneling cutter disc (3); The rotating inner gear ring (10) drives the excavation cutter disc (3) to rotate through the cooperation of the rotating column (25) and the rotating roller (13), and the rotation of the excavation cutter disc (3) drives the rotation of the multiple excavation crushing wheels (4) thereon to achieve excavation crushing of hard rock formations; A mud cake removal unit is arranged in the main tunneling machine (1) and the tunneling machine head (2) and is used to remove mud cake generated when the crushing unit crushes the hard rock formation. The unit comprises a collection component, a reprocessing component and a conveying component, wherein the collection component is used to collect the mud cake, the reprocessing component is used to crush and reprocess the collected mud cake, and the conveying component is used to convey the crushed mud cake in layers; The collecting assembly comprises a plurality of engaging openings (26) formed on the excavation cutter disc (3), a mud cake collecting shovel (5) being engaged and installed in each of the engaging openings (26), and a storage mechanism being provided in each of the mud cake collecting shovel (5), a cleaning cover (11) for collecting mud cake being fixedly installed in the excavation machine head (2), the cleaning cover (11) being rotatably connected to the rotating column (25), and a material collecting mechanism being installed on the cleaning cover (11); The storage mechanism comprises a storage trough (29) for collecting mud cakes and provided in the mud cake collecting shovel (5); a pouring opening (27) and a feeding opening (28) are provided in the mud cake collecting shovel (5); the feeding opening (28) is used to collect mud cakes into the storage trough (29); and the pouring opening (27) is used to pour out the mud cakes in the storage trough (29); The material collecting mechanism comprises a shielding ring (12) fixedly mounted on the cleaning cover (11), the shielding ring (12) being provided with a collecting opening (19) cooperating with the material pouring opening (27), the shielding ring (12) being fixedly mounted with a touch button (21), and each of the mud cake collecting shovel members (5) being provided with a first detection soft rod (20) and a second detection soft rod (31) cooperating with the touch button (21); The excavation main machine (1) is provided with a high-pressure water pipe (15) for conveying cleaning water, and the end of the high-pressure water pipe (15) is located at the upper part of the collecting opening (19). The end of the high-pressure water pipe (15) is provided with an observation camera for observing the mud cake content in the mud cake collecting shovel (5). The high-pressure water pipe (15) is provided with a PLC controller, and the observation camera and the touch button (21) are both coordinated with the PLC controller.

2. A hard rock stratum composite TBM with a mud cake detection and removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reprocessing assembly comprises a vibration collection cover (18) fixedly mounted on a shielding ring (12), wherein the vibration collection cover (18) is located directly below a collection opening (19), a plurality of vibration sieve holes (23) are provided on the vibration collection cover (18), and a vibration mechanism is provided on the vibration collection cover (18).

3. A hard rock stratum composite TBM with a mud cake detection and removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vibration mechanism comprises a plurality of crushing cones (22) fixedly mounted on a rotating roller (13) for crushing mud cakes, a plurality of elastic vibration rods (30) fixedly mounted on the lower part of the vibration storage cover (18), and the plurality of elastic vibration rods (30) are matched with the crushing cones (22); The plurality of crushing cones (22) rotate along with the rotation of the rotating roller (13), and contact and impact the plurality of elastic vibration rods (30) during the rotation process, and cause the vibration collection cover (18) to vibrate during the impact process, thereby achieving vibration screening of the mud cake in the vibration collection cover (18).

4. The hard rock stratum composite TBM with a mud cake detection and removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conveying assembly comprises an upper conveyor belt (7) and a lower conveyor belt (6) arranged in the tunneling main machine (1) and the tunneling machine head (2); the upper conveyor belt (7) and the lower conveyor belt (6) are both used to convey mud cakes; the fixed plate (8) and the limit plate (14) are both provided with conveying openings that match the upper conveyor belt (7) and the lower conveyor belt (6); the cleaning cover (11) is provided with a mud discharge opening (17) for discharging mud cakes; and the upper conveyor belt (7) is provided with a plurality of material distribution holes (24); The crushed and processed mud cake falls onto the upper conveyor belt (7) through the mud outlet opening (17), wherein the small volume of crushed mud in the mud cake falls onto the lower conveyor belt (6) through the plurality of material distribution holes (24) for transportation, and the larger volume of mud cake is transported along the upper conveyor belt (7), thereby realizing the material distribution and transportation of the mud cake.

5. The hard rock stratum composite TBM with a mud cake detection and removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each mud cake collecting shovel (5) is provided with an inclined guide plate, which is used to enable the mud cake inside the mud cake collecting shovel (5) to be poured out through the pouring opening (27) under the action of gravity when the mud cake collecting shovel (5) is rotated to the uppermost part and is in a vertical state. A return spring shaft (33) is fixedly mounted on the mud cake collecting shovel (5), and a shielding door (32) that cooperates with the feeding opening (28) is rotatably mounted on the return spring shaft (33).

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