A constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank and intensive mixed gas energy storage system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a constant-pressure diaphragm air pressure tank and an intensive mixed gas energy storage system and method. The constant-pressure diaphragm air pressure tank is provided with a pressure detection alarm device in the air film, and a air film pressure relief valve is provided on the air film. The pressure detection alarm device is used to directly or indirectly send a control signal to the air film pressure relief valve when it is detected that the difference between the pressure of the second cavity and the internal pressure of the pressure detection alarm device reaches a set threshold value, and the air film pressure relief valve is used to open when receiving the control signal to connect the second cavity with the first cavity. The valve can quickly respond and alarm when a pressure imbalance is detected, and discharge the second working fluid gas in the second cavity into the first cavity to form an air pressure balance inside and outside the air film, thereby ensuring the safety of the air film and avoiding the gradual increase of the air film to the limit and rupture when a certain equipment fails or the tank body of the constant-pressure diaphragm air pressure tank leaks, causing the pressure inside the air film to be greater than the pressure outside the air film, and timely alarming to stop the operation of the intensive mixed gas energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage systems and related equipment, and in particular to a constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank and an intensive mixed gas energy storage system and method. Background Art

[0002] Compressed air energy storage technology is a physical energy storage technology that uses compressed air to store energy. It has the advantages of large energy storage capacity, high safety, economy, environmental protection and mature technology. It plays an important role in the future energy system, especially in promoting the use of renewable energy and improving the stability of the power grid.

[0003] Carbon dioxide energy storage (CES) technology is a new physical energy storage technology based on compressed air energy storage (CAES) and Brayton power generation cycle. As a new technology, carbon dioxide energy storage uses a multi-stage compressor to convert atmospheric pressure gaseous carbon dioxide into high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide during the low electricity price period, and converts electrical energy into the form of carbon dioxide internal energy for storage; during the peak period of electricity consumption, the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is expanded and converted into atmospheric pressure gaseous carbon dioxide through a multi-stage expander to generate electricity, and finally realize the storage and release of electrical energy. However, this system has some disadvantages: ① Huge equipment investment. The whole system consists of low-pressure gas storage warehouse, high-pressure storage tank, compressor unit, turbine unit, heat exchange system and a large number of cold and heat storage tanks. In particular, the low-pressure gas storage warehouse uses atmospheric pressure to store carbon dioxide. Taking a 10MW carbon dioxide energy storage system as an example, its low-pressure gas storage warehouse will reach 1 million cubic meters, which will be a huge land cost in developed areas. The investment cost of these systems will be very huge, and the cost of technology promotion cannot be ignored. ② Some energy storage solutions use more than two media and use breathing gas tanks with air membranes for medium-pressure energy storage. However, the air membrane is easily affected by a variety of uncertain factors, resulting in an imbalance in the pressure inside and outside the air membrane, and eventually causing the risk of explosion and rupture of the air membrane, which needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] A technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned related technologies and provide an intensive mixed gas energy storage system and energy storage method using a safe constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank, and the construction cost of the intensive mixed gas energy storage system is low.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank to solve the technical problem is: a constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank, including a tank body, an air film is arranged in the tank body, the first cavity in the tank body is used to store a first working gas, the tank body is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet of the first cavity, the second cavity in the air film is used to store a second working gas, the air film is connected with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe of the second cavity passing through the tank body, a pressure detection alarm device is arranged in the air film, and the air film is connected with an air film pressure relief valve;

[0006] The pressure detection alarm device is used to directly or indirectly send a control signal to the air film pressure relief valve when it is detected that the difference between the pressure of the second cavity and the internal pressure of the pressure detection alarm device reaches a set threshold;

[0007] The air film pressure relief valve is used to open upon receiving a control signal to connect the second cavity with the first cavity.

[0008] Compared with the related technologies, the constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank has the following advantages: a pressure detection alarm device is added inside the air film, and an air film pressure relief valve is added on the air film, the pressure detection alarm device is used to send a control signal to the air film pressure relief valve directly or indirectly when it detects that the difference between the pressure of the second cavity and the internal pressure of the pressure detection alarm device reaches a set threshold, and the air film pressure relief valve is used to open when receiving the control signal to connect the second cavity with the first cavity, and can quickly respond and alarm when a pressure imbalance is detected, and discharge the second working fluid gas in the second cavity into the first cavity to form an air pressure balance inside and outside the air film, thereby ensuring the safety of the air film and avoiding the air film gradually increasing to a limit and rupturing when a certain equipment fails or the tank leaks, causing the pressure inside the air film to be greater than the pressure outside the air film.

[0009] As a preference, it also includes a pressure sensor II for detecting the pressure in the second cavity; a pressure sensor III for detecting the internal pressure of the pressure detection alarm device; the pressure sensor II and the pressure sensor III are electrically connected to the pressure detection alarm device respectively. It is used to accurately detect the pressure in the second cavity and the internal pressure of the pressure detection alarm device, and can be applied to the control of the synergistic intensive mixed gas energy storage system.

[0010] As an improvement, the shell of the pressure detection alarm device is provided with micropores that connect the cavity inside the shell and the second cavity. Under normal circumstances, the internal pressure of the cavity inside the shell of the pressure detection alarm device is consistent with the pressure of the second cavity. When a certain device fails or the tank leaks, causing the pressure inside the air film to be greater than the pressure outside the air film, the air film expands and the pressure drops rapidly. Under the micropore condition, the pressure of the cavity inside the shell drops slowly, and the pressure difference between the internal pressure of the cavity inside the shell and the pressure of the second cavity will gradually increase.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by the intensive mixed gas energy storage system to solve the technical problem is: an intensive mixed gas energy storage system, including a gas storage device and a carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem and an air compression energy release subsystem connected to the gas storage device, the gas storage device is the above-mentioned constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank, the exhaust pipe and the gas storage pipe of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem are respectively connected to the gas outlet and the gas inlet of the second cavity, the second working fluid gas is carbon dioxide, the exhaust pipe and the exhaust pipe of the air compression energy release subsystem are respectively connected to the gas inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe of the first cavity, and the first working fluid gas is air.

[0012] Compared with related technologies, this intensive mixed gas energy storage system has the following advantages: it uses two compressed energy storage media, replaces carbon dioxide with air at the low-pressure end, eliminates the large carbon dioxide gas storage warehouse at the low-pressure end of traditional carbon dioxide energy storage, and replaces it with inexhaustible air. It is also directly discharged into the atmosphere during the energy release stage, which greatly reduces the equipment cost and medium cost of the low-pressure gas storage end; an underground constant-pressure diaphragm air tank is used at the medium-pressure gas storage end, and the alternation of air and carbon dioxide energy storage media is completed through the contraction / expansion of the air film, achieving the pressure stabilization effect in the two stages of energy storage and energy release; its gas storage device is the above-mentioned constant-pressure diaphragm air tank, and the pressure detection alarm added in the air film The air film pressure relief valve added to the alarm device and the air film directly or indirectly sends a control signal to the air film pressure relief valve when it is detected that the difference between the pressure of the second cavity and the internal pressure of the pressure detection alarm device reaches a set threshold value. The air film pressure relief valve is used to open when receiving the control signal to connect the second cavity with the first cavity. It can quickly respond and alarm when a pressure imbalance is detected, and discharge the second working fluid gas in the second cavity into the first cavity to form an air pressure balance inside and outside the air film, thereby ensuring the safety of the air film and avoiding the situation where the pressure inside the air film is greater than the pressure outside the air film due to a failure of a certain equipment or a leakage of the tank, and the air film gradually increases to a limit and ruptures, causing further losses.

[0013] Preferably, the energy storage component of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem includes the second cavity and the carbon dioxide compressor, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the carbon dioxide storage tank; the energy release component of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem includes the carbon dioxide storage tank, the throttling pressure reducing valve, the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger and the carbon dioxide turbine and the second cavity; the heat exchange component of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem includes a hot end water storage tank, a cold end water storage tank, a heat storage tank, a cold storage tank and a heat pump; the first heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger respectively exchange heat with the hot end water storage tank and the cold end water storage tank, and the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger respectively exchange heat with the heat storage tank, the cold storage tank and the heat pump.

[0014] Preferably, the compression component of the air compression energy release subsystem includes a first-stage air compressor, a fifth heat exchanger, a second-stage air compressor, a sixth heat exchanger and the first cavity; the energy release component of the air compression energy release subsystem includes the first cavity and the seventh heat exchanger, a first-stage air turbine, an eighth heat exchanger and a second-stage air turbine; the fifth heat exchanger, the sixth heat exchanger, the seventh heat exchanger and the eighth heat exchanger respectively exchange heat with the hot-end water storage tank and the cold-end water storage tank.

[0015] Preferably, the gas storage pressure of the constant pressure diaphragm air tank is 1.5Mpa and is buried underground. Burying the constant pressure diaphragm air tank underground not only increases the pressure resistance of the constant pressure diaphragm air tank, but also greatly reduces the land use cost.

[0016] The technical solution adopted by the energy storage method to solve the technical problem is: an energy storage method, using the above-mentioned intensive mixed gas energy storage system to store energy, including the following process:

[0017] Energy storage stage: During the low-peak period of electricity consumption at night, the 1.5Mpa medium-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide in the second chamber of the underground constant-pressure diaphragm air pressure tank is compressed by a carbon dioxide compressor to form 7.2Mpa 196℃ high-pressure and high-temperature gaseous carbon dioxide. The 7.2Mpa 196℃ high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide is cooled to 50℃ by the first heat exchanger, and the heat energy is stored in the hot end water storage tank. The 7.2Mpa 50℃ gaseous carbon dioxide is cooled and liquefied by the second heat exchanger to form 7.2Mpa30℃ liquid carbon dioxide and stored in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; at the same time, the first-stage air compressor and the second-stage air compressor compress the air in the atmosphere, and the heat generated in the air compression process is cooled by the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger, and the heat is stored in the hot end water storage tank to form 1.5Mpa The 45°C air is stored in the first cavity of the underground constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank, and the pressure values ​​of the pressure sensor I, the pressure sensor II and the pressure sensor III are all kept at 1.5 MPa; the pressure sensor I is arranged in the first cavity to detect the pressure in the first cavity;

[0018] Energy release stage: During the peak period of electricity consumption during the day, the 7.2Mpa 30℃ liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank is depressurized and gasified through the throttling pressure reducing valve and the third heat exchanger to form 7.2Mpa 35℃ gaseous carbon dioxide. The 7.2Mpa 35℃ gaseous carbon dioxide then passes through the fourth heat exchanger and is heated to 188℃ using the heat in the hot end water tank. The cold energy is stored in the cold end water tank at the same time. 188℃ gaseous carbon dioxide is used to generate electricity through a carbon dioxide turbine, and finally forms 1.5Mpa gaseous carbon dioxide and returns to the second chamber of the underground constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank; at the same time, the pressure values ​​of pressure sensor Ⅰ, pressure sensor Ⅱ and pressure sensor Ⅲ are all maintained at 1.5Mpa, and the 1.5Mpa air in the first chamber is heated up by the seventh heat exchanger and then generated by the first-stage air turbine to generate electricity, and then heated up by the eighth heat exchanger and then generated by the second-stage air turbine to generate electricity. The generated cold energy is stored in the cold end water storage tank, and the normal pressure air after energy release is directly discharged into the atmosphere.

[0019] Compared with related technologies, this energy storage method has the following advantages: it adopts two kinds of compressed energy storage media, replaces carbon dioxide with air at the low-pressure end, eliminates the large carbon dioxide gas storage warehouse at the low-pressure end of traditional carbon dioxide energy storage, and replaces it with inexhaustible air, which is also directly discharged into the atmosphere during the energy release stage, greatly reducing the equipment cost and medium cost of the low-pressure gas storage end; an underground constant-pressure diaphragm air pressure tank is used at the medium-pressure gas storage end, and the alternation of the two energy storage media of air and carbon dioxide is completed through the contraction / expansion of the air film, so as to achieve the pressure stabilization effect in the two stages of energy storage and energy release; its gas storage device is the above-mentioned constant-pressure diaphragm air pressure tank, and the pressure detection alarm device and The air film pressure relief valve added to the air film directly or indirectly sends a control signal to the air film pressure relief valve when it detects that the difference between the pressure of the second cavity and the internal pressure of the pressure detection alarm device reaches a set threshold value. The air film pressure relief valve is used to open when receiving the control signal to connect the second cavity with the first cavity. It can quickly respond and alarm when pressure imbalance is detected, and discharge the second working fluid gas in the second cavity into the first cavity to form an air pressure balance inside and outside the air film, ensuring the safety of the air film and avoiding the situation where the pressure inside the air film is greater than the pressure outside the air film due to a failure of a certain equipment or a leakage of the tank, causing the air film to gradually increase to the limit and rupture, causing further losses.

[0020] Preferably, the temperature of the air cooled by the fifth heat exchanger is also 45°C.

[0021] Preferably, the temperature of the air after being heated by the seventh heat exchanger and the temperature of the air after being heated by the eighth heat exchanger are both 188°C. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a connection diagram of the intensive mixed gas energy storage system of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of a part inside the constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] First, those skilled in the art should understand that these implementations are only used to explain the technical principles of the embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments to them as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0025] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] The preferred embodiment is as follows Figure 1 An intensive mixed gas energy storage system shown includes a gas storage device and a carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem and an air compression energy release subsystem connected to the gas storage device, wherein the gas storage device is a constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank.

[0027] In this embodiment, the constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank includes a metal tank body, a flexible air film is arranged in the tank body, the first cavity in the tank body is used to store the first working fluid gas, the tank body is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet of the first cavity, the second cavity in the air film is used to store the second working fluid gas, the air film is connected with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe of the second cavity passing through the tank body, a pressure detection alarm device is arranged in the air film, and an air film pressure relief valve is connected to the air film; the pressure detection alarm device is used to directly send a control signal to the air film pressure relief valve when the difference between the pressure of the second cavity and the internal pressure of the pressure detection alarm device reaches a set threshold; the air film pressure relief valve is used to open when receiving the control signal to connect the second cavity with the first cavity. The exhaust pipe and the gas storage pipe of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem are respectively connected to the air outlet and the air inlet of the second cavity, and the second working fluid gas is carbon dioxide, and the exhaust pipe and the exhaust pipe of the air compression energy release subsystem are respectively connected to the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the first cavity, and the first working fluid gas is air. In the process of the gas film increasing, the metal tank and the gas film are very large, making the whole process difficult to detect. Therefore, in order to ensure that the pressure change can be accurately and quickly detected when the gas film undergoes abnormal changes, the present invention adds a pressure detection alarm device to the gas film to ensure the safety and stability of the intensive mixed gas energy storage system. Here, a controller can also be set. When the pressure detection alarm device detects that the difference between the pressure of the second cavity and the internal pressure of the pressure detection alarm device reaches a set threshold, the controller sends an alarm signal to the controller, and the controller sends a control signal to the gas film pressure relief valve. The controller controls the intensive mixed gas energy storage system to stop running to avoid further losses, that is, the pressure detection alarm device indirectly sends a control signal to the gas film pressure relief valve.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, it specifically includes a pressure sensor I arranged at the A monitoring point in the first cavity, which is used to detect the pressure in the first cavity (area A); a pressure sensor II arranged at the B monitoring point in the second cavity, which is used to detect the pressure in the second cavity (area B); a pressure sensor III arranged at the C monitoring point in the shell of the pressure detection alarm device, which is used to detect the internal pressure of the cavity (area C) in the shell of the pressure detection alarm device; the pressure sensor II and the pressure sensor III are electrically connected to the pressure detection alarm device respectively. The shell of the pressure detection alarm device is provided with a microhole connecting the cavity in the shell and the second cavity. The pressure sensor I is electrically connected to the controller.

[0029] The energy storage component of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem includes the second cavity and the carbon dioxide compressor, the first heat exchanger (heat exchanger 1), the second heat exchanger (heat exchanger 2) and the carbon dioxide storage tank; the energy release component of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem includes the carbon dioxide storage tank, the throttling pressure reducing valve, the third heat exchanger (heat exchanger 3), the fourth heat exchanger (heat exchanger 4) and the carbon dioxide turbine and the second cavity; the heat exchange component of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem includes the hot end water storage tank (indicated by the hot end (water) 194°C in the figure), the cold end water storage tank (indicated by the cold end (water) 40°C in the figure), the heat storage tank, the cold storage tank and the heat pump; the first heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger respectively exchange heat with the hot end water storage tank and the cold end water storage tank, and the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger respectively exchange heat with the heat storage tank, the cold storage tank and the heat pump. Among them, the turbine is also called a turbine expansion generator, the same below.

[0030] The compression components of the air compression energy release subsystem include a first-stage air compressor, a fifth heat exchanger (heat exchanger 5), a second-stage air compressor and a sixth heat exchanger (heat exchanger 6) and the first cavity; the energy release components of the air compression energy release subsystem include the first cavity and a seventh heat exchanger (heat exchanger 7), a first-stage air turbine, an eighth heat exchanger (heat exchanger 8) and a second-stage air turbine; the fifth heat exchanger, the sixth heat exchanger, the seventh heat exchanger and the eighth heat exchanger respectively exchange heat with the hot end water storage tank and the cold end water storage tank.

[0031] As an improvement, the gas storage pressure of the constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank is 1.5 MPa, and it is buried underground, using the underground pressure to offset part of the expansion pressure of the constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank.

[0032] The energy storage method using the above-mentioned intensive mixed gas energy storage system for energy storage specifically includes the following process:

[0033] Energy storage stage: During the low-peak period of electricity consumption at night, the 1.5Mpa medium-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide in the second chamber of the underground constant-pressure diaphragm air pressure tank is compressed by the carbon dioxide compressor to form 7.2Mpa 196℃ high-pressure and high-temperature gaseous carbon dioxide. The 7.2Mpa 196℃ high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide is cooled to 50℃ by the first heat exchanger, and the heat energy is stored in the hot end water storage tank. The 7.2Mpa 50℃ gaseous carbon dioxide is cooled and liquefied by the second heat exchanger to form 7.2Mpa30℃ liquid carbon dioxide and stored in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; at the same time, when the gaseous carbon dioxide in the second chamber gradually decreases, in order to maintain a stable output pressure of 1.5Mpa of carbon dioxide, the pressure values ​​of pressure sensor I, pressure sensor II and pressure sensor III are all kept at 1.5Mpa, and the first-stage air compressor and the second-stage air compressor begin to compress the air in the atmosphere. The heat generated during the air compression process is cooled by the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger, and the heat is stored in the hot end water storage tank to form 1.5Mpa The 45°C air is stored in the first chamber of a constant pressure diaphragm air tank underground.

[0034] Energy release stage: During the peak period of electricity consumption during the day, the 7.2Mpa 30℃ liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank is depressurized and gasified through the throttling pressure reducing valve and the third heat exchanger to form 7.2Mpa 35℃ gaseous carbon dioxide. The 7.2Mpa 35℃ gaseous carbon dioxide then passes through the fourth heat exchanger and is heated to 188℃ using the heat in the hot end water storage tank. The cold energy is stored in the cold end water storage tank at the same time. 188℃ gaseous carbon dioxide is used to generate electricity through a carbon dioxide turbine, and finally forms 1.5Mpa gaseous carbon dioxide and returns to the second chamber of the underground constant pressure diaphragm pressure tank; at the same time, in order to maintain a stable pressure of carbon dioxide in the second chamber, it is necessary to discharge the air in the first chamber of the constant pressure diaphragm pressure tank, and keep the pressure values ​​of pressure sensor Ⅰ, pressure sensor Ⅱ and pressure sensor Ⅲ at 1.5Mpa. The 1.5Mpa air in the first chamber is heated to 188℃ through the seventh heat exchanger and then generated electricity by the first-stage air turbine. It is then heated to 188℃ again through the eighth heat exchanger and then generated electricity by the second-stage air turbine. The generated cold energy is stored in the cold end water storage tank, and the normal pressure 0.1Mpa 56℃ air after energy release is directly discharged into the atmosphere.

[0035] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank, comprising a tank body, an air film is arranged in the tank body, a first cavity in the tank body is used to store a first working gas, an air inlet and an air outlet of the first cavity are arranged on the tank body, a second cavity in the air film is used to store a second working gas, and an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe of the second cavity passing through the tank body are connected to the air film, characterized in that: A pressure detection alarm device is provided inside the air film, and an air film pressure relief valve is connected to the air film; The pressure detection alarm device is used to directly or indirectly send a control signal to the air film pressure relief valve when it is detected that the difference between the pressure of the second cavity and the internal pressure of the pressure detection alarm device reaches a set threshold; The air film pressure relief valve is used to open upon receiving a control signal to connect the second cavity with the first cavity, discharge the second working fluid gas in the second cavity into the first cavity, and form an air pressure balance inside and outside the air film; It also includes a pressure sensor II for detecting the pressure in the second cavity; a pressure sensor III for detecting the internal pressure of the pressure detection alarm device; the pressure sensor II and the pressure sensor III are electrically connected to the pressure detection alarm device respectively; The shell of the pressure detection alarm device is provided with a micro hole connecting the cavity inside the shell and the second cavity.

2. An intensive mixed gas energy storage system, comprising a gas storage device and a carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem and an air compression energy release subsystem connected to the gas storage device, characterized in that: The gas storage device is the constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank as described in claim 1, the exhaust pipe and the gas storage pipe of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem are respectively connected to the gas outlet and the gas inlet of the second cavity, the second working fluid gas is carbon dioxide, the exhaust pipe and the exhaust pipe of the air compression energy release subsystem are respectively connected to the gas inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe of the first cavity, and the first working fluid gas is air.

3. The intensive mixed gas energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage component of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem includes the second cavity and the carbon dioxide compressor, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the carbon dioxide storage tank; the energy release component of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem includes the carbon dioxide storage tank, the throttling pressure reducing valve, the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger and the carbon dioxide turbine and the second cavity; the heat exchange component of the carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem includes a hot end water storage tank, a cold end water storage tank, a heat storage tank, a cold storage tank and a heat pump; the first heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger respectively exchange heat with the hot end water storage tank and the cold end water storage tank, and the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger respectively exchange heat with the heat storage tank, the cold storage tank and the heat pump.

4. The intensive mixed gas energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The compression components of the air compression energy release subsystem include a first-stage air compressor, a fifth heat exchanger, a second-stage air compressor, a sixth heat exchanger and the first cavity; the energy release components of the air compression energy release subsystem include the first cavity and the seventh heat exchanger, a first-stage air turbine, an eighth heat exchanger and a second-stage air turbine; the fifth heat exchanger, the sixth heat exchanger, the seventh heat exchanger and the eighth heat exchanger respectively exchange heat with the hot-end water storage tank and the cold-end water storage tank.

5. The intensive mixed gas energy storage system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The constant pressure diaphragm air tank has a gas storage pressure of 1.5 MPa and is buried underground.

6. An energy storage method, characterized in that: Using the intensive mixed gas energy storage system as claimed in claim 5 to store energy, The process includes: Energy storage stage: During the low-peak period of electricity consumption at night, the 1.5Mpa medium-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide in the second chamber of the underground constant-pressure diaphragm air pressure tank is compressed by a carbon dioxide compressor to form 7.2Mpa 196℃ high-pressure and high-temperature gaseous carbon dioxide. The 7.2Mpa 196℃ high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide is cooled to 50℃ by the first heat exchanger, and the heat energy is stored in the hot end water storage tank. The 7.2Mpa 50℃ gaseous carbon dioxide is cooled and liquefied by the second heat exchanger to form 7.2Mpa 30℃ liquid carbon dioxide and stored in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; At the same time, the first-stage air compressor and the second-stage air compressor compress the air in the atmosphere, and the heat generated in the air compression process is cooled by the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger, and the heat is stored in the hot end water storage tank to form 1.5Mpa 45℃ air stored in the first cavity of the underground constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank, and the pressure values ​​of the pressure sensor I, the pressure sensor II and the pressure sensor III are all kept at 1.5Mpa; the pressure sensor I is arranged in the first cavity to detect the pressure in the first cavity; Energy release stage: During the peak period of electricity consumption during the day, the 7.2Mpa 30℃ liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank is depressurized and gasified through the throttling pressure reducing valve and the third heat exchanger to form 7.2Mpa 35℃ gaseous carbon dioxide. The 7.2Mpa 35℃ gaseous carbon dioxide then passes through the fourth heat exchanger and is heated to 188℃ using the heat in the hot end water tank. The cold energy is stored in the cold end water tank at the same time. 188℃ gaseous carbon dioxide is used to generate electricity through a carbon dioxide turbine, and finally forms 1.5Mpa gaseous carbon dioxide and returns to the second chamber of the underground constant pressure diaphragm air pressure tank; at the same time, the pressure values ​​of pressure sensor Ⅰ, pressure sensor Ⅱ and pressure sensor Ⅲ are all maintained at 1.5Mpa, and the 1.5Mpa air in the first chamber is heated up by the seventh heat exchanger and then generated by the first-stage air turbine to generate electricity, and then heated up by the eighth heat exchanger and then generated by the second-stage air turbine to generate electricity. The generated cold energy is stored in the cold end water storage tank, and the normal pressure air after energy release is directly discharged into the atmosphere.

7. The energy storage method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature of the air after passing through the fifth heat exchanger is also 45°C.

8. The energy storage method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature of the air after being heated by the seventh heat exchanger and the temperature of the air after being heated by the eighth heat exchanger are both 188°C.

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