A device for sorting fragments of dismantled waste household appliances
The device addresses the issue of iron filings contaminating foam fragments by using a screw conveyor and magnetic separation to separate and protect equipment, ensuring efficient and reliable sorting of waste appliance fragments.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411411930.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-11
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-10-11
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for sorting fragments of dismantled waste household appliances face issues with iron filings being inserted into foam fragments due to conveyor vibrations, leading to equipment damage and malfunction during the recycling process.
A device using a screw conveyor and magnetic separation system to separate foam and iron filings, employing electromagnets to control the movement of a sliding baffle to manage discharge ports and ensure proper sorting, preventing iron filings from contaminating the foam and protecting equipment.
Prevents iron filings from mixing with foam fragments, reducing equipment damage and ensuring smooth operation by effectively separating and conveying materials, thereby enhancing the efficiency and reliability of the recycling process.
Smart Images
Figure CN118927458B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of material conveying and transmission, and in particular relates to a device for sorting fragments of disassembled waste household appliances. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology and the improvement of economic level, the speed of electronic product replacement is accelerating, and the number of waste home appliances is also increasing year by year. These waste home appliances contain many valuable resources, such as glass, plastic, metal, etc. At the same time, some refrigeration equipment such as refrigerators, their refrigerants will pollute the environment, so it is necessary to manually dismantle the refrigeration system, and then put the remaining part into the crusher to crush it into small pieces, and then convey it to the subsequent air sorting machine, magnetic sorting machine and other sorting equipment through the conveyor, so as to facilitate the transportation and recycling of different materials in the fragments.
[0003] After the existing refrigerator is crushed, its fragments contain foam fragments, iron fragments, plastic fragments, etc. When the crushed fragments are transported and sorted, an air sorter is first used to sort the foam fragments from the mixed fragments. When the refrigerator is crushed, the iron, steel and other parts inside it will be crushed into fragments of different sizes, and as the crushing roller rotates, some smaller iron filings will be inserted into the foam fragments. At the same time, in the existing process of conveying and sorting the fragments of dismantled waste household appliances, belt conveyors are usually used for transportation. The vibration generated by the belt conveyor during transportation will also cause the above-mentioned iron filings to be inserted into the foam fragments. Due to their small size, these iron filings will be sorted into the foam collection container by the air sorter along with the embedded foam fragments during air sorting. The foam is usually recycled by using a granulator to melt the foam and then extrude it into shape. During the extrusion of the iron filings in the granulator, the screw and mold of the extruder will be scratched. At the same time, the iron filings are easily stuck in the rotating parts of the equipment, resulting in poor operation or even shutdown of the equipment, thereby causing damage to the equipment. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for sorting fragments of disassembled waste household appliances to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for sorting fragments of disassembled waste household appliances, comprising a housing, a feed hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the housing, a conveying winch is rotatably installed inside the housing, a driving motor is fixedly installed on the side of the housing, and its output shaft is connected to the conveying winch, a first discharge port is opened on the bottom surface of the housing, and an upper outlet is opened on the top surface of the housing, and further comprising:
[0006] A conveying and separation structure, the conveying and separation structure includes a conveying shell fixedly connected to the top surface of the casing, the conveying shell is located above the upper outlet, the inner side surface of the conveying shell away from the feed hopper is fixedly connected with a guide oblique block, the guide oblique block is fixedly connected to one end of the conveying shell lower than the other end, the inner side surface of the conveying shell close to the feed hopper is provided with a plurality of side air outlets, the side surface of the conveying shell is fixedly connected with a plurality of converging fans, the inner side surface of the conveying shell fixedly connected to the guide oblique block is provided with a second discharge port, the bottom surface of the second discharge port is coextensive with the top surface of the guide oblique block plane, when the collecting fan is started, the material is blown by the collecting fan to the inner side of the guide bevel fixedly connected to the conveying shell, the top surface of the shell is fixedly connected to a symmetrical bracket, the opposite sides of the bracket are provided with a first slide groove, a sliding baffle is slidably connected in the first slide groove, the top surface of the sliding baffle is provided with a first inclined surface, the top surface of the shell is fixedly connected to a feeding slope, when the sliding baffle is located at the bottom of the stroke, the feeding slope on its top surface is in the same plane with the guide bevel and the feeding slope, and the top of the conveying shell is connected to the air sorter.
[0007] Preferably, the top surfaces of the two brackets are fixedly connected with a magnetic conductive frame, the top surface of the magnetic conductive frame is fixedly connected with a first electromagnet, the top of the housing is fixedly connected with a second electromagnet, and the second electromagnet is located at the lowest end of the travel of the sliding baffle.
[0008] Preferably, a second slide groove is further provided inside the bracket, the second slide groove is communicated with the first slide groove, first racks are fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding baffle, a rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the two brackets, both ends of the rotating shaft are located inside the second slide grooves in the two brackets, and first gears are fixedly sleeved on both ends of the rotating shaft, and the first gear and the first rack are meshed with each other.
[0009] Preferably, a sliding column is fixedly connected inside the first slide groove, both ends of the sliding baffle are slidably sleeved on the sliding columns corresponding to the first slide groove, and a first spring is elastically connected between the bottom surface of the sliding baffle and the inner bottom surface of the first slide groove.
[0010] Preferably, the sliding baffle is located on the top surface of the first sliding groove and is fixedly connected with a symmetrical magnet block. When the sliding baffle is at the uppermost end of its stroke, the top surface of the magnet block is adsorbed onto the bottom surface of the magnetic conductive frame.
[0011] Preferably, when the sliding baffle is at the lowest end of its stroke, the bottom surface of the sliding baffle and the top surface of the second electromagnet are in contact and adsorbed with each other, and when the sliding baffle and the second electromagnet are adsorbed, the first spring is compressed, and when the sliding baffle and the first electromagnet are adsorbed, the first spring is stretched.
[0012] Preferably, the switching states of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are opposite, the magnetic force of the first electromagnet is greater than that of the second electromagnet, when the first electromagnet is turned on, the magnetic frame is magnetized, and the second discharge port is closed by the sliding baffle, and when the second electromagnet is turned on, the second discharge port is no longer closed by the sliding baffle, and the material leaves the conveying shell from the second discharge port.
[0013] Preferably, a filter is fixedly connected to one end of the collecting fan facing the side air outlet, and the filter prevents materials from flying out of the side air outlet.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0015] 1. In the present invention, the traditional belt conveyor is replaced with a screw conveyor to prevent the material from jumping on the belt conveyor during transportation, causing the foam to jump on the belt conveyor, so that the foam is separated from the belt conveyor, and the site where the belt conveyor is located needs to be cleaned. At the same time, when the foam accidentally enters the interior of the belt conveyor, it is easy to cause the belt conveyor to malfunction, causing the belt to slip or be damaged, and may even cause rolling damage, thereby causing the belt conveyor to stop. When using a screw conveyor, during the transportation process, by starting the air sorter, the air flow enters from the feed hopper. At this time, the air flow will drive the foam in the crushed material to move quickly, preventing the iron filings in the crushed material from being inserted into the foam fragments during transportation, and preventing the iron filings from causing harm to the subsequent granulation work.
[0016] 2. Secondly, the present invention provides a magnetic frame and a first electromagnet. When the air sorter is working, the first electromagnet is started to magnetize the magnetic frame, thereby causing the magnetic frame to attract the magnet block, driving the sliding baffle to move upward. When the magnet block and the magnetic frame are attracted, the sliding baffle closes the second discharge port to prevent the foam material from leaving there. At the same time, when air sorting is performed, the collecting fan is turned on to input airflow into the conveying shell. At this time, the foam fragments sucked up by the air sorter in the conveying shell will move toward the inner side of the fixed guide bevel of the conveying shell, that is, move in the direction of the magnetic frame. When the foam fragments approach the magnetic frame, the magnetic field provided by the magnetic frame and the first electromagnet will cause the foam containing iron filings inside to be adsorbed on the inner wall of the conveying shell, thereby preventing the foam containing iron filings from being sorted into the foam pile by the air sorter, causing the iron filings to damage the screw and mold of the granulator during subsequent granulation.
[0017] 3. Again, after the air sorting is completed, the air sorter is turned off. At this time, the first electromagnet is controlled to be turned off, and the magnetic frame loses its magnetism, so that the foam containing iron filings adsorbed on the inner wall of the conveying shell falls on the guide bevel. At the same time, when the first electromagnet is turned off, the second electromagnet is turned on, and the sliding baffle is pulled downward by the first spring and is attracted to the top surface of the second electromagnet, so that the sliding baffle is fixed again. At this time, the first inclined surface on the top surface of the sliding baffle, the feeding slope and the guide bevel together form a conveying plane, so that the foam containing iron filings leaves the conveying shell from this feeding plane to prevent it from being mixed with other fragments again, resulting in poor separation results.
[0018] 4. Finally, by setting the first rack, the first gear and the rotating shaft, when the sliding baffle moves up and down, the first racks on both sides are meshed with the first gear, and the two first gears rotate coaxially through the set rotating shaft to prevent the sliding baffle from being stuck due to the different heights at both ends of the sliding baffle when the sliding baffle is driven by the first spring to slide up and down, causing the equipment to fail to work normally. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the casing of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the conveying and separating mechanism of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the conveying and separating mechanism of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the conveying and separating mechanism of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the conveying housing of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding baffle structure of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the bracket of the present invention.
[0027] In the figure: 1, casing; 2, feed hopper; 3, conveying winch; 4, driving motor; 5, first discharge port; 6, upper outlet; 7, conveying separation structure; 71, conveying casing; 72, guide bevel block; 73, side air outlet; 74, second discharge port; 75, bracket; 76, first slide slot; 77, sliding baffle; 78, sliding column; 79, first spring; 710, feeding slope; 711, magnetic guide frame; 712, first electromagnet; 713, second electromagnet; 714, collecting fan; 715, magnet block; 716, first inclined plane; 717, filter screen; 718, second slide slot; 719, first rack; 720, first gear; 721, rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a device for sorting fragments of disassembled waste household appliances, comprising a housing 1, a feed hopper 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the housing 1, a conveying winch 3 is rotatably installed inside the housing 1, a driving motor 4 is fixedly installed on the side of the housing 1, and its output shaft is connected to the conveying winch 3, a first discharge port 5 is opened on the bottom surface of the housing 1, and an upper outlet 6 is opened on the top surface of the housing 1, and further comprising:
[0030] The conveying and separation structure 7 includes a conveying shell 71 fixedly connected to the top surface of the casing 1, the conveying shell 71 is located above the upper outlet 6, the inner side surface of the conveying shell 71 away from the feed hopper 2 is fixedly connected with a guide bevel 72, the guide bevel 72 is fixedly connected to one end of the conveying shell 71 lower than the other end, the inner side surface of the conveying shell 71 close to the feed hopper 2 is provided with a plurality of side air outlets 73, the side surface of the conveying shell 71 is fixedly connected with a plurality of converging fans 714, the inner side surface of the conveying shell 71 fixedly connected to the guide bevel 72 is provided with a second discharge port 74, the bottom surface of the second discharge port 74 is coplanar with the top surface of the guide bevel 72, when When the collecting fan 714 is started, the material is blown by the collecting fan 714 toward the inner side of the conveying shell 71 fixedly connected to the guide bevel block 72, the top surface of the casing 1 is fixedly connected to a symmetrical bracket 75, the opposite sides of the bracket 75 are provided with a first slide groove 76, a sliding baffle 77 is slidably connected in the first slide groove 76, the top surface of the sliding baffle 77 is provided with a first inclined surface 716, the top surface of the casing 1 is fixedly connected to a feeding slope 710, when the sliding baffle 77 is located at the bottom of the stroke, the feeding slope 710 on its top surface is in the same plane with the guide bevel block 72 and the feeding slope 710, and the top of the conveying shell 71 is connected to the air sorter.
[0031] In the present invention, the traditional belt conveyor is replaced with a screw conveyor to prevent the material from jumping on the belt conveyor during transportation, causing the foam to jump on the belt conveyor, causing the foam to detach from the belt conveyor, and requiring the site where the belt conveyor is located to be cleaned. At the same time, when the foam accidentally enters the interior of the belt conveyor, it is easy to cause the belt conveyor to malfunction, causing the belt to slip or be damaged, and may even cause rolling damage, thereby causing the belt conveyor to stop. When using a screw conveyor, during the transportation process, by starting the air sorter, the air flow enters from the feed hopper 2. At this time, the air flow will drive the foam in the crushed material to move quickly, preventing the iron filings in the crushed material from being inserted into the foam fragments during transportation, and preventing the iron filings from causing harm to the subsequent granulation work.
[0032] Secondly, the present invention provides a magnetic frame 711 and a first electromagnet 712. When the air separator is working, the first electromagnet 712 is activated to magnetize the magnetic frame 711, and then the magnetic frame 711 attracts the magnet block 715, driving the sliding baffle 77 to move upward. When the magnet block 715 and the magnetic frame 711 are attracted, the sliding baffle 77 closes the second discharge port 74 to prevent the foam material from leaving there. At the same time, when air separation is performed, the collecting fan 714 is turned on to transport the foam material into the conveying housing 71. When the air flows in, the foam fragments sucked up by the air separator in the conveying shell 71 will move toward the inner side of the fixed guide bevel 72 of the conveying shell 71, that is, move toward the direction of the magnetic guide frame 711. When the foam fragments are close to the magnetic guide frame 711, the magnetic field provided by the magnetic guide frame 711 and the first electromagnet 712 will cause the foam containing iron filings inside to be adsorbed on the inner wall of the conveying shell 71, preventing the foam containing iron filings from being sorted into the foam pile by the air separator, causing the iron filings to damage the screw and mold of the granulator during subsequent granulation.
[0033] Again, after the air sorting is completed, the air sorter is turned off. At this time, the first electromagnet 712 is controlled to be turned off, and the magnetic frame 711 loses its magnetism, so that the foam containing iron filings adsorbed on the inner wall of the conveying shell 71 falls on the guide bevel 72. At the same time, when the first electromagnet 712 is turned off, the second electromagnet 713 is turned on, and the sliding baffle 77 is pulled downward by the first spring 79 and engages with the top surface of the second electromagnet 713, so that the sliding baffle 77 is fixed again. At this time, the first bevel 716 opened on the top surface of the sliding baffle 77, the feeding slope 710 and the guide bevel 72 together form a conveying plane, so that the foam containing iron filings leaves the conveying shell 71 from this feeding plane to prevent it from being mixed with other fragments again, resulting in poor separation results.
[0034] Finally, by setting the first rack 719, the first gear 720 and the rotating shaft 721, when the sliding baffle 77 moves up and down, the first racks 719 on both sides are meshed with the first gear 720, and at the same time, the two first gears 720 rotate coaxially through the set rotating shaft 721, to prevent the sliding baffle 77 from being stuck due to the different heights at both ends of the sliding baffle 77 when the sliding baffle 77 is driven by the first spring 79 to slide up and down, causing the equipment to fail to work normally.
[0035] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the top surfaces of the two brackets 75 are fixedly connected with a magnetic frame 711, the top surface of the magnetic frame 711 is fixedly connected with a first electromagnet 712, and the top of the housing 1 is fixedly connected with a second electromagnet 713, which is located at the lowest end of the travel of the sliding baffle 77.
[0036] The setting of the magnetic frame 711 plays the role of attracting the magnet block 715 to move upward when the first electromagnet 712 is started. At the same time, when the magnetic frame 711 is magnetized, the foam containing iron filings can be adsorbed on the inner wall of the conveying shell 71 to prevent it from entering the air sorting process along with the sorting airflow of the air sorter. At the same time, the magnetic frame 711 also plays the role of enlarging the attraction area; when the sliding baffle 77 is pulled downward by the first spring 79, it will be attracted by the second electromagnet 713 and sucked together with it, preventing the sliding baffle 77 from being unstable when it is at the lower end of its stroke, causing the foam containing iron filings to be blocked on the conveying plane and unable to be conveyed to the subsequent processing equipment.
[0037] like Figure 8 As shown, a second slide groove 718 is also opened inside the bracket 75, and the second slide groove 718 is communicated with the first slide groove 76. The first rack 719 is fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding baffle 77. The two brackets 75 are rotatably installed with a rotating shaft 721. The two ends of the rotating shaft 721 are located inside the second slide groove 718 in the two brackets 75. The two ends of the rotating shaft 721 are fixedly sleeved with a first gear 720, and the first gear 720 and the first rack 719 are meshed with each other.
[0038] By setting the first rack 719 and the first gear 720, when the sliding baffle 77 is pulled down and pushed up by the first spring 79, the heights of the two ends of the sliding connection in the first sliding groove 76 are always at the same height, preventing the sliding baffle 77 from getting stuck during the up and down sliding process, causing the structure to be unable to be used normally.
[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, a sliding column 78 is fixedly connected inside the first sliding groove 76, and both ends of the sliding baffle 77 are slidably sleeved on the sliding columns 78 in the corresponding first sliding groove 76. A first spring 79 is elastically connected between the bottom surface of the sliding baffle 77 and the inner bottom surface of the first sliding groove 76.
[0040] The sliding column 78 also ensures that the heights of both ends of the sliding baffle 77 are flush when it moves up and down in the first sliding groove 76. At the same time, the first spring 79 is mounted on the sliding column 78, so that after the sliding baffle 77 is pulled downward by the first spring 79 and engaged with the second electromagnet 713, the middle part of the first spring 79 will not be squeezed out of the first sliding groove 76 when the first spring 79 is compressed, resulting in insufficient upward thrust to allow the sliding baffle 77 to be adsorbed by the first electromagnet 712.
[0041] like Figure 7As shown, the sliding baffle 77 is located on the top surface of the first slide slot 76 and is fixedly connected with a symmetrical magnet block 715. When the sliding baffle 77 is at the uppermost end of its travel, the top surface of the magnet block 715 is adsorbed with the bottom surface of the magnetic guide frame 711. When the sliding baffle 77 is at the lowermost end of its travel, the bottom surface of the sliding baffle 77 and the top surface of the second electromagnet 713 are in contact and adsorbed with each other. When the sliding baffle 77 and the second electromagnet 713 are adsorbed, the first spring 79 is compressed. When the sliding baffle 77 and the first electromagnet 712 are adsorbed, the first spring 79 is stretched.
[0042] The arrangement of the magnet block 715 enables the magnetic frame 711 to attract the magnet block 715 upwards through the magnetic field when the sliding baffle 77 approaches the magnetic frame 711, thereby driving the sliding baffle 77 to move upwards to counteract the downward rebound force of the first spring 79. At this time, the first spring 79 is stretched, so that the sliding baffle 77 is no longer attracted by the first electromagnet 712 and can move downwards quickly and be adsorbed on the second electromagnet 713.
[0043] Among them, the switching states of the first electromagnet 712 and the second electromagnet 713 are opposite, the magnetic force of the first electromagnet 712 is greater than that of the second electromagnet 713, when the first electromagnet 712 is turned on, the magnetic frame 711 is magnetized, and the second discharge port 74 is closed by the sliding baffle 77, when the second electromagnet 713 is turned on, the second discharge port 74 is no longer closed by the sliding baffle 77, and at this time the material leaves the conveying shell 71 from the second discharge port 74.
[0044] When the first electromagnet 712 is started, the sliding baffle 77 is attracted by it and moves upward to close the second discharge port 74. At the same time, the magnetic field provided by the first electromagnet 712 and the magnetic frame 711 will adsorb the foam containing iron filings on the inner wall of the conveying shell 71. When the first electromagnet 712 is closed, the second electromagnet 713 is opened, and at the same time, the sliding baffle 77 is driven by the rebound force of the first spring 79 to move downward. When the sliding baffle 77 approaches the second electromagnet 713, it is adsorbed thereto. At this time, the first spring 79 is compressed, and at the same time, the foam containing iron filings adsorbed on the inner wall of the conveying shell 71 leaves the conveying separation structure 7 along the top surface of the guide bevel block 72, the first bevel 716 and the feeding ramp 710. At this time, the top of the feeding ramp 710 can be closed so that the airflow provided by the converging fan 714 accelerates the moving speed of the foam containing iron filings.
[0045] Among them, one end of the collecting fan 714 facing the side air outlet 73 is fixedly connected with a filter screen 717, and the filter screen 717 prevents materials from flying out of the side air outlet 73.
[0046] Working principle:
[0047] When the present invention is used to convey and sort the crushed materials of the refrigerator, the crushed pieces are fed from the feed hopper 2 into the casing 1, and then the sorting fan of the air sorter is started to provide airflow to drive the foam in the crushed material to move toward the conveying and separation structure 7. When the crushed pieces move to the conveying and separation structure 7, the heavy crushed pieces will leave the casing 1 from the first discharge port 5, and the foam will enter the conveying shell 71 from the upper outlet 6. The foam will move toward the side air outlet 73 under the guidance of the bottom surface of the guide bevel 72, and then be blown toward the top surface of the guide bevel 72 by the collecting fan 714. At the same time, when the air sorter is started, the first electromagnet 712 is opened to attract the sliding baffle 77 to move upward and close the second discharge port 74 to prevent the foam from being blown away from the conveying shell 71 by the collecting fan 714.
[0048] At this time, the foam containing iron filings will be adsorbed on the inner side of the conveying shell 71 by the magnetic field generated by the two after approaching the magnetic conductive frame 711 and the first electromagnet 712. At the same time, the airflow provided by the collecting fan 714 into the conveying shell 71 strengthens the adsorption stability of the foam containing iron filings. When the air sorting is completed, the first electromagnet 712 is controlled to be closed, and the sliding baffle 77 will move downward under the rebound action of the first spring 79. At this time, the second electromagnet 713 is opened, and the sliding baffle 77 is adsorbed on the second electromagnet 713 after moving downward, and the second discharge port 74 is no longer closed. When the first electromagnet 712 is closed, the collecting fan 714 is controlled to be closed, and the foam containing iron filings adsorbed on the inner side of the conveying shell 71 falls. When the foam completely falls on the top surface of the guide inclined block 72 and the sliding baffle 77 moves downward to the lowest end of the stroke, the foam will leave the conveying and separation structure 7 along the top surface of the guide inclined block 72, the first inclined surface 716 and the feeding slope 710. At this time, turning on the collecting fan 714 can speed up the movement speed of the foam.
[0049] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.
[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A device for sorting fragments of disassembled waste household appliances, comprising a housing (1), a feed hopper (2) fixedly connected to the top of the housing (1), a conveying winch (3) rotatably mounted inside the housing (1), a driving motor (4) fixedly mounted on the side of the housing (1), an output shaft of which is connected to the conveying winch (3), a first discharge port (5) formed on the bottom surface of the housing (1), and an upper outlet (6) formed on the top surface of the housing (1), It is characterized in that Also includes: A conveying and separation structure (7), the conveying and separation structure (7) comprising a conveying shell (71) fixedly connected to the top surface of the casing (1), the conveying shell (71) being located above the upper outlet (6), the inner side surface of the conveying shell (71) away from the feed hopper (2) being fixedly connected to a guide bevel (72), the guide bevel (72) being fixedly connected to one end of the conveying shell (71) being lower than the other end, the inner side surface of the conveying shell (71) close to the feed hopper (2) being provided with a plurality of side air outlets (73), the side surface of the conveying shell (71) being fixedly connected to a plurality of collecting fans (714), the inner side surface of the conveying shell (71) being fixedly connected to the guide bevel (72) being provided with a second discharge port (74), the bottom surface of the second discharge port (74) being coplanar with the top surface of the guide bevel (72). plane, when the collecting fan (714) is started, the material is blown by the collecting fan (714) toward the inner side surface of the conveying shell (71) fixedly connected to the guide inclined block (72), the top surface of the casing (1) is fixedly connected to a symmetrical bracket (75), the opposite sides of the bracket (75) are each provided with a first slide groove (76), a sliding baffle (77) is slidably connected in the first slide groove (76), the top surface of the sliding baffle (77) is provided with a first inclined surface (716), the top surface of the casing (1) is fixedly connected to a feeding slope (710), when the sliding baffle (77) is located at the bottom of the stroke, the first inclined surface (716) of the top surface and the guide inclined block (72) and the feeding slope (710) are all in the same plane, and the top of the conveying shell (71) is connected to an air separator; The top surfaces of the two brackets (75) are fixedly connected to a magnetic conductive frame (711), the top surface of the magnetic conductive frame (711) is fixedly connected to a first electromagnet (712), the top of the housing (1) is fixedly connected to a second electromagnet (713), and the second electromagnet (713) is located at the lowest end of the travel of the sliding baffle (77); A second slide groove (718) is also provided inside the bracket (75), and the second slide groove (718) is communicated with the first slide groove (76). First racks (719) are fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding baffle (77). A rotating shaft (721) is rotatably mounted on the two brackets (75), and both ends of the rotating shaft (721) are located inside the second slide grooves (718) in the two brackets (75). First gears (720) are fixedly sleeved on both ends of the rotating shaft (721), and the first gear (720) and the first rack (719) are meshed with each other. A sliding column (78) is fixedly connected inside the first sliding groove (76), both ends of the sliding baffle (77) are slidably sleeved on the sliding columns (78) corresponding to the first sliding groove (76), and a first spring (79) is elastically connected between the bottom surface of the sliding baffle (77) and the inner bottom surface of the first sliding groove (76); The sliding baffle (77) is located on the top surface of the first slide groove (76) and is fixedly connected to a symmetrical magnet block (715); when the sliding baffle (77) is at the uppermost end of its travel, the top surface of the magnet block (715) is adsorbed onto the bottom surface of the magnetic conductive frame (711); When the sliding baffle (77) is at the lowest end of its travel, the bottom surface of the sliding baffle (77) and the top surface of the second electromagnet (713) contact and adsorb to each other, and when the sliding baffle (77) and the second electromagnet (713) are adsorbed, the first spring (79) is compressed, and when the sliding baffle (77) and the first electromagnet (712) are adsorbed, the first spring (79) is stretched; The switching states of the first electromagnet (712) and the second electromagnet (713) are opposite, and the magnetic force of the first electromagnet (712) is greater than that of the second electromagnet (713). When the first electromagnet (712) is turned on, the magnetic frame (711) is magnetized, and the second discharge port (74) is closed by the sliding baffle (77). When the second electromagnet (713) is turned on, the second discharge port (74) is no longer closed by the sliding baffle (77), and at this time, the material leaves the conveying housing (71) from the second discharge port (74).
2. A device for sorting fragments of dismantled waste household appliances according to claim 1, Features: A filter screen (717) is fixedly connected to one end of the collecting fan (714) facing the side air outlet (73), and the filter screen (717) prevents materials from flying out of the side air outlet (73).