Control method of sunshade in public building

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for controlling sunshades in public buildings, comprising: establishing a total energy consumption model of air conditioning and lighting that shows the relationship between the energy consumption of electromechanical equipment and sunshade control based on a digital twin model of the public building; establishing a model of the relationship between reader satisfaction and sunshade control based on indoor perceived temperature, indoor light intensity, and building surrounding environment comfort parameters: constructing an energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function based on a model of total energy consumption of air conditioning and lighting and a model of the relationship between reader satisfaction and sunshade control; formulating a sunshade control strategy based on the energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function, and improving a historical database, thereby improving the energy-saving effect of the building: reducing energy waste by actively identifying abnormal scenes and processing them in a targeted and timely manner; improving the work efficiency of maintenance personnel: reducing ineffective patrol work; and improving the management level: making scientific decisions by summarizing the collected status data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building energy-saving control, and in particular to a method for controlling a sunshade in a public building. Background Art

[0002] As the "outer coat" of the building, the control of the sunshade system directly affects the air conditioning and lighting settings. Reasonable sunshade settings can block sunlight in summer and increase sunlight in winter, reducing air conditioning load; reasonable use of natural light during the day reduces reliance on artificial lighting and reduces lighting energy consumption. At the same time, reasonable control of the amount of light entering and control of the opening and closing of the sunshade according to the scenery outside the window at different time points can also improve the comfort of readers.

[0003] At present, there are two main types of intelligent control systems for sunshades: one is to formulate strategies based on natural factors such as light, weather, and temperature through sensors, and the other is to control through preset schedules. The former takes multiple factors into consideration but lacks overall coordination, while the latter is simple to operate but cannot respond to environmental changes in real time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling sunshades in public buildings.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for controlling sunshades in public buildings, comprising:

[0006] Step 1: Build a digital twin model of public buildings based on the building operation and maintenance BIM model;

[0007] Step 2: Based on the digital twin model of the public building, a total energy consumption model of air conditioning and lighting is established with the relationship between the energy consumption of electromechanical equipment and the control of sunshades;

[0008] Step 3: Based on the indoor perceived temperature, indoor light intensity, and building surrounding environment comfort parameters, establish a relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control:

[0009] Step 4: Based on the total energy consumption model of air conditioning and lighting and the relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control, construct an energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function;

[0010] Step 5: Based on the energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function, formulate the sunshade control strategy and improve the historical database.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above method, step 1: constructing a public building digital twin model based on the building operation and maintenance BIM model, including:

[0012] Step 1.1: Build a building operation and maintenance BIM model based on the building construction data, the installation locations of sensors and sunshades in the building, and related equipment parameters. The building operation and maintenance BIM model includes: mechanical and electrical equipment parameters , sunshade parameters and geographic information parameters , Indicates the room number, Indicates room The sunshade installation position serial number inside; among them,

[0013] Mechanical and electrical equipment including air conditioning and lighting equipment, , is the spatial parameter, Set parameters for the device;

[0014] Sunshade parameters , is the sunshade size parameter, The material parameters of the sunshade;

[0015] Geographic information parameters is the latitude and longitude parameters of the building’s geographical location and the building’s floor level, It is the comfort parameter of the building surrounding environment.

[0016] Step 1.2: Integrate the real-time data of temperature, humidity and light collected by the sensor into the corresponding spatial position of the BIM model constructed in step 1.1 to form the spatial environment parameters ,in, is the spatial parameter, For temperature, humidity and light parameters, the control functions of electromechanical equipment, BIM models and spatial environment parameters H are integrated into the same system to construct a digital twin model of public buildings.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above method, step 2: based on the digital twin model of the public building, a total energy consumption model of air conditioning and lighting that shows the relationship between the energy consumption of electromechanical equipment and the control of sunshades is established, including:

[0018] Step 2.1: Based on the public building digital twin model established in step 1.1, For classification, find the relationship between air conditioning energy consumption and sunshade control;

[0019] Step 2.2: Based on the relationship between air conditioning energy consumption and sunshade control, obtain the radiation intensity relationship function;

[0020] Step 2.3: Construct an air conditioning energy consumption model based on the radiation intensity relationship function;

[0021] Step 2.4: Based on the calculation formula of the amount of light entering the room, obtain the lighting energy consumption model;

[0022] Step 2.5: Based on the air conditioning energy consumption model and the lighting energy consumption model, obtain the total energy consumption model.

[0023] Furthermore, in the above method, step 2.1: according to the public building digital twin model established in step 1.1, the spatial parameters For classification, find the relationship between air conditioning energy consumption and sunshade control, including:

[0024] In summer, the following energy consumption formula exists (1):

[0025] (1);

[0026] in, Internal heat load, including lighting, air conditioning equipment and human body heat dissipation; for the heat load transferred through the walls and ceiling; is the amount of solar heat radiation entering the room; It is the total cooling load consumed by the air conditioner to maintain the set temperature;

[0027] In winter, the energy consumption formula (2) is as follows:

[0028] (2);

[0029] in, For heat lost through walls and ceilings, is the internal heat load, is the amount of solar heat radiation entering the room, It is the total heat load consumed by the air conditioner to maintain the set temperature;

[0030] Furthermore, in the above method, step 2.2: based on the relationship between air conditioning energy consumption and sunshade curtain control, obtaining a radiation intensity relationship function includes:

[0031] The thermal radiation calculation formula is changed to:

[0032] ,

[0033] According to formula (1) or (2), we can get , It means room Sunshade inside The light transmission area, It's a room Sunshade inside The transmittance of

[0034] (3);

[0035] Among them, the room Sunshade inside The solar radiation intensity Affected by the longitude and latitude of the building's geographical location , the height of the floor , and outdoor weather conditions Influence; the longitude and latitude of the building’s geographical location , the height of the floor Obtain the corresponding values ​​from the building floors in the digital twin model established in step 1, and the outdoor weather conditions Real-time acquisition, using random forest regression method to build multiple decision trees, averaging the final results to improve the prediction performance, judging the accuracy of the regression results by the mean square error MSE and the coefficient of determination R2, and finally obtaining the corresponding functional relationship (3).

[0036] Furthermore, in the above method, step 2.3: constructing an air conditioning energy consumption model based on the radiation intensity relationship function includes:

[0037] Based on formula (3), the relationship matrix is ​​constructed:

[0038] ,

[0039] By calculating this matrix, the air conditioning energy consumption model is obtained:

[0040] .

[0041] Step 2.4: Based on the calculation formula of the amount of light entering the room, the lighting energy consumption model is obtained, including:

[0042] The formula for calculating the amount of light entering a room is:

[0043] ;

[0044] in, Enter the room The luminous flux, It's a room Sunshade inside The light intensity outside the window, It's a room Sunshade inside The light transmission area, It's a room Sunshade inside The transmittance (a value between 0 and 1) is calculated by the formula After matrix transformation, the lighting energy consumption model is finally obtained as follows;

[0045] .

[0046] Furthermore, in the above method, step 2.5: based on the air conditioning energy consumption model and the lighting energy consumption model, a total energy consumption model is obtained, including:

[0047] The total energy consumption is modeled as:

[0048] (4),

[0049] in, Indicates the influence coefficient of sunshade adjustment on lighting energy consumption; Indicates the influence coefficient of sunshade adjustment on air conditioning energy consumption.

[0050] Furthermore, in the above method, step 3: establishing a relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control based on indoor perceived temperature, indoor light intensity, and building surrounding environment comfort parameters, includes:

[0051] Step 3.1: Based on the indoor temperature , indoor light intensity , Building surrounding environment comfort parameters, build reader satisfaction relationship model:

[0052] ;

[0053] Continue to construct the matrix function relationship:

[0054] ;

[0055] By calculating the matrix function relationship, the factor affecting the reader satisfaction is finally fixed as the opening and closing time of the sunshade and sunshade opening and closing size , we get the relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control:

[0056] .

[0057] Furthermore, in the above method, step 4: based on the total energy consumption model of air conditioning and lighting and the relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control, an energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function is constructed, including:

[0058] Step 4.1: The total energy consumption model formula (4) obtained in step 2.5 and the relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control obtained in step 3.1 are: , define a comprehensive objective function, using the weighted sum method:

[0059] ，

[0060] in, and is the weight, indicating the relative importance of energy consumption and satisfaction, When the satisfaction is higher, the objective function is smaller, thus making the optimization result better. The actual decision maker determines according to his own needs. and , and finally solve the objective function The minimum value of Corresponding and , in order to obtain the final optimization function, that is, the energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function.

[0061] Furthermore, in the above method, step 5: formulating a sunshade control strategy based on the energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function and improving the historical database includes:

[0062] Step 5.1: Based on the final optimization function obtained in step 4, determine the optimal opening time of the sunshade in each area With opening size , the best opening time With opening size According to the space parameters Integrate them into the digital twin model constructed in step 1 respectively, and With opening size , specify the corresponding control strategy;

[0063] The historical records of the operation of the control strategy and the subsequent reader satisfaction data are recorded in the historical database.

[0064] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention establishes a digital twin model of a public building, combines objective factors such as light, time, weather, and subjective factors such as the building's surrounding environment and readers' comfort needs, and proposes a set of evaluation strategies to explore the balance between reducing building energy consumption and improving readers' comfort, build a more reasonable sunshade intelligent control system, improve readers' comfort, and reduce operation and maintenance energy consumption.

[0065] Specifically, the present invention can improve the energy-saving effect of buildings: reduce energy waste through active identification of abnormal scenes, targeted and timely processing; improve the work efficiency of maintenance personnel: reduce ineffective inspection work; improve management level: make scientific decisions through statistical summary of collected status data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of a method for controlling sunshades in a public building according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0068] In a typical configuration of the present application, the terminal, the device of the service network and the trusted party all include one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces and memories.

[0069] Memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, in the form of random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0070] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include non-transitory media such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for controlling sunshades in a public building, the method comprising:

[0072] Step 1: Build a digital twin model of public buildings based on the building operation and maintenance BIM model;

[0073] Step 1.1: Build a building operation and maintenance BIM model based on the building construction data, the installation locations of sensors and sunshades in the building, and related equipment parameters. The building operation and maintenance BIM model includes: mechanical and electrical equipment parameters , sunshade parameters and geographic information parameters , Indicates the room number, Indicates room The sunshade installation position serial number inside; among them,

[0074] Mechanical and electrical equipment including air conditioning and lighting equipment, , is the spatial parameter, Set parameters for the device;

[0075] Sunshade parameters , is the spatial parameter, is the sunshade size parameter, The material parameters of the sunshade;

[0076] Geographic information parameters is the latitude and longitude parameters of the building’s geographical location and the building’s floor level, is the comfort parameter of the building surrounding environment;

[0077] The space parameters include space area, space building materials, etc., which are parameters that affect space energy consumption; the building surrounding environment includes the environmental conditions around the building. If there is a park around, the comfort parameter value is higher; if there is wasteland around, the comfort parameter value is lower;

[0078] Here, for large public buildings, there may be large spaces such as reading halls. The sunshade system corresponding to this type of space is also relatively complex. Often, there are dozens of large sunshades corresponding to one space. It is no longer reasonable to control these sunshades as a whole. Therefore, a refined relationship model between sunshades and spaces is constructed for large spaces. ;

[0079] Step 1.2: Integrate the real-time data of temperature, humidity and light collected by the sensor into the corresponding spatial position of the BIM model constructed in step 1.1 to form the spatial environment parameters ,in, is the spatial parameter, For temperature, humidity and light parameters, the control functions of electromechanical equipment, BIM models and spatial environment parameters H are integrated into the same system to construct a digital twin model of public buildings.

[0080] Step 2: Based on the digital twin model of the public building, a total energy consumption model of air conditioning and lighting is established with the relationship between the energy consumption of electromechanical equipment and the control of sunshades;

[0081] Step 2.1: Based on the public building digital twin model established in step 1, For classification, find the relationship between air conditioning energy consumption and sunshade control. For the specified space parameters In order to achieve the set temperature conditions, the total indoor heat load that needs to be maintained is fixed.

[0082] In summer, the air conditioner needs to cool, so the energy consumed is used to remove indoor heat, so there is the following energy consumption formula (1):

[0083] (1);

[0084] in, Internal heat load, including lighting, air conditioning equipment and human body heat dissipation; for the heat load transferred through the walls and ceiling; is the amount of solar heat radiation entering the room; It is the total cooling load consumed by the air conditioner to maintain the set temperature.

[0085] In winter, the air conditioner needs to heat the room, so the energy consumed is used to replenish the heat loss in the room. Therefore, the energy consumption formula (2) for calculating the energy consumption in winter is as follows:

[0086] (2);

[0087] in, For heat lost through walls and ceilings, is the internal heat load, is the amount of solar heat radiation entering the room, It is the total heat load consumed by the air conditioner to maintain the set temperature.

[0088] From the above formulas (1) and (2), it can be concluded that reducing the solar heat radiation entering the room in summer and increasing the heat radiation in winter can effectively reduce the total load of the air conditioner, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of electromechanical equipment.

[0089] Step 2.2: Based on the relationship between air conditioning energy consumption and sunshade control, obtain the radiation intensity relationship function;

[0090] Specifically, the heat radiation entering the room can be calculated using the following formula:

[0091] ;

[0092] Where I is the solar radiation intensity, A is the light-transmitting area of ​​the corresponding space, and G is the transmittance. The amount of solar heat radiation entering the room can be obtained according to formula (1) or (2): , the solar radiation intensity I is known.

[0093] Better yet, when the space is large, it is necessary to analyze the size of each sunshade opening and closing in detail. The parameters of the space The thermal radiation calculation formula is changed to:

[0094] ;

[0095] According to formula (1) or (2), we can get the room entry The amount of solar heat radiation , Indicates room Sunshade inside The solar radiation intensity, It means room Sunshade inside The light transmission area, It's a room Sunshade inside Transmittance of room Sunshade inside The solar radiation intensity Affected by the longitude and latitude of the building's geographical location , the height of the floor , and outdoor weather conditions Influence. Latitude determines the solar altitude angle and sunshine duration, while longitude affects the sunrise and sunset time of the location; in terms of floor height, higher floors are often less blocked (blocked before sunlight enters the room), so they will receive more thermal radiation; outdoor weather conditions include air quality and weather conditions. On rainy days, solar radiation is low, and on sunny days, solar radiation is high. If the air quality is poor and there are many pollutants and dust, the solar transmittance is poor and the thermal radiation is small. Based on the above analysis, the radiation intensity relationship function is constructed:

[0096] (3);

[0097] The longitude and latitude of the building's geographical location , the height of the floor The corresponding values ​​can be obtained from the building floors in the digital twin model established in step 1, and the outdoor weather conditions It can be obtained in real time, using the random forest regression method to construct multiple decision trees, averaging the final results to improve the prediction performance, judging the accuracy of the regression results by the mean square error MSE and the determination coefficient R2, and finally obtaining the corresponding functional relationship (3).

[0098] The room Sunshade inside Light transmission area Depends on the size of the sunshade opening and closing , the transmittance depends on the material parameters of the sunshade , which can also be obtained through the twin model. Therefore, when the spatial area is fixed, the amount of thermal radiation entering the room It just depends on how big or small the sunshade is.

[0099] Step 2.3: Construct an air conditioning energy consumption model based on the radiation intensity relationship function, i.e., formula (3);

[0100] because , , and outdoor weather conditions It cannot be directly adjusted through control strategies and is an uncontrollable dependent variable. Therefore, it is necessary to find the difference between these uncontrollable dependent variables and controllable dependent variables. The relationship between these variables The influence of is transferred to the controllable variables. Based on formula (3), the relationship matrix is ​​constructed:

[0101] ,

[0102] By calculating this matrix, the air conditioning energy consumption model is obtained:

[0103] ;

[0104] Step 2.4: Based on the calculation formula of the amount of light entering the room, obtain the lighting energy consumption model;

[0105] The steps of sunlight for lighting system are similar to those for air conditioning system and simpler. The set light intensity in a specified space is a fixed value, which only depends on the light provided by the indoor lighting system and the amount of light entering the room from outdoor sunlight. Therefore, the larger the sunshade is opened, the smaller the energy consumption of the corresponding lighting system is. The lighting energy consumption model is obtained by the same method:

[0106] The amount of light entering the room satisfies the following formula:

[0107] ;

[0108] in, is the luminous flux entering the room, is the light intensity outside the window, A is the light-transmitting area of ​​the corresponding space, and G is the light transmittance (a value between 0 and 1). Through the same matrix conversion method as step 2.3, we can finally get the lighting energy consumption model with the following formula;

[0109] ,

[0110] Better yet, when the space is a large space with multiple sunshades, the calculation formula for the amount of light that needs to enter the room is changed to:

[0111] ;

[0112] in, Enter the room The luminous flux, It's a room Sunshade inside The light intensity outside the window, It's a room Sunshade inside The light transmission area, It's a room Sunshade inside The transmittance (a value between 0 and 1) is calculated by comparing the formula Using the same matrix conversion method as step 2.3, we can finally get the lighting energy consumption model with the following formula:

[0113] ;

[0114] According to step 2.2 and step 2.4, the solar radiation intensity corresponding to each sunshade is obtained respectively. and , and then obtain the sunshade material parameters from the digital twin model , based on the sunshade material parameters Corresponding to the transmittance of the sunshade , then the above formula is the relationship between the opening and closing size of each sunshade and the thermal radiation and light , the solution can be found.

[0115] Step 2.5: For the air conditioning energy consumption model obtained in the previous steps 2.3 and 2.4 and lighting energy consumption models ,With the change of seasonal weather, there is a certain conflict between the two, among which, Inversely proportional to the opening size of the sunshade, but The opening size of the sunshade is directly proportional to the size in summer and inversely proportional to the size in winter, so it is necessary to build an energy consumption balance model between the two:

[0116] ;

[0117] Will , Indicates the influence coefficient of sunshade adjustment on lighting energy consumption;

[0118] to:

[0119] :

[0120] Indicates the influence coefficient of sunshade adjustment on air conditioning energy consumption.

[0121] The model of total energy consumption is changed to:

[0122] (4),

[0123] Step 3: Based on the indoor perceived temperature, indoor light intensity, and building surrounding environment comfort parameters, establish a relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control:

[0124] Reader satisfaction is an important indicator in the operation of public buildings. It is positively correlated with the comfort level of readers in the building. We designed a questionnaire to collect readers' satisfaction evaluation. The satisfaction rating is divided into five levels from good to poor, ranging from 5 points to 0 points.

[0125] The factors affecting reader comfort are mainly divided into the following three items: indoor body temperature , indoor light intensity It is the comfort parameter of the building surrounding environment.

[0126] Suitable indoor temperature It will vary depending on the area where different people are located. In the library's children's area, senior activity room and other related areas, the low indoor temperature will cause the readers' comfort to be greatly reduced, while the adult area may be less affected. Therefore, people of different ages and genders have different sensitivities to temperature.

[0127] Indoor light intensity ,The impact on the reader's comfort is mainly reflected in: when the sunlight intensity is high, direct sunlight will cause glare, which greatly affects the reader's comfort experience. From the digital twin model in step 1, we can obtain the specified room Window size (based on is the sunshade size parameter), as well as the corresponding floor and longitude and latitude information. The floor and longitude and latitude information can be used to construct the sunlight incident angle at different times of the day. , let the percentage of sunshade being pulled down be , then the indoor lighting area is ,When the light intensity exceeds the comfort range, it is necessary to control the opening size of the sunshade to ensure that the area of ​​the lighting does not intersect with the reader’s activity range.

[0128] Environment outside the window The impact on the reader's comfort is reflected in the following: if there is a park or scenic spot outside the window, the reader's overall comfort will also increase accordingly. Conversely, if the scenery outside the window is poor, the reader's comfort will decrease.

[0129] Step 3.1: Based on the factors that affect the reader's comfort (indoor body temperature , indoor light intensity , Building surrounding environment comfort parameters), and build a reader satisfaction relationship model:

[0130] ;

[0131] The multi-distance linear regression method is used to calculate the relevant function relationship. , Indoor light intensity And the surrounding environment comfort parameters Can be regarded as affected by the opening and closing size of the sunshade The dependent variable affected by , so continue to build the functional relationship:

[0132] ;

[0133] By calculating this matrix, the factor that affects reader satisfaction is finally fixed as the opening and closing time of the sunshade. and sunshade opening and closing size , we get the relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control:

[0134]

[0135] Step 4: Based on the total energy consumption model of air conditioning and lighting and the relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control, construct an energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function;

[0136] Reader satisfaction and electromechanical equipment energy consumption are both issues that need to be considered in public buildings, but there is a certain conflict between the two needs, which is manifested in the following aspects:

[0137] When the environment outside the window can increase the reader's comfort, the opening size of the sunshade needs to be increased, but this will lead to increased air conditioning energy consumption in summer.

[0138] When people need a lower temperature to meet comfort requirements, the size of the opening needs to be reduced, but this will result in a decrease in the amount of light entering the room and increase the energy consumption of the lighting system.

[0139] In winter, increasing the size of windows and the amount of heat radiation entering the room can reduce air conditioning energy consumption, but it will cause glare problems and affect readers' comfort.

[0140] Therefore, it is necessary to find a balance between energy consumption and reader satisfaction and consider adopting a multi-objective optimization method.

[0141] Step 4.1: The total energy consumption model formula (4) obtained in step 2 and the relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control obtained in step 3 are: , define a comprehensive objective function, using the weighted sum method:

[0142] ，

[0143] in, and is the weight, indicating the relative importance of energy consumption and satisfaction, When the satisfaction is higher, the objective function is smaller, thus making the optimization result better. The actual decision maker determines according to his own needs. and , and finally solve the objective function The minimum value of Corresponding and , in order to obtain the final optimization function, that is, the energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function.

[0144] Step 5: Based on the energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function, formulate the sunshade control strategy and improve the historical database;

[0145] Step 5.1: Based on the final optimization function obtained in step 4, determine the optimal opening time of the sunshade in each area With opening size , the best opening time With opening size According to the space parameters Integrate them into the digital twin model constructed in step 1 respectively, and With opening size , specify corresponding control strategies, and implement intelligent control and integrated management through digital twin models.

[0146] At the same time, the historical records of control strategy operation and subsequent reader satisfaction data are recorded in the historical database to facilitate subsequent updates and improvements to the strategy library, thereby achieving energy-saving management and intelligent operation and maintenance, reducing operation and maintenance costs, improving management efficiency, and achieving a comprehensive balance between energy conservation and emission reduction and improved reader comfort.

[0147] Here, the BIM technology of the present invention can be combined with various sensor data to build a digital twin model, coordinate the control of sunshades in different areas, formulate strategies, and further optimize in combination with reader comfort feedback.

[0148] The present invention establishes a digital twin model of a public building, combines objective factors such as light, time, weather, and subjective factors such as the building's surrounding environment and readers' comfort needs, proposes a set of evaluation strategies, explores the balance between reducing building energy consumption and improving readers' comfort, and builds a more reasonable sunshade intelligent control system to improve readers' comfort and reduce operation and maintenance energy consumption.

[0149] Specifically, the present invention can improve the energy-saving effect of buildings: reduce energy waste through active identification of abnormal scenes, targeted and timely processing; improve the work efficiency of maintenance personnel: reduce ineffective inspection work; improve management level: make scientific decisions through statistical summary of collected status data.

[0150] The detailed contents of the device embodiments of the present invention can be found in the corresponding parts of the method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0151] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0152] It should be noted that the present invention can be implemented in software and / or a combination of software and hardware, for example, it can be implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a general-purpose computer or any other similar hardware device. In one embodiment, the software program of the present invention can be executed by a processor to implement the steps or functions described above. Similarly, the software program of the present invention (including related data structures) can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium, for example, a RAM memory, a magnetic or optical drive or a floppy disk and the like. In addition, some steps or functions of the present invention can be implemented using hardware, for example, as a circuit that cooperates with a processor to perform various steps or functions.

[0153] In addition, a part of the present invention may be applied as a computer program product, such as a computer program instruction, which, when executed by a computer, can call or provide the method and / or technical solution according to the present invention through the operation of the computer. The program instruction for calling the method of the present invention may be stored in a fixed or removable recording medium, and / or transmitted through a data stream in a broadcast or other signal-bearing medium, and / or stored in a working memory of a computer device that runs according to the program instruction. Here, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a device is included, the device including a memory for storing computer program instructions and a processor for executing program instructions, wherein, when the computer program instruction is executed by the processor, the device is triggered to run the method and / or technical solution based on the aforementioned multiple embodiments of the present invention.

[0154] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved. In addition, it is obvious that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units or devices stated in the device claim can also be implemented by one unit or device through software or hardware. The words first, second, etc. are used to indicate names, and do not indicate any particular order.

Claims

1. A method for controlling sunshades in public buildings, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Build a digital twin model of public buildings based on the building operation and maintenance BIM model; Step 2: Based on the digital twin model of the public building, a total energy consumption model of air conditioning and lighting is established with the relationship between the energy consumption of electromechanical equipment and the control of sunshades; Step 3: Based on the indoor perceived temperature, indoor light intensity, and building surrounding environment comfort parameters, establish a relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control: Step 4: Based on the total energy consumption model of air conditioning and lighting and the relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control, construct an energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function; Step 5: Based on the energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function, formulate the sunshade control strategy and improve the historical database; Build a digital twin model of public buildings, including: Step 1.1: Construct a building operation and maintenance BIM model based on the building construction data, the installation locations of sensors and sunshades in the building, and related equipment parameters. The building operation and maintenance BIM model includes: electromechanical equipment parameters E = {eq i }, sunshade parameter C = {ct ij } and geographic information parameter F = {f i }, i represents the room number, j represents the serial number of the sunshade installation position in room i; Mechanical and electrical equipment including air conditioning and lighting equipment, eq i = {r i , cf i }, r i is the space parameter, cf i Set parameters for the device; Sunshade parameters ct ij = {r i ,s ij , m ij },s ij is the sunshade size parameter, m ij The material parameters of the sunshade; Geographic information parameter f i = {l i ,ev i }, l i is the latitude and longitude parameters of the building's geographical location and the building's floor, i is the comfort parameter of the building surrounding environment; Step 1.2: Integrate the real-time data of temperature, humidity and light collected by the sensor into the corresponding spatial position of the BIM model constructed in step 1.1 to form the spatial environment parameter H = {h i }, where h i = {r i , th i }, r i is the spatial parameter, th i For temperature, humidity and light parameters, the control functions of electromechanical equipment, BIM models and spatial environment parameters H are integrated into the same system to construct a digital twin model of public buildings.

2. The method for controlling sunshades in public buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2: Based on the public building digital twin model, establish a total energy consumption model of air conditioning and lighting that shows the relationship between the energy consumption of electromechanical equipment and sunshade control, including: Step 2.1: Based on the public building digital twin model established in step 1.1, the spatial parameter r i For classification, find the relationship between air conditioning energy consumption and sunshade control; Step 2.2: Based on the relationship between air conditioning energy consumption and sunshade control, obtain the radiation intensity relationship function; Step 2.3: Construct an air conditioning energy consumption model based on the radiation intensity relationship function; Step 2.4: Based on the calculation formula of the amount of light entering the room, obtain the lighting energy consumption model; Step 2.5: Based on the air conditioning energy consumption model and the lighting energy consumption model, obtain the total energy consumption model.

3. The method for controlling sunshades in public buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step 2.1: Based on the public building digital twin model established in step 1.1, the spatial parameter r i For classification, find the relationship between air conditioning energy consumption and sunshade control, including: In summer, the following energy consumption formula exists (1): Q cooling =Q sun +Q internal +Q transmission (1); Among them, Q internal is the internal heat load, including lighting, air conditioning equipment and human body heat dissipation; Q transmission is the heat load transmitted through the walls and ceiling; Q sun is the solar heat radiation entering the room; Q cooling It is the total cooling load consumed by the air conditioner to maintain the set temperature; In winter, the energy consumption formula (2) is as follows: Q heating =Q loss -Q sun -Q internal (2) Among them, Q loss is the heat lost through the walls and ceiling, Q internal is the internal heat load, Q sun is the solar heat radiation entering the room, Q heating It is the total heat load consumed by the air conditioner to maintain the set temperature.

4. The method for controlling sunshades in public buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step 2.2: Based on the relationship between air conditioning energy consumption and sunshade control, the radiation intensity relationship function is obtained, including: The thermal radiation calculation formula is changed to: According to formula (1) or (2), Q sun_i , A ij is the light transmission area of ​​sunshade j in room i, G ij is the transmittance of sunshade j in room i; I ij =f(l ij ,H ij ,W ij ) (3); Among them, the solar radiation intensity I of the sunshade j in room i ij Affected by the longitude and latitude of the building's geographical location i , the height of the floor H i , and outdoor weather conditions W i Influence; the longitude and latitude of the building's geographical location i , the height of the floor H i Obtain the corresponding values ​​from the building floors in the digital twin model established in step 1, and the outdoor weather conditions W i Real-time acquisition, using random forest regression method to build multiple decision trees, averaging the final results to improve the prediction performance, judging the accuracy of the regression results by the mean square error MSE and the coefficient of determination R2, and finally obtaining the corresponding functional relationship (3).

5. The method for controlling sunshades in public buildings as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: Step 2.3: Construct an air conditioning energy consumption model based on the radiation intensity relationship function, including: Based on formula (3), the relationship matrix is ​​constructed: By calculating this matrix, the air conditioning energy consumption model is obtained: E i空调 =f1(P i ),in, P i The opening size of the sunshade; Step 2.4: Based on the calculation formula of the amount of light entering the room, the lighting energy consumption model is obtained, including: The formula for calculating the amount of light entering a room is: in, is the luminous flux entering room i, E outij is the light intensity outside the window of sunshade j in room i, A ij is the light transmission area of ​​sunshade j in room i, G ij is the light transmittance of sunshade j in room i, through the formula After matrix transformation, the lighting energy consumption model is finally obtained as follows; E i照明 =f2(P i ),in, 6. The method for controlling sunshades in public buildings as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Step 2.5: Based on the air conditioning energy consumption model and the lighting energy consumption model, the total energy consumption model is obtained, including: The total energy consumption is modeled as: Among them, α represents the influence coefficient of sunshade adjustment on lighting energy consumption; β represents the influence coefficient of sunshade adjustment on air conditioning energy consumption.

7. The method for controlling sunshades in public buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step 3: Based on the indoor perceived temperature, indoor light intensity, and building surrounding environment comfort parameters, a model of the relationship between reader satisfaction and sunshade control is established, including: Step 3.1: Tinner based on the indoor body temperature i , indoor light intensityLinner i ,ev i Building surrounding environment comfort parameters, build reader satisfaction relationship model: St i =f(Tinner i , Linner i ,ev i ),in, Continue to construct the matrix function relationship: By calculating the matrix function relationship, the factor affecting the reader satisfaction is finally fixed as the sunshade opening and closing time Sp i And sunshade opening and closing size P i , we get the relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control: St i =f3(Sp i , P i ),in, 8. The method for controlling sunshades in public buildings according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step 4: Based on the total energy consumption model of air conditioning and lighting and the relationship model between reader satisfaction and sunshade control, construct an energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function, including: Step 4.1: Use the total energy consumption model formula (4) obtained in step 2.5 and the reader satisfaction and sunshade control relationship model obtained in step 3.1: St i =f3(P i ), define a comprehensive objective function using the weighted sum method: J i =ω1E 总i +ω2(1-St i ), Among them, ω1 and ω2 are weights, indicating the relative importance of energy consumption and satisfaction, (1-St i ) makes the objective function smaller when the satisfaction is higher, thus making the optimization result better; the actual decision maker determines ω1 and ω2 according to his own needs, and finally solves the objective function J i The minimum value of St i Corresponding Spi and Pi are obtained to obtain the final optimization function, that is, the energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function.

9. The method for controlling sunshades in public buildings according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step 5: Based on the energy consumption and satisfaction balance point evaluation function, formulate the sunshade control strategy and improve the historical database, including: Step 5.1: Based on the final optimization function obtained in step 4, determine the optimal opening time Sp of the sunshade in each area i With open size P i , the best opening time Sp i With open size P i According to the spatial parameter r i They are integrated into the digital twin model constructed in step 1, and the optimal opening time Sp i With open size P i , specify the corresponding control strategy; The historical records of the operation of the control strategy and the subsequent reader satisfaction data are recorded in the historical database.

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