A high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire and its application

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy wires, and specifically relates to a high-conductivity, heat-resistant, high-elongation aluminum alloy wire and its application. The present invention defines the composition as follows: Zr 0.065-0.075%, Er 0.11-0.14%, B 0.032-0.038%, Fe 0.040-0.048%, Si 0.041-0.045%, (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.012-0.018%, and the balance is aluminum. Through the setting of alloy composition, continuous casting and rolling process and intermediate annealing process, the alloy uniformly precipitates heat-resistant dispersed phase particles during the intermediate annealing process, thereby improving the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy. Through differential temperature drawing, the work hardening of aluminum alloy wire rods can be annealed and recovered online in time, reducing the traditional offline annealing process and facilitating the continuity of drawing. Combined with a single deep cold drawing process, the shape of the finished wire is fully corrected and the surface quality is improved. The conductivity, strength and elongation are then adjusted through annealing of the finished product. Finally, through the synergistic effect of the mechanism, the aluminum alloy wire has the characteristics of high conductivity, high elongation and heat resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy wires, and in particular relates to a high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Copper, as an excellent conductive material, is widely used in important industries such as electricity and transportation. However, my country's copper resources are relatively scarce, and copper prices have remained high. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend to use aluminum wires instead of copper wires as power transmission materials. However, the existing aluminum alloy wires have poor conductivity and heat resistance, and cannot meet the requirements of high current carrying capacity, high heat resistance, high conductivity, and high strength at the same time.

[0003] Patent CN107043874B discloses an aluminum alloy wire and its preparation method and application. By adjusting the alloying composition and coordinating the stretching and annealing processes, an aluminum alloy wire with a tensile strength of 105-120MPa, an elongation of 20-30%, a conductivity of 61.0-61.8%IACS, and excellent swing performance is prepared to replace copper core automotive wiring harnesses. However, automotive wiring harnesses face high current and high temperature environments during service, which can reach up to 150-200°C. After testing, the aluminum alloy wire in the patent has poor heat resistance, and its strength will be reduced under high temperature service conditions, which poses a safety hazard and cannot meet the needs of automotive wiring harnesses.

[0004] Patent CN118639062A discloses an aluminum alloy and its preparation method, aluminum alloy conductor and transmission line. By adjusting the weight ratio of Sc and Zr and the weight ratio of Be and Zr, the obtained aluminum alloy has both high heat resistance and high conductivity. The tensile strength of the alloy at room temperature can reach more than 200MPa, but the strength will also stop loss under long-term high-temperature service, posing a safety hazard.

[0005] Patent CN113373346A discloses a high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and its preparation method. The patent improves the conductivity and heat resistance to a certain extent through composition and process improvements. However, the elongation of the patented material is only 2-4.6%, which is too low and is not conducive to the preparation of the wire. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire and its application. The present invention specifically includes the following contents:

[0007] A high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire, the composition and weight content of the aluminum alloy include: Zr 0.065-0.075%, Er 0.11-0.14%, B 0.032-0.038%, Fe 0.040-0.048%, Si 0.041-0.045%, (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.012-0.018%, and the balance is aluminum;

[0008] The method for preparing the high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1, ingot casting: batching according to components and contents, and then smelting and refining to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0010] S2, continuous casting and rolling: continuously casting and rolling the aluminum alloy liquid to obtain an aluminum rod;

[0011] S3, intermediate annealing: the aluminum rod is kept at 260-290° C. for 18-22 hours for intermediate annealing to obtain an annealed aluminum rod;

[0012] S4, differential temperature drawing: the annealed aluminum rod is subjected to differential temperature drawing to obtain an aluminum alloy wire blank; the differential temperature drawing process is:

[0013] When the wire diameter φ=10-20mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 380-420℃;

[0014] When the wire diameter φ=5-10mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 320-380℃;

[0015] When the wire diameter φ=1-5mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 260-320℃;

[0016] When the wire diameter φ is less than 1mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 220-260℃;

[0017] S5, cryogenic drawing: cryogenically drawing the aluminum alloy wire at (-40° C.) to (-130° C.) to obtain a cryogenically drawn wire;

[0018] S6, finished product annealing: the deep cold drawn wire is kept at 355-380° C. for 18-22 hours, and finished product annealing is performed to obtain the high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire.

[0019] Preferably, the diameter of the deep cold drawn wire obtained in step S5 of the preparation method is φ=0.3-0.9 mm.

[0020] Preferably, in step S2 of the preparation method, the diameter of the aluminum rod in the initial rolling stage is φ=9.5-20 mm.

[0021] Preferably, the aluminum alloy wire has a conductivity of ≥63% IACS, a tensile strength of ≥125 MPa, an elongation of ≥20%, a heat-resistant temperature of ≥160°C, and a strength retention rate of ≥97% after heating at 230°C for 1 hour.

[0022] A conductor made of the high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire material.

[0023] An application of the wire in new energy vehicles or household appliances.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] (1) The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire disclosed in the present invention has a limited composition comprising: Zr 0.065-0.075%, Er 0.11-0.14%, B 0.032-0.038%, Fe 0.040-0.048%, Si 0.041-0.045%, (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.012-0.018%. By optimizing and improving the alloy composition, continuous casting and rolling process and intermediate annealing process, the alloy can more evenly precipitate heat-resistant dispersed phase particles during the intermediate annealing process, thereby further improving the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy.

[0026] (2) The present invention prepares aluminum alloy wire blanks through a differential temperature drawing process, and defines in detail the process of the differential temperature drawing process at different stages. The present invention designs the differential temperature drawing process on the basis of the composition and the previous preparation steps, so that the material is heated more evenly during the drawing process, thereby promoting the flow and refinement of the grains, so that the aluminum alloy wire can better adapt to deformation during the drawing process, reducing the possibility of cracking and fracture, and at the same time, the work hardening produced by the aluminum alloy wire rod can be timely annealed and recovered online, reducing the traditional offline annealing process, which is beneficial to the continuity of drawing.

[0027] (3) The method of the present invention combines a deep cold drawing process after differential temperature drawing to fully correct the shape of the finished wire and improve the surface quality; then the conductivity-strength-elongation is adjusted by annealing the finished product; and finally, through the synergistic effect of the mechanism, the aluminum alloy wire is made to have the characteristics of high conductivity, high elongation and heat resistance.

[0028] (4) The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire prepared by the present invention has better performance than the aluminum alloy described in patent CN113373346A in the background technology. The aluminum alloy wire of the present invention has a conductivity of ≥63%IACS, a tensile strength of ≥125MPa, an elongation of ≥20%, a heat-resistant temperature of ≥160°C, and a strength residual rate of ≥97% after heating at 230°C for 1h. The wire made of the high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire prepared by the present invention can be widely used in aluminum wires for rotors of new energy motors and aluminum wire materials for civil power transmission equipment, and can effectively replace traditional copper materials, which is of great significance for the lightweighting of large-scale equipment and the reduction of material preparation costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a picture of dispersed phase particles precipitated after annealing of the aluminum alloy in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a grain structure diagram of the finished aluminum alloy wire prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments shown below do not limit the invention content described in the claims. In addition, the entire contents of the structures represented by the following embodiments are not limited to those necessary as solutions to the invention described in the claims.

[0032] A high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire, the composition and weight content of the aluminum alloy include: Zr 0.065-0.075%, Er 0.11-0.14%, B 0.032-0.038%, Fe 0.040-0.048%, Si 0.041-0.045%, (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.012-0.018%, and the balance is aluminum; a method for preparing the high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1, ingot casting: batching according to components and contents, and then smelting and refining to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0034] S2, continuous casting and rolling: the aluminum alloy liquid is continuously cast and rolled, and the diameter of the aluminum rod in the initial stage of rolling is φ=9.5-20 mm, and finally an aluminum rod is obtained;

[0035] S3, intermediate annealing: the aluminum rod is kept at 260-290° C. for 18-22 hours for intermediate annealing to obtain an annealed aluminum rod;

[0036] S4, differential temperature drawing: the annealed aluminum rod is subjected to differential temperature drawing to obtain an aluminum alloy wire blank; the differential temperature drawing process is:

[0037] When the wire diameter φ=10-20mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 380-420℃;

[0038] When the wire diameter φ=5-10mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 320-380℃;

[0039] When the wire diameter φ=1-5mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 260-320℃;

[0040] When the wire diameter φ is less than 1mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 220-260℃;

[0041] S5, deep cold drawing: deep cold drawing the aluminum alloy wire at (-40°C)-(-130°C) to obtain a deep cold drawn wire with a diameter of φ=0.3-0.9 mm;

[0042] S6, finished product annealing: the deep cold drawn wire is kept at 355-380°C for 18-22h, and the finished product is annealed to obtain the high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire, wherein the aluminum alloy wire has a conductivity of ≥63%IACS, a tensile strength of ≥125MPa, an elongation of ≥20%, a heat-resistant temperature of ≥160°C, and a strength residual rate of ≥97% after heating at 230°C for 1h.

[0043] The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire prepared by the method of the present invention can meet the use requirements of the conductor and can be applied in new energy vehicles or household appliances.

[0044] In the aluminum alloy of the present invention:

[0045] The addition of zirconium Zr can significantly improve the heat resistance of aluminum alloys. The radius of zirconium atoms is larger than that of aluminum, and its diffusion activation energy in aluminum is high, which can easily form a stable Al3Zr phase. These phases can effectively pin dislocations and grain boundaries at high temperatures, hinder deformation and intracrystalline and grain boundary sliding, thereby improving the creep resistance and heat resistance of aluminum alloys. The present invention controls the Zr content to 0.065-0.075%, which not only ensures sufficient improvement in heat resistance, but also avoids alloy embrittlement that may be caused by excessive zirconium content.

[0046] The addition of erbium Er can significantly improve the conductivity, strength and heat resistance of aluminum alloys. Er reacts with Al to form Al3Er phase, which has a precipitation strengthening effect and improves the strength of the alloy; at the same time, Er can also react with impurity elements such as Fe and Si to form compounds, reducing the adverse effects of these impurities on the conductivity. The present invention controls the Er content to 0.11-0.14%, balances the improvement of conductivity, strength and heat resistance, and avoids excessive costs and negative effects on other properties.

[0047] The addition of boron B is mainly used to reduce the harmful impurity content in aluminum alloys and improve electrical conductivity. Boron can react with transition group impurity elements such as Cr, Mn, V, Ti, etc., so that they are transformed from solute atomic state to chemical state and deposited at the bottom of the melt, thereby reducing the adverse effects of these impurities on electrical conductivity. The present invention limits the B content to 0.032-0.038%, while achieving effective impurity control, it also avoids the negative impact on other properties of the alloy.

[0048] The Fe content is limited to 0.040-0.048%, which ensures a certain strength while avoiding the reduction of ductility caused by excessive iron content. The Si content is limited to 0.041-0.045%, which helps to form an appropriate amount of strengthening phase and avoids the negative impact on other properties of the alloy. In addition, the present invention controls the total content of trace elements vanadium, titanium, chromium, and manganese within the range of 0.012-0.018%, which can comprehensively improve the performance of the alloy (manganese can inhibit the recrystallization of the alloy, improve the strength and heat resistance of the alloy; titanium and chromium can improve the strength and corrosion resistance of the alloy by forming fine precipitation phases), while avoiding adverse effects on the conductivity and ductility of the alloy.

[0049] The present invention designs the alloy composition and the preparation process, and the conductivity of the aluminum alloy wire prepared by the present invention is ≥63%IACS, the tensile strength is ≥125MPa, the elongation is ≥20%, the heat-resistant temperature is ≥160°C, and the strength residual rate is ≥97% after heating at 230°C for 1h. The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire of the present invention can be used in wires and used as conductive materials in new energy vehicles or household appliances.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire prepared in this embodiment includes, by mass percentage: Zr 0.065%; Er 0.11%; B 0.032%; Fe 0.048%; Si 0.041%; (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.012%; and aluminum as the balance. The preparation method includes:

[0052] S1, smelting and refining to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0053] S2, continuous casting and rolling of the mixed materials of each component to prepare a φ12 mm aluminum rod;

[0054] S3, annealing the aluminum rod, first heating it to 270°C, keeping it at that temperature for 18 hours, and then air cooling it;

[0055] S4, subjecting the annealed aluminum rod to differential temperature drawing, wherein the drawing temperature is 420°C when the cross section is φ10-12mm, the drawing temperature is 320°C when the cross section is φ5-10mm, and the drawing temperature is 260°C when the cross section is φ1.2-5mm, to obtain a φ1.2mm differential temperature drawn blank;

[0056] S5, deep cold drawing the φ1.2 mm temperature difference drawing billet at -40°C to prepare a φ0.9 mm aluminum alloy wire;

[0057] S6, raising the temperature of the deep cold drawn aluminum wire to 355°C and keeping it at that temperature for 22 hours to obtain a high conductivity, heat-resistant and high elongation aluminum alloy wire. Figure 1 This is a picture of dispersed phase particles precipitated after annealing of the aluminum alloy in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a grain structure diagram of the finished aluminum alloy wire prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire prepared in this embodiment includes, by mass percentage: Zr 0.067%; Er 0.12%; B 0.034%; Fe 0.046%; Si 0.045%; (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.016%; and aluminum as the balance. The preparation method includes:

[0060] S1, smelting and refining to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0061] S2, continuous casting and rolling of the mixed materials of each component to prepare a φ9.5 mm aluminum rod;

[0062] S3, annealing the aluminum rod, first heating it to 260°C, keeping it at that temperature for 22 hours, and then air cooling it;

[0063] S4, the annealed aluminum rod is subjected to differential temperature drawing, the drawing temperature is 380°C when the cross section is φ5-9.5mm, and the drawing temperature is 320°C when the cross section is φ1-5mm, to obtain a φ1.0mm differential temperature drawn billet.

[0064] S5, the φ1.0 mm differential temperature drawing billet is deep cold drawn at -130°C to prepare a φ0.3 mm aluminum alloy wire.

[0065] S6, raising the temperature of the deep cold drawn aluminum wire to 380°C and keeping it at that temperature for 18 hours to obtain a high conductivity, heat-resistant and high elongation aluminum alloy wire.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire prepared in this embodiment includes, by mass percentage: Zr 0.068%; Er 0.13%; B 0.033%; Fe 0.047%; Si 0.042%; (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.013%; and aluminum as the balance. The preparation method includes:

[0068] S1, smelting and refining to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0069] S2, continuous casting and rolling of the mixed materials of each component to prepare a φ12 mm aluminum rod;

[0070] S3, annealing the aluminum rod, first heating it to 290°C, keeping it at that temperature for 18 hours, and then air cooling it;

[0071] S4, subjecting the annealed aluminum rod to differential temperature drawing, wherein the drawing temperature is 420°C when the cross section is φ10-12mm, the drawing temperature is 320°C when the cross section is φ5-10mm, and the drawing temperature is 260°C when the cross section is φ1.2-5mm, to obtain a φ1.2mm differential temperature drawn blank;

[0072] S5, deep cold drawing the φ1.2 mm temperature difference drawing billet at -40°C to prepare a φ0.9 mm aluminum alloy wire;

[0073] S6, raising the temperature of the deep cold drawn aluminum wire to 360°C and keeping it at that temperature for 21 hours to obtain a high conductivity, heat-resistant and high elongation aluminum alloy wire.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire prepared in this embodiment includes, by mass percentage: Zr 0.070%; Er 0.14%; B 0.035%; Fe 0.045%; Si 0.044%; (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.018%; and aluminum is the balance. The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire prepared in this embodiment includes, by mass percentage: Zr 0.072%; Er 0.12%; B 0.036%; Fe 0.042%; Si 0.045%; (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.015%; and aluminum is the balance. The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of Example 2.

[0078] Example 6

[0079] The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire prepared in this embodiment includes, by mass percentage: Zr 0.074%; Er 0.11%; B 0.038%; Fe 0.040%; Si 0.041%; (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.014%; and aluminum is the balance. The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3.

[0080] Example 7

[0081] In this embodiment, the aluminum rod prepared by continuous casting and rolling has a size of φ20mm; when the annealed aluminum rod is subjected to differential temperature drawing, the drawing temperature is 380°C when the cross section is φ10-20mm, and the rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0082] Example 8

[0083] The annealing treatment system of the aluminum rod in this embodiment is: firstly heating to 290°C, keeping the temperature for 20 hours and then air cooling. The rest is the same as that in embodiment 1.

[0084] Example 9

[0085] In this embodiment, when the annealed aluminum rod is subjected to differential temperature drawing, the drawing temperature is 320° C. when the cross section is φ1.2-5 mm. The rest is the same as in the first embodiment.

[0086] Comparative Example 1

[0087] In this comparative example, the aluminum rod is subjected to annealing heat treatment, the temperature is raised to 350° C., kept at this temperature for 18 hours, and then air-cooled, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0088] Comparative Example 2

[0089] The aluminum alloy wire prepared in this comparative example includes, by mass percentage, the following: Zr 0.15%, Er 0.20%, B 0.04%, Fe 0.05%, Si 0.03%, (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.007%, and aluminum as the balance. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0090] Comparative Example 3

[0091] In this comparative example, the annealed aluminum rod is subjected to differential temperature drawing, and the drawing temperature is 310°C when the cross section is φ10-12mm, the drawing temperature is 300°C when the cross section is φ5-10mm, and the drawing temperature is 180°C when the cross section is φ1.2-5mm, to obtain a φ1.2mm differential temperature drawn blank. The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0092] Comparative Example 4

[0093] In this comparative example, a φ1.2 mm temperature difference drawing blank is drawn at room temperature to prepare a φ0.9 mm aluminum alloy wire. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 5

[0095] The prepared aluminum alloy wire material includes, by mass percentage, the following: Zr 0.03%, Er 0.08%, B 0.01%, Fe 0.05%, Si 0.03%, (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.002%, and aluminum as the balance. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0096] The ingredients of the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples are shown in Table 1, the preparation processes are shown in Table 2, and the properties of the wires are shown in Table 3.

[0097] Table 1 Wire material composition of the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples

[0098]

[0099] Table 2 Wire material preparation process table of the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples

[0100]

[0101] Table 3 Performance of the wires obtained in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples

[0102]

[0103] Table 1 shows the process parameters and corresponding performance test results of the aluminum alloy wire preparation of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-5. It can be seen from Comparative Example 1 that after annealing at a high temperature of 350°C for 18 hours, the conductivity of the aluminum alloy wire prepared by final drawing is reduced to 59.6% IACS, the elongation is reduced to 16%, and the heat resistance is reduced to 85%. This is mainly because during the high temperature annealing process, the dispersed phase particles are very easy to coarsen and grow, reducing the hindering effect of the dispersed phase particles on the grain boundary migration, thereby reducing the organizational stability of the microstructure. As shown in Comparative Example 2, when the Zr and Er components exceed the specified range, a coarse Er-containing primary phase will be formed during the casting process, affecting the material properties. As shown in Comparative Example 3, when the differential temperature drawing temperature is low, the material cannot play an online recovery role, and the elongation of the finished product has a certain impact. From the results of Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that the finished product annealing was not performed, the elongation of the material is low, which is not conducive to the subsequent forming of the wire harness. From the results of Comparative Example 5, it can be seen that when the composition does not meet the conditions specified in the present invention, the electrical conductivity, strength, elongation and high-temperature strength residual rate of the aluminum alloy wire will be significantly reduced.

[0104] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire, characterized in that: The composition and weight content of the aluminum alloy include: Zr 0.065-0.075%, Er 0.11-0.14%, B 0.032-0.038%, Fe 0.040-0.048%, Si 0.041-0.045%, (V+Ti+Cr+Mn) 0.012-0.018%, and the balance is aluminum; The method for preparing the high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps: S1, ingot casting: batching according to components and contents, and then smelting and refining to obtain aluminum alloy liquid; S2, continuous casting and rolling: continuously casting and rolling the aluminum alloy liquid to obtain an aluminum rod; S3, intermediate annealing: the aluminum rod is kept at 260-290° C. for 18-22 hours for intermediate annealing to obtain an annealed aluminum rod; S4, differential temperature drawing: the annealed aluminum rod is subjected to differential temperature drawing to obtain an aluminum alloy wire blank; the differential temperature drawing process is: When the wire diameter φ=10-20mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 380-420℃; When the wire diameter φ=5-10mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 320-380℃; When the wire diameter φ=1-5mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 260-320℃; When the wire diameter φ is less than 1mm, adjust the drawing temperature to 220-260℃; S5, cryogenic drawing: cryogenically drawing the aluminum alloy wire blank at (-40° C.) to (-130° C.) to obtain a cryogenically drawn wire; S6, finished product annealing: the deep cold drawn wire is kept at 355-380° C. for 18-22 hours, and finished product annealing is performed to obtain the high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire.

2. The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the deep cold drawn wire obtained in step S5 of the preparation method is φ=0.3-0.9 mm.

3. The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation method, in step S2, the diameter of the aluminum rod in the initial rolling stage is φ=9.5-20 mm.

4. The high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy wire has an electrical conductivity of ≥63% IACS, a tensile strength of ≥125 MPa, an elongation of ≥20%, a heat-resistant temperature of ≥160° C., and a strength retention rate of ≥97% after heating at 230° C. for 1 hour.

5. A conductor made of the high-conductivity, heat-resistant and high-elongation aluminum alloy wire material according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. Use of the wire according to claim 5 in new energy vehicles or household appliances.

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