A hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution

Abstract

This invention provides a hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution, comprising a heat exchange core with internal flow channels. The hydrogen cooling device has a fluid inlet, and an automatic fluid distribution structure is provided between the fluid inlet and the heat exchange core. The automatic fluid distribution structure includes a fixed flow divider plate and a movable flow divider plate arranged perpendicular to the fluid flow direction. The fixed flow divider plate has a plurality of first flow divider holes evenly distributed, and the movable flow divider plate has a plurality of second flow divider holes evenly distributed. The movable flow divider plate can move relative to the fixed flow divider plate to control the connection or closure of the first and second flow divider holes. The first and second flow divider holes have the same flow direction as the flow channels within the heat exchange core. This invention, by adding an automatic fluid distribution structure at the fluid inlet of the hydrogen cooler, ensures that the heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange core evenly, reducing the overall thermal stress of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular to a hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution. Background Art

[0002] The application of hydrogen energy in the transportation field is becoming more and more extensive. Hydrogen refueling stations are key infrastructure in the field of hydrogen energy transportation. The 20MPa hydrogen of the hydrogen tube bundle vehicle is increased to 45MPa or 90MPa by the hydrogen compressor and then refilled into the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle through the hydrogen refueling machine. Since the Joule-Thomson coefficient of hydrogen is negative, it has a temperature rise effect after throttling, and the hydrogen refueling process has strict requirements on the temperature of the hydrogen entering the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, so a hydrogen cooler is needed to cool the hydrogen.

[0003] As an important hydrogenation equipment, hydrogen cooler has been widely used in hydrogen production, oil refining, chemical industry and other industries. Its main function is to exchange high-temperature hot hydrogen with cooling medium through heat exchanger, so that the temperature of hydrogen is reduced to the appropriate hydrogenation temperature for subsequent hydrogenation reaction. Considering the high-pressure working conditions, the hydrogen coolers commonly used in hydrogenation stations are microchannel heat exchangers, with hydrogen medium on the hot side and refrigerant on the cold side.

[0004] The fluid inlet pipe of a common hydrogen cooler is welded on the shell. When the core flow channel is distributed vertically, after the fluid enters the collection cavity through the pipe, the fluid dynamic pressure near the inlet is larger, and it flows into the heat exchange core faster; while the fluid far from the inlet is less, and the corresponding fluid flowing into the far end flow channel is less, and the flow rate shows a continuous increasing trend from the inlet to the far end, resulting in uneven flow distribution between the core layers, resulting in uneven heat exchange between the plate bundle layers. When the core flow channel is distributed horizontally, after the fluid enters the collection cavity through the pipe, the fluid static pressure at the lowest point is large, and the fluid static pressure at the highest point is small, and the fluid at the lowest point flows into the heat exchange core faster, and the flow rate shows a continuous decreasing trend from top to bottom, resulting in uneven flow distribution between the core layers, resulting in uneven heat exchange between the plate bundle layers.

[0005] Chinese patent literature discloses "an integrated plate heat exchanger with built-in distribution structure and its processing technology", and its publication number is patent CN115717840A. The fluid is evenly distributed by controlling the curvature of the cavity formed by each plate, but the processing difficulty of the plate is increased. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution, which is used to solve the problems of uneven flow distribution between core layers of the existing hydrogen cooler and uneven heat exchange between plate bundle layers.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution, including a heat exchange core with a flow channel inside, the hydrogen cooling device has a fluid inlet, and a fluid automatic distribution structure is arranged between the fluid inlet and the heat exchange core, the fluid automatic distribution structure includes a fixed diverter plate and a movable diverter plate arranged perpendicular to the fluid flow direction, the fixed diverter plate is evenly provided with a plurality of first diverter holes, the movable diverter plate is evenly provided with a plurality of second diverter holes, the movable diverter plate can move relative to the fixed diverter plate to control the connection or closing of the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole, and the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole have the same flow direction as the flow channel in the heat exchange core.

[0008] Preferably, the hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution also includes a shell, the fluid inlet is arranged on the shell, the automatic fluid distribution structure and the heat exchange core are arranged in the shell, the space between the automatic fluid distribution structure and the fluid inlet forms a collecting chamber, and the space between the automatic fluid distribution structure and the heat exchange core forms a distribution chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the automatic fluid distribution structure also includes a magnetic attraction component arranged between the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate, and the movement of the movable diverter plate relative to the fixed diverter plate is controlled by the interaction between the fluid and the magnetic attraction force of the magnetic attraction component to control the connection or closing of the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole.

[0010] Preferably, the fixed diverter plate is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the shell on the side close to the fluid inlet, the movable diverter plate is arranged on the side close to the heat exchange core, the collecting chamber is formed between the fixed diverter plate and the fluid inlet, and the distribution chamber is formed between the movable diverter plate and the heat exchange core; the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are staggered; in the initial state, the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are attached to each other through the magnetic attraction component, and the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are in a closed state; in the automatic fluid distribution state, the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are separated, and the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are connected.

[0011] Preferably, the fixed diverter plate is provided with at least two limiting holes, and a side of the movable diverter plate that is in contact with the fixed diverter plate is provided with a limiting piece that is compatible with the limiting hole; the magnetic attraction component comprises a first magnetic piece arranged on the inner wall of the limiting hole and a second magnetic piece arranged on the limiting piece, and the magnetic poles of the first magnetic piece and the second magnetic piece are opposite; in the initial state, the movable diverter plate is fitted with the fixed diverter plate after passing through the limiting hole through the limiting piece; a limiting baffle is provided on the top of the part of the limiting piece that passes through the limiting hole, and when the fluid is in the automatic distribution state, the limiting piece of the movable diverter plate is separated from the limiting hole, the limiting baffle is abutted against the fixed diverter plate, the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are separated, and the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are connected.

[0012] Preferably, the fixed diverter plate is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the shell on one side close to the heat exchange core, the movable diverter plate is arranged on the side close to the fluid inlet, the collecting chamber is formed between the movable diverter plate and the fluid inlet, and the distribution chamber is formed between the fixed diverter plate and the heat exchange core; the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are in contact with each other; in the initial state, the first diverter holes and the second diverter holes are alternately distributed; in the automatic fluid distribution state, the movable diverter plate moves along the contact surface relative to the fixed diverter plate, so that the corresponding distribution of the first diverter holes and the second diverter holes are connected.

[0013] Preferably, the magnetic component includes a first magnetic component with opposite magnetic poles and a second magnetic component with the same magnetic poles, the first magnetic component is arranged at one end of the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate, and the second magnetic component is arranged at the other end of the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate; in the initial state, the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate are attracted to each other at one end close to the first magnetic component under the action of attraction, and the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate are separated at one end close to the second magnetic component under the action of repulsion; in the automatic fluid distribution state, under the interaction of the fluid, the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component, the movable diverter plate moves along the fitting surface relative to the fixed diverter plate, so that the end close to the first magnetic component is separated and the end close to the second magnetic component is fitted, so that the first diversion hole and the second diversion hole are relatively distributed.

[0014] Preferably, a first L-shaped plate and a second L-shaped plate are oppositely provided on one side of the two ends of the fixed diverter plate close to the fluid inlet, and a first rib plate and a second rib plate are respectively vertically provided on the two ends of the movable diverter plate along the direction close to the fluid inlet, and the lengths of the first rib plate and the second rib plate are consistent with the lengths of the inner walls of the first L-shaped plate and the second L-shaped plate, so that the movable diverter plate is embedded between the first L-shaped plate and the second L-shaped plate and can move in the space, the first magnetic attraction component includes a third magnetic attraction component provided on the first L-shaped plate and a fourth magnetic attraction component provided on the first rib plate, and the magnetic poles of the third magnetic attraction component and the fourth magnetic attraction component are opposite; the second magnetic attraction component includes a fifth magnetic attraction component provided on the second L-shaped plate and a sixth magnetic attraction component provided on the second rib plate, and the magnetic poles of the fifth magnetic attraction component and the sixth magnetic attraction component are the same.

[0015] Preferably, the flow channel includes a first medium flow channel and a second medium flow channel which are independent of each other, and the fluid inlet includes a first medium fluid inlet and a second medium fluid inlet, the first medium fluid inlet is connected to the first medium flow channel, and the second medium fluid inlet is connected to the second medium flow channel.

[0016] Preferably, an automatic fluid distribution structure is provided between at least one of the first medium fluid inlet and the second medium fluid inlet and the heat exchange core.

[0017] As described above, the hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by adding an automatic fluid distribution structure at the fluid inlet of the hydrogen cooler, the heat exchange medium can enter the heat exchange core evenly, reducing the overall thermal stress of the equipment and extending the service life of the equipment; by the sequential action of the two plates, the fluid in each flow channel of the heat exchange core is evenly distributed, thereby enhancing the heat exchange effect. This solution does not change the processing shape of the heat exchange core plate, thereby reducing the processing difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the initial state of the hydrogen cooling device of Example 1.

[0019] Figure 2 Display as Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram showing the automatic fluid distribution state of the hydrogen cooling device of Example 1.

[0021] Figure 4 Display as Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 The heat exchange core shown in Example 1 is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure in CC direction.

[0023] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed diverter plate of Example 1.

[0024] Figure 7 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the active diverter plate of Example 1.

[0025] Figure 8 The schematic diagram shows the initial state of the hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution of Example 2.

[0026] Fig. 9 The schematic diagram of the structure shows the automatic fluid distribution state of the hydrogen cooling device of the automatic fluid distribution of Example 2.

[0027] Fig.10 The heat exchange core shown in Example 2 is Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure in the DD direction.

[0028] Fig.11 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the active diverter plate of Example 2.

[0029] Fig.12 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed diverter plate of Example 2.

[0030] Fig.13 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the hydrogen cooling device in the third embodiment in the state of automatic fluid distribution.

[0031] Fig.14 The structure diagram of the hydrogen cooling device in the fourth embodiment is shown in the automatic fluid distribution state.

[0032] Description of the accompanying drawings: flow channel 1, heat exchange core 2, fluid inlet 3, first medium fluid inlet 31, second medium fluid inlet 32, first medium fluid outlet 33, second medium fluid outlet 34, fixed diverter plate 4, first diverter hole 41, limiting hole 42, first magnetic component 421, first L-shaped plate 43, third magnetic component 431, second L-shaped plate 44, fifth magnetic component 441, welding part 45, movable diverter plate 5, second diverter hole 51, limiting component 52, second magnetic component 521, limiting baffle 53, screw 531, distribution chamber 8, first rib plate 54, second rib plate 55, fourth magnetic component 541, sixth magnetic component 551, shell 6, collecting chamber 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0035] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation" and "setting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution, including a housing 6 and Figure 5 The heat exchange core 2 is provided in a shell and has a flow channel 1 therein. The shell has a fluid inlet 3. A fluid automatic distribution structure is provided between the fluid inlet and the heat exchange core. The fluid inlet is provided on the shell. The fluid automatic distribution structure and the heat exchange core are provided in the shell. The space between the fluid automatic distribution structure and the fluid inlet forms a collecting chamber 7. The space between the fluid automatic distribution structure and the heat exchange core forms a distribution chamber 8. The fluid automatic distribution structure includes a fixed diverter plate 4, a movable diverter plate 5 and a magnetic attraction component provided between the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate, which are arranged perpendicular to the fluid flow direction. The fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are both arranged horizontally. The fixed diverter plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of first diverter holes 41, and the movable diverter plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of second diverter holes 51. The movable diverter plate is controlled to move relative to the fixed diverter plate by the interaction between the fluid and the magnetic attraction of the magnetic attraction component to control the connection or closing of the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole. The first diverter hole and the second diverter hole have the same flow direction as the flow channel in the heat exchange core.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the fixed diverter plate 4 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the shell near the fluid inlet side by the welding part 45, the movable diverter plate is arranged on the side near the heat exchange core, the collecting cavity is formed between the fixed diverter plate and the fluid inlet, and the distribution cavity is formed between the movable diverter plate and the heat exchange core; the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are staggered; in the initial state, the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are attached to each other through the magnetic attraction component, and the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are in a closed state; as shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when the fluid is in the automatic distribution state, the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are separated, and the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are connected.

[0039] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the fixed diverter plate is provided with at least two limiting holes 42, and the side of the movable diverter plate that is in contact with the fixed diverter plate is provided with a limiting member 52 that is adapted to the limiting hole; the magnetic attraction component includes a first magnetic attraction member 421 provided on the inner wall of the limiting hole and a second magnetic attraction member 521 provided on the limiting member, and the magnetic poles of the first magnetic attraction member and the second magnetic attraction member are opposite; Figure 2 As shown, in the initial state, the movable diverter plate fits with the fixed diverter plate after the limiting member passes through the limiting hole; a limiting baffle 53 is provided on the top of the portion of the limiting member passing through the limiting hole, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the limit baffle 53 is fixed on the limit member 52 by screws 531, the limit member is a conical surface member, and the limit hole is a conical hole; Figure 4 As shown, when the fluid is automatically distributed, the limiting member of the movable diverter plate is separated from the limiting hole, the limiting baffle abuts against the fixed diverter plate, the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are separated, and the first diverter hole is connected to the second diverter hole.

[0040] Since the magnetic poles of the movable splitter plate and the fixed splitter plate are opposite, in the initial state, the movable splitter plate and the fixed splitter plate are tightly attached to each other under the action of magnetic attraction ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 state).

[0041] When the hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution of the present embodiment is applied to heat exchange of gas medium, the gas medium flows into the collecting chamber 7 through the fluid inlet 3, the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate are tightly fitted to achieve sealing, and the gas medium diffuses from the center of the collecting chamber 7 to the surroundings. When the gas medium fills the collecting chamber 7 and the gas pressure is greater than the difference between the magnetic attraction force and the gravity of the movable diverter plate, the movable diverter plate moves downward under the action of the force, and the gas medium passes through the first diverter hole 41 of the fixed diverter plate and the second diverter hole 51 of the movable diverter plate in turn, and is evenly distributed into the distribution chamber 8 and then into the heat exchange core 2 ( Figure 3 and Figure 4 state). The uneven distribution of gas in the collecting chamber 7 causes the pressure to decrease. When the gas pressure is less than the difference between the magnetic attraction and the gravity of the movable diverter plate, the movable diverter plate moves upward and the gas is sealed in the collecting chamber 7. When the gas in the collecting chamber 7 is evenly distributed and the pressure is again greater than the difference between the magnetic attraction and the gravity of the movable diverter plate, the movable diverter plate moves downward again under the action of the force to achieve uniform distribution of the gas medium.

[0042] When the hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution of this embodiment is applied to heat exchange of liquid medium, the liquid medium flows into the collecting chamber 7 through the fluid inlet 3, and the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate are tightly fitted to achieve sealing. The liquid medium flows from the center to the surroundings in the collecting chamber 7. When the liquid medium fills the collecting chamber 7 and the liquid gravity pressure is greater than the difference between the magnetic attraction force and the gravity of the movable diverter plate, the movable diverter plate moves downward under the action of the force, and the liquid medium passes through the first diverter hole 41 of the fixed diverter plate and the second diverter hole 51 of the movable diverter plate successively, and then is evenly distributed into the distribution chamber 7 and then into the heat exchange core 2. The reduction of liquid in the collecting chamber 7 leads to a decrease in gravity. When the liquid gravity is less than the difference between the magnetic attraction force and the gravity of the movable diverter plate, the movable diverter plate moves upward, and the liquid is sealed in the collecting chamber 7. When the liquid gravity in the collecting chamber 7 is again greater than the difference between the magnetic attraction force and the gravity of the movable diverter plate, the movable diverter plate moves downward again under the action of the force to achieve uniform distribution of the liquid medium.

[0043] Calculation formula:

[0044] When the fluid is gas, the total area of ​​the movable manifold is A1, the flow channel area is A2, the magnetic attraction force F1 between the movable manifold and the fixed manifold when the magnetic attraction force is in close contact, the magnetic attraction force F2 between the movable manifold and the fixed manifold when the magnetic attraction force is at the farthest distance, the gas pressure P, the gas pressure difference ∆P between the two plates in the flow state, the mass m1 of the movable manifold, and the gravity acceleration g. When PA2-F1+m1g>0, the movable manifold moves downward. When ∆P(A1-A2)-F2+m1g<0, the movable manifold moves upward.

[0045] When the fluid is liquid, the total area of ​​the movable diverter plate is A1, the flow channel area is A2, the magnetic attraction force between the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate is F1 when the magnetic attraction force is in close contact with each other, the magnetic attraction force between the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate is F2 when the magnetic attraction force is at the farthest distance, the mass M1 when the collecting chamber 7 is full of liquid, the mass M2 of the liquid at the upper end of the movable plate in the flow state, the mass m1 of the movable diverter plate, and the gravity acceleration g. When (MgA2 / A1)-F1+m1g>0, the movable diverter plate moves downward. When M2g(A1-A2) / A1-F2+m1g<0, the movable diverter plate moves upward.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution, including a housing 6 and Fig.10 The heat exchange core 2 shown is provided with a flow channel 1 inside the shell, the shell has a fluid inlet 3, and an automatic fluid distribution structure is provided between the fluid inlet and the heat exchange core, the automatic fluid distribution structure includes a fixed diverter plate 4 and a movable diverter plate 5 arranged perpendicular to the fluid flow direction, the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are both vertically arranged, the fixed diverter plate is evenly provided with a plurality of first diverter holes 41, the movable diverter plate is evenly provided with a plurality of second diverter holes 51, the movable diverter plate can move relative to the fixed diverter plate to control the connection or closing of the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole, and the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole have the same flow direction as the flow channel in the heat exchange core.

[0048] like Figure 8 and Fig.12 As shown, the fixed diverter plate 4 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the shell near the heat exchange core by the welding part 45, the movable diverter plate is arranged on the side near the fluid inlet, the collecting cavity is formed between the movable diverter plate and the fluid inlet, and the distribution cavity is formed between the fixed diverter plate and the heat exchange core; the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are in close contact; in the initial state, the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are staggered; as shown in FIG. Fig. 9As shown, when the fluid is in the automatic distribution state, the movable diverter plate moves along the fitting surface relative to the fixed diverter plate, so that the first diverter holes and the second diverter holes are correspondingly distributed and connected.

[0049] The magnetic attraction component includes a first magnetic attraction component with opposite magnetic poles and a second magnetic attraction component with the same magnetic poles, the first magnetic attraction component is arranged at one end of the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate, and the second magnetic attraction component is arranged at the other end of the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate; in the initial state, the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate are attracted to each other at one end close to the first magnetic attraction component under the action of attraction, and the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate are separated at one end close to the second magnetic attraction component under the action of repulsion; in the automatic fluid distribution state, under the interaction of the fluid, the first magnetic attraction component and the second magnetic attraction component, the movable diverter plate moves relative to the fixed diverter plate along the fitting surface, so that the end close to the first magnetic attraction component is separated and the end close to the second magnetic attraction component is fitted, so that the first diversion hole and the second diversion hole are relatively distributed.

[0050] like Figure 8 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the first L-shaped plate 43 and the second L-shaped plate 44 are relatively provided on one side of the two ends of the fixed diverter plate close to the fluid inlet, and the first rib plate 54 and the second rib plate 55 are respectively vertically provided on the two ends of the movable diverter plate in the direction close to the fluid inlet, and the lengths of the first rib plate and the second rib plate are consistent with the inner wall lengths of the first L-shaped plate and the second L-shaped plate, so that the movable diverter plate is embedded between the first L-shaped plate and the second L-shaped plate and can move in the space, the first magnetic attraction component includes a third magnetic attraction member 431 provided on the first L-shaped plate and a fourth magnetic attraction member 541 provided on the first rib plate, and the magnetic poles of the third magnetic attraction member and the fourth magnetic attraction member are opposite; the second magnetic attraction component includes a fifth magnetic attraction member 441 provided on the second L-shaped plate and a sixth magnetic attraction member 551 provided on the second rib plate, and the magnetic poles of the fifth magnetic attraction member and the sixth magnetic attraction member are the same.

[0051] Since the third magnetic attraction member 431 of the movable splitter plate has opposite magnetic poles to the fourth magnetic attraction member 541 of the fixed splitter plate, the sixth magnetic attraction member 551 of the movable splitter plate has the same magnetic pole as the fifth magnetic attraction member 441 of the fixed splitter plate. In the initial state, the top of the movable splitter plate is tightly attached to the fixed splitter plate under the action of magnetic attraction, and the bottom of the movable splitter plate is separated from the fixed splitter plate under the action of magnetic repulsion ( Figure 8state), and the two plate flow channels are misaligned. When the liquid medium flows into the collecting chamber 7 through the fluid inlet 3, the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate are tightly fitted to achieve sealing, and the liquid medium flows from the top to the bottom in the collecting chamber 7. When the liquid medium fills the collecting chamber 7, and the pressure of the liquid on the movable diverter plate is greater than the difference between the sum of the magnetic attraction and the buoyancy of the movable diverter plate and the gravity of the movable diverter plate, the movable diverter plate moves downward under the action of the force, and the first diverter hole 41 and the second diverter hole 51 are connected ( Fig. 9 The liquid medium passes through the second diverter hole 51 of the movable diverter plate and the first diverter hole 41 of the fixed diverter plate, and then is evenly distributed into the distribution chamber 8 and then into the heat exchange core 2. The liquid medium in the collection chamber 7 decreases, resulting in a decrease in gravity. When the pressure of the liquid medium on the movable diverter plate is less than the difference between the sum of the magnetic attraction and the buoyancy of the movable diverter plate and the gravity of the movable diverter plate, the movable diverter plate moves upward, and the liquid is sealed in the collection chamber 7, and the recovery is restored. Figure 8 When the pressure of the liquid in the collecting chamber 7 on the movable diverter plate is again greater than the difference between the sum of the magnetic attraction force and the buoyancy of the movable diverter plate and the gravity of the movable diverter plate, the movable diverter plate moves downward again under the action of the force, presenting a Fig. 9 state to achieve uniform distribution of liquid medium fluid.

[0052] Calculation formula:

[0053] The area A of the second rib 55 of the movable diverter plate, the total magnetic attraction F between the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate, the height h1 when the collecting chamber 7 is full of liquid medium, the height h2 of the liquid at the upper end of the movable diverter plate in the flow state, the liquid density ρ, the mass M of the movable diverter plate, and the buoyancy F of the movable diverter plate f , gravitational acceleration g, when ρgh1A+Mg -F- F f >0, the active diverter plate moves downward. f <0, fixed diverter plate upward.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] like Fig.13 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution, including a shell and a heat exchange core 2 arranged inside the shell and provided with a flow channel, the flow channel includes a first medium flow channel and a second medium flow channel that are independent of each other, and a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet are provided on the shell, the fluid inlet includes a first medium fluid inlet 31 and a second medium fluid inlet 32, and the fluid outlet includes a first medium fluid outlet 33 and a second medium fluid outlet 34, the first medium fluid inlet and the first medium fluid outlet are connected to the first medium flow channel, and the second medium fluid inlet and the second medium fluid outlet are connected to the second medium flow channel.

[0056] In this embodiment, automatic fluid distribution structures as shown in Example 1 are respectively arranged between the first medium fluid inlet 31 and the heat exchange core 2 and between the second medium fluid inlet 32 ​​and the heat exchange core 2. The specific structure and working principle are exactly the same as those in Example 1, and are not described again here.

[0057] like Fig.13 As shown, when the hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution of this embodiment is applied to heat exchange between liquid and gas, the liquid enters from the first medium fluid inlet 31, passes through the automatic fluid distribution structure, passes through the first medium flow channel of the heat exchange core 2, and flows out through the first medium fluid outlet 33; the gas enters from the second medium fluid inlet 32, passes through the automatic fluid distribution structure, enters the second medium flow channel of the heat exchange core 2, and is discharged through the second medium fluid outlet 34. The liquid and gas in the first medium flow channel and the second medium flow channel in the heat exchange core 2 are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other.

[0058] like Fig.13 As shown, when the hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution of this embodiment is applied to heat exchange between gases, the first gas enters from the first medium fluid inlet 31, passes through the automatic fluid distribution structure, passes through the first medium flow channel of the heat exchange core 2, and flows out through the first medium fluid outlet 33; the second gas enters from the second medium fluid inlet 32, passes through the automatic fluid distribution structure, enters the second medium flow channel of the heat exchange core 2, and is discharged through the second medium fluid outlet 34. The first gas and the second gas in the first medium flow channel and the second medium flow channel in the heat exchange core 2 are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] like Fig.14 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution, including a shell and a heat exchange core 2 arranged inside the shell and provided with a flow channel, the flow channel includes a first medium flow channel and a second medium flow channel that are independent of each other, and a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet are provided on the shell, the fluid inlet includes a first medium fluid inlet 31 and a second medium fluid inlet 32, and the fluid outlet includes a first medium fluid outlet 33 and a second medium fluid outlet 34, the first medium fluid inlet and the first medium fluid outlet are connected to the first medium flow channel, and the second medium fluid inlet and the second medium fluid outlet are connected to the second medium flow channel.

[0061] In this embodiment, an automatic fluid distribution structure as shown in Example 1 is arranged between the first medium fluid inlet 31 and the heat exchange core 2, and an automatic fluid distribution structure as shown in Example 2 is arranged between the second medium fluid inlet 32 ​​and the heat exchange core 2. The specific structure and its working principle are shown in Examples 1 and 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0062] In the hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution of this embodiment, the first medium fluid inlet 31 can be suitable for liquid or gas, and the second medium fluid inlet 32 ​​is suitable for liquid.

[0063] like Fig.13 As shown, when the hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution of this embodiment is applied to heat exchange between liquid and gas, the gas enters from the first medium fluid inlet 31, passes through the automatic fluid distribution structure, passes through the first medium flow channel of the heat exchange core 2, and flows out through the first medium fluid outlet 33; the liquid enters the second medium flow channel of the heat exchange core 2 from the second medium fluid inlet 32, passes through the automatic fluid distribution structure, and is discharged through the second medium fluid outlet 34. The gas and liquid in the first medium flow channel and the second medium flow channel in the heat exchange core 2 are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other.

[0064] like Fig.13 As shown, when the hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution of this embodiment is applied to heat exchange between liquids, the first liquid enters from the first medium fluid inlet 31, passes through the automatic fluid distribution structure, passes through the first medium flow channel of the heat exchange core 2, and flows out through the first medium fluid outlet 33; the second liquid enters from the second medium fluid inlet 32, passes through the automatic fluid distribution structure, enters the second medium flow channel of the heat exchange core 2, and is discharged through the second medium fluid outlet 34. The first liquid and the second liquid in the first medium flow channel and the second medium flow channel in the heat exchange core 2 are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other.

[0065] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution, characterized in that: The invention comprises a heat exchange core (2) having a flow channel (1) therein, the hydrogen cooling device having a fluid inlet (3), an automatic fluid distribution structure being arranged between the fluid inlet and the heat exchange core, the automatic fluid distribution structure comprising a fixed diverter plate (4) and a movable diverter plate (5) arranged perpendicular to the fluid flow direction, the fixed diverter plate being evenly provided with a plurality of first diverter holes (41), the movable diverter plate being evenly provided with a plurality of second diverter holes (51), the movable diverter plate being movable relative to the fixed diverter plate to control the connection or closing of the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole, the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole having the same flow direction as the flow channel in the heat exchange core; the automatic fluid distribution structure further comprises a magnetic attraction component arranged between the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate, the magnetic attraction component being arranged between the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate, The fixed diverter plate is provided with at least two limiting holes (42), and a limiting member (52) adapted to the limiting hole is provided on a side of the movable diverter plate that is in contact with the fixed diverter plate; the magnetic attraction component comprises a first magnetic attraction member (421) provided on the inner wall of the limiting hole and a second magnetic attraction member (521) provided on the limiting member, and the magnetic poles of the first magnetic attraction member and the second magnetic attraction member are opposite; in an initial state, the movable diverter plate is in contact with the fixed diverter plate after passing through the limiting hole through the limiting member; a limiting baffle (53) is provided on the top of the portion of the limiting member that passes through the limiting hole, and in an automatic fluid distribution state, the limiting member of the movable diverter plate is separated from the limiting hole, the limiting baffle is in contact with the fixed diverter plate, the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are separated, and the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are connected.

2. The hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution also includes a shell (6), the fluid inlet is arranged on the shell, the automatic fluid distribution structure and the heat exchange core are arranged in the shell, the space between the automatic fluid distribution structure and the fluid inlet forms a collecting chamber (7), and the space between the automatic fluid distribution structure and the heat exchange core forms a distribution chamber (8).

3. The hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The fixed diverter plate is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the shell on the side close to the fluid inlet, the movable diverter plate is arranged on the side close to the heat exchange core, the collecting chamber is formed between the fixed diverter plate and the fluid inlet, and the distribution chamber is formed between the movable diverter plate and the heat exchange core; the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are staggered; in the initial state, the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are attached to each other through the magnetic attraction component, and the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are in a closed state; in the automatic fluid distribution state, the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are separated, and the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are connected.

4. The hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The fixed diverter plate is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the shell on one side close to the heat exchange core, the movable diverter plate is arranged on the side close to the fluid inlet, the collecting chamber is formed between the movable diverter plate and the fluid inlet, and the distribution chamber is formed between the fixed diverter plate and the heat exchange core; the fixed diverter plate and the movable diverter plate are in contact with each other; in the initial state, the first diverter holes and the second diverter holes are staggered; in the automatic fluid distribution state, the movable diverter plate moves along the contact surface relative to the fixed diverter plate, so that the first diverter holes and the second diverter holes are correspondingly distributed and connected.

5. The hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow channel comprises a first medium flow channel and a second medium flow channel which are independent of each other, the fluid inlet comprises a first medium fluid inlet (31) and a second medium fluid inlet (32), and the first medium fluid inlet is connected to the first medium flow channel.

6. The hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution according to claim 5, characterized in that: An automatic fluid distribution structure is provided between at least one of the first medium fluid inlet and the second medium fluid inlet and the heat exchange core.

7. A hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution, characterized in that: The invention comprises a heat exchange core (2) having a flow channel (1) therein, the hydrogen cooling device having a fluid inlet (3), an automatic fluid distribution structure being arranged between the fluid inlet and the heat exchange core, the automatic fluid distribution structure comprising a fixed flow divider plate (4) and a movable flow divider plate (5) arranged perpendicular to the fluid flow direction, the fixed flow divider plate being evenly provided with a plurality of first flow divider holes (41), the movable flow divider plate being evenly provided with a plurality of second flow divider holes (51), the movable flow divider plate being movable relative to the fixed flow divider plate to control the connection or closing of the first flow divider holes and the second flow divider holes, the first flow divider holes and the second flow divider holes having the same flow direction as the flow channel in the heat exchange core; the automatic fluid distribution structure further comprises a magnetic attraction component arranged between the fixed flow divider plate and the movable flow divider plate, the magnetic attraction component The component comprises a first magnetic attraction component with opposite magnetic poles and a second magnetic attraction component with the same magnetic poles, the first magnetic attraction component is arranged at one end of the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate, and the second magnetic attraction component is arranged at the other end of the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate; in the initial state, the ends of the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate close to the first magnetic attraction component are attracted to each other under the action of attraction, and the ends of the movable diverter plate and the fixed diverter plate close to the second magnetic attraction component are separated under the action of repulsion; in the automatic fluid distribution state, under the interaction of the fluid, the first magnetic attraction component and the second magnetic attraction component, the movable diverter plate moves along the fitting surface relative to the fixed diverter plate, so that the end close to the first magnetic attraction component is separated and the end close to the second magnetic attraction component is fitted, so that the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are relatively distributed.

8. The hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first L-shaped plate (43) and a second L-shaped plate (44) are arranged opposite to each other on one side close to the fluid inlet at both ends of the fixed diverter plate, and a first rib plate (54) and a second rib plate (55) are respectively arranged perpendicularly along the direction close to the fluid inlet at both ends of the movable diverter plate, and the lengths of the first rib plate and the second rib plate are consistent with the lengths of the inner walls of the first L-shaped plate and the second L-shaped plate, so that the movable diverter plate is embedded between the first L-shaped plate and the second L-shaped plate and can move in the space, the first magnetic attraction component comprises a third magnetic attraction member (431) arranged on the first L-shaped plate and a fourth magnetic attraction member (541) arranged on the first rib plate, and the magnetic poles of the third magnetic attraction member and the fourth magnetic attraction member are opposite; the second magnetic attraction component comprises a fifth magnetic attraction member (441) arranged on the second L-shaped plate and a sixth magnetic attraction member (551) arranged on the second rib plate, and the magnetic poles of the fifth magnetic attraction member and the sixth magnetic attraction member are the same.

9. The hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flow channel comprises a first medium flow channel and a second medium flow channel which are independent of each other, and the fluid inlet comprises a first medium fluid inlet (31) and a second medium fluid inlet (32), the first medium fluid inlet is connected to the first medium flow channel, and the second medium fluid inlet is connected to the second medium flow channel.

10. The hydrogen cooling device with automatic fluid distribution according to claim 9, characterized in that: An automatic fluid distribution structure is provided between at least one of the first medium fluid inlet and the second medium fluid inlet and the heat exchange core.

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