Magnetic switch capacitor detection and early warning method and system based on self-learning

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of magnetically controlled switch technology, specifically to a magnetically controlled switch capacitance detection and early warning method and system based on self-learning, including obtaining factory detection data of the magnetically controlled switch, establishing a standard data table based on self-learning; when the magnetically controlled switch actually installed and used is closed, obtaining the maximum current value of the magnetically controlled switch coil when it is closed, and detecting the actual temperature of the current environment of the magnetically controlled switch; querying the temperature index value of the established standard data table according to the actual temperature, comparing the maximum current value with the current peak value data of the standard data table, and issuing a capacitor aging alarm based on the comparison result. Based on the current peak value data of the factory detection of the magnetically controlled switch based on self-learning, a standard data table is established with the ambient temperature as the index value, and by detecting the maximum value of the coil current during the closing process of the magnetically controlled switch, the corresponding standard current peak value is directly compared with the threshold value, so as to realize the detection of the capacitor aging problem when the magnetically controlled switch is actually used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of magnetically controlled switches, and in particular to a magnetically controlled switch capacitance detection and early warning method and system based on self-learning. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, magnetic switches have been widely used in the field of distribution networks due to their excellent fast response characteristics and low power consumption. However, some problems have gradually emerged during the use of magnetic switches. Among them, electrolytic capacitors are key components for power storage of magnetic switches. Because the temperature and humidity environment in which they are located is usually relatively harsh, they have become one of the most vulnerable links in the magnetic switch system.

[0003] At present, the magnetically controlled switches used in the distribution network, whether they are pole switches installed on poles or box switches used for ring network power supply, generally adopt a configuration method of multiple electrolytic capacitors in parallel. Although this design improves the energy storage capacity of the system to a certain extent, as long as one of the electrolytic capacitors is damaged, the entire switch system may face the risk of failure. At the same time, the electrolytic capacitor will gradually age during long-term operation, and its capacitance will gradually decrease. Although this decrease in capacity may not immediately cause system failure in the short term, over time, the aging of the capacitor may cause inaccurate or failed switching operations. Once the switch fails, it may trigger a series of power accidents, posing a threat to the stability and safety of the entire distribution network. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning method based on self-learning, comprising:

[0005] S1. Obtain factory inspection data of magnetic control switches and establish a standard data table based on self-learning;

[0006] S101, perform factory inspection on the magnetic control switch, and test the peak value of the coil closing current of the magnetic control switch under different ambient temperatures by setting different temperature environments;

[0007] S102, perform multiple tests on the same ambient temperature for a preset number of tests, obtain multiple sets of current peak values ​​for error calculation and automatically filter and eliminate, add new test data to obtain the average value of multiple sets of current peak values ​​at the ambient temperature; perform multiple tests on different ambient temperatures to obtain the average current peak value of the coil at different ambient temperatures;

[0008] S103, taking the average current peak value at each ambient temperature as factory inspection data, taking the ambient temperature as an index value, and establishing a standard data table with the average current peak data corresponding to each ambient temperature;

[0009] S2. When the magnetic control switch actually installed and used is closed, the maximum current value when the magnetic control switch coil is closed is obtained, and the actual temperature of the current environment of the magnetic control switch is detected;

[0010] S3. Query the temperature index value of the established standard data table according to the actual temperature, compare the maximum current value with the current peak value data in the standard data table, and issue a capacitor aging alarm based on the comparison result.

[0011] In S102, multiple groups of current peak values ​​are obtained to perform error calculation and automatically screen and eliminate them. The specific method is as follows:

[0012] Based on the predicted number of tests, the coil closing of the magnetic control switch is tested several times at the same ambient temperature, and the current peak value during each test is recorded;

[0013] The current peak value obtained from each test is processed with the current peak value of the previous test respectively. If the error value of the two tests is greater than the preset threshold, the current peak value of this test is marked;

[0014] When the coil closing test of the magnetically controlled switch reaches the preset number of tests under the same ambient temperature, the number of current peaks marked in the test data is obtained. If the number of marks is greater than or equal to the marking number threshold, the test data at the ambient temperature is deleted and re-collected; if the number of marks is less than the marking number threshold and is not 0, the marked data is discarded and the test data corresponding to the number of discards is re-collected until there is no marked test data in the preset number of tests, and the average value is taken.

[0015] The standard data table established in S103 also includes the current peak value after the capacitor capacity is reduced at different ambient temperatures.

[0016] In a specific implementation manner, the current peak value after the capacitor capacity is reduced is a threshold value of the current peak value after capacitor aging.

[0017] In S3, the maximum current value is compared with the standard data in the standard data table. The specific operation is as follows:

[0018] S301, determining the temperature index value of the standard data table according to the actual temperature, if the actual temperature is any ambient temperature in the standard data table, then comparing it with the current peak value and threshold value under the ambient temperature; if the actual temperature is between the two ambient temperatures in the standard data table, then performing S302 operation;

[0019] S302, respectively obtain the current peak value and threshold value under two ambient temperatures, calculate the standard current peak value and standard threshold value under the actual temperature value according to the actual temperature, ambient temperature 1, and ambient temperature 2, and compare them with the maximum current value. If the maximum current value is less than the calculated standard threshold value, a capacitor aging alarm is issued.

[0020] In a specific implementation, the calculation formula of the standard current peak is:

[0021] ,

[0022] in, If is the standard current peak value; temp is the actual temperature, temp 1 is the ambient temperature, temp 2 is the ambient temperature 2; If 1 represents the current peak value at ambient temperature 1, If 2 represents the current peak value at ambient temperature 2.

[0023] The standard threshold value calculation formula is:

[0024] ,

[0025] in, If’ is the standard threshold value; temp is the actual temperature, temp 1 is the ambient temperature, temp 2 is the ambient temperature 2; If1’ Indicates the threshold value of ambient temperature 1, If2’ Indicates the threshold value of ambient temperature 2.

[0026] The magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning method also includes obtaining the current peak occurrence time data during the factory inspection of the magnetically controlled switch, establishing a standard data table based on self-learning with the ambient temperature as the index value, and establishing the average current peak occurrence time corresponding to each ambient temperature, and comparing it with the actual current maximum value when the magnetically controlled switch coil is closed to issue a capacitor aging alarm.

[0027] On the other hand, a magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning system based on self-learning is provided, comprising:

[0028] A self-learning module is used to obtain factory inspection data of the magnetic control switch and establish a standard data table based on self-learning; perform factory inspection on the magnetic control switch, and test the coil closing current peak value of the magnetic control switch at different ambient temperatures by setting different temperature environments; perform multiple tests on the same ambient temperature for a preset number of tests, obtain multiple groups of current peak values ​​for error calculation and automatic screening and elimination, and fill in new test data to obtain the average value of multiple groups of current peak values ​​at the ambient temperature; perform multiple tests on different ambient temperatures to obtain the average current peak value of the coil closing at different ambient temperatures; use the average current peak value at each ambient temperature as the factory inspection data, use the ambient temperature as the index value, and establish a standard data table with the corresponding average current peak value data at each ambient temperature;

[0029] The detection module is used to obtain the maximum current when the magnetic control switch coil is closed when the magnetic control switch actually installed and used is closed, and to detect the actual temperature of the current environment of the magnetic control switch;

[0030] The comparison alarm module is used to query the temperature index value of the established standard data table according to the actual temperature, compare the maximum current with the current peak data in the standard data table, and issue a capacitor aging alarm based on the comparison result.

[0031] The beneficial effect lies in that: the present invention is a magnetically controlled switch capacitance detection and early warning method based on self-learning. Based on the current peak data of the factory detection of the magnetically controlled switch, a standard data table is established with the ambient temperature as the index value. The capacitance of the magnetically controlled switch is positively monotonically related to the current value of the coil when it is closed, so as to detect the capacitance aging problem during the actual use of the magnetically controlled switch. By detecting the maximum value of the coil current during the closing process of the magnetically controlled switch, and collecting the actual temperature, mapping the corresponding temperature range in the standard data table, and directly comparing the corresponding standard current peak value with the threshold value, the method is simple and avoids complicated calculation and processing processes, thereby confirming whether the magnetically controlled switch capacitance is aged and whether the coil is abnormal, and timely identifying the hidden danger state to realize early warning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is the waveform of the closing current of the magnetically controlled switch;

[0033] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of a magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning method based on self-learning. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] See also Figure 1 It is the closing current waveform of the magnetically controlled switch. The closing pulse width is controlled to 40ms in the figure. The three moments T0, T1 and T2 are marked in the figure, which represent the starting point of the current, the maximum current point and the current depression point respectively. In the closing process of the magnetically controlled switch, it is actually the process of releasing the stored energy of the internal capacitor of the magnetically controlled switch to the coil and converting it into magnetic energy. The waveform consists of two continuous convex waves. Assuming that the starting point of the current is the initial moment, T0=0, then Δt1=T1, Δt2=T2, where T1 is the moment when the first peak in the waveform reaches the moment, and T2 is the depression moment between the first convex wave and the second convex wave, which essentially represents the moment when the moving iron core contacts the static iron core, that is, the moment when the core magnetic circuit changes from open loop to closed loop, after which the coil inductance suddenly changes. The waveform before T1 in the closing process is a non-oscillating damping attenuation process. Based on this, it can be seen that the capacitance of the magnetically controlled switch is monotonically related to the maximum current and its occurrence time, that is, the larger the capacitance, the larger the maximum value of the coil current, and the later the occurrence time.

[0036] This embodiment provides a magnetic control switch capacitance detection and early warning method based on self-learning, performs factory detection on the magnetic control switch to obtain factory data, compares the original factory data of the magnetic control switch with the electrical data during actual installation and use, and determines the capacitance change of the magnetic control switch. Figure 2 As shown, the specific implementation steps of the method are as follows:

[0037] S1. Obtain factory inspection data of magnetic control switches and establish a standard data table based on self-learning;

[0038] S101, perform factory inspection on the magnetic control switch, by setting different temperature environments, and testing the peak value of the coil closing current of the magnetic control switch at different ambient temperatures, which is specifically:

[0039] According to the specific installation environment of the magnetic switch, the ambient temperature range is determined to be -40℃~70℃;

[0040] Determine the temperature interval based on the ambient temperature range, and perform coil closing detection on the magnetic control switch at different ambient temperatures according to the temperature interval;

[0041] In this embodiment, the temperature interval is set to 10° C., that is, the coil closing detection is performed at the corresponding ambient temperature every 10° C. to obtain the current peak value.

[0042] S102, perform multiple tests on the same ambient temperature for a preset number of tests, obtain multiple sets of current peak values ​​for error calculation and automatically filter and eliminate, add new test data to obtain the average value of multiple sets of current peak values ​​at the ambient temperature; perform multiple tests on different ambient temperatures to obtain the average current peak value of the coil at different ambient temperatures;

[0043] In the same ambient temperature data test collection process, the acquisition of multiple sets of current peak values ​​for error calculation and automatic screening and elimination, and the addition of new test data to obtain the average value of multiple sets of current peak values ​​at the ambient temperature specifically include:

[0044] Based on the predicted number of tests, the coil closing of the magnetic control switch is tested several times at the same ambient temperature, and the current peak value during each test is recorded;

[0045] The current peak value obtained from each test is processed with the current peak value of the previous test respectively. If the error value of the two tests is greater than the preset threshold, the current peak value of this test is marked;

[0046] When the coil closing test of the magnetically controlled switch reaches the preset number of tests at the same ambient temperature, the number of current peaks marked in the test data is obtained. If the number of marks is greater than or equal to the marking number threshold, the test data at the ambient temperature is deleted and re-collected, indicating that there are data with large errors, which may be due to uneven temperature in the temperature chamber or other misoperations. If the number of marks is less than the marking number threshold and is not 0, the marked data is discarded and the test data corresponding to the number of discards is re-collected until there is no marked test data in the preset number of tests, and the average value is taken.

[0047] S103 , taking the average current peak value at each ambient temperature as factory inspection data, taking the ambient temperature as an index value, and establishing a standard data table with the average current peak value data corresponding to each ambient temperature.

[0048] At the same time, because the capacity of the capacitor of the magnetically controlled switch changes with temperature, a certain margin will be left for the capacitor when designing the circuit of the magnetically controlled switch. The margin is generally increased by more than 30% with reference to the calibration value (representing the capacitance at room temperature). To facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, an example is given first. For example, the normal closing action of the magnetically controlled switch can meet the capacity requirements through 10 electrolytic capacitors. During the actual production welding, 3 electrolytic capacitors will be added, that is, 30% redundancy, which can meet the closing action at high temperature and meet the aging attenuation of certain capacitance capacity in the future. The allowable amount of capacity attenuation of the magnetically controlled switch after long-term operation can be set to 2.

[0049] The standard data table established in S103 also includes the current peak value after the capacitor capacity is reduced under different ambient temperatures. The current peak value after the capacitor capacity is reduced is the threshold value of the current peak value after capacitor aging.

[0050] S2. When the magnetic control switch actually installed and used is closed, the maximum current value when the magnetic control switch coil is closed is obtained, and the actual temperature of the current environment of the magnetic control switch is detected;

[0051] S3. Query the temperature index value of the established standard data table according to the actual temperature, compare the maximum current value with the current peak value data in the standard data table, and issue a capacitor aging alarm based on the comparison result.

[0052] Since the capacitance of the magnetically controlled switch is monotonically positive to the maximum current value, in actual detection, the maximum value of the coil closing current of the magnetically controlled switch can be directly acquired in real time by setting a voltage follower at the front end of the magnetically controlled switch hardware circuit.

[0053] According to the standard data table in S103, the current peak values ​​of all capacitor capacities and the threshold values ​​of the current peak values ​​after capacitor aging are included. The standard data table is shown in Table 1.

[0054] Table 1 Standard data sheet for factory inspection

[0055]

[0056] Query the temperature index value of the established standard data table according to the actual temperature, and compare the maximum current with the standard data in the standard data table. The specific operations are as follows:

[0057] S301, determining a temperature index value of a standard data table according to the actual temperature, and if the actual temperature is any ambient temperature in the standard data table, comparing it with the current peak value and threshold value at the ambient temperature;

[0058] When the maximum current of the magnetic switch coil actually installed and used when it is closed is less than the threshold value, a capacitor aging alarm is issued.

[0059] If the actual temperature is between the two ambient temperatures in the standard data table, proceed to S302;

[0060] S302, respectively obtaining the current peak value and the threshold value under two ambient temperatures, respectively calculating the standard current peak value and the standard threshold value under the actual temperature value according to the actual temperature, ambient temperature 1, and ambient temperature 2, and comparing them with the maximum current value. If the maximum current value is less than the calculated standard threshold value, a capacitor aging alarm is issued;

[0061] The calculation formula of the standard current peak value is:

[0062] ,

[0063] in, If is the standard current peak value; temp is the actual temperature, temp 1 is the ambient temperature, temp 2 is the ambient temperature 2; If 1 represents the current peak value at ambient temperature 1, If 2 represents the current peak value at ambient temperature 2.

[0064] Similarly, the current peak value after reducing the capacitance, that is, the standard threshold value calculation formula of the current peak value after the capacitor ages is:

[0065] ,

[0066] in, If’ is the standard threshold value; temp is the actual temperature, temp 1 is the ambient temperature, temp 2 is the ambient temperature 2; If1’ Indicates the threshold value of ambient temperature 1, If2’ Indicates the threshold value of ambient temperature 2.

[0067] In another embodiment, because the capacitance of the magnetically controlled switch is monotonically related to the maximum current value and its occurrence time, the magnetically controlled switch capacitance detection and early warning method also includes obtaining the current peak occurrence time data during the factory inspection of the magnetically controlled switch, establishing a standard data table based on self-learning with the ambient temperature as the index value, and using the average current peak occurrence time corresponding to each ambient temperature to compare with the actual current maximum value occurrence time when the magnetically controlled switch coil is closed to issue a capacitor aging alarm.

[0068] In addition, a magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning system based on self-learning is provided, including:

[0069] A self-learning module is used to obtain factory inspection data of the magnetic control switch and establish a standard data table based on self-learning; perform factory inspection on the magnetic control switch, and test the coil closing current peak value of the magnetic control switch at different ambient temperatures by setting different temperature environments; perform multiple tests on the same ambient temperature for a preset number of tests, obtain multiple groups of current peak values ​​for error calculation and automatic screening and elimination, and fill in new test data to obtain the average value of multiple groups of current peak values ​​at the ambient temperature; perform multiple tests on different ambient temperatures to obtain the average current peak value of the coil closing at different ambient temperatures; use the average current peak value at each ambient temperature as the factory inspection data, use the ambient temperature as the index value, and establish a standard data table with the corresponding average current peak value data at each ambient temperature;

[0070] The detection module is used to obtain the maximum current when the magnetic control switch coil is closed when the magnetic control switch actually installed and used is closed, and to detect the actual temperature of the current environment of the magnetic control switch;

[0071] The comparison alarm module is used to query the temperature index value of the established standard data table according to the actual temperature, compare the maximum current with the current peak data in the standard data table, and issue a capacitor aging alarm based on the comparison result.

Claims

1. A magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning method based on self-learning, characterized in that: include: S1. Obtain factory inspection data of magnetic control switches and establish a standard data table based on self-learning; S101, perform factory inspection on the magnetic control switch, and test the peak value of the coil closing current of the magnetic control switch under different ambient temperatures by setting different temperature environments; S102, perform multiple tests on the same ambient temperature for a preset number of tests, obtain multiple sets of current peak values ​​for error calculation and automatically filter and eliminate, add new test data to obtain the average value of multiple sets of current peak values ​​at the ambient temperature; perform multiple tests on different ambient temperatures to obtain the average current peak value of the coil at different ambient temperatures; S103, taking the average current peak value at each ambient temperature as factory inspection data, taking the ambient temperature as an index value, and establishing a standard data table with the average current peak data corresponding to each ambient temperature; The established standard data table also includes the current peak value after the capacitor capacity is reduced at different ambient temperatures, and the current peak value after the capacitor capacity is reduced is the threshold value of the current peak value after capacitor aging; S2. When the magnetic control switch actually installed and used is closed, the maximum current value when the magnetic control switch coil is closed is obtained, and the actual temperature of the current environment of the magnetic control switch is detected; S3. Query the temperature index value of the established standard data table according to the actual temperature, compare the maximum current with the current peak data in the standard data table, and issue a capacitor aging alarm based on the comparison result. The specific operations are as follows: S301, determining the temperature index value of the standard data table according to the actual temperature, if the actual temperature is any ambient temperature in the standard data table, then comparing it with the current peak value and threshold value under the ambient temperature; if the actual temperature is between the two ambient temperatures in the standard data table, then performing S302 operation; S302, respectively obtaining the current peak value and the threshold value under two ambient temperatures, respectively calculating the standard current peak value and the standard threshold value under the actual temperature value according to the actual temperature, ambient temperature 1, and ambient temperature 2, and comparing them with the maximum current value. If the maximum current value is less than the calculated standard threshold value, a capacitor aging alarm is issued; It also includes obtaining the current peak occurrence time data during the factory inspection of the magnetic control switch, establishing a standard data table based on self-learning with the ambient temperature as the index value, and the average current peak occurrence time corresponding to each ambient temperature, and comparing it with the actual current maximum value when the magnetic control switch coil is closed to issue a capacitor aging alarm.

2. The magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning method based on self-learning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S102, multiple groups of current peak values ​​are obtained to perform error calculation and automatically screen and eliminate them. The specific method is as follows: Based on the predicted number of tests, the coil closing of the magnetic control switch is tested several times at the same ambient temperature, and the current peak value during each test is recorded; The current peak value obtained from each test is processed with the current peak value of the previous test respectively. If the error value of the two tests is greater than the preset threshold, the current peak value of this test is marked; When the coil closing test of the magnetic switch at the same ambient temperature reaches the preset test times, the number of current peaks marked in the test data is obtained. If the number of marks is greater than or equal to the marking times threshold, the test data at the ambient temperature is deleted and re-collected; If the number of marks is less than the marking threshold and is not 0, the marked data is removed and the test data corresponding to the number of removals is recollected until there is no marked test data in the preset number of tests, and the average value is taken.

3. The magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning method based on self-learning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the standard current peak value is: ， in, If is the standard current peak value; temp is the actual temperature, temp 1 is the ambient temperature, temp 2 is the ambient temperature 2; If 1 represents the current peak value at ambient temperature 1, If 2 represents the current peak value at ambient temperature 2.

4. The magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning method based on self-learning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The standard threshold value calculation formula is: ， in, If' is the standard threshold value; temp is the actual temperature, temp 1 is the ambient temperature, temp 2 is the ambient temperature 2; If1' Indicates the threshold value of ambient temperature 1, If2' Indicates the threshold value of ambient temperature 2.

5. A magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning system based on self-learning, wherein the magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning system based on self-learning is applicable to the magnetically controlled switch capacitor detection and early warning method based on self-learning according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: Self-learning module, used to obtain factory inspection data of magnetic control switches and establish a standard data table based on self-learning; Conduct factory inspection on the magnetic control switch, and test the peak value of the coil closing current of the magnetic control switch under different ambient temperatures by setting different temperature environments; The same ambient temperature is tested multiple times with the preset test times, multiple groups of current peak values ​​are obtained for error calculation and automatic screening and elimination, and new test data are added to obtain the average value of multiple groups of current peak values ​​at the ambient temperature; multiple tests are performed at different ambient temperatures to obtain the average current peak value of the coil at different ambient temperatures; The average current peak value at each ambient temperature is used as factory inspection data, and the ambient temperature is used as an index value to establish a standard data table with the average current peak data corresponding to each ambient temperature; The detection module is used to obtain the maximum current when the magnetic control switch coil is closed when the magnetic control switch actually installed and used is closed, and to detect the actual temperature of the current environment of the magnetic control switch; The comparison alarm module is used to query the temperature index value of the established standard data table according to the actual temperature, compare the maximum current with the current peak data in the standard data table, and issue a capacitor aging alarm based on the comparison result.

Images