A permanent magnet synchronous motor based on self-cleaning

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet synchronous motors, and in particular to a self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising a housing and an output shaft; a sliding groove is provided on the output shaft, the sliding groove is an annular structure, a sealing unit is provided on the sliding groove, the sealing unit separates the inside of the housing from the outside, the sealing unit comprises a sealing ring, the sealing ring is slidingly provided on the sliding groove along the extension direction of the sliding groove, the sealing ring is rotationally matched with the output shaft, the sealing ring does not rotate when the output shaft rotates, there is a gap between the sealing ring and the end of the sliding groove, a corrugated sleeve is provided in the gap along the extension direction of the output shaft, one end of the corrugated sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the sealing ring, one end of the corrugated sleeve away from the sealing ring is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding groove, the corrugated sleeve forms a pressurized chamber, and the air pressure in the pressurized chamber is greater than the air pressure of the outside. The present invention avoids the situation that dust enters the housing and mixes with lubricating grease to form oily dirt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet synchronous motors, and in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor based on self-cleaning. Background Art

[0002] Most of the existing permanent magnet synchronous motors currently have a fan inside for heat dissipation, but since they have no cleaning function, a large amount of dust is easily accumulated inside after long-term use, resulting in a short service life of the motor.

[0003] Chinese patent CN111555556B discloses a self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising a casing, a rear end cover installed at the rear end of the casing and having honeycomb air holes, a front end cover installed at the front end of the casing, a stator core fixed on the inner wall of the casing, a rotor core arranged in the center of the casing, a three-phase winding arranged between the rotor core and the stator core, and an output shaft rotatably connected to the front end cover and passing through and fixing the rotor core; a partition plate connected and sealed to the inner wall of the casing is arranged on one side of the casing near the rear end cover, the output shaft passes through the partition plate and is rotatably and sealedly connected to the inner wall of the casing through a bearing, a fan for air supply and heat dissipation is fixed at the end of the output shaft, and a cleaning cylinder connected to the inside of the casing is installed on the outside of the casing, a cleaning mechanism is arranged in the cleaning cylinder, and a heat dissipation end for outputting hot air is arranged at the lower part of the casing.

[0004] The cleaning cylinder mentioned in the above scheme is used to filter air dust for a permanent magnet synchronous motor that uses air cooling to cool down. There is a gap between the output shaft of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the casing of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. After a long period of use, external dust can easily enter the permanent magnet synchronous motor through the gap between the output shaft and the casing of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. In addition, lubricating grease is applied on the output shaft of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. After a long period of use, the lubricating grease will overflow from the gap between the output shaft and the casing. The overflowed grease mixes with external dust to form attached stains on the output shaft. During use, if the stains flow back into the permanent magnet synchronous motor, it will affect the normal operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, a permanent magnet synchronous motor based on self-cleaning is provided. A sealing shell is arranged on the side of the sliding groove away from the output shaft passing through the housing. The sealing shell isolates the position of the stator and the rotor from the outside world. The output shaft passes through the sealing shell and slides with the sealing shell, that is, dust from the outside can only enter the position of the stator and the rotor through the gap between the sealing shell and the output shaft. After the permanent magnet synchronous motor is produced, a pressurized chamber is formed in the corrugated sleeve and is always in a pressurized state. The pressurized state of the pressurized chamber is controlled in real time by a micro pump. The pressurized chamber has a driving effect on the sealing ring sliding in the sliding groove. The sealing ring is pushed to the side of the sliding groove close to the output shaft under the action of the air pressure in the pressurized chamber. The output shaft passing side is the abbreviation of the side of the output shaft passing through the end of the housing. It is worth noting that the sealing ring will not rotate synchronously with the output shaft when the output shaft rotates. In this way, when the output shaft rotates, the sealing ring facilitates the relative rotation of the output shaft. After the dust in the outside air enters through the gap between the housing and the output shaft, it needs to pass through the sealing unit before entering the housing. The entry into the housing described here The inside refers to the dust entering the position where the stator and rotor are set. Since the pressurized chamber is in a pressurized state, the air pressure in the pressurized chamber causes the sealing ring to press one end of the sliding groove. The dust entering the stator and rotor position from the outside needs to pass through the joints between the outer shell and the output shaft, the joints between the sliding ring and the output shaft, the joints between the corrugated sleeve and the output shaft, and the joints between the sealing shell and the output shaft in sequence. In this way, the dust needs to pass through four layers of isolation structure to reach the stator and rotor position. Since the pressurized chamber is in a pressurized state, even after long-term use, the sealing ring Wear occurs between the pressure chamber and the output shaft. Since the pressure chamber is always in a pressurized state, the high pressure in the pressure chamber prevents the external airflow from flowing into the pressure chamber from the gap between the sealing ring and the output shaft. On the contrary, since the pressure chamber is always in a pressurized state, a small amount of high-pressure air in the pressure chamber will overflow from the joint between the output shaft and the sealing ring. In this way, dust cannot enter the pressure chamber at all, thereby ensuring that the external dust is always located outside the pressure chamber. In addition, the relative friction coefficient between the steel sealing ring and the output shaft is small, the wear amount is small, and it is not easy to wear.

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor based on self-cleaning, comprising a shell with a cylindrical structure, in which an output shaft is rotatably arranged along the axis of the shell; the output shaft passes through one end of the shell, and a sliding groove is provided inside the shell along the extension direction of the output shaft, the sliding groove is an annular structure, and a sealing unit is provided on the sliding groove, the sealing unit separates the inside of the shell from the outside, the sealing unit comprises a sealing ring, the sealing ring is slidably arranged on the sliding groove along the extension direction of the sliding groove, the sealing ring is rotatably matched with the output shaft, the sealing ring does not rotate when the output shaft rotates, there is a gap between the sealing ring and the end of the sliding groove, a corrugated sleeve is provided in the gap along the extension direction of the output shaft, one end of the corrugated sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the sealing ring, and the end of the corrugated sleeve away from the sealing ring is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding groove, the corrugated sleeve forms a pressurized chamber, the air pressure in the pressurized chamber is greater than the air pressure outside, the corrugated sleeve is a steel bellows, and the sealing ring is made of steel.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of rotating grooves are evenly distributed on the end face of the sealing ring near the output shaft passing through the end of the housing, the extension direction of the rotating groove is parallel to the axis of the output shaft, a rotating wheel is rotatably arranged in the rotating groove, and the rotating wheel rolls with the end of the sliding groove.

[0008] Preferably, an air injection pipe is connected to the corrugated sleeve, and the air injection pipe extends from the inside of the outer shell to the outside of the outer shell. A micro pump is arranged on the end of the air injection pipe away from the corrugated sleeve. The micro pump injects filtered air into the pressurized chamber through the air injection pipe. An air pressure sensor is arranged in the air injection pipe. The air pressure sensor is preset with a rated air pressure threshold. When the micro pump fills the pressurized chamber with air through the air injection pipe, the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure in the pressurized chamber in real time. When the air pressure reaches the rated air pressure threshold, the micro pump stops running.

[0009] Preferably, the sealing unit includes a sealing shell, which is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer shell, and an annular opening is arranged on the end surface of the sealing shell facing the side where the output shaft passes through the end of the outer shell, and a sealing membrane is provided on the cover on the annular opening, and the outer ring of the sealing membrane is fixedly connected to the annular opening of the sealing shell, and a clamping ring is fixedly arranged on the inner ring side of the sealing membrane, and an annular groove is arranged on the outer ring of the sealing ring, and the clamping ring is clamped in cooperation with the annular groove, and the sealing ring and the sealing shell form a sealing cavity on the periphery of the output shaft, and the sealing cavity is an annular structure, and the pressure in the sealing cavity is lower than the external pressure, and the sealing membrane is made of rubber material.

[0010] Preferably, multiple groups of support units are hinged on the sealing ring, each support unit includes a support rod, a support sleeve is sleeved on the support rod, the support rod and the support sleeve are slidably matched, and the end of the support sleeve away from the support rod is hinged to the sealing shell, and the support rod and the support sleeve jointly support the sealing membrane.

[0011] Preferably, an oil removal unit is provided on one side of the sealing unit, and a plurality of scrapers are provided in the oil removal unit. The scrapers are evenly arranged around the axis of the output shaft, and present an inclined structure when the scrapers are projected onto the output shaft. After the output shaft rotates, the scrapers form an oil removal area on the output shaft, and the lubricating grease attached to the output shaft cannot pass through the oil removal area when the output shaft rotates.

[0012] Preferably, a pressing unit for pressing the scraper is provided on one side of the scraper, and the pressing unit provides pressure on the scraper along the radial direction of the output shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the pressing unit includes a turntable rotatably arranged in the shell, the axis of the turntable is colinear with the axis of the output shaft, a plurality of inclined grooves are evenly opened on the turntable, the inclined grooves correspond to the scrapers one by one, the scrapers extend into the inclined grooves and slide with the inclined grooves, a limit plate is arranged on the scraper to guide the moving direction of the scraper, the limit plate is fixedly connected to the shell, the pressing block is hinged at the end of the turntable, a pressing rod is arranged on the upper part of the pressing block, the pressing block and the pressing rod slide along the length direction of the pressing block, a support plate is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the pressing rod penetrates the support plate along the thickness direction of the support plate and slides with the support plate, an electromagnet is arranged on the side of the support plate facing the upper part of the pressing rod, and the electromagnet has an attraction to the end of the pressing rod away from the pressing block.

[0014] Preferably, there is a gap between one end of the pressing rod away from the pressing block and the support plate, a spring is arranged in the gap along the extension direction of the pressing rod, and both ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the support plate and the end of the pressing rod respectively, and the scraper intermittently contacts the side wall of the output shaft.

[0015] Preferably, a collecting shell is provided in the outer shell. The collecting shell is a tubular structure. The collecting shell is sleeved on the output shaft. The collecting shell is located on the side of the deoiling unit away from the sealing unit. The opening of one end of the collecting shell facing the deoiling unit is smaller than the opening of the other end of the collecting shell away from the deoiling unit. The lubricating grease scraped off by the scraper is discharged into the bottom of the outer shell through the collecting shell.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. A sealing shell is arranged on the side of the sliding groove away from the output shaft passing through the housing. The sealing shell isolates the position of the stator and the rotor from the outside world. The output shaft passes through the sealing shell and slides with the sealing shell, that is, the dust from the outside world can only enter the position of the stator and the rotor through the gap between the sealing shell and the output shaft. After the permanent magnet synchronous motor is produced, a pressurized chamber is formed in the corrugated sleeve and is always in a pressurized state. The pressurized state of the pressurized chamber is controlled in real time by a micro pump. The pressurized chamber after pressurization has a driving effect on the sealing ring sliding in the sliding groove. The sealing ring is pushed to the side of the sliding groove close to the output shaft under the action of the air pressure in the pressurized chamber. The side of the output shaft passing through the end of the housing is the abbreviation of the side of the output shaft passing through the end of the housing. It is worth noting that the sealing ring will not rotate synchronously with the output shaft when the output shaft rotates. In this way, when the output shaft rotates, the sealing ring facilitates the relative rotation of the output shaft. After the dust in the outside air enters through the gap between the housing and the output shaft, it needs to pass through the sealing unit before entering the housing. Here, entering the housing refers to the dust entering the position where the stator and the rotor are arranged. The pressure chamber is in a pressurized state, so the air pressure in the pressure chamber causes the sealing ring to press one end of the sliding groove. Dust from the outside world needs to pass through the joints between the housing and the output shaft, the joints between the sliding ring and the output shaft, the joints between the corrugated sleeve and the output shaft, and the joints between the sealing shell and the output shaft in turn to enter the stator and rotor positions. In this way, dust needs to pass through four layers of isolation structure to reach the stator and rotor positions. Since the pressure chamber is in a pressurized state, even after long-term use, wear occurs between the sealing ring and the output shaft. Since the pressure chamber is always in a pressurized state, the pressure The high pressure in the pressure chamber prevents the external airflow from flowing into the pressure chamber through the gap between the sealing ring and the output shaft. On the contrary, since the pressure chamber is always in a pressurized state, a small amount of high-pressure air in the pressure chamber will overflow from the joint between the output shaft and the sealing ring. In this way, dust cannot enter the pressure chamber at all, thereby ensuring that the external dust is always located outside the pressure chamber. In addition, the relative friction coefficient between the steel sealing ring and the output shaft is small, the wear amount is small, and it is not easy to wear, which prevents dust from entering the outer shell through the connection between the outer shell and the output shaft.

[0018] 2. By setting up a sealing shell and a sealing membrane, the outside air cannot bypass the pressurized chamber. The outside air must pass through the joints between the outer shell and the output shaft, the joints between the sliding ring and the output shaft, the joints between the bellows and the output shaft, and the joints between the sealing shell and the output shaft in turn before reaching the stator and rotor positions, thus ensuring the sealing effect.

[0019] 3. By setting up an oil removal unit, the lubricating grease in the stator and rotor cannot overflow through the output shaft, thus avoiding the situation where external dust and lubricating grease mix to form oil pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor based on self-cleaning.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a side view of a permanent magnet synchronous motor based on self-cleaning.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor. Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor. Figure 3 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a cutaway stereoscopic schematic diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor based on self-cleaning.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor. Figure 5 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor with the casing removed.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor with the casing, stator and rotor removed.

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor. Figure 8 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle.

[0029] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor with the sealing shell, outer shell, stator and rotor removed.

[0030] Fig.11 The present invention is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a sealing unit provided with an oil removal unit based on a self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0031] The numbers in the figure are:

[0032] 1. Shell; 11. Rotor; 12. Stator; 2. Output shaft; 21. Sliding groove; 22. Corrugated sleeve; 3. Sealing unit; 31. Sealing ring; 311. Rotating wheel; 312. Gas injection pipe; 32. Sealing shell; 33. Sealing film; 34. Support rod; 35. Support sleeve; 4. Oil removal unit; 41. Scraper; 42. Pressing unit; 421. Turntable; 422. Inclined groove; 423. Pressing block; 424. Pressing rod; 425. Electromagnet; 426. Support plate; 427. Limiting plate; 428. Spring; 5. Collecting shell; 51. Discharge valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 and Figure 5-Figure 7 A self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a cylindrical shell 1, in which an output shaft 2 is arranged to rotate along the axis of the shell 1; the output shaft 2 passes through one end of the shell 1, and a sliding groove 21 is provided inside the shell 1 along the extension direction of the output shaft 2, the sliding groove 21 is an annular structure, and a sealing unit 3 is arranged on the sliding groove 21, the sealing unit 3 separates the inside of the shell 1 from the outside, and the sealing unit 3 comprises a sealing ring 31, and the sealing ring 31 is arranged in the sliding groove along the extension direction of the sliding groove 21. 21, the sealing ring 31 rotates with the output shaft 2, the sealing ring 31 does not rotate when the output shaft 2 rotates, there is a gap between the sealing ring 31 and the end of the sliding groove 21, a bellows sleeve 22 is arranged in the gap along the extension direction of the output shaft 2, one end of the bellows sleeve 22 is fixedly connected to the end of the sealing ring 31, and the end of the bellows sleeve 22 away from the sealing ring 31 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding groove 21, the bellows sleeve 22 forms a pressurized chamber, the air pressure in the pressurized chamber is greater than the external air pressure, the bellows sleeve 22 is a steel bellows, and the sealing ring 31 is made of steel.

[0035] A rotor 11 and a stator 12 are also arranged in the housing 1. The rotor 11 is a rotating body structure. The stator 12 is sleeved on the periphery of the rotor 11. The stator 12 generates magnetism by cross-electrode of the magnetic poles on the stator 12 to make the rotor 11 rotate. The rotor 11 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft 2. When the rotor 11 is driven to rotate, the output shaft 2 starts to rotate. Most traditional permanent magnet synchronous motors do not have a self-cleaning function. There are two situations in which permanent magnet synchronous motors need to be cleaned when in use, including external factors and self-factors. Among the external factors, due to the influence of the use environment of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, many permanent magnet synchronous motors are arranged in a place that is close to the external environment. In an environment where the rotor 11 and the stator 12 are in direct contact with each other, the dust floating in the outside air will enter the housing 1 through the gap between the output shaft 2 and the housing 1. Since lubricating grease is provided between the rotor 11 and the stator 12, the dust entering the housing 1 will mix with the lubricating grease, thereby reducing the lubricating effect of the lubricating grease. When there is a lot of mixed dust, the dust mixed in the lubricating grease will also cause wear on the rotor 11 and the stator 12, thereby causing damage to the permanent magnet synchronous motor. At the same time, some permanent magnet synchronous motors are cooled by air cooling and do not have a filtering unit. Long-term use in this way can easily cause a lot of dust to be mixed into the permanent magnet synchronous motor. Among the factors of the permanent magnet synchronous motor itself, the lubricating grease applied inside the permanent magnet synchronous motor will overflow from the stator 12 and the rotor 11 during long-term use, and overflow along the output shaft 2. The lubricating oil that overflows in this way easily absorbs dust in the air on the output shaft 2, thereby increasing the amount of wear between the output shaft 2 and the outer casing 1 during rotation. In order to avoid the influence of the outside world on the permanent magnet synchronous motor when the permanent magnet synchronous motor is running, a sealing unit 3 is added to the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The specific working principle is as follows: a sealing shell 32 is arranged on the side of the sliding groove 21 away from the output shaft 2 passing through the outer casing 1. The sealing shell 32 isolates the position of the stator 12 and the rotor 11 from the outside world, and the output shaft 2 passes through the sealing shell 32 and slides in the sealing shell 32, that is, the dust from the outside world can only have the opportunity to enter the position of the stator 12 and the rotor 11 through the gap between the sealing shell 32 and the output shaft 2. After the permanent magnet synchronous motor is produced, a pressurized chamber is formed in the corrugated sleeve 22 and is always in a pressurized state. The pressurized state of the pressurized chamber is controlled in real time by a micro pump. The pressurized chamber has a pushing effect on the sealing ring 31 sliding in the sliding groove 21. The sealing ring 31 is pushed to the exit side of the sliding groove 21 close to the output shaft 2 under the action of the air pressure in the pressurized chamber. The exit side of the output shaft 2 is the abbreviation of the side where the output shaft 2 passes through the end of the housing 1. It is worth noting that the sealing ring 31 will not rotate synchronously with the output shaft 2 when the output shaft 2 rotates. In this way, when the output shaft 2 rotates, the sealing ring 31 facilitates the relative rotation of the output shaft 2. The dust in the outside air enters through the gap between the housing 1 and the output shaft 2 and needs to pass through the sealing unit 3 before entering the housing 1. The entry into the housing 1 here refers to the dust entering the position where the stator 12 and the rotor 11 are provided.Since the pressurized chamber is in a pressurized state, the air pressure in the pressurized chamber causes the sealing ring 31 to press one end of the sliding groove 21. Dust from the outside world needs to pass through the joints between the housing 1 and the output shaft 2, the joints between the sliding ring and the output shaft 2, the joints between the corrugated sleeve 22 and the output shaft 2, and the joints between the sealing shell 32 and the output shaft 2 in sequence to reach the position of the stator 12 and the rotor 11. In this way, dust needs to pass through four layers of isolation structures to reach the position of the stator 12 and the rotor 11. Since the pressurized chamber is in a pressurized state, even after long-term use, wear occurs between the sealing ring 31 and the output shaft 2. Since the pressurized chamber is always in a pressurized state, the high pressure in the pressurized chamber makes the outside world The airflow cannot flow into the pressurized chamber from the gap between the sealing ring 31 and the output shaft 2. On the contrary, since the pressurized chamber is always in a pressurized state, a small amount of high-pressure air in the pressurized chamber will overflow from the joint between the output shaft 2 and the sealing ring 31. In this way, dust cannot enter the pressurized chamber at all, thereby ensuring that the dust from the outside is always located outside the pressurized chamber. Moreover, this part mainly improves the water-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor, and will not be affected by the dust carried by the outside air introduced during air cooling. If the traditional method of directly setting a sealing ring between the output shaft 2 and the housing 1 is adopted, and then a high-pressure environment is set in the housing 1, this will cause the sealing ring to wear faster. When the sealing ring is worn more, it is difficult to form a high-pressure ring in the housing 1. The use of a sealing ring 31 made of steel can solve the above problem, that is, the relative friction coefficient between the steel sealing ring 31 and the output shaft 2 is small, the wear amount is small, and it is not easy to wear. ,

[0036] Reference Figure 6 : A plurality of rotating grooves are evenly distributed on the end surface of the sealing ring 31 near the output shaft 2 passing through the end of the housing 1. The extension direction of the rotating groove is parallel to the axis of the output shaft 2. A rotating wheel 311 is rotatably arranged in the rotating groove. The rotating wheel 311 rolls with the end of the sliding groove 21.

[0037] By providing a rotating wheel 311 at the end of the sealing ring 31, the friction between the sealing ring 31 and the end of the sliding groove 21 is reduced, thereby reducing the amount of wear between the sealing ring 31 and the end of the sliding groove 21. Because the sealing ring 31 is tightly pressed against the end of the sliding groove 21 under the action of pressurization before pressurization, if the rotating wheel 311 is not provided on the sealing ring 31, the sealing ring 31 pressed against the end of the sliding groove 21 will hinder the rotation of the output shaft 2, thereby causing the output shaft 2 to wear rapidly.

[0038] Reference Figure 6: An air injection pipe 312 is connected to the bellows 22, and the air injection pipe 312 extends from the inside of the outer shell 1 to the outside of the outer shell 1. A micro pump is arranged on the end of the air injection pipe 312 away from the bellows 22. The micro pump injects filtered air into the pressurized chamber through the air injection pipe 312. An air pressure sensor is arranged in the air injection pipe 312. The air pressure sensor has a preset rated air pressure threshold. When the micro pump fills the pressurized chamber with air through the air injection pipe 312, the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure in the pressurized chamber in real time. When the air pressure reaches the rated air pressure threshold, the micro pump stops running.

[0039] Since the sealing ring 31 is always in a non-rotating state when the output shaft 2 rotates, relative rotation occurs between the output shaft 2 and the sealing ring 31. After a long period of operation, wear will inevitably occur between the output shaft 2 and the sealing ring 31, which will lead to a gap between the output shaft 2 and the sealing ring 31. A pressurized chamber is provided on one side of the sealing ring 31. The air pressure in the pressurized chamber is greater than the external pressure. This will cause the air in the pressurized chamber to overflow from the gap. If the air pressure in the pressurized chamber is not supplemented by a micro pump, the pressure in the pressurized chamber will gradually decrease over time, and the pressurized chamber will eventually The pressure in the cavity is the same as the external pressure. In this case, it is easy for external dust to enter the pressurized cavity through the gap between the sealing ring 31 and the output shaft 2, thus causing the sealing effect of the pressurized cavity to fail. When the pressurized cavity fails, external dust can enter the stator 12 and the rotor 11 over time. In order to avoid the above situation, an injection pipe is connected to one side of the pressurized cavity, and the pressurized cavity is inflated by a micro pump according to the real-time monitoring value of the air pressure sensor, so that the pressurized cavity is always maintained within the rated air pressure threshold. It is worth noting that the rated air pressure threshold is greater than the external air pressure.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 The sealing unit 3 includes a sealing shell 32, which is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer shell 1. An annular opening is arranged on the end surface of the sealing shell 32 facing the output shaft 2 passing through the end of the outer shell 1, and a sealing membrane 33 is provided on the cover on the annular opening. The outer ring of the sealing membrane 33 is fixedly connected to the annular opening of the sealing shell 32, and a clamping ring is fixedly arranged on the inner ring side of the sealing membrane 33. An annular groove is arranged on the outer ring of the sealing ring 31, and the clamping ring is engaged with the annular groove. The sealing ring 31 and the sealing shell 32 form a sealing cavity on the periphery of the output shaft 2. The sealing cavity is an annular structure. The pressure in the sealing cavity is lower than the external pressure. The sealing membrane 33 is made of rubber material.

[0041] Since the pressure in the sealed cavity is lower than the external pressure, the sealed cavity is in a negative pressure state. If the sealing film 33 is not provided between the sealing shell 32 and the sealing ring 31, the external dust can directly enter the rotor 11 and the stator 12 through the connection between the sealing shell 32 and the output shaft 2. In order to achieve the effect of layer-by-layer isolation, it is necessary to provide a sealing film 33 between the sealing shell 32 and the sealing ring 31. Since the sealed cavity is in a negative pressure state and the sealing film 33 is made of rubber material, the sealing film 33 is deformed and the sealing film 33 is concave toward one side of the sealed cavity. At the connection between the sealing film 33 and the sealing ring 31, the sealing film 33 is tightly attached to the sealed cavity. The situation outside the sealing ring 31 is isolated in this way. This is because the movement of dust is achieved through air flow, and the air flow can drive the dust to move. Under the action of the negative pressure in the sealing chamber, the air pressure of the outside air is greater than the air pressure inside the sealing chamber. The outside air has a tendency to flow into the sealing chamber, but is blocked by the sealing film 33. The outside air pressure presses the sealing film 33 tightly against the sealing ring 31, thereby achieving self-sealing. At the same time, since the sealing ring 31 and the sealing shell 32 are always in a non-rotating state when the output shaft 2 rotates, there will be no relative wear between the sealing film 33 and the sealing ring 31, which also ensures that the negative pressure state of the sealing chamber will not change.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 : Multiple groups of support units are hinged on the sealing ring 31, each support unit includes a support rod 34, a support sleeve 35 is sleeved on the support rod 34, the support rod 34 and the support sleeve 35 are slidably matched, and the end of the support sleeve 35 away from the support rod 34 is hinged to the sealing shell 32, and the support rod 34 and the support sleeve 35 jointly support the sealing membrane 33.

[0043] When the sealing ring 31 contacts the end of the sliding groove 21, the negative pressure in the sealing chamber and the deformed sealing film 33 will simultaneously generate a force on the sealing ring 31 along the extension direction of the output shaft 2, and the force is opposite to the force of the pressurizing chamber acting on the sealing ring 31, that is, when the pressure in the pressurizing chamber decreases, the sealing ring 31 will slide in the sliding groove 21. Since the sealing ring 31 rotates with the output shaft 2 for a long time, both the sealing ring 31 and the output shaft 2 will be worn, so that a gap will gradually appear between the sealing ring 31 and the output shaft 2, and the air in the pressurizing chamber will gradually overflow. Since the negative pressure in the sealing chamber remains unchanged, the pressure in the pressurizing chamber will gradually decrease at this time, so that the negative pressure in the sealing chamber will pass through the sealing film 33 to seal the

[0044] 31 is pulled and moved, and in this process, the sealing membrane 33 has no supporting structure, and is easily damaged in the process of pulling the sealing ring 31, so a support rod 34 and a support sleeve 35 are set on one side of the sealing membrane 33, and the support rod 34 and the support sleeve 35 provide support for the sealing membrane 33, and at the same time, it can also prevent the sealing membrane 33 from being greatly deformed under the influence of the negative pressure of the sealing chamber, that is, when the sealing ring 31 is located at one end of the sliding groove 21, if there is no support from the support rod 34 and the support sleeve 35, the deformation of the sealing membrane 33 is the largest at this time, and the sealing membrane 33 will be quickly damaged if it is in this deformation state for a long time, and after the support rod 34 and the support sleeve 35 are set, it can provide support for the deformed sealing membrane 33, thereby improving the service life of the sealing membrane 33.

[0045] Reference Figure 5 and Fig. 9 : A degreasing unit 4 is arranged on one side of the sealing unit 3, and a plurality of scrapers 41 are arranged in the degreasing unit 4. The scrapers 41 are evenly arranged around the axis of the output shaft 2. The scrapers 41 are inclined when projected onto the output shaft 2. After the output shaft 2 rotates, the scrapers 41 form a degreasing area on the output shaft 2, and the lubricating grease attached to the output shaft 2 cannot pass through the degreasing area when the output shaft 2 rotates.

[0046] Reference Figure 8 : A pressing unit 42 for pressing the scraper 41 is provided on one side of the scraper 41 , and the pressing unit 42 provides pressure to the scraper 41 in the radial direction of the output shaft 2 .

[0047] Reference Figure 9-11 The pressing unit 42 includes a rotating disk 421 rotatably arranged in the housing 1, the axis of the rotating disk 421 is colinear with the axis of the output shaft 2, a plurality of inclined grooves 422 are evenly arranged on the rotating disk 421, the inclined grooves 422 correspond to the scraper 41 one by one, the scraper 41 extends into the inclined grooves 422 and slides with the inclined grooves 422, a limit plate 427 is arranged on the scraper 41 to guide the moving direction of the scraper 41, the limit plate 427 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the pressing block 423 is hinged at the end of the rotating disk 421 A pressing rod 424 is provided on the upper part of the pressing block 423, and the pressing block 423 and the pressing rod 424 slide together along the length direction of the pressing block 423. A supporting plate 426 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the shell 1, and the pressing rod 424 penetrates the supporting plate 426 along the thickness direction of the supporting plate 426 and slides together with the supporting plate 426. An electromagnet 425 is provided on one side of the supporting plate 426 toward the upper part of the pressing rod 424, and the electromagnet 425 has an attraction on the end of the pressing rod 424 away from the pressing block 423.

[0048] After the electromagnet 425 is energized, the electromagnet 425 attracts the upper part of the pressing rod 424, and the pressing rod 424 pushes the turntable 421 through the pressing block 423. The turntable 421 rotates under the action of the pressing block 423, and the turntable 421 pushes the scraper 41 through the inclined groove 422, so that the scraper 41 can be tightly attached to the side wall of the output shaft 2. Since the scraper 41 is in an inclined state, when the grease in the stator 12 and the rotor 11 overflows, the grease attached to the output shaft 2 can be intercepted by the scraper 41. In this way, under the dual action of the sealing unit 3 and the degreasing unit 4, the grease and dust can be prevented from mixing with each other.

[0049] Reference Fig. 9 : There is a gap between one end of the pressing rod 424 away from the pressing block 423 and the support plate 426, and the spring 428 is arranged in the gap along the extension direction of the pressing rod 424, and the two ends of the spring 428 are respectively fixedly connected to the support plate 426 and the end of the pressing rod 424, and the scraper 41 intermittently contacts the side wall of the output shaft 2.

[0050] Since the permanent magnet synchronous motor may be started or stopped during use, when the permanent magnet synchronous motor is in operation, the scraper 41 is always in contact with the side wall of the output shaft 2, which will cause greater wear on the side wall of the output shaft 2, and the lubricating grease attached to the output shaft 2 will overflow along the output shaft 2 at a slower speed. There is no need for the scraper 41 to always fit the side wall of the output shaft 2, so that the scraper 41 is intermittently in contact with the side wall of the output shaft 2, which can reduce the wear on the output shaft 2 and prevent the lubricating grease attached to the output shaft 2 from overflowing through the output shaft 2. The spring 428 arranged between the pressing rod 424 and the support plate 426 can enable the pressing rod 424 to drive the pressing block 423 to rise, thereby allowing the turntable 421 to reset and rotate, and the scraper 41 can be separated from the output shaft 2 after the turntable 421 resets and rotates.

[0051] Reference Figure 4 : A collecting shell 5 is arranged in the outer shell 1. The collecting shell 5 is a tubular structure. The collecting shell 5 is sleeved on the output shaft 2. The collecting shell 5 is located on the side of the deoiling unit 4 away from the sealing unit 3. The opening of the collecting shell 5 facing the deoiling unit 4 is smaller than the opening of the collecting shell 5 away from the deoiling unit 4. The lubricating grease scraped off by the scraper 41 is discharged into the bottom of the outer shell 1 through the collecting shell 5.

[0052] By setting up the collecting shell 5, it is ensured that after the degreasing unit 4 scrapes off the grease attached to the output shaft 2, the collecting shell 5 can collect the scraped grease in time, avoiding the removed grease from dripping onto the pressing unit 42, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the pressing unit 42 and further ensuring the normal operation of the pressing unit 42. A discharge valve 51 is provided at the bottom of the outer shell 1, and the discharge valve 51 can discharge the grease flowing into the bottom of the outer shell 1 after it is opened.

[0053] The above embodiments only express one or several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising a housing (1) with a cylindrical structure, wherein an output shaft (2) is rotatably arranged in the housing (1) along the axis of the housing (1); It is characterized in that The output shaft (2) extends through one end of the housing (1). A sliding groove (21) is provided inside the housing (1) where the output shaft (2) is located along the extension direction of the output shaft (2). The sliding groove (21) is an annular structure. A sealing unit (3) is provided on the sliding groove (21). The sealing unit (3) separates the inside of the housing (1) from the outside. The sealing unit (3) includes a sealing ring (31). The sealing ring (31) is slidably provided on the sliding groove (21) along the extension direction of the sliding groove (21). The sealing ring (31) is rotatably matched with the output shaft (2). (31) does not rotate when the output shaft (2) rotates, a gap exists between the sealing ring (31) and the end of the sliding groove (21), a bellows sleeve (22) is arranged in the gap along the extension direction of the output shaft (2), one end of the bellows sleeve (22) is fixedly connected to the end of the sealing ring (31), and one end of the bellows sleeve (22) away from the sealing ring (31) is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding groove (21), the bellows sleeve (22) forms a pressurized chamber, the air pressure in the pressurized chamber is greater than the external air pressure, the bellows sleeve (22) is a steel bellows, and the sealing ring (31) is made of steel; A degreasing unit (4) is provided on one side of the sealing unit (3). A plurality of scrapers (41) are provided in the degreasing unit (4). The scrapers (41) are evenly arranged around the axis of the output shaft (2). When the scrapers (41) are projected onto the output shaft (2), they present an inclined structure. When the output shaft (2) rotates, the scrapers (41) form a degreasing area on the output shaft (2). Lubricating grease attached to the output shaft (2) cannot pass through the degreasing area when the output shaft (2) rotates.

2. A self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rotating grooves are evenly distributed on the end surface of the sealing ring (31) near the side where the output shaft (2) passes through the end of the housing (1); the extending direction of the rotating groove is parallel to the axis of the output shaft (2); a rotating wheel (311) is rotatably arranged in the rotating groove; the rotating wheel (311) is in rolling engagement with the end of the sliding groove (21).

3. A self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bellows (22) is connected to an air injection pipe (312), the air injection pipe (312) extending from the inside of the housing (1) to the outside of the housing (1), a micro pump is arranged on one end of the air injection pipe (312) away from the bellows (22), the micro pump injects filtered air into the pressurized chamber through the air injection pipe (312), an air pressure sensor is arranged in the air injection pipe (312), the air pressure sensor is preset with a rated air pressure threshold, when the micro pump injects air into the pressurized chamber through the air injection pipe (312), the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure in the pressurized chamber in real time, and when the air pressure reaches the rated air pressure threshold, the micro pump stops running.

4. A self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing unit (3) comprises a sealing shell (32), the sealing shell (32) being fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer shell (1), an annular opening being arranged on the end surface of the sealing shell (32) on the side where the output shaft (2) passes through the end of the outer shell (1), a sealing film (33) being arranged on the cover on the annular opening, the outer ring of the sealing film (33) being fixedly connected to the annular opening of the sealing shell (32), a clamping ring being fixedly arranged on the inner ring side of the sealing film (33), an annular clamping groove being arranged on the outer ring of the sealing ring (31), the clamping ring being clamped and matched with the annular clamping groove, the sealing ring (31) and the sealing shell (32) forming a sealing cavity on the periphery of the output shaft (2), the sealing cavity being an annular structure, the pressure in the sealing cavity being lower than the external pressure, and the sealing film (33) being made of rubber material.

5. A self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of support units are hingedly connected to the sealing ring (31), each support unit comprising a support rod (34), a support sleeve (35) being sleeved on the support rod (34), the support rod (34) and the support sleeve (35) being slidably matched, an end of the support sleeve (35) away from the support rod (34) being hingedly connected to the sealing shell (32), and the support rod (34) and the support sleeve (35) jointly supporting the sealing membrane (33).

6. A self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressing unit (42) for pressing the scraper (41) is provided on one side of the scraper (41), and the pressing unit (42) provides pressure on the scraper (41) along the radial direction of the output shaft (2).

7. A self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressing unit (42) comprises a rotating disk (421) rotatably arranged in the housing (1), the axis of the rotating disk (421) being colinear with the axis of the output shaft (2), a plurality of inclined grooves (422) being evenly arranged on the rotating disk (421), the inclined grooves (422) corresponding to the scrapers (41) one by one, the scrapers (41) extending into the inclined grooves (422) and slidingly cooperating with the inclined grooves (422), a limiting plate (427) for guiding the moving direction of the scrapers (41) being arranged on the scrapers (41), the limiting plate (427) being fixedly connected to the housing (1), and the pressing block (423) being hinged on the rotating disk (421). The pressing block (423) has an end portion, and a pressing rod (424) is arranged on the upper portion of the pressing block (423). The pressing block (423) and the pressing rod (424) are slidably matched along the length direction of the pressing block (423). A supporting plate (426) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the housing (1). The pressing rod (424) penetrates the supporting plate (426) along the thickness direction of the supporting plate (426) and is slidably matched with the supporting plate (426). An electromagnet (425) is arranged on one side of the supporting plate (426) facing the upper portion of the pressing rod (424). The electromagnet (425) has an attractive force on the end of the pressing rod (424) away from the pressing block (423).

8. A self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: There is a gap between one end of the pressing rod (424) away from the pressing block (423) and the support plate (426), and a spring (428) is arranged in the gap along the extension direction of the pressing rod (424), and the two ends of the spring (428) are respectively fixedly connected to the support plate (426) and the end of the pressing rod (424), and the scraper (41) intermittently contacts the side wall of the output shaft (2).

9. A self-cleaning permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collecting shell (5) is arranged inside the outer shell (1). The collecting shell (5) is a tubular structure. The collecting shell (5) is sleeved on the output shaft (2). The collecting shell (5) is located on a side of the degreasing unit (4) away from the sealing unit (3). An opening of one end of the collecting shell (5) facing the degreasing unit (4) is smaller than an opening of one end of the collecting shell (5) away from the degreasing unit (4). Lubricating grease scraped off by the scraper (41) is discharged into the bottom of the outer shell (1) through the collecting shell (5).

Images