A high-efficiency cultivation method for extending the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo

Abstract

The present invention provides an efficient cultivation method for extending the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo, and relates to the technical field of sweet dragon bamboo planting. The efficient cultivation method for extending the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo mainly comprises setting organic fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and biochar to be mixed and prepared into supplementary fertilizer, which is applied once in January and February and April and May, and adopts Hogland's nutrient solution, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, salicylic acid, walnut leaf extract and compound vitamins as sprinkler liquid, and spraying with stepped concentration is performed after the second application of supplementary fertilizer. The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and can effectively promote the production of bamboo shoots of sweet dragon bamboo by spraying two supplementary fertilizers and multiple different concentrations of sprinkler liquids, and further extends the bamboo shoot production period, improves the yield of bamboo shoots, and increases the economic benefits of planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sweet dragon bamboo planting, and in particular to an efficient cultivation method for prolonging the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo. Background Art

[0002] Sweet dragon bamboo is a typical large clumping bamboo, with a stalk height of 20-25m and a stem thickness of 15-20cm. It is an excellent bamboo species for both shoots and materials. Sweet dragon bamboo likes warm and humid climates and belongs to the thermal bamboo species. The origin area is 100-1800m above sea level. The climate in the distribution area belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate type. It has a certain drought resistance and cold resistance, and has strong adaptability. It is suitable for extensive planting in southwest my country to southern China.

[0003] Sweet dragon bamboo shoots are called "sweet bamboo shoots" in their areas of origin and in the market. They have excellent taste and flavor and are a popular type of bamboo shoot, especially suitable for fresh consumption. They have a "fresh, sweet, crisp and tender" taste and can bring higher economic benefits in actual planting. Under normal circumstances, Sweet Dragon Bamboo begins to produce shoots in June each year, reaches its peak from mid-July to mid-September, and October is the end of the production period. However, bamboo shoots grown outside of July to September often do not meet the requirements of planting and production, and the quality of the shoots is poor. Therefore, the cultivation of bamboo clumps that produce shoots is generally harvested from June to October each year, so that higher-quality Sweet Dragon Bamboo shoots can be harvested in a concentrated manner. After October, the production of shoots drops significantly, the quality decreases, and the harvest value is low.

[0004] In order to increase the bamboo shoot production during the production period, the existing planting and cultivation methods mostly adjust the bamboo clump structure and supplement soil fertility to achieve the purpose of promoting bamboo shoot production. Although these can promote the bamboo shoot production of sweet dragon bamboo to a certain extent, the actual planting process has a low effect on the high yield of bamboo shoots, and will reduce the bamboo shoot production potential of the bamboo clump to a certain extent, resulting in a shortened bamboo shoot production period. In order to promote the economic benefits of sweet dragon bamboo planting, increasing the yield of sweet dragon bamboo shoots and extending the bamboo shoot production period are important research directions for planting and cultivation at this stage. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an efficient cultivation method for prolonging the bamboo shoot production period of sweet bamboo. By twice supplementing fertilizers and multiple sprayings of sprinkler irrigation liquid with different concentrations, the bamboo shoot production of sweet bamboo can be effectively promoted, and the bamboo shoot production period can be further prolonged, the yield of bamboo shoots can be increased, and the economic benefits of planting can be increased.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An efficient cultivation method for extending the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo, the cultivation method comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Setting supplementary fertilizer: using bamboo leaves or bamboo branches mixed with animal feces to ferment into organic fertilizer, and then adding nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and biochar to mix and prepare supplementary fertilizer for standby use;

[0009] S2. Prepare the sprinkler irrigation solution according to the following ingredients: Hoagland's nutrient solution + gibberellin 500mg / L + indoleacetic acid 300mg / L + salicylic acid 10mg / L + walnut leaf extract 200-400mL / L + multivitamin 0.8-1.2g / L;

[0010] S3. Bamboo clump pruning: in winter, the sweet dragon bamboos of 3 years or older in the bamboo clumps are cut down, and the number of standing bamboos in the clumps is kept at 5-7. Then, the first application of supplementary fertilizer is carried out in January-February, and the second application of supplementary fertilizer is carried out in April-May.

[0011] S4. Spraying treatment: 15-20 days after the second application of supplementary fertilizer, dilute the sprinkler solution 10 times and spray it once, and then spray it every 15-20 days, for a total of 5 times. The dilution concentration of the sprinkler solution for each spraying is 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the previous dilution concentration.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the fertilizer components in step S1 is organic fertilizer: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer: biochar = 10-20: 4-6: 0.2-0.5.

[0013] Preferably, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

[0014] Preferably, the method for preparing the walnut leaf extract in step S2 comprises the following steps:

[0015] S2-1, grind the walnut leaves into a slurry with 3-5 times the volume of clean water to obtain a mixed slurry for later use;

[0016] S2-2, adding pectinase and cellulase to the mixed slurry, and performing enzymolysis treatment for 3-6 hours to obtain a mixed enzymolysis material for use;

[0017] S2-3, subjecting the above mixed enzymatic hydrolyzate to ultrasonic treatment at 80-90°C for 15-20min to obtain an ultrasonic material for later use;

[0018] S2-4, filter the above ultrasonic material, add 3-5 times the volume of 75% ethanol solution to the filter residue and continue ultrasonic treatment for 15-20 minutes, then filter and combine the filtrate to obtain walnut leaf extract.

[0019] Preferably, the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 400-600W.

[0020] Preferably, the mass ratio of vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C and vitamin E in the vitamin complex in step S2 is 2:1:1:1:3.

[0021] Preferably, in step S3, the amount of supplementary fertilizer applied in January and February is 100-150 g / plant, and the amount of supplementary fertilizer applied in April and May is 80-100 g / plant.

[0022] Preferably, after each fertilization in step S3, clean water is used for watering until the soil is soaked.

[0023] Preferably, the amount of each spraying in step S4 is based on the moisture content of the ground soil.

[0024] The present invention provides an efficient cultivation method for extending the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo, which has the advantages of:

[0025] The present invention prepares supplementary fertilizer by mixing organic fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and biochar, and performs supplementary fertilizer once in January-February and April-May respectively, so as to effectively improve the fertility of bamboo clump soil and realize early sprouting of bamboo shoots. Moreover, the continuous step-by-step spraying of subsequent sprinkler irrigation liquid can effectively prolong the bamboo shoot production period, greatly prolong the bamboo shoot production life of the entire bamboo clump, comprehensively improve the bamboo shoot yield in the bamboo shoot production period, and increase the economic benefits of planting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of bamboo clump trimming in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of bamboo shoots from the experimental group 1 in the embodiment of the present invention on June 20, 2023;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of bamboo shoots from the experimental group 1 in the embodiment of the present invention on August 20, 2023;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the growth of bamboo shoots in the bamboo clump of experimental group 1 on September 2, 2023 in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of harvesting bamboo shoots from the bamboo clump of experimental group 1 in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0032] The setting of the experiment of growing bamboo shoots of sweet dragon bamboo:

[0033] 1. Fertilizer settings:

[0034] 1.1. Fertilizer A:

[0035] Crush the bamboo leaves and main branches and mix them with chicken manure in a ratio of 1:1 and ferment for 2 months, then dry them until the moisture content is below 15% to obtain organic fertilizer;

[0036] Evenly mix organic fertilizer, 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and rice husk biochar in a mass ratio of 15:5:0.3 to obtain supplementary fertilizer A for later use.

[0037] 1.2. Fertilizer B:

[0038] Crush the bamboo leaves and main branches and mix them with chicken manure in a ratio of 1:1 and ferment for 2 months, then dry them until the moisture content is below 15% to obtain organic fertilizer;

[0039] Evenly mix organic fertilizer, 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and rice husk biochar in a mass ratio of 15:5 to obtain supplementary fertilizer B for later use.

[0040] 2. Preparation of sprinkler fluid:

[0041] 2.1. Preparation of walnut leaf extract:

[0042] (1) Mix walnut leaves with 4 times the volume of clean water and grind them into a slurry to obtain a mixed slurry for later use;

[0043] (2) adding pectinase and cellulase in an amount of 0.1% of the total mass of the mixed slurry to the mixed slurry, and performing enzymatic hydrolysis for 4 hours to obtain a mixed enzymatic hydrolyzed material for use;

[0044] (3) treating the mixed enzymatic hydrolyzate with 400W ultrasonic wave for 20 minutes at a temperature range of 80-90°C to obtain an ultrasonic material for later use;

[0045] (4) The above ultrasonic material was filtered, and the residue was added with 4 times the volume of 75% ethanol solution and treated with 600W ultrasound for 15 minutes, then filtered and the filtrate was combined to obtain walnut leaf extract.

[0046] 2.2. Set different sprinkler fluids according to Table 1 below:

[0047] Table 1

[0048]

[0049] The mass ratio of vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C and vitamin E in the above-mentioned complex vitamin is 2:1:1:1:3.

[0050] 3. Planting settings:

[0051] A sweet dragon bamboo planting base was set up in Yongping Town, Jinggu County, Yunnan Province. A newly planted "Yuntian No. 1" bamboo forest was selected as the experimental bamboo forest. 100 experimental bamboo clumps were selected and evenly divided into 10 groups, with 10 clumps in each group being experimental groups 1-10.

[0052] Bamboo clump pruning: On November 5, 2022, the sweet dragon bamboos ≥ 3 years old in the bamboo clumps were cut down, and the number of standing bamboos in each bamboo clump was kept at 5-7. On January 20, 2023, 120g of supplementary fertilizer was applied to each sweet dragon bamboo in the experimental groups 1-10; after each supplementary fertilizer, clean water was used to irrigate the soil until it was soaked, and then 85g of supplementary fertilizer was applied to each plant on April 20;

[0053] On May 8, 2023, the bamboo clumps of experimental groups 1-7 were sprayed for the first time with a 10-fold dilution of the sprinkler irrigation solution. 15 days after the first spraying, the second spraying was carried out with a 6-fold dilution of the sprinkler irrigation solution. 18 days after the second spraying, the third spraying was carried out with a 3-fold dilution of the sprinkler irrigation solution. 20 days after the third spraying, the fourth spraying was carried out with a 2-fold dilution of the sprinkler irrigation solution. 16 days after the fourth spraying, the fifth spraying was carried out with the sprinkler irrigation solution. Each spraying was based on the ground soil being moist.

[0054] For the bamboo clumps of experimental group 8, the first spraying was carried out on May 8, 2023, with the sprinkler irrigation solution diluted 10 times, 15 days after the first spraying, the second spraying was carried out with the sprinkler irrigation solution diluted 10 times, 18 days after the second spraying, the third spraying was carried out with the sprinkler irrigation solution diluted 10 times, 20 days after the third spraying, the fourth spraying was carried out with the sprinkler irrigation solution diluted 10 times, 16 days after the fourth spraying, the fifth spraying was carried out with the sprinkler irrigation solution diluted 10 times; and each spraying was based on the moistening of the ground soil.

[0055] For the bamboo clumps of experimental group 9, the first spraying was carried out with sprinkler irrigation liquid on May 8, 2023, the second spraying was carried out with sprinkler irrigation liquid 15 days after the first spraying, the third spraying was carried out with sprinkler irrigation liquid 18 days after the second spraying, the fourth spraying was carried out with sprinkler irrigation liquid 20 days after the third spraying, and the fifth spraying was carried out with sprinkler irrigation liquid 16 days after the fourth spraying; and each spraying was based on the moistening of the ground soil.

[0056] For the bamboo clumps of experimental group 10, the first spraying was carried out on May 8, 2023, the second spraying was carried out with the sprinkler irrigation solution diluted 5 times 15 days after the first spraying, the third spraying was carried out with the sprinkler irrigation solution diluted 5 times 18 days after the second spraying, the fourth spraying was carried out with the sprinkler irrigation solution diluted 5 times 20 days after the third spraying, and the fifth spraying was carried out with the sprinkler irrigation solution diluted 5 times 16 days after the fourth spraying; and each spraying was based on the moistening of the ground soil.

[0057] The selection of fertilizer and spraying for each group is shown in Table 2 below:

[0058] Table 2

[0059]

[0060] Observe and record the time when bamboo clumps in each experimental group begin to produce sporadic shoots in 2023. The peak production period is defined as when more than 1.5 shoots are produced per clump on average per day. The time when the peak production period occurs and ends is recorded, and the total time of the peak production period is recorded. At the same time, the time when the bamboo clump stops producing shoots and the total time of producing shoots are recorded. The specific results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0061] Table 3

[0062]

[0063] On this basis, bamboo shoots were harvested in time, and the average number of bamboo shoots per plant in each bamboo clump and the final bamboo shoot yield per plant in each group of bamboo clumps were recorded. The specific results are shown in Table 4 below:

[0064] Table 4

[0065]

[0066] From the above tests, it can be seen that the bamboo clumps in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 have a longer bamboo shoot growth period and a wider bamboo shoot growth peak period, and also have a higher bamboo shoot yield.

[0067] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient cultivation method for extending the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo, characterized in that: The cultivation method comprises the following steps: S1. Setting supplementary fertilizer: crush bamboo leaves or bamboo branches and mix them with animal manure to make organic fertilizer, then add nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and biochar to mix and prepare supplementary fertilizer for standby use, and the mass ratio of each component of the supplementary fertilizer is organic fertilizer: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer: biochar = 15:5:0.3; S2. Prepare the sprinkler irrigation solution according to the following ingredients: Hoagland's nutrient solution + gibberellin 500mg / L + indoleacetic acid 300mg / L + salicylic acid 10mg / L + walnut leaf extract 200-400mL / L + multivitamin 0.8-1.2g / L; The preparation method of the walnut leaf extract comprises the following steps: S2-1, grind the walnut leaves into a slurry with 3-5 times the volume of clean water to obtain a mixed slurry for later use; S2-2, adding pectinase and cellulase to the mixed slurry, and performing enzymolysis treatment for 3-6 hours to obtain a mixed enzymolysis material for use; S2-3, subjecting the above mixed enzymatic hydrolyzate to ultrasonic treatment at 80-90°C for 15-20min to obtain an ultrasonic material for later use; S2-4, filtering the above ultrasonic material, adding 3-5 times the volume of 75% ethanol solution to the filter residue and continuing ultrasonic treatment for 15-20 minutes, then filtering and combining the filtrate to obtain walnut leaf extract; S3. Bamboo clump pruning: in November-December, the sweet dragon bamboos ≥ 3 years old in the bamboo clumps were cut down, and the number of standing bamboos in the clumps was kept at 5-7. Then, the first application of supplementary fertilizer was carried out in January-February, and the second application of supplementary fertilizer was carried out in April-May. S4. Spraying treatment: 15-20 days after the second application of supplementary fertilizer, dilute the sprinkler solution 10 times and spray it once, and then spray it every 15-20 days, for a total of 5 times. The dilution concentration of the sprinkler solution for each spraying is 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the previous dilution concentration.

2. A highly efficient cultivation method for prolonging the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

3. A highly efficient cultivation method for prolonging the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power of the ultrasonic treatment is 400-600W.

4. A high-efficiency cultivation method for extending the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, vitamin A, vitamin B6, and vitamin B 12 The mass ratio of vitamin C and vitamin E is 2:1:1:1:

3.

5. The efficient cultivation method for prolonging the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the amount of supplementary fertilizer applied in January and February is 100-150 g / plant, and the amount of supplementary fertilizer applied in April and May is 80-100 g / plant.

6. The efficient cultivation method for prolonging the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, after each fertilization, clean water is used for watering until the soil is soaked.

7. The efficient cultivation method for prolonging the bamboo shoot production period of sweet dragon bamboo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of each spraying in step S4 is based on the moisture of the bamboo basket soil.

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