Soil improvement method and device for reducing the stickiness of sandy ginger black soil and increasing organic matter
Through the combination of fertilization box and mixing components, the plowing and separation breaking technology is used to solve the timeliness of the clogging reduction and organic matter improvement of sand and ginger black soil, efficient soil improvement is achieved, and resource consumption is reduced. It is suitable for Large-scale land improvement.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411488834.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-24
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-10-24
AI Technical Summary
The traditional method of clay reduction and organic matter improvement of sand ginger black soil is difficult to achieve timeliness, and human and material resources are consumed relatively largely, making it not suitable for large-scale land improvement.
The soil improvement device including a fertilizer box and mixing component is adopted. The plowing and separation breaking technology increases the breathability and organic matter content of the soil, and the hydraulic cylinder and driving motor are used to achieve fine fragmentation and uniform sprinkling of organic fertilizers.
It improves the breathability and ageability of the black soil of sand ginger and black soil, reduces resource consumption, and is suitable for large-scale land improvement.
Smart Images
Figure CN119014164B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sandy black soil improvement, in particular to a soil improvement method and device for reducing the stickiness of sandy black soil and increasing organic matter. Background Art
[0002] Shajiang black soil is a semi-hydromorphic soil formed under the conditions of warm temperate semi-humid climate, mainly affected by local factors (topography, parent material, groundwater) and biological factors. Shajiang black soil has low organic matter content, shallow and loose tillage layer, and thick and solid plow bottom layer, resulting in poor soil structure, which is prone to waterlogging and drought, seriously restricting the sustainable development of agricultural production. Soil closure refers to the situation where clay soil has a high water content, and external force is used to eliminate the barrier that suppresses the expansion of clay particles (destroying the soil structure), so that the clay particles can fully expand, and the water film outside the particles fills the pores between the particles, and the soil becomes a single-grain homogeneous soil body.
[0003] The core method to improve the soil adhesion of sand ginger is to increase the air permeability and drainage of the soil. This can be achieved by changing the soil and improving the management method. First of all, adding organic matter improvement materials or improving the soil preparation method is an effective way to improve soil adhesion. If the soil permeability is poor, plowing the soil and adding some coarse river sand, soaked coal briquettes, organic fertilizer or peat to the original soil can not only increase the fertilizer efficiency of the soil, but also improve the air permeability.
[0004] However, due to the high moisture content of the loam black soil in a sticky state, the traditional plowing method has a poor effect on improving soil fragmentation and air permeability. The degree of contact between organic fertilizer and the loam black soil during subsequent sowing is low, making it difficult to effectively improve and increase the organic matter content of the loam soil in a short period of time. The soil remediation efficiency is low, and the human and material resources consumed are high, which is not conducive to reducing the viscosity of large areas of loam black soil and improving soil organic matter. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to address the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a soil improvement device for reducing the viscosity of sand ginger black soil and increasing the organic matter, thereby solving the problem that traditional methods of reducing the viscosity of sand ginger black soil and increasing the organic matter are difficult to achieve timeliness, consume a lot of manpower and material resources, and are not conducive to reducing the viscosity of large areas of sand ginger black soil and increasing soil organic matter.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is a soil improvement device for reducing the adhesion of sand ginger black soil and increasing organic matter, including a fertilizer box and organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is stacked in the fertilizer box, and also includes a frame and a mixing component. The lower part of the frame is equipped with walking wheels by a rotational cooperation method, the fertilizer box is fixedly installed at the rear part of the frame in the forward direction, and a sowing pipe is fixedly installed on the frame. The sowing pipe is located below the fertilizer box, and the sowing pipe and the fertilizer box are connected through the fertilizer pipe. The mixing component is movably installed at the rear part of the frame in the forward direction, and the mixing component is located below the fertilizer box.
[0007] Preferably, a plurality of groups of plow claws are installed in an arranged manner at the lower part of the frame, the upper parts of the plow claws are hingedly driven to the frame and the plurality of rows of plow claws are spatially offset from each other, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders are installed on the frame by means of hinged drive, and the telescopic ends of the hydraulic cylinders are hingedly driven to the upper parts of the plow claws.
[0008] Preferably, a plurality of the mixing components are provided, and the plurality of mixing components are arranged and installed at the rear part of the forward direction of the frame, and the mixing components are all installed obliquely.
[0009] Preferably, the inclination angle between the mixing component and the horizontal direction is 0 to 45 degrees.
[0010] Preferably, the mixing component includes an angle frame, which is fixedly installed on the frame, and multiple angle frames in the multiple mixing components are fixedly connected in sequence, a retaining ring is fixedly installed below the tilting direction of the angle frame, a separating ring is rotatably installed in the retaining ring, and multiple separating rods are circumferentially slidably installed on the separating ring, and synchronous wheels are rotatably installed on the upper part of the tilting direction of the angle frame, and the multiple synchronous wheels are connected for transmission by synchronous belts, wherein driving wheels are installed on two of the angle frames in a rotating manner, the driving wheels are meshed with the synchronous belts, and one of the driving wheels is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor.
[0011] Preferably, the axes between the dividing rod and the retaining ring are parallel, a cooperative ring is rotatably installed above the tilting direction of the angle frame, the upper end of the dividing rod in the tilting direction is connected to the cooperative ring through a compression spring, the lower end of the dividing rod in the tilting direction extends toward the ground, and a predetermined distance is maintained between the lower end of the dividing rod and the ground, and a serrated groove is provided at the lower end of the dividing rod in the tilting direction, and the serrated groove faces the axial direction of the retaining ring.
[0012] Preferably, a waist-shaped groove is opened in the middle part of the angle frame, and a lifting ring is movably installed in the waist-shaped groove. The lifting ring is coaxial with the retaining ring and the lifting ring is located above the retaining ring. A ring-shaped surface with a gradually changing height is provided on the side of the lifting ring away from the retaining ring. A lifting rod is rotatably installed in the middle part of the dividing rod, and the lifting rod rotates to fit the ring-shaped surface of the lifting ring.
[0013] Preferably, a pin for limiting the position of the separating ring is fixedly mounted on the angle frame, a roller is mounted on the inner surface of the retaining ring by rotational fit, the outer surface of the separating ring is rollingly fitted with the roller, and the outer surface of the separating ring is provided with a convex strip protruding outward.
[0014] In addition, the present invention also provides a soil improvement method of a soil improvement device for eliminating the stickiness of ginger black soil and increasing organic matter, comprising the following steps:
[0015] S1. Soil plowing: first fill the fertilizer box with a predetermined volume and weight of organic fertilizer, then use the existing agricultural machinery sand ginger black soil frame to walk above the mortar black soil, and control the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder to extend outward by a predetermined length according to the soil properties of the mortar black soil, thereby pushing the plow claws to tilt the sand ginger black soil claws to perform plowing operations at a predetermined depth in the mortar black soil. At this time, the plow claws are provided with multiple groups, which can control the hydraulic cylinders at different positions to perform progressive extension and retraction, thereby making the plowing depth of multiple rows of plow claws from shallow to deep, reducing the load on the plow claws, and at the same time using the layer-by-layer sand ginger black soil to cut off or pull out the roots of weeds in the mortar black soil.
[0016] S2. Separation and dispersion: When the plow claw turns up the soil, the driving motor drives the driving wheel to rotate, and the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt are connected and transmitted, so that the cooperative rings in the multiple mixing components rotate. By adjusting the specific meshing position of the synchronous belt, the steering direction of the cooperative ring can be switched, and the dividing rod is driven by the cooperative ring to rotate circumferentially. At this time, the turned-up soil enters the inner side of the dividing rod, and is then cut off by the cutting action of the dividing rod, reducing its viscosity.
[0017] S3 Sand ginger black soil entry: During the operation of the mortar black soil being cut off and broken up by the dividing rod, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box enters the sand ginger black soil along the fertilizer pipe and the broadcasting pipe and mixes with the mortar black soil to increase its organic matter content.
[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:
[0019] (1) In the present invention, the mixing component is used to fully pulverize the sand ginger black soil to improve its air permeability. The organic fertilizer spreading operation carried out by the fertilizer box is coordinated so that the organic fertilizer can be in full contact with the pulverized sand ginger black soil, thereby evenly improving the organic matter content in the sand ginger black soil. At the same time, by increasing the degree of pulverization of the sand ginger black soil, the fertility of the organic fertilizer can be evenly and fully penetrated into the soil in the surrounding area during the contact with the sand ginger black soil, thereby improving the timeliness of the increase in the organic matter content in the soil.
[0020] (2) In the present invention, the mixing component is capable of realizing secondary fragmentation of the sand ginger black soil after it is turned over. By lifting and breaking up, the sand ginger black soil is broken step by step and regionally thrown off. This process further improves the degree of fragmentation of the sand ginger black soil, making the sand ginger black soil in a relatively independent loose state, thereby improving its air permeability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall connection structure of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of
[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of
[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the plow claw and the frame in the present invention;
[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the mixing component in the present invention;
[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A is an enlarged schematic diagram;
[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in FIG.
[0029] In the figure:
[0030] 1. Fertilizer box; 2. Frame; 3. Travel wheel; 4. Mixing assembly; 21. Spreading tube; 22. Fertilizer tube; 23. Plough claw; 24. Hydraulic cylinder; 5. Angle frame; 6. Retaining ring; 7. Separation ring; 71. Separation rod; 51. Synchronous wheel; 52. Synchronous belt; 53. Driving wheel; 8. Coordinating ring; 72. Compression spring; 73. Sawtooth groove; 54. Waist groove; 55. Lifting ring; 74. Lifting rod; 56. Latch; 61. Roller; 75. Raised strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.
[0032] The embodiment of the present invention provides a soil improvement device for reducing the viscosity of loblolly black soil and increasing the organic matter, thereby solving the problem that traditional loblolly black soil viscosity reduction and organic matter improvement methods are difficult to achieve timeliness, consume a lot of manpower and material resources, and are not conducive to viscosity reduction and soil organic matter improvement operations in large areas of loblolly black soil.
[0033] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in order to achieve an integrated operation process of reducing the viscosity of sand ginger black soil and improving the organic matter, and to improve the timeliness of soil remediation, a preferred embodiment of the present invention proposes a soil improvement device for reducing the viscosity of sand ginger black soil and improving the organic matter, including a fertilizer box 1 and organic fertilizer, wherein the organic fertilizer is stacked in the fertilizer box 1, and further includes a frame 2 and a mixing component 4, wherein the lower part of the frame 2 is provided with walking wheels 3 by means of rotational cooperation, the fertilizer box 1 is fixedly installed at the rear part of the frame 2 in the forward direction, and a sowing pipe 21 is fixedly installed on the frame 2, the sowing pipe 21 is located below the fertilizer box 1, and the sowing pipe 21 is communicated with the fertilizer box 1 through the fertilizer pipe 22.
[0034] During operation, first fill the fertilizer box 1 with a predetermined volume and weight of organic fertilizer, then use the existing agricultural machinery traction frame 2 to move above the sand ginger black soil, and use the mixing component 4 to fully crush the sand ginger black soil to improve its air permeability, and cooperate with the organic fertilizer spreading operation performed by the fertilizer box 1 to enable the organic fertilizer to form full contact with the crushed sand ginger black soil, and evenly increase the organic matter content in the sand ginger black soil. At the same time, by increasing the degree of crushing of the sand ginger black soil, the organic fertilizer can evenly and fully penetrate into the soil in the surrounding area during the contact with the sand ginger black soil, thereby improving the timeliness of the increase in soil organic matter content.
[0035] Furthermore, in order to improve the air permeability of sandy ginger black soil and increase the degree of soil turning during a single plowing operation, Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a plurality of groups of plow claws 23 are arranged on the lower part of the frame 2, the upper part of the plow claws 23 is hingedly driven to the frame 2, and the plurality of rows of plow claws 23 are mutually offset in space, and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 24 are installed on the frame 2 by means of hinged drive, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 24 is hingedly driven to the upper part of the plow claws 23.
[0036] When working, in the process of walking, according to the soil properties of the sand ginger black soil, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 24 is controlled to extend outward by a predetermined length, thereby pushing the plow claw 23 to tilt, and the plow claw 23 is used to perform plowing operations at a predetermined depth in the sand ginger black soil. At this time, the plow claw 23 is provided with multiple groups, and the hydraulic cylinders 24 at different positions can be controlled to perform progressive extension and retraction, so that the plowing depth of multiple rows of plow claws 23 is increased from shallow to deep, thereby reducing the load of the plow claw 23, and at the same time, the layer-by-layer plowing method is used to cut off or pull out the roots of weeds in the sand ginger black soil, thereby improving the quality of the sand ginger black soil and reducing nutrient consumption.
[0037] Furthermore, in order to achieve the degree of fragmentation of sand ginger black soil, improve the air permeability and the degree of contact between it and organic fertilizer, such as Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the mixing component 4 is movably installed at the rear part of the forward direction of the frame 2, and the mixing component 4 is located below the fertilizer box 1. A plurality of mixing components 4 are provided, and the plurality of mixing components 4 are arranged and installed at the rear part of the forward direction of the frame 2. The mixing components 4 are all installed at an angle, and the inclination angle between the mixing component 4 and the horizontal direction is 0~45 degrees. The mixing component 4 includes an angle frame 5, and the angle frame 5 is fixedly installed on the frame 2, and the plurality of angle frames 5 in the plurality of mixing components 4 are fixedly connected in sequence, and a retaining ring 6 is fixedly installed below the inclination direction of the angle frame 5, and a separating ring 7 is rotatably installed in the retaining ring 6, and a plurality of separating rods 71 are circumferentially slidably installed on the separating ring 7.
[0038] During operation, when the plow claw 23 turns up the soil during walking, the turned-up soil is curled and piled above the ground. At this time, the specific inclination angle of the angle frame 5 in the mixing component 4 is adjusted according to the viscosity and water content of the sand ginger black soil. This process is to enable the mixing component 4 to enable the turned-up soil to enter the annular space surrounded by multiple dividing rods 71 during the subsequent forward movement. After entering, the soil is gradually lifted and moved away from the ground due to the inclined lifting effect, thereby realizing the separation operation between the turned-up soil and the ground layer. There are gaps between the multiple dividing rods 71. Along with the fluidity and degree of collapse of the sand ginger black soil itself, the sand ginger black soil is decomposed by gravity after being lifted. During the continuous movement of the mixing component 4 close to the ground, the sand ginger black soil that enters later continues to squeeze the black soil that enters earlier, and causes it to decompose and fall through the gaps between the dividing rods 71, thereby improving the degree of fragmentation and air permeability of the sand ginger black soil after a single plowing operation, improving the soil properties of the sand ginger black soil, improving operating efficiency and quality, and improving timeliness.
[0039] like Figures 3 to 7As shown, in order to achieve the contact degree between the sand ginger black soil and the organic fertilizer, the upper part of the angle frame 5 in the tilting direction is rotatably installed with a synchronous wheel 51, and the multiple synchronous wheels 51 are connected and transmitted by a synchronous belt 52. Two of the angle frames 5 are equipped with driving wheels 53 in a rotating manner, and the driving wheels 53 are meshed with the synchronous belt 52, and one of the driving wheels 53 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the driving motor, and the axis between the partition rod 71 and the retaining ring 6 is parallel, and a cooperative ring 8 is rotatably installed above the tilting direction of the angle frame 5, and the cooperative ring 8 is connected and transmitted with the synchronous wheel 51, and the upper end of the partition rod 71 in the tilting direction is connected to the cooperative ring 8 by a compression spring 72. The two brackets are connected, the lower end of the dividing rod 71 in the inclined direction extends toward the ground, and a certain distance is maintained between the lower end of the dividing rod 71 and the ground. A serrated groove 73 is provided at the lower end of the dividing rod 71 in the inclined direction, and the serrated groove 73 faces the axial direction of the retaining ring 6. A waist-shaped groove 54 is provided in the middle of the angle frame 5, and a lifting ring 55 is movably installed in the waist-shaped groove 54. The lifting ring 55 is coaxial with the retaining ring 6 and the lifting ring 55 is located above the retaining ring 6. A gradually variable height annular surface is provided on the side of the lifting ring 55 away from the retaining ring 6. A lifting rod 74 is rotatably installed in the middle of the dividing rod 71, and the lifting rod 74 rotatably fits on the annular surface of the lifting ring 55.
[0040] During operation, after the sand ginger black soil enters the space formed by the multiple partition rods 71, the driving motor is started to run, and the driving motor drives the active wheel 53 to rotate, and further drives the multiple cooperative rings 8 to rotate through the connection and rotation between the synchronous wheel 51 and the synchronous belt 52, and drives the multiple partition rods 71 to rotate continuously in a circumferential direction through the cooperative ring 8. At this time, the lifted sand ginger black soil is broken step by step and thrown to the outer area under the rotation and striking and cutting action of the partition rods 71. This process further improves the degree of fragmentation of the sand ginger black soil, making the sand ginger black soil in a relatively independent loose state, thereby improving its air permeability. At the same time, with the sprinkling of organic fertilizer above, the organic fertilizer is able to form sufficient contact with the sparse and crushed sand ginger black soil, and is realized from multiple levels of depth. The organic matter lifting process of the sand ginger black soil is now shown. In addition, the compression spring 72 uses its own elastic force to make the lifting rod 74 fit tightly against the upper end surface of the lifting ring 55. During the circumferential rotation of the lifting rod 74, it is subjected to the gradual lifting effect of the lifting ring 55, so that the partition rod 71 is synchronously linearly pulled during the circumferential rotation. During the rotation of multiple partition rods 71, the turnover path of their lower ends is elliptical, which increases the entry space range of the soil on the front side of its moving direction. At the same time, along with the pulling effect of the partition rod 71, the serrated groove 73 can increase the lifting height of the sand ginger black soil through its own hooking effect, increase the filling amount of soil in the space surrounding the partition rod 71, and then increase the volume of soil decomposed and broken up in a single time, thereby improving the efficiency of soil crushing operations.
[0041] like Figure 5 to Figure 6As shown, due to the sticky nature of the sand ginger black soil, in order to reduce the amount of carryover during soil crushing, a pin 56 for limiting the position of the separating ring 7 is fixedly installed on the angle frame 5, and a roller 61 is installed on the inner ring surface of the retaining ring 6 in a rotating manner. The outer ring surface of the separating ring 7 is in rolling cooperation with the roller 61, and the outer ring surface of the separating ring 7 is provided with a convex strip 75 protruding outward.
[0042] During operation, along with the circumferential rotation of the separation ring 7, it drives the convex strip 75 on the outer contour to rotate synchronously. When the convex strip 75 rotates to the position of the roller 61, the two contact each other and form a brief extrusion contact, thereby generating vibration. The separation rod 71 is shaken by the vibration, and the circular arc surface of its outer contour is cooperated to reduce the amount of soil adhesion in the process of crushing the soil, and increase the permeability of the gap between adjacent separation rods 71, thereby realizing a continuous soil crushing process and improving the efficiency of the soil property improvement operation of the sand ginger black soil.
[0043] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using a soil improvement device for reducing the stickiness of sandy black soil and increasing organic matter, comprising the following steps:
[0044] S1. Soil plowing: first, fill the fertilizer box 1 with a predetermined volume and weight of organic fertilizer, and then use the existing agricultural machinery to tow the frame 2 over the sand ginger black soil. During the walking process, according to the soil properties of the sand ginger black soil, control the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 24 to extend outward by a predetermined length, thereby pushing the plow claw 23 to tilt, and perform plowing operations at a predetermined depth in the sand ginger black soil through the plow claw 23. At this time, the plow claw 23 is provided with multiple groups, which can control the hydraulic cylinder 24 at different positions to perform progressive extension and retraction, thereby making the plowing depth of multiple rows of plow claws 23 from shallow to deep, reducing the load of the plow claw 23, and at the same time using a layer-by-layer plowing method to achieve the cutting or pulling out of the roots of weeds in the sand ginger black soil.
[0045] S2. Separation and dispersion: When the plow claw 23 turns up the soil, the driving motor drives the driving wheel to operate, and the synchronous wheel 51 and the synchronous belt 52 are connected and transmitted, so that the cooperative ring 8 in the multiple mixing components 4 rotates. By adjusting the specific meshing position of the synchronous belt 52, the steering direction of the cooperative ring 8 can be switched, and the dividing rod 71 is driven by the cooperative ring 8 to rotate circumferentially. At this time, the turned-up soil enters the inner side of the dividing rod 71, and is then cut off by the cutting action of the dividing rod 71, thereby reducing its viscosity.
[0046] S3. Fertilizer mixing: During the operation of the sand ginger black soil being cut off and broken up by the dividing rod 71, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 1 falls along the fertilizer pipe 22 and the broadcasting pipe 21 and mixes with the sand ginger black soil to increase its organic matter content.
[0047] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A soil improvement device for reducing the stickiness of sand ginger black soil and increasing organic matter, comprising a fertilizer box (1) and organic fertilizer, wherein the organic fertilizer is piled in the fertilizer box (1), characterized in that: It also comprises a frame (2) and a mixing assembly (4), wherein a walking wheel (3) is mounted on the lower part of the frame (2) in a rotationally matched manner, a fertilizer box (1) is fixedly mounted at the rear part of the frame (2) in the forward direction, a sowing pipe (21) is fixedly mounted on the frame (2), the sowing pipe (21) is located below the fertilizer box (1), and the sowing pipe (21) and the fertilizer box (1) are connected via a fertilizer pipe (22); The mixing component (4) is movably mounted at the rear part of the frame (2) in the forward direction, and the mixing component (4) is located below the fertilizer box (1); the mixing component (4) comprises an angle frame (5), the angle frame (5) is fixedly mounted on the frame (2), a retaining ring (6) is fixedly mounted below the angle frame (5) in the tilting direction, a separation ring (7) is rotatably mounted inside the retaining ring (6), a plurality of separation rods (71) are circumferentially slidably mounted on the separation ring (7), synchronous wheels (51) are rotatably mounted on the upper part of the angle frame (5) in the tilting direction, the plurality of synchronous wheels (51) are connected and driven by synchronous belts (52), wherein driving wheels (53) are mounted on two of the angle frames (5) in a rotationally matched manner, the driving wheels (53) mesh with the synchronous belts (52), and one of the driving wheels (53) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor; A cooperative ring (8) is rotatably mounted above the angle frame (5) in the tilting direction, and the cooperative ring (8) is connected to the synchronous wheel (51) for transmission. The upper end of the partition rod (71) in the tilting direction is connected to the cooperative ring (8) via a compression spring (72), and a sawtooth groove (73) is provided at the lower end of the partition rod (71) in the tilting direction, and the sawtooth groove (73) faces the axial direction of the retaining ring (6).
2. The soil improvement device for reducing the stickiness of sandy black soil and increasing organic matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of plow claws (23) are arranged on the lower part of the frame (2), and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders (24) are installed on the frame (2) in an articulated manner, wherein the telescopic ends of the hydraulic cylinders (24) are articulated with the upper parts of the plow claws (23).
3. The soil improvement device for reducing the stickiness of sandy black soil and increasing organic matter according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the mixing components (4) are provided, and the plurality of mixing components (4) are arranged and installed at the rear part of the frame (2) in the forward direction, and the mixing components (4) are all installed at an angle.
4. The soil improvement device for reducing the viscosity of sandy black soil and increasing organic matter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inclination angle between the mixing component (4) and the horizontal direction is 0 to 45 degrees.
5. The soil improvement device for reducing the stickiness of sandy black soil and increasing organic matter according to claim 4, characterized in that: A waist-shaped groove (54) is provided in the middle of the angle frame (5), a lifting ring (55) is movably installed in the waist-shaped groove (54), a lifting rod (74) is rotatably installed in the middle of the partition rod (71), and the lifting rod (74) is rotatably fitted on the annular surface of the lifting ring (55).
6. The soil improvement device for reducing the viscosity of sandy black soil and increasing organic matter according to claim 5, characterized in that: A latch pin (56) for limiting the position of the separation ring (7) is fixedly mounted on the angle frame (5); a roller (61) is mounted on the inner ring surface of the retaining ring (6) in a rotationally engaged manner; the outer ring surface of the separation ring (7) is in rolling engagement with the roller (61); and the outer ring surface of the separation ring (7) is provided with a convex strip (75) protruding outwards.
7. A soil improvement method using the soil improvement device for reducing the viscosity of sandy black soil and increasing organic matter according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The specific method includes the following steps: S1. Soil plowing: first, a predetermined volume and weight of organic fertilizer is filled into a fertilizer box (1), and then, an existing agricultural vehicle traction frame (2) is used to travel over the mortar black soil. During the travel, according to the soil properties of the mortar black soil, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (24) is controlled to extend outward by a predetermined length, thereby pushing the plow claw (23) to tilt, and plowing operations of a predetermined depth layer are performed in the mortar black soil by the plow claw (23). At this time, the plow claw (23) is provided with multiple groups, and the hydraulic cylinders (24) at different positions can be controlled to be gradually extended and retracted, thereby making the plowing depth of the multiple rows of plow claws (23) from shallow to deep, thereby reducing the load of the plow claws (23), and at the same time, the roots of weeds in the mortar black soil are cut off or pulled out by using a layer-by-layer plowing method; S2, separation and dispersion: when the plow claw (23) turns up the soil, the driving motor drives the driving wheel to rotate and the synchronous wheel (51) and the synchronous belt (52) are connected and transmitted, so that the cooperative ring (8) in the plurality of mixing components (4) rotates. By adjusting the specific meshing orientation of the synchronous belt (52), the direction of the cooperative ring (8) can be switched, and the separation rod (71) is driven by the cooperative ring (8) to rotate in the circumferential direction. At this time, the turned-up soil enters the inner side of the separation rod (71), and is then cut off by the cutting action of the separation rod (71), thereby reducing its viscosity; S3, fertilizer mixing: During the operation of the mortar black soil being cut off and broken up by the dividing rod (71), the fertilizer in the fertilizer box (1) falls along the fertilizer pipe (22) and the sowing pipe (21) and mixes with the mortar black soil to increase its organic matter content.