Edible mushroom planting base soil improvement method

Abstract

The invention provides an edible mushroom planting base soil improvement method, and relates to the technical field of edible mushrooms. The edible mushroom planting base soil improvement method specifically comprises the following steps that S1, peat soil is laid; s2, scattering biochar; s3, spreading fermentation liquor; s4, laying straw or wheat straw; s5, uniformly scattering an auxiliary agent; s6, multi-point application. According to the technology, multiple layers of organic matters and gradient minerals are added, the soil structure and nutrient distribution are improved, the air permeability and the water retention capacity are enhanced, ultraviolet disinfection and biological bacterium liquid are synchronously used, harmful pathogenic bacteria are effectively killed, meanwhile, beneficial microorganisms are rapidly recovered, and photosynthetic bacterium liquid and biological enzyme liquid are regularly sprayed; the soil is always in the optimal state through multi-point application of the complex microbial inoculants, activation of the soil microenvironment and pH value adjustment, the yield and quality of the edible mushrooms are improved, diseases and insect pests are effectively prevented through biological barriers and triple spraying, use of chemical pesticides is reduced, and environmental protection and safety are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungi, and in particular to a method for improving soil in an edible fungi planting base. Background Art

[0002] Edible fungi refer to large fungi that can be eaten by humans. They are widely distributed in nature and have high nutritional and economic value. They usually grow on various substrates such as soil, trees, dead branches and leaves, and there are many types. Edible fungi are rich in protein, vitamins, minerals and various bioactive substances such as polysaccharides and polypeptides, and have high edible and medicinal value. Common edible fungi include shiitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, black fungus and ganoderma lucidum.

[0003] Existing soil improvement methods often only focus on the addition of a single material, such as a single organic fertilizer or mineral powder. Although this method can improve certain soil properties, it is difficult to comprehensively improve the comprehensive performance of the soil, resulting in limited improvement effects. Existing soil disinfection methods usually use chemical agents or high-temperature disinfection. Although these methods effectively kill harmful pathogens, they also cause serious damage to beneficial microorganisms. Beneficial microorganisms in the soil are an important factor in maintaining the health of the ecosystem, and excessive killing will affect the growth and yield of edible fungi. When adding minerals and nutrients, the existing technology usually adopts a one-time mixing method, which leads to uneven nutrient distribution and affects the growth of edible fungi. Uneven nutrient distribution not only affects yield, but may also lead to damage to soil structure. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for improving the soil of an edible fungus planting base, which solves the problem of uneven nutrition in the prior art that affects the growth of edible fungi.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a method for improving soil in an edible fungus planting base, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Laying peat soil

[0007] Choose special peat soil that is loose, breathable and well-drained, and evenly spread it on the surface of the planting base with a thickness of 20-30 cm;

[0008] S2. Spreading biochar

[0009] Sprinkle 10-15 kg of biochar evenly on the first layer of special peat soil;

[0010] S3. Spread the fermentation liquid

[0011] Sprinkle 2-3 liters of vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid evenly on the biochar;

[0012] S4. Straw or wheat straw laying

[0013] Sprinkle 10-15 kg of rice straw or wheat straw evenly on the fermented liquid;

[0014] S5. Spread the additive evenly

[0015] Evenly sprinkle 500 grams of marine mineral powder on the rice straw or wheat straw, evenly sprinkle 100 grams of plant growth promoter on the marine mineral powder, and then evenly sprinkle 50-100 grams of nano-silicon dioxide on the plant growth promoter;

[0016] S6 Multi-point donation

[0017] Use the multi-point application method to evenly spread 2-3 liters of compound bacterial agent and 5-10 kg of probiotic fermented solid matrix on the soil surface, set up one application point every 10 square meters, and spread 100-150 grams of compound bacterial agent and 300-500 grams of probiotic fermented solid matrix at each point.

[0018] Preferably, the method further comprises disinfecting the soil with an ultraviolet lamp after the material is added, the irradiation time is 2-3 hours, and immediately spraying 100-150 ml of biological bacterial liquid after the disinfection is completed to restore the beneficial microorganisms in the soil.

[0019] Preferably, the method further comprises spraying 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution and 1-2 liters of biological enzyme solution every other week after the soil is disinfected and restored, so as to improve the oxygen content of the soil and the decomposition rate of organic matter.

[0020] Preferably, the method further comprises using a pH meter to detect the pH value of the soil every 2-3 days, and gradually adding 50-100 grams of calcium alginate and 100-200 milliliters of amino acid buffer according to the test results to ensure that the pH value is adjusted to 5.5-6.5.

[0021] Preferably, the method further comprises setting up a biological barrier around the planting base, using cotton strips soaked in natural plant extracts (such as neem leaves, garlic, and tobacco leaves), one every 5 meters, and during the planting process, performing triple spraying every 10 days, spraying 100-200 ml of natural plant extracts to prevent diseases and insect pests, spraying 100-150 ml of a diluted solution of microbial nitrogen-fixing particles to provide a continuous supply of nitrogen, and spraying 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution to further activate beneficial microorganisms in the soil.

[0022] Preferably, the method further comprises setting up earthworm breeding boxes on the improved soil surface, with one box for every 10 square meters, containing 5-10 kilograms of earthworm fertilizer, setting up a microbial flora culture area in the planting base, and using the remaining composite bacterial agent and biological enzyme solution for regular spraying to maintain a healthy soil ecosystem.

[0023] Preferably, the special peat soil is a soil which is sterilized at a temperature of 120-140° C., inoculated with beneficial microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and then added with trace elements of iron, zinc and manganese.

[0024] The present invention provides a soil improvement method for an edible fungus planting base. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The invention provides a soil improvement method for an edible fungus planting base. The invention adds biochar, vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid and straw or wheat straw in layers. The technology not only improves the organic matter content of the soil, but also increases the porosity and water retention capacity of the soil. The multi-layer structure helps to maintain the air permeability and water balance of the soil, and provides a good environment for the growth of edible fungi. The technology of the invention adopts a method of gradient addition of marine mineral powder, plant growth promoter and nano silicon dioxide to ensure uniform distribution of nutrients and trace elements in the soil, which helps to improve the growth vitality and yield of edible fungi and enhance the stability and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil. The composite bacterial agent and probiotic fermentation solid matrix are added by a multi-point application method. The technology can effectively activate the microenvironment in the soil and promote the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms. A local high microbial activity area is formed around each application point, which gradually spreads to the entire soil, enhances the biological activity of the soil and the health of the ecosystem. The biological bacterial liquid is sprayed immediately after the soil is disinfected, and the beneficial microorganisms in the soil can be quickly restored. The method of combining disinfection and restoration not only kills harmful pathogens, but also minimizes the killing of beneficial microorganisms, and ensures the balance of microorganisms in the soil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for improving soil in an edible fungus planting base, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0029] S1. Laying peat soil

[0030] Choose special peat soil that is loose, breathable and well-drained, and evenly spread it on the surface of the planting base with a thickness of 20 cm;

[0031] S2. Spreading biochar

[0032] Sprinkle 10 kg of biochar evenly on the first layer of special peat soil;

[0033] S3. Spread the fermentation liquid

[0034] Sprinkle 2 liters of vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid evenly on the biochar;

[0035] S4. Straw or wheat straw laying

[0036] Evenly sprinkle 10 kg of rice straw or wheat straw on the fermented liquid;

[0037] S5. Spread the additive evenly

[0038] Evenly sprinkle 500 grams of marine mineral powder on the rice straw or wheat straw, evenly sprinkle 100 grams of plant growth promoter on the marine mineral powder, and then evenly sprinkle 50 grams of nano-silicon dioxide on the plant growth promoter;

[0039] S6 Multi-point donation

[0040] Use the multi-point application method to evenly spread 2 liters of compound bacterial agent and 5 kg of probiotic fermented solid matrix on the soil surface. Set up one application point every 10 square meters, and spread 100 grams of compound bacterial agent and 300 grams of probiotic fermented solid matrix at each point.

[0041] The method also includes using an ultraviolet lamp to disinfect the soil after the materials are added, with an irradiation time of 2 hours. After the disinfection is completed, 100 milliliters of biological bacterial solution is immediately sprayed to restore the beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The method also includes spraying 1 liter of photosynthetic bacteria solution and 1 liter of biological enzyme solution every other week after the soil is disinfected and restored to improve the oxygen content of the soil and the decomposition rate of organic matter.

[0042] The method also includes using a pH meter to test the pH value of the soil every 2 days, and gradually adding 50 grams of calcium alginate and 100 milliliters of amino acid buffer according to the test results to ensure that the pH value is adjusted to 5.5. The method also includes setting up biological barriers around the planting base, using cotton strips soaked in natural plant extracts (such as neem leaves, garlic, and tobacco leaves), setting one every 5 meters, and during the planting process, triple spraying every 10 days, spraying 100 milliliters of natural plant extracts to prevent pests and diseases, spraying 100 milliliters of diluted microbial nitrogen-fixing granules to provide a continuous supply of nitrogen, and spraying 1 liter of photosynthetic bacteria liquid to further activate beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The method also includes setting up earthworm breeding boxes on the surface of the improved soil, one for every 10 square meters, containing 5 kilograms of earthworm fertilizer, setting up a microbial flora culture area in the planting base, and using the remaining compound bacterial agents and biological enzyme liquid for regular spraying to maintain a healthy soil ecosystem. Special peat soil is made by sterilizing it at 120°C, inoculating it with beneficial microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and then adding trace elements of iron, zinc, and manganese.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for improving soil in an edible fungus planting base, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. Laying peat soil

[0046] Choose special peat soil that is loose, breathable and well-drained, and evenly spread it on the surface of the planting base with a thickness of 25 cm;

[0047] S2. Spreading biochar

[0048] Sprinkle 13 kg of biochar evenly on the first layer of special peat soil;

[0049] S3. Spread the fermentation liquid

[0050] Sprinkle 2 liters of vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid evenly on the biochar;

[0051] S4. Straw or wheat straw laying

[0052] Evenly sprinkle 13 kg of rice straw or wheat straw on the fermented liquid;

[0053] S5. Spread the additive evenly

[0054] Evenly sprinkle 500 grams of marine mineral powder on the rice straw or wheat straw, evenly sprinkle 100 grams of plant growth promoter on the marine mineral powder, and then evenly sprinkle 75 grams of nano-silicon dioxide on the plant growth promoter;

[0055] S6 Multi-point donation

[0056] Use the multi-point application method to evenly spread 2 liters of compound bacterial agent and 7 kg of probiotic fermented solid matrix on the soil surface. Set up one application point every 10 square meters, and spread 125 grams of compound bacterial agent and 400 grams of probiotic fermented solid matrix at each point.

[0057] The method also includes using ultraviolet light to disinfect the soil after the materials are added, with an irradiation time of 3 hours. After the disinfection is completed, 125 ml of biological bacterial solution is immediately sprayed to restore the beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The method also includes spraying 2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution and 1 liter of biological enzyme solution every other week after the soil is disinfected and restored to improve the oxygen content of the soil and the decomposition rate of organic matter.

[0058] The method also includes using a pH meter to test the pH value of the soil every 2 days, and gradually adding 75 grams of calcium alginate and 125 milliliters of amino acid buffer according to the test results to ensure that the pH value is adjusted to 6. The method also includes setting up biological barriers around the planting base, using cotton strips soaked in natural plant extracts (such as neem leaves, garlic, and tobacco leaves), one every 5 meters, and during the planting process, triple spraying every 10 days, spraying 125 milliliters of natural plant extracts to prevent pests and diseases, spraying 125 milliliters of diluted microbial nitrogen-fixing granules to provide a continuous supply of nitrogen, and spraying 1 liter of photosynthetic bacteria liquid to further activate beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The method also includes setting up earthworm breeding boxes on the surface of the improved soil, one for every 10 square meters, containing 6 kilograms of earthworm fertilizer, setting up a microbial flora culture area in the planting base, and using the remaining compound bacterial agents and biological enzyme liquid for regular spraying to maintain a healthy soil ecosystem. Special peat soil is made by sterilizing it at 130°C, inoculating it with beneficial microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and then adding trace elements of iron, zinc, and manganese.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for improving soil in an edible fungus planting base, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1. Laying peat soil

[0062] Choose special peat soil that is loose, breathable and well-drained, and evenly spread it on the surface of the planting base with a thickness of 20-30 cm;

[0063] S2. Spreading biochar

[0064] Sprinkle 15 kg of biochar evenly on the first layer of special peat soil;

[0065] S3. Spread the fermentation liquid

[0066] Sprinkle 3 liters of vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid evenly on the biochar;

[0067] S4. Straw or wheat straw laying

[0068] Evenly sprinkle 15 kg of rice straw or wheat straw on the fermented liquid;

[0069] S5. Spread the additive evenly

[0070] Evenly sprinkle 500 grams of marine mineral powder on the rice straw or wheat straw, evenly sprinkle 100 grams of plant growth promoter on the marine mineral powder, and then evenly sprinkle 100 grams of nano-silicon dioxide on the plant growth promoter;

[0071] S6 Multi-point donation

[0072] Use the multi-point application method to evenly spread 3 liters of compound bacterial agent and 10 kg of probiotic fermented solid matrix on the soil surface, set up one application point every 10 square meters, and spread 150 grams of compound bacterial agent and 500 grams of probiotic fermented solid matrix at each point.

[0073] The method also includes using ultraviolet light to disinfect the soil after the materials are added, with an irradiation time of 3 hours. After the disinfection is completed, 150 milliliters of biological bacterial solution is immediately sprayed to restore the beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The method also includes spraying 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution and 2 liters of biological enzyme solution every other week after the soil is disinfected and restored to improve the oxygen content of the soil and the decomposition rate of organic matter.

[0074] The method also includes using a pH meter to test the pH value of the soil every 3 days, and gradually adding 100 grams of calcium alginate and 200 milliliters of amino acid buffer according to the test results to ensure that the pH value is adjusted to 6.5. The method also includes setting up a biological barrier around the planting base, using cotton strips soaked in natural plant extracts (such as neem leaves, garlic, and tobacco leaves), setting one every 5 meters, and during the planting process, triple spraying every 10 days, spraying 200 milliliters of natural plant extracts to prevent pests and diseases, spraying 150 milliliters of diluted microbial nitrogen-fixing granules to provide a continuous supply of nitrogen, and spraying 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria liquid to further activate beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The method also includes setting up earthworm breeding boxes on the surface of the improved soil, one for every 10 square meters, containing 10 kilograms of earthworm fertilizer, setting up a microbial flora culture area in the planting base, and using the remaining compound bacterial agents and biological enzyme liquid for regular spraying to maintain a healthy soil ecosystem. Special peat soil is made by sterilizing it at 140°C, inoculating it with beneficial microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and then adding trace elements of iron, zinc, and manganese.

[0075] The present invention adds biochar, vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid and rice straw or wheat straw in layers, which not only increases the organic matter content of the soil, but also increases the porosity and water retention capacity of the soil. This multi-layered structure helps to maintain the air permeability and water balance of the soil, providing a good environment for the growth of edible fungi. The present technology adopts the method of gradient addition of marine mineral powder, plant growth promoter and nano-silicon dioxide to ensure that the nutrients and trace elements in the soil are evenly distributed. This helps to improve the growth vitality and yield of edible fungi, while enhancing the stability and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil.

[0076] The present invention adds composite bacterial agents and probiotic fermentation solid matrix through a multi-point application method. This technology can effectively activate the microenvironment in the soil and promote the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms. A local high microbial activity area is formed around each application point, which gradually spreads to the entire soil, enhancing the biological activity of the soil and the health of the ecosystem. Spraying biological bacterial liquid immediately after soil disinfection can quickly restore the beneficial microorganisms in the soil. This method of combining disinfection and recovery not only kills harmful pathogens, but also minimizes the killing of beneficial microorganisms, ensuring the balance of microorganisms in the soil.

[0077] The technology of the present invention sprays photosynthetic bacteria liquid and biological enzyme liquid every other week to improve the oxygen content and organic matter decomposition rate of the soil. This helps to maintain the health of the soil ecosystem and provide support for the sustained growth of edible fungi. By adjusting the pH value of the soil by pH, this technology can ensure that the soil is always within a suitable pH range. This fine adjustment method helps to optimize the growth environment of edible fungi and improve yield and quality. A biological barrier is set up around the planting base, and triple spraying (natural plant extract, dilution of microbial nitrogen-fixing particles and photosynthetic bacteria liquid) is carried out to effectively prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. These measures are not only environmentally friendly, but also reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and improve the safety and market competitiveness of edible fungi. By setting up earthworm breeding boxes and microbial flora culture areas on the soil surface, this technology can achieve self-sustaining soil ecosystems. The continuous activity of earthworms and beneficial microorganisms helps to decompose organic matter, improve soil structure, and provide a continuous supply of nutrients.

[0078] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for improving soil in an edible fungus planting base, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Laying peat soil Choose special peat soil that is loose, breathable and well-drained, and evenly spread it on the surface of the planting base with a thickness of 20-30 cm; S2. Spreading biochar Sprinkle 10-15 kg of biochar evenly on the first layer of special peat soil; S3. Spread the fermentation liquid Sprinkle 2-3 liters of vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid evenly on the biochar; S4. Straw or wheat straw laying Sprinkle 10-15 kg of rice straw or wheat straw evenly on the fermented liquid; S5. Spread the additive evenly Evenly sprinkle 500 grams of marine mineral powder on the rice straw or wheat straw, evenly sprinkle 100 grams of plant growth promoter on the marine mineral powder, and then evenly sprinkle 50-100 grams of nano-silicon dioxide on the plant growth promoter; S6 Multi-point donation Use the multi-point application method to evenly spread 2-3 liters of compound bacterial agent and 5-10 kg of probiotic fermented solid matrix on the soil surface, set up one application point every 10 square meters, and spread 100-150 grams of compound bacterial agent and 300-500 grams of probiotic fermented solid matrix at each point.

2. The method for improving soil in an edible fungus planting base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes disinfecting the soil with an ultraviolet lamp after the material is added, with the irradiation time being 2-3 hours. After the disinfection is completed, 100-150 ml of biological bacterial liquid is immediately sprayed to restore the beneficial microorganisms in the soil.

3. The method for improving soil in an edible fungus planting base according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method also includes spraying 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution and 1-2 liters of biological enzyme solution every other week after the soil is disinfected and restored, so as to improve the oxygen content of the soil and the decomposition rate of organic matter.

4. The method for improving soil in an edible fungus planting base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes using a pH meter to detect the pH value of the soil every 2-3 days, and gradually adding 50-100 grams of calcium alginate and 100-200 milliliters of amino acid buffer according to the test results to ensure that the pH value is adjusted to 5.5-6.

5.

5. The method for improving soil in an edible fungus planting base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes setting up biological barriers around the planting base, using cotton strips soaked in natural plant extracts, one every 5 meters, and during the planting process, performing triple spraying every 10 days, spraying 100-200 milliliters of natural plant extracts to prevent pests and diseases, spraying 100-150 milliliters of a diluted solution of microbial nitrogen-fixing particles to provide a continuous supply of nitrogen, and spraying 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution.

6. The method for improving soil in an edible fungus planting base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes setting up earthworm breeding boxes on the improved soil surface, one for every 10 square meters, containing 5-10 kilograms of earthworm fertilizer, setting up a microbial flora culture area in the planting base, and using the remaining composite bacterial agent and biological enzyme solution for regular spraying.

7. The method for improving soil in an edible fungus planting base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The special peat soil is a soil which is sterilized at a temperature of 120-140° C., inoculated with beneficial microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-dissolving bacteria, and then added with trace elements of iron, zinc and manganese.