Biological conditioner for improving coastal salinized soil and promoting growth of crops and application of biological conditioner

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological conditioner for improving coastal salinized soil and promoting crop growth and application, and belongs to the technical field of soil improvement and crop cultivation. The biological conditioner is prepared from micromolecular organic carbon, polyglutamic acid, azotobacter chroococcum BNCC192292 and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and the compounding ratio of the micromolecular organic carbon to the polyglutamic acid to the azotobacter chroococcum BNCC192292 to the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 1: 1. The raw materials of the biological conditioner are reasonably compounded, and each raw material has specific functions: the micromolecular organic carbon and the polyglutamic acid not only do not increase the salt content of soil, but also can effectively increase the organic matter content and the total nitrogen content of the soil, and are organic carriers for good survival of effective bacteria; azotobacter chroococcum and bacillus amyloliquefaciens can increase the total nitrogen content of soil and increase the crop yield. The whole biological conditioner not only can remarkably reduce the salt content of soil, promote crop germination, improve the microbial activity of soil and increase the crop yield, but also has the advantages of being sufficient in raw materials, low in cost, easy to implement, green, environmentally friendly and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement and crop cultivation, and in particular relates to a biological conditioner for improving coastal saline soil and promoting crop growth and its application. Background Art

[0002] The problem of saline soil is a relatively serious ecological and environmental problem. Coastal saline-alkali land is an important part of saline soil, but this area is directly or indirectly affected by seawater or tides, seawater is prone to backflow, and the groundwater has a high salt content, so the salinization problem is particularly prominent. The excessive base ion content and high pH pressure in saline-alkali soil will cause the soil fertility to decline, affect the growth of crop roots, hinder their absorption and utilization of water and nutrients, inhibit crop growth and development, and lead to crop yield reduction. It is estimated that 1 / 3 of grain production reduction is related to the reduction of soil organic matter and land degradation, which seriously affects the development of agriculture. Therefore, alleviating soil salinization and increasing crop yields are of great significance to the high-quality development of agriculture.

[0003] At present, the methods for improving saline-alkali land mainly involve three basic policies: physical, chemical and biological. Patent CN118077358A involves a method for improving saline-alkali land soil, including using a salt washing production line to reduce the pH of saline-alkali land soil, using a batching production line to improve the soil, and subsequent planting and maintenance steps. Specific steps include soil cleaning, mud screening, water and soil separation, soil improvement, saline-alkali land arrangement, etc. Patent CN117521411A simulates a variety of crop generation schemes for saline-alkali land by simulation, and proposes a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for coordinated improvement of saline-alkali land irrigation, drainage and fertilization. These methods aim to improve the soil environment of saline-alkali land and increase crop yields by optimizing the synergistic effects of irrigation, drainage and fertilization. However, there are many problems such as large labor volume, high investment cost and short maintenance time. Therefore, exploring saline-alkali land improvement materials and methods with simple technology, low cost and environmental friendliness is an important goal and direction of saline-alkali land improvement.

[0004] As one of the main types of medium- and low-yield fields in my country, saline-alkali land is widely distributed and has low soil carbon and nitrogen content. Therefore, saline-alkali soil has great potential for nitrogen and carbon fixation. Studies have shown that adding organic matter can increase soil carbon and nitrogen reserves, but different organic matter has different effects on improving saline-alkali land, and there are also some problems. For example, the types, sources and nutrient content of organic fertilizers vary greatly, the application amount is not easy to control, and the fertilizer effect is released slowly, which is difficult to meet the needs of rapid crop growth; the planting and management of green manure crops requires certain technology and experience, the management is difficult and the crop growth cycle is long; and the production cost of biochar is high, it is difficult to promote and use on a large scale, and it is an alkaline substance itself. The application technology in saline-alkali land improvement is not mature enough and needs further research and improvement. Zhao Huili et al. found that the application of desulfurized gypsum + straw can significantly increase the proportion of microbial biomass nitrogen and large aggregates, but the composition of desulfurized gypsum contains sulfate, which may aggravate the inhibition of nitrification, and the addition of straw will increase CO2 emissions. The microorganisms in the microbial agent can reproduce in the soil, thereby improving the soil nutrient status, increasing soil enzyme activity, increasing microbial diversity, and providing a good living environment for crop growth. CN 118308114A discloses a biological soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali land and its preparation method. The patent application uses citric acid-modified chitosan, biomass carbon nanotubes, mixed straw powder, humic acid, urea, microbial agents and calcium dihydrogen phosphate to prepare the conditioner, which can effectively adjust the soil pH, increase the activity of microorganisms in the soil, and promote the recovery of organic matter. However, the high salt content of saline-alkali soil poses a challenge to the survival and reproduction of microorganisms. Some microbial agents may not be able to survive or perform their functions effectively in a high-salinity environment, thereby affecting the improvement effect, and the organic matter content is low, which is not conducive to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Although microbial agents can supplement beneficial bacteria, their effects may be limited in an environment lacking organic matter.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to carry out more extensive regulatory measures based on the above measures. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a biological conditioner for improving coastal saline soil and promoting crop growth and its application. The conditioner is made of small molecule organic carbon, polyglutamic acid, brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria agent and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens agent as raw materials, and has the advantages of sufficient raw materials, low cost, easy implementation, green and environmental protection, etc. It can significantly reduce soil salt content, promote crop germination, improve soil microbial activity, and increase crop yield.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a biological conditioner for improving coastal saline soil and promoting crop growth, the raw material components of which include small molecule organic carbon, polyglutamic acid, brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and the biological conditioner is made by mixing small molecule organic carbon liquid fertilizer, polyglutamic acid liquid fertilizer, brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid.

[0009] Furthermore, the content of active small molecule organic carbon in the small molecule organic carbon liquid fertilizer is ≥110 g / L.

[0010] Furthermore, the polyglutamic acid content in the polyglutamic acid liquid fertilizer is 4-6%.

[0011] Furthermore, the brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria is brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria BNCC192292.

[0012] Furthermore, the effective viable counts in the brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution and the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution are both 2.0 to 2.5×10 8 cfu / ml.

[0013] Furthermore, the volume ratio of the small molecule organic carbon liquid fertilizer, the polyglutamic acid liquid fertilizer, the brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid and the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid is (1.2-1.3): (0.75-1.25): (0.75-1.25): (0.75-1.25).

[0014] Furthermore, the volume ratio of the brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution to the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution is 1:1.

[0015] The second object of the present invention is to provide an application of the biological conditioner in improving coastal saline soil and / or promoting crop growth.

[0016] Furthermore, the application is application in promoting crop germination.

[0017] Furthermore, the application is to promote crop growth and increase crop yield.

[0018] The soil conditioner in the present invention is obtained through multiple formulation improvements and germination test verification, and can improve soil nitrogen fixation capacity, balance soil nutrients, reduce soil salt content, alleviate continuous cropping obstacles, and improve crop yield and quality. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) It also has the functions of reducing coastal soil salinization, increasing soil organic matter, and improving crop yields.

[0020] (2) The raw materials are rationally compounded, and each raw material has a specific function: small molecular organic carbon and polyglutamic acid do not increase the salt content of the soil, but effectively increase the organic matter content and total nitrogen content of the soil, and are good organic carriers for the survival of effective bacteria; brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can increase the total nitrogen content of the soil and improve crop yields.

[0021] (3) The field application method is simple and it is a farmer-friendly microbial fertilizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 These are photos of the brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria in Example 1 of the present invention grown in culture media with different salt concentrations for one day;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the number of live bacteria of brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria after one day of growth under different salt concentration conditions in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 These are photos of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens grown in culture medium with different salt concentrations for one day in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens after one day of growth under different salt concentration conditions in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 to Figure 7 The photos are of the germination of wheat seeds in Example 4 of the present invention grown for 4 days under the conditions of 1%, 3% and 5% salt concentrations respectively;

[0027] Figure 8 to Figure 10 The photos are of the germination of wheat seeds in Example 4 of the present invention grown for 7 days under the conditions of 1%, 3% and 5% salt concentrations respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, modifications or substitutions made to the methods, steps or conditions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention. The products, equipment, etc. used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified, and the methods used are consistent with conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0029] The culture medium used in the present invention is:

[0030] LB solid medium: 10 g tryptone, 5 g yeast powder, 10 g sodium chloride, 15 g agar powder, and 1000 ml water.

[0031] LB liquid culture medium: 10 g tryptone, 5 g yeast powder, 10 g sodium chloride, and 1000 ml water.

[0032] The raw materials used in the present invention are:

[0033] Small molecule organic carbon fertilizer (active small molecule organic carbon content ≥110g / L, Beijing Aiglu International Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.), polyglutamic acid fertilizer (polyglutamic acid content 5% (volume percentage), Beijing Aiglu International Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.), brown ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria (BNCC192292, Beijing Jiuyan Technology Co., Ltd.), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Hebei Runwo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., fertilizer registration certificate number: Microbial Fertilizer (2021) Approval No. (10647)).

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0035] Example 1 Determination of salt tolerance of brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria BNCC192292

[0036] The strain was inoculated into 100 ml LB liquid medium and cultured in a constant temperature incubator for 12 hours under shaking. Then, it was inoculated into LB solid medium with salt concentrations (salinity adjusted with NaCl reagent) of 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, and cultured at 29°C for 1 day. The culture dish photo is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the total number of single colonies on the test culture medium is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0037] Depend on Figure 1-2 It can be seen that the colony number of brown ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria BNCC192292 is larger at 1% salt concentration, and the colony number at 3% and 0% salt concentrations is basically the same.

[0038] Example 2 Determination of salt tolerance of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

[0039] The strain was inoculated into 100 ml LB liquid medium and cultured in a constant temperature incubator for 12 hours under shaking. Then, it was inoculated into LB solid medium with salt concentrations (salinity adjusted with NaCl reagent) of 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, and cultured at 29°C for 1 day. The culture dish photo is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the total number of single colonies on the test culture medium is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0040] Depend on Figure 3-4 It can be seen that the colony number of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is larger at 1% salt concentration, and the colony number is basically the same at 3% and 0% salt concentrations.

[0041] Example 3 Optimal compounding ratio of two bacterial agents at different salt concentrations

[0042] The two strains in Examples 1 and 2 were inoculated into 100 ml LB liquid culture medium, respectively, and cultured in a constant temperature incubator with shaking for 12 hours, and OD600 was adjusted to 1, and compounded in LB liquid culture medium with salt concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% according to a ratio of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1, respectively, and cultured in a constant temperature shaking box at 29°C for 24 hours, and the OD value was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0043] Table 1 OD600 values ​​of two bacterial agents cultured under different salt concentration conditions

[0044]

[0045] The results in Table 1 show that under three salinization conditions (1%, 3%, and 5%), when the ratio of Azotobacter nitrogen-fixing bacteria to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was 1:1, the combined activity of the two bacteria was the highest; under 1% salinization, the OD600 value of 1:1 increased by 1.94% and 10.06% compared with 1:2 and 2:1, respectively; under 3% salinization, the OD600 value of 1:1 increased by 6.07% and 0.15% compared with 1:2 and 2:1, respectively; under 5% salinization, the OD600 value of 1:1 increased by 3.34% and 1.51% compared with 1:2 and 2:1, respectively.

[0046] Example 4 The growth-promoting effect of two bacterial agents on wheat at different salt concentrations

[0047] First, the bacterial liquids of brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were prepared respectively. The effective viable bacterial count of brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the bacterial liquid of brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria was 2.39×10 8 CFU / mL, the effective viable count of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens culture liquid was 2.12×l0 8 CFU / mL.

[0048] Then 24 treatments were set up, with three replicates for each treatment. The 24 treatments were the following 8 treatments at 1%, 3%, and 5% salt concentrations: 1) clean water (CK); 2) a bacterial agent with a ratio of 1:1 (10mL:10mL) of brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution (A1); 3) a bacterial agent with a ratio of 1:2 (10mL:20mL) of brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution (A2); 4) a bacterial agent with a ratio of 2:1 (20mL:10mL) of brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution (A3); 5) a conditioning agent with a volume ratio of 1.25:1 (12.5mL:10mL) of small molecule organic carbon fertilizer + polyglutamic acid fertilizer (B); 6) a bacterial agent with a volume ratio of 1.25:1 (12.5mL:10mL) of small molecule organic carbon fertilizer + polyglutamic acid fertilizer (B); A conditioner (B1) in which the ratio of acid fertilizer + brown ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution + Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution is 1.25:1:1:1 (12.5mL:10mL:10mL:10mL); 7) a conditioner (B2) in which the ratio of small molecule organic carbon fertilizer + polyglutamate fertilizer + brown ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution + Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution is 1.25:1:1:2 (12.5mL:10mL:10mL:20mL); 8) a conditioner (B3) in which the ratio of small molecule organic carbon fertilizer + polyglutamate fertilizer + brown ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution is 1.25:1:2:1 (12.5mL:10mL:20mL:10mL).

[0049] Then select plump, pest-free, and similar-sized Cangmai 6002 wheat seeds, place them in water 5 times the amount of seeds, and stir gently for about 15 minutes. Wash with 75% ethanol for 30 seconds, then rinse with ultrapure water, then soak in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 15 minutes, and finally rinse with ultrapure water. Place the washed wheat seeds in a culture dish covered with qualitative filter paper, 10 seeds in each culture dish, and add a total of 10 ml of liquid to the culture dish. Place in a light incubator for 7 days, with a light-dark time distribution of 1:2. Observe the germination and growth of the wheat, and the results are as follows: Figures 5 to 10 The germination rate of wheat was calculated and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0050] Table 2 Germination rate of wheat under different treatments (%)

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] The results in Table 2 show that the germination rate of wheat in each treatment has increased. Among them, the A1 treatment has the most significant effect in the single bacterial fertilizer treatment. The germination rate of wheat in the A1 treatment increased by 10.81% compared with the CK treatment. In the treatments of applying small molecule carbon fertilizer, polyglutamic acid fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer in different proportions, the B1 treatment has the best effect. Compared with the CK treatment, the germination rate of wheat increased by 14.87%. This shows that the compound bacterial fertilizer has a growth-promoting effect on wheat germination, among which the brown ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens compound ratio is 1:1, and the growth-promoting effect is the most obvious. The experiment shows that on the basis of applying organic fertilizer, the application of compound bacterial agents also promotes the germination rate of wheat. Among them, the germination rate of wheat in the B1 treatment increased by 3.66% compared with the A1 treatment. Therefore, the best effect is achieved when the brown ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens compound ratio is 1:1 in the compound bacterial fertilizer.

[0054] Example 5 Effects of the combination of four substances on wheat and corn yields and soil indicators

[0055] The maize variety Wei Ke 702 and the wheat variety Cangmai 6002 were used for the experiment. The treatments were as follows: (1) CK: control; (2) T1: low molecular organic carbon fertilizer (75 L / hm 2 )+ polyglutamic acid fertilizer (60L / hm 2 ); (3) T2: Brown ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution (75L / hm 2 )+Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution (75L / hm 2 ); (4) T3: small molecule organic carbon fertilizer (75L / hm 2 )+ polyglutamic acid fertilizer (60L / hm 2 )+Brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution (60L / hm 2 )+Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution (60L / hm 2 ). The effective live bacteria counts in the broth of Azotobacter sphaeroides and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were the same as those in Example 4. The effects of each treatment on the yield of wheat and corn and soil indicators in slightly salinized farmland (salt content 1.12 g / kg) are shown in Table 3, and the effects on the yield of wheat and corn and the water-soluble salt content in soil in moderately salinized farmland (salt content 2.05 g / kg) are shown in Table 4.

[0056] Table 3 Effects on wheat and corn yields and soil indicators in slightly salinized farmland (salt content 1.12 g / kg)

[0057]

[0058] As shown in Table 3, all treatments increased the yield of wheat and corn and soil nutrients compared with CK, and reduced soil pH and salt content. The effect of T3 treatment was higher than that of T1 and T2 treatments. The yield of wheat and corn in each treatment increased by 0.79% to 7.90% and 6.46% to 9.30% respectively compared with CK, and the highest yield of T3 treatment was 5688.77 kg / hm 2 (wheat), 12285.48kg / hm 2 (Corn). The pH and salt content of each treatment were reduced by 0.95% to 2.79% and 6.86% to 15.69% compared with CK, respectively. The organic matter content of T1, T2, and T3 treatments increased by 5.35%, 6.39%, and 7.21% respectively compared with CK, and the total nitrogen increased by 14.29%, 18.37%, and 21.43%; compared with CK, the chlorophyll content of wheat and corn in T3 treatment increased by 3.99% and 6.31%, respectively.

[0059] Table 4 Effects of wheat and corn yields and soil water-soluble salt content on moderately salinized farmland (salt content 2.05 g / kg)

[0060]

[0061] As can be seen from Table 4, each treatment increased the yield of wheat and corn and soil nutrients, and reduced soil pH and salt content compared with CK. The highest yield of T3 treatment was 4772.98 kg / hm 2 (wheat), 11289.35kg / hm 2 (corn), increased by 29.04% and 14.43% compared with CK; pH and salt content decreased by 0.81% to 2.90% and 3.03% to 9.09% compared with CK, respectively;

[0062] The organic matter of T1, T2 and T3 treatments increased by 6.09%, 6.86% and 7.54% respectively compared with CK, and the total nitrogen increased by 9.33%, 13.33% and 21.33% respectively; compared with CK, the chlorophyll content of wheat and corn in T3 treatment increased by 5.12% and 3.09% respectively.

[0063] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological conditioner for improving coastal saline soil and promoting crop growth, characterized in that: The raw material components include small molecule organic carbon, polyglutamic acid, brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and are prepared by mixing small molecule organic carbon liquid fertilizer, polyglutamic acid liquid fertilizer, brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid.

2. The biological conditioning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that The content of active small molecule organic carbon in the small molecule organic carbon liquid fertilizer is ≥110 g / L.

3. The biological conditioning agent according to claim 2, characterized in that The polyglutamic acid content in the polyglutamic acid liquid fertilizer is 4-6%.

4. The biological conditioning agent according to claim 3, characterized in that The brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria is brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria BNCC192292.

5. The biological conditioning agent according to claim 4, characterized in that The effective viable bacteria counts in the brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution and the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacteria solution are both 2.0 to 2.5×10 8 cfu / ml.

6. The biological conditioning agent according to claim 5, characterized in that The volume ratio of the small molecule organic carbon liquid fertilizer, the polyglutamic acid liquid fertilizer, the brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid and the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid is (1.2-1.3): (0.75-1.25): (0.75-1.25): (0.75-1.25).

7. The biological conditioning agent according to claim 6, characterized in that The volume ratio of the brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid to the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid is 1:

1.

8. Use of the biological conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in improving coastal saline soil and / or promoting crop growth.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The application is application in promoting germination of crops.

10. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The application is application in promoting crop growth and increasing crop yield.

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