Intelligent rice and wheat seeder

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic sowing, and discloses an intelligent rice and wheat seeder, comprising a sowing unit, wherein the sowing unit comprises a furrow opener, a seeding mechanism, a soil covering mechanism, a pressing mechanism and a transmission mechanism, wherein the furrow opener is used for realizing furrowing operation; the seeding mechanism comprises a shell, wherein a seed box is formed at the upper part of the shell, and a seeding conveyor belt and a closed conveyor belt are installed side by side in the lower part of the shell, wherein a seed outlet is formed at the bottom ends of the seeding conveyor belt and the closed conveyor belt, and the seeding mechanism cancels the design of a seed guide tube, thereby effectively avoiding the influence on sowing accuracy caused by poor seed fluidity, clogging of the seed guide tube by soil, etc.; the pressing mechanism comprises a pressing roller, wherein the pressing roller is connected to the shell of the seeding mechanism through a rotating arm and an auxiliary arm, and when the sowing unit moves forward, the pressing roller is pressed against the ground and rolls, thereby realizing the pressing operation after soil covering to compact the soil, and the pressing roller is also connected to the seeding conveyor belt through the transmission mechanism, thereby effectively ensuring the accuracy of the sowing spacing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automatic sowing, in particular to an intelligent rice and wheat sowing machine. Background Art

[0002] A rice and wheat seeder is a device used in the rice and wheat sowing process to achieve auxiliary sowing of rice and wheat. It usually includes four core components: a furrow opener, a seeding mechanism, a soil covering mechanism, and a suppression mechanism. When working, the furrow opener opens a furrow in the soil, the seeding mechanism plants the seeds evenly and orderly in the furrow, the soil covering mechanism covers the seeds in the furrow, and the suppression mechanism suppresses the soil to compact it, thereby completing the sowing operation.

[0003] During the seeding process, seeds must fall evenly and orderly into the furrows created by the furrow opener. Specifically, only one seed must fall at a time, and the spacing between two adjacent dropped seeds must be roughly the same. This requires high design precision for the seeding mechanism. In conventional seeding machines, the seeding mechanism often features a seed guide tube installed behind the seeding mechanism. After separation, the seeds are guided by the seed guide tube and fall into a set position within the furrow. Because seeding machines often do not travel at a constant speed during seeding (for example, speed varies when traveling on slopes or undulating terrain), to ensure roughly consistent seed spacing within the furrows, the seeding mechanism design must match the seeding timing with the actual speed of the seeding mechanism. This is complex and difficult to implement. Even so, since the seeds separated by the seeding mechanism fall through the seed guide tube under their own weight, they are affected by collisions, adhesion, frictional resistance, and other factors within the tube. The time it takes for each seed to fall is uncontrollable, making it difficult to control the spacing between adjacent dropped seeds and ensuring seeding accuracy.

[0004] In order to ensure the seed landing position, the bottom of the seed guide tube is usually set close to the soil. The flying soil during the trenching and covering operations can easily cause the bottom of the seed guide tube to be blocked by soil. At the same time, the rice and wheat seeds themselves have strong adhesion, or the seed humidity is too high or too low, or the inclination angle of the seed guide tube is too small, which will lead to poor fluidity of the rice and wheat seeds in the seed guide tube, which will affect the sowing quality and thus affect the rice and wheat yield.

[0005] Furthermore, in rice and wheat planting, ensuring good seeding depth is a prerequisite for ensuring seedling emergence rates. Sowing too deep or too shallow can affect seeding quality. Seeder designs typically employ multiple furrowing units side by side to simultaneously operate multiple rows and improve efficiency. Existing seeders typically measure seeding depth by measuring the overall height of the seeder relative to the ground. This results in errors in controlling the seeding depth of each individual seeding unit (furrowing unit), preventing each unit from meeting the required seeding depth, which impacts seeding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an intelligent rice and wheat seeder.

[0007] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] An intelligent rice and wheat seeder comprises a sowing unit, wherein the sowing unit comprises a furrow opener, a seeding mechanism, a soil covering mechanism, a pressing mechanism and a transmission mechanism;

[0009] The furrow opener includes a sliding cutting head and two tail wing plates, one end of the sliding cutting head is pointed, one end of the two tail wing plates is connected to the other end of the sliding cutting head, and the two tail wing plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center line of the sliding cutting head;

[0010] The seeding mechanism includes a shell, a seed box is formed on the upper part of the shell, and a seeding conveyor belt and a closed conveyor belt are installed side by side in the lower part of the shell.

[0011] The seeding conveyor belt includes a connected seeding straight section and a seeding vertical section, and the closed conveyor belt includes a connected closed straight section and a closed vertical section. The top surface of the seeding straight section is in close contact with the bottom surface of the closed straight section, and one side of the seeding vertical section is in close contact with one side of the closed vertical section.

[0012] The seeding straight section extends to the outside of the end of the closed straight section away from the closed vertical section and is located below the seed box. The seeding conveyor belt is evenly spaced along the center line of its belt surface. A seed scraping rod is fixedly arranged in the shell. The seed scraping rod is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the seeding conveyor belt. The seed scraping rod is arranged close to the top surface of the seeding straight section and close to the end of the closed straight section away from the closed vertical section.

[0013] A seed outlet is formed between the bottom end of the seed discharging vertical section and the bottom end of the closed vertical section, the furrow opener is fixedly connected to the housing, and the seed outlet is arranged between the two tail wing plates;

[0014] The soil covering mechanism includes a soil covering frame connected to the furrow opener, and two soil covering plates are rotatably provided on the soil covering frame, and the two soil covering plates are respectively provided at one end of the two tail wing plates away from the sliding cutting head, and the two soil covering plates are arranged in an eight-shaped shape opening toward the sliding cutting head;

[0015] The pressing mechanism includes a pressing roller, a rotating arm and an auxiliary arm, the rotating arm and the auxiliary arm are parallel, the two ends of the pressing roller are rotatably connected to one end of the rotating arm and one end of the auxiliary arm respectively, the other end of the rotating arm and the other end of the auxiliary arm are respectively connected to the two sides of the shell, the axis of the pressing roller is perpendicular to the center line of the sliding cutting head, and the pressing roller is arranged on the side of the soil covering mechanism away from the furrow device;

[0016] The pressing roller is connected to the seeding conveyor belt through the transmission mechanism.

[0017] Specifically, a first upper transmission roller, a first steering roller, a first lower transmission roller, a second upper transmission roller, a second steering roller and a second lower transmission roller are rotatably provided in the shell; the first upper transmission roller and the first steering roller are arranged at the same height, the first lower transmission roller is arranged directly below the first upper transmission roller, and the inner side of the seeding conveyor belt is connected by the first upper transmission roller, the first steering roller and the first lower transmission roller; the second upper transmission roller and the second steering roller are arranged at the same height, the second lower transmission roller is arranged directly below the second upper transmission roller, and the inner side of the closed conveyor belt is connected by the second upper transmission roller, the second steering roller and the second lower transmission roller, and the outer side of the closed conveyor belt, the seeding conveyor belt and the first steering roller are tightly attached in sequence.

[0018] Specifically, the transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a chain. The driving sprocket is coaxially fixedly connected to the pressing roller, the driven sprocket is connected to the first steering roller, and the chain is connected through the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket.

[0019] Specifically, the transmission mechanism also includes a transmission box, which is fixedly connected to the housing. A transmission shaft is rotatably provided in the transmission box. The driven sprocket is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft. A first bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft. A second bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the first steering roller. The first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a horizontal frame, there are several sowing units, several of the sowing units are arranged side by side with equal horizontal intervals, several of the shells are connected to the horizontal frame so that they can slide up and down, and the sowing unit also includes a first push rod motor, which is used to push the shell to slide on the horizontal frame.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a controller, and the sowing unit also includes a tension sensor and a spring. The end of the rotating arm away from the pressing roller and the end of the auxiliary arm away from the pressing roller are both rotatably connected to the shell. The rotating axis of the rotating arm and the auxiliary arm rotating relative to the shell is coaxially arranged with the driven sprocket, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the rotating arm and the shell. The tension sensor is used to detect the tension of the spring, and the tension sensor and the first push rod motor are both electrically connected to the controller.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a transfer frame and a second push rod motor. The horizontal frame is rotatably connected to the transfer frame. The rotation axis of the horizontal frame relative to the transfer frame is parallel to the axis of the pressure roller. The second push rod motor is used to push the horizontal frame to rotate on the transfer frame. A gyroscope is installed in the middle of the horizontal frame. The gyroscope and the second push rod motor are both electrically connected to the controller.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a suspension frame and a third push rod motor. The intermediate transfer frame is rotatably connected to the suspension frame. The rotation axis of the intermediate transfer frame relative to the suspension frame is parallel to the center line of the sliding cutting head. The third push rod motor is used to drive the intermediate transfer frame to rotate on the suspension frame. The third push rod motor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0024] Furthermore, the sowing unit also includes a detection mechanism, which includes a laser emitter and a laser receiver that are relatively arranged, and the laser emitter and the laser receiver are both fixedly connected to the rotating arm. The laser emitter and the laser receiver are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the chain, and the detection mechanism is electrically connected to the controller.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The intelligent rice and wheat seeder of the present invention includes a sowing unit, which includes a furrow opener, a seeding mechanism, a soil covering mechanism, a pressing mechanism and a transmission mechanism, and can realize the whole process of furrowing, sowing, soil covering and pressing. The seeding mechanism includes a shell, the upper part of the shell forms a seed box, the lower part of the shell is provided with a seeding conveyor belt and a closed conveyor belt installed side by side, the bottom ends of the seeding conveyor belt and the closed conveyor belt form a seed outlet, and the seeds in the seed box are discharged in an orderly manner under the clamping and conveying of the seeding conveyor belt and the closed conveyor belt. The seeding mechanism cancels the design of the seed guide tube, which can effectively avoid the influence of poor seed fluidity, soil clogging in the seed guide tube and the like on the sowing accuracy; the furrow opener includes a sliding cutting head and two tail wing plates, which are used to realize the furrowing operation process, and the seed outlet of the seeding mechanism is arranged between the two tail wing plates, and the discharged seeds are discharged in an orderly manner. The seeds can accurately fall into the groove opened by the furrow opener; the covering mechanism includes a covering plate, which can squeeze the soil laterally to achieve tight covering; the pressing mechanism includes a pressing roller, which is connected to the shell of the seeding mechanism through a rotating arm and an auxiliary arm. When the seeding unit moves forward, the pressing roller presses on the ground and rolls to compact the covering soil tightly. The pressing roller is also connected to the seeding conveyor belt through a transmission mechanism. The number of rotations of the pressing roller is linearly related to the conveying distance of the seeding conveyor belt, which can ensure that the seeding unit travels the same distance each time the seeding mechanism sows seeds, effectively ensuring the accuracy of the seeding spacing.

[0027] The intelligent rice and wheat seeder of the present invention also includes a mounting assembly, comprising a suspension frame, a central rotating frame, and a horizontal frame. The suspension frame is rotatably connected to the suspension frame, with its rotation axis parallel to the centerline of the sliding cutter head. The horizontal frame is rotatably connected to the central rotating frame, with its rotation axis perpendicular to the centerline of the sliding cutter head. Several sowing units are mounted side by side on the horizontal frame, each of which can be raised and lowered on the horizontal frame. A gyroscope is mounted in the middle of the horizontal frame. When operating on slopes, the horizontal frame can be intelligently controlled and adjusted to maintain a horizontal state, thereby leveling each sowing unit as a whole and maintaining a horizontal position in the seed population in each sowing unit to ensure seeding efficiency. Each sowing unit is also provided with a spring. The end of the rotating arm away from the pressure roller and the end of the auxiliary arm away from the pressure roller are both rotatably connected to the housing. The ends of the spring are respectively connected to the rotating arm and the housing. The sowing depth of each sowing unit can be intelligently adjusted according to the spring tension value detected by the tension sensor to ensure sowing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an intelligent rice and wheat seeder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 The structure of the sowing unit in the present invention is shown as follows Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 3 The structure of the sowing unit in the present invention is shown as follows Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the seeding mechanism and the internal structure of the transmission box in the sowing unit shown;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the internal structure of the seeding mechanism in the sowing unit shown;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the furrow opener in the sowing unit shown;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the installation components in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the split structure of the installation components shown;

[0036] In the figure, 100- sowing unit, 101- laser transmitter, 102- laser receiver, 103- first push rod motor, 104- spring, 110- furrow opener, 111- sliding cutting head, 112- tail plate, 120- pressing mechanism, 121- pressing roller, 122- auxiliary arm, 123- rotating arm, 130- seeding mechanism, 131- shell, 132- seed box, 133- seeding conveyor belt, 134- closed conveyor belt, 135- seed trough, 136- scraping rod, 141- first upper transmission roller, 142- first steering roller, 143- first lower transmission roller, 144- The second upper transmission roller, 145-the second steering roller, 146-the second lower transmission roller, 147-the main steering roller, 150-the transmission box, 151-the driving sprocket, 152-the driven sprocket, 153-the chain, 154-the transmission shaft, 155-the first bevel gear, 156-the second bevel gear, 157-the soil covering mechanism, 158-the soil covering frame, 159-the soil covering plate, 200-the mounting assembly, 210-the horizontal frame, 211-the gyroscope, 220-the transfer frame, 221-the second push rod motor, 230-the suspension frame, 231-the third push rod motor, 232-the push plate, 233-the crank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, an intelligent rice and wheat seeder includes a mounting assembly 200, on which several sowing units 100 are arranged side by side. The mounting assembly 200 is used to be installed on a machine. As the machine moves forward, each sowing unit 100 can complete furrowing, seeding, covering soil, and pressing operations, thereby completing multi-ridge sowing operations at the same time.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the sowing unit 100 includes a furrow opener 110, a seeding mechanism 130, a soil covering mechanism 157, a pressing mechanism 120 and a transmission mechanism.

[0040] The structure of the furrow opener 110 is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, it includes a sliding cutting head 111 and two tail wing plates 112. The sliding cutting head 111 has a pointed end, and one end of each tail wing plate 112 is connected to the other end of the sliding cutting head 111. The two tail wing plates 112 are symmetrically arranged on either side of the center line of the sliding cutting head 111. When the sowing unit 100 moves forward with the machine, the tip of the sliding cutting head 111 points forward and cuts into the soil, breaking the soil and forming a groove. When the two tail wing plates 112 are in an open state, the groove can be widened to the agronomically required width, thereby completing the furrowing operation.

[0041] like Figure 4、 Figure 5 As shown, the seeding mechanism 130 includes a housing 131, a seed box 132 is formed in the upper portion of the housing 131, and a seeding conveyor belt 133 and a closed conveyor belt 134 are installed side by side in the lower portion of the housing 131. During implementation, the seeding conveyor belt 133 and the closed conveyor belt 134 are arranged in a 7-shape, wherein the seeding conveyor belt 133 includes a connected seeding straight section and a seeding vertical section, and the closed conveyor belt 134 includes a connected closed straight section and a closed vertical section. The top surface of the seeding straight section is in close contact with the bottom surface of the closed straight section, and one side of the seeding vertical section is in close contact with one side of the closed vertical section. Since the seeding conveyor belt 133 and the closed conveyor belt 134 are partially in the above-mentioned close contact state, when the seeding conveyor belt 133 is running, it can drive the closed conveyor belt 134 to run synchronously. The seeding straight section extends to the outside of the end of the closed straight section away from the closed vertical section and is located below the seed box 132. A number of seed grooves 135 are evenly spaced along the center line of the belt surface on the seeding conveyor belt 133; a seed scraping rod 136 is also fixedly arranged in the shell 131. The seed scraping rod 136 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the seed conveyor belt 135. The seed scraping rod 136 is arranged close to the top surface of the seeding straight section and close to the end of the closed straight section away from the closed vertical section.

[0042] When the seeding mechanism 130 is in use, a seed population is stored in the seed box 132. As the seeding conveyor belt 133 rotates, the top surface of the seeding straight section moves toward the seeding vertical section. During this movement, a seed at the bottom of the seed population falls into the seed trough 135 (the design dimensions of the seed trough 135 are adapted to the size of rice or wheat seeds and can only accommodate a single seed). As the seed trough 135 moves forward, the seed in the seed trough 135, due to the provision of a seed scraper 136, can move under the seed scraper 136 to the contact surface between the seeding conveyor belt 133 and the closed conveyor belt 134 and continue to be transported forward, while other seeds are blocked by the seed scraper 136 to be received by the next trough 135. As the seeding conveyor belt 133 continues to operate, the various troughs 135 successively receive seeds and transport them forward, thereby achieving seed separation and orderly transportation.

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, a seed outlet is formed between the bottom end of the seeding vertical section and the bottom end of the closed vertical section. When the seeds move with the seed trough 135 to the bottom end of the seeding vertical section, the opening position of the seed trough 135 is separated from the belt surface of the closed vertical section. As the seeding conveyor belt 133 continues to operate, the seeds in the seed trough 135 are poured out and fall from the seed outlet position; Figure 2 As shown, the furrow opener 110 is fixedly connected to the shell 131 , and the seed outlet is fixedly arranged between the two tail wing plates 112 so that the fallen seeds can accurately fall into the furrow opened by the furrow opener 110 .

[0044] like Figure 3As shown, the soil covering mechanism 157 includes a soil covering frame 158, which is connected to the trench opener 110. Two soil covering discs 159 are rotatably mounted on the soil covering frame 158. The two soil covering discs 159 are respectively arranged at the ends of the two tail wing plates 112 away from the sliding cutting head 111. When arranged, the two soil covering discs 159 are in an "eight" shape that opens toward the sliding cutting head 111. When the trench opener 110 moves forward, the sliding cutting head 111 and the bottom ends of the tail wing plates 112 of the trench opener 110 are inserted into the soil to open a trench, while the two soil covering discs 159 respectively roll forward on the ground on both sides of the opened trench, driving some soil backfill to achieve the soil covering operation. During specific implementation, a number of notches are designed on the circumference of the covering plate 159 according to the Archimedes principle, which can cut off the straw that interferes with the covering operation when covering the soil, providing an excellent soil covering environment for seed germination; the covering frame 158 is tranmissively connected to the furrow opener 110, the covering plate 159 can swing up and down, and elastic parts such as torsion springs are provided to press the covering plate 159 downward, thereby meeting the covering operation requirements at different furrowing depths.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the pressing mechanism 120 includes a pressing roller 121, a rotating arm 123, and an auxiliary arm 122. The rotating arm 123 and the auxiliary arm 122 are parallel. The two ends of the pressing roller 121 are rotatably connected to one end of the rotating arm 123 and one end of the auxiliary arm 122, respectively. The other ends of the rotating arm 123 and the other ends of the auxiliary arm 122 are respectively connected to two sides of the housing 131. The axis of the pressing roller 121 is perpendicular to the center line of the sliding cutting head 111. The pressing roller 121 is arranged on the side of the soil covering mechanism 157 away from the groove mechanism 110. When the sowing unit 100 moves forward with the machine, the roller surface of the pressing roller 121 presses against the ground and rolls forward, pressing the soil after sowing to increase the density and firmness of the soil and protect the soil moisture.

[0046] The pressing roller 121 is connected to the seed conveyor belt 133 via a transmission mechanism. This means that the seed conveyor belt 133 is driven by the rolling motion of the pressing roller 121 according to a set speed ratio. The conveying distance of the seed conveyor belt 133 is linearly related to the number of revolutions of the pressing roller 121, which in turn is determined by the rolling distance (i.e., the travel distance of the sowing unit 100). Consequently, the conveying distance of the seed conveyor belt 133 is linearly related to the forward travel distance of the sowing unit 100, regardless of the speed of the sowing unit 100. As mentioned above, several seed slots 135 are arranged at equal intervals on the seeding conveyor belt 133, and at the seed outlet position of the seeding mechanism 130, two adjacent seed slots 135 are used to discharge seeds in succession. The transmission distance of the seeding conveyor belt 133 is the same each time the seeds are sown, and the distance the sowing unit 100 moves forward is the same each time the seeds are sown; after the seeds are discharged from the seed outlet, they are only affected by their own gravity, and the seed outlet is set close to the bottom of the groove, so the seeds fall for a short time and are less affected by other factors (such as wind blowing, collision with flying soil, etc.), thereby achieving accurate control of the sowing spacing.

[0047] According to the above, the sowing unit 100 can realize the full process automation operation of furrowing, sowing, covering and pressing when moving forward. Its seeding mechanism 130 cancels the design of the seed guide tube, and instead adopts the seeding conveyor belt 133 and the closed conveyor belt 134 to cooperate in conveying to form a clamping conveying structure. The fully enclosed conveying method can effectively avoid the influence of poor seed fluidity, clogging of the seed guide tube with soil, etc. on the sowing accuracy; the pressing roller 121 in the pressing mechanism 120 realizes the pressing operation after covering the soil on the one hand, and drives the seeding conveyor belt 133 through the transmission mechanism on the other hand, so that the travel distance of the sowing unit 100 is the same each time the seeds are sown, and is not affected by the travel speed of the sowing unit 100, which can effectively ensure the sowing accuracy.

[0048] When implementing it specifically, Figure 5 As shown, a first upper transmission roller 141 , a first steering roller 142 , a first lower transmission roller 143 , a second upper transmission roller 144 , a second steering roller 145 and a second lower transmission roller 146 are rotatably provided in the housing 131 .

[0049] The first upper transmission roller 141 and the first steering roller 142 are arranged at the same height, and the first lower transmission roller 143 is arranged directly below the first upper transmission roller 142. The inner side of the seeding conveyor belt 133 is connected by the first upper transmission roller 141, the first steering roller 142, and the first lower transmission roller 143. The portion located between the first upper transmission roller 141 and the first steering roller 142 is the aforementioned straight seeding section, and the portion located between the first steering roller 142 and the first lower transmission roller 143 is the aforementioned vertical seeding section. Furthermore, a main steering roller 147 is rotatably arranged within the housing 131. The main steering roller 147 is arranged obliquely below the first steering roller 142. The outer portion of the seeding conveyor belt 133 wraps around the main steering roller 147. The main steering roller 147 is used to make the seeding conveyor belt 133 form a 7-shaped shape. The seeding conveyor belt 133 has a sufficiently large wrap angle at each roller to ensure its conveying reliability. Furthermore, the cross-section of the first upper transmission roller 141, the first steering roller 142, and the first lower transmission roller 143 located inside the seed conveyor belt 133 is I-shaped, and the roller surfaces at both ends of this part are in contact with the inner side of the seed conveyor belt 133, and the middle area of ​​this part is an annular groove, so that the bottom of the seed groove 135 can pass smoothly, avoiding squeezing of the seeds in the seed groove 135.

[0050] The second upper transmission roller 144 and the second steering roller 145 are arranged at the same height, and the second lower transmission roller 146 is arranged directly below the second upper transmission roller 144. The inner side of the closed conveyor belt 134 is connected by the second upper transmission roller 144, the second steering roller 145 and the second lower transmission roller 146. The outer side of the closed conveyor belt 134, the seeding conveyor belt 135 and the first steering roller 142 are tightly attached in sequence. The first steering roller 142 is used to make the closed conveyor belt 134 into a 7 shape. The part between the second upper transmission roller 144 and the second steering roller 145 is the aforementioned closed straight section, and the part between the second steering roller 145 and the second lower transmission roller 146 is the aforementioned closed vertical section.

[0051] When implementing it specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the aforementioned transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket 151, a driven sprocket 152 and a chain 153. The driving sprocket 151 is coaxially fixedly connected to the pressing roller 121, the driven sprocket 152 is connected to the first steering roller 142, and the chain 153 is connected through the driving sprocket 151 and the driven sprocket 152. When the pressing roller 121 rotates, the driving sprocket 151 can be driven to rotate, and then the driven sprocket 152 can be driven to rotate through the chain 153, and then the first steering roller 142 can be driven to rotate, thereby driving the seed conveyor belt 133.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 4As shown, the transmission mechanism also includes a transmission box 150, which is fixedly connected to the housing 131. A transmission shaft 154 is rotatably provided in the transmission box 150. The driven sprocket 152 is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 154. A first bevel gear 155 is also fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 154. A second bevel gear 156 is fixedly sleeved on the first steering roller 142. The first bevel gear 155 meshes with the second bevel gear 156. When the driven sprocket 152 rotates, it drives the transmission shaft 154 to rotate, and then drives the steering roller 142 to rotate through the first bevel gear 155 and the second bevel gear 156, thereby driving the seed conveyor belt 133.

[0053] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the pressing roller 121 includes two relatively arranged discs, and a number of soil pressing rods are evenly distributed circumferentially between the two discs, so that the pressing roller 121 has a cylindrical cage structure as a whole. On the one hand, it is conducive to pressing and improving the compaction of the soil. On the other hand, it reduces its sliding when rolling on the ground, which is conducive to ensuring sowing accuracy.

[0054] Furthermore, the sowing unit 100 further includes a detection mechanism, which includes a laser transmitter 101 and a laser receiver 102 arranged opposite to each other. Figure 2 As shown, the aforementioned driving sprocket 151, driven sprocket 152, and chain 153 are disposed on one side of the rotating arm 123. The laser emitter 101 and laser receiver 102 are both fixedly connected to the rotating arm 123, and are disposed on the inner and outer sides of the chain 153, respectively. The chain 153 comprises several parallel pins, with chain holes between adjacent pins. During the operation of the chain 153, when the chain holes move to a position directly opposite the laser emitter 101, the laser light emitted by the laser emitter 101 can pass through the chain holes and be received by the laser receiver 102. However, when the pins move to a position directly opposite the laser emitter 101, the laser light emitted by the laser emitter 101 is blocked by the pins and cannot be received by the laser receiver 102. This allows the detection mechanism to monitor the operation of the chain 153. During implementation, the intelligent rice and wheat seeder is also provided with a controller, and the detection mechanism is electrically connected to the controller, which can remotely monitor the operation of the chain 153, and then automatically identify the delivery status of the seeds, further ensuring the continuity and stability of sowing, and reducing the occurrence of broken ridges.

[0055] like Figure 1 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown, the mounting assembly 200 includes a horizontal frame 210, and there are a plurality of sowing units 100. The sowing units 100 are arranged side by side with equal spacing in the horizontal direction to achieve simultaneous sowing of multiple ridges and improve work efficiency. The housings 131 of the sowing mechanisms 130 are all connected to the horizontal frame 210 so that they can slide up and down. Figure 1、 Figure 2 As shown, the sowing unit 100 also includes a first push rod motor 103, which is fixedly mounted on the horizontal frame 210. The telescopic end of the first push rod motor 103 is fixedly connected to the housing 131. When the first push rod motor 103 is extended or retracted, it drives the housing 131 up and down on the horizontal frame 210, thereby adjusting the furrowing depth (i.e., sowing depth). When operating in uneven terrain, the sowing depth of each sowing unit 100 can be adjusted individually, allowing each sowing unit 100 to reach the optimal sowing depth, ensuring the sowing quality of rice and wheat and improving the emergence rate of rice and wheat.

[0056] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the sowing unit 100 also includes a tension sensor and a spring 104. The end of the rotating arm 123 away from the pressing roller 121 and the end of the auxiliary arm 122 away from the pressing roller 121 are both rotatably connected to the housing 131. The ends of the spring 104 are connected to the rotating arm 123 and the housing 131, respectively. When the furrowing depth is adjusted by the first push rod motor 103 as described above, the pressing roller 121 is pressed against the ground, and its height remains unchanged. As the housing 131 is raised or lowered, the rotating arm 123 and the auxiliary arm 122 swing relative to the housing 131, and the spring 104 provides tension to press the pressing roller 121 against the ground. As the housing 131 is raised or lowered, the swing angles of the rotating arm 123 and the auxiliary arm 122 relative to the housing 131 vary, and the stretched length of the spring 104 varies. According to Hooke's law, the tension provided by the spring 104 also varies. The tension sensor is used to detect the tension of the spring 104. The tension sensor and the first push rod motor 103 are both electrically connected to the controller. A tension threshold can be set according to the preferred sowing depth. The controller controls the first push rod motor 103 to adjust the height of the housing 131 in real time based on the spring tension value detected by the tension sensor, always keeping the spring tension value detected by the tension sensor within the set tension threshold. This achieves intelligent control and ensures that the sowing depth of each sowing unit 100 is at the preferred depth. In addition, in a specific implementation, the rotation axis of the rotating arm 123 and the auxiliary arm 122 relative to the housing 131 is coaxial with the driven sprocket 152 to avoid affecting the normal operation of the chain transmission mechanism composed of the aforementioned driving sprocket 151, driven sprocket 152, and chain 153 during the intelligent control of the sowing depth.

[0057] Furthermore, the mounting assembly 200 includes a central rotating frame 220 and a second push rod motor 221. The horizontal frame 210 is rotatably connected to the central rotating frame 220. The axis of rotation of the horizontal frame 210 relative to the central rotating frame 220 is parallel to the axis of the press roller 121. The second push rod motor 221 is rotatably connected to the horizontal frame 210 and the central rotating frame 220 at both ends. When the second push rod motor 221 is extended or retracted, it propels the horizontal frame 210 to rotate on the central rotating frame 220. A gyroscope 211 is mounted in the center of the horizontal frame 210. Both the gyroscope 211 and the second push rod motor 221 are electrically connected to a controller. The gyroscope 211 detects the pitch angle of the horizontal frame 210 in real time. When sowing on a slope, the controller automatically controls the extension and retraction of the second push rod motor 221 based on the detected pitch angle to dynamically adjust the horizontal frame 210 to maintain a horizontal pitch position.

[0058] Furthermore, the mounting assembly 200 also includes a hanger 230 and a third push rod motor 231. The intermediate rotating frame 220 is rotatably connected to the hanger 230, and the rotation axis of the intermediate rotating frame 220 relative to the hanger 230 is parallel to the center line of the sliding cutting head 111. The third push rod motor 231 is fixedly mounted on the intermediate rotating frame 220. The telescopic end of the third push rod motor 231 is connected to a push plate 232, and the other end of the push plate 232 is fixedly provided with a sliding pin. The hanger 230 is fixedly connected to a crank 233, and one end of the crank 233 has a slide groove, and the slide pin is slidably provided in the slide groove. When the third push rod motor 231 is extended or retracted, it can drive the intermediate rotating frame 220 to rotate on the hanger 230. The third push rod motor 231 is electrically connected to a controller. The aforementioned gyroscope 211 can also detect the tilt angle of the horizontal frame 210 in the roll direction in real time. The controller can automatically control the extension and retraction of the third push rod motor 231 according to the detected roll tilt angle to dynamically adjust the transfer frame 220 to adjust the horizontal frame 210 to a horizontal state in the roll direction.

[0059] According to the above, when the intelligent rice and wheat seeder is in use, in the installation component 200, the suspension frame 230 is connected to the machine, and can be adjusted in real time according to the detection value of the gyroscope 211 to keep the horizontal frame 210 in a horizontal state, so that each sowing unit 100 is leveled as a whole, and the seed population in each seeding mechanism 130 is kept in a horizontal posture to ensure the seeding effect; in each sowing unit 100, the sowing depth is intelligently adjusted according to the spring tension value detected by the tension sensor to ensure the sowing quality.

[0060] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. Rather, the present invention can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or techniques or knowledge in the relevant field. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be protected by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent rice and wheat seeder, characterized in that: It comprises a sowing unit, which comprises a furrow opener, a seed discharge mechanism, a soil covering mechanism, a pressing mechanism and a transmission mechanism; The furrow opener comprises a sliding cutting head and two tail wing plates, one end of the sliding cutting head is pointed, one end of the two tail wing plates are connected to the other end of the sliding cutting head, and the two tail wing plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center line of the sliding cutting head; The seeding mechanism comprises a shell, a seed box is formed on the upper part of the shell, and a seeding conveyor belt and a closed conveyor belt are installed side by side in the lower part of the shell. The seeding conveyor belt includes a connected seeding straight section and a seeding vertical section, and the closed conveyor belt includes a connected closed straight section and a closed vertical section. The top surface of the seeding straight section is in close contact with the bottom surface of the closed straight section, and one side of the seeding vertical section is in close contact with one side of the closed vertical section. The seeding straight section extends out to the end of the closed straight section away from the closed vertical section and is located below the seed box. The seeding conveyor belt is evenly spaced along the center line of its belt surface. A seed scraping rod is fixedly arranged in the shell. The seed scraping rod is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the seeding conveyor belt. The seed scraping rod is arranged close to the top surface of the seeding straight section and close to the end of the closed straight section away from the closed vertical section. A seed outlet is formed between the bottom end of the seed discharging vertical section and the bottom end of the closed vertical section, the furrow opener is fixedly connected to the shell, and the seed outlet is arranged between the two tail wing plates; The soil covering mechanism comprises a soil covering frame, the soil covering frame is connected to the furrow opener, and two soil covering plates are rotatably arranged on the soil covering frame, the two soil covering plates are respectively arranged at one end of the two tail wing plates away from the sliding cutting head, and the two soil covering plates are arranged in an eight-shaped shape opening toward the sliding cutting head; The pressing mechanism comprises a pressing roller, a rotating arm and an auxiliary arm, wherein the rotating arm and the auxiliary arm are parallel, and the two ends of the pressing roller are rotatably connected to one end of the rotating arm and one end of the auxiliary arm respectively, and the other end of the rotating arm and the other end of the auxiliary arm are respectively connected to the two sides of the shell, and the axis of the pressing roller is perpendicular to the center line of the sliding cutting head, and the pressing roller is arranged on the side of the soil covering mechanism away from the furrow device; The pressing roller is connected to the seeding conveyor belt through the transmission mechanism; A first upper transmission roller, a first steering roller, a first lower transmission roller, a second upper transmission roller, a second steering roller and a second lower transmission roller are rotatably arranged in the housing; The first upper transmission roller and the first steering roller are arranged at the same height, the first lower transmission roller is arranged directly below the first upper transmission roller, and the inner side of the seed conveyor belt is connected by transmission through the first upper transmission roller, the first steering roller and the first lower transmission roller; The second upper transmission roller and the second steering roller are arranged at the same height, the second lower transmission roller is arranged directly below the second upper transmission roller, the inner side of the closed conveyor belt is connected by the second upper transmission roller, the second steering roller and the second lower transmission roller, and the outer side of the closed conveyor belt, the seeding conveyor belt and the first steering roller are closely attached in sequence; The transmission mechanism comprises a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a chain, wherein the driving sprocket is coaxially fixedly connected to the pressing roller, the driven sprocket is connected to the first steering roller, and the chain is connected through the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket; The transmission mechanism also includes a transmission box, which is fixedly connected to the housing. A transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the transmission box. The driven sprocket is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft. A first bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft. A second bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the first steering roller. The first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear.

2. The intelligent rice and wheat seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a horizontal frame, and there are several sowing units, which are arranged side by side with equal spacing in the horizontal direction. Several shells are connected to the horizontal frame so that they can slide up and down. The sowing unit also includes a first push rod motor, which is used to push the shell to slide on the horizontal frame.

3. The intelligent rice and wheat seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, and the sowing unit also includes a tension sensor and a spring. One end of the rotating arm away from the pressing roller and one end of the auxiliary arm away from the pressing roller are rotatably connected to the shell. The rotating axis of the rotating arm and the auxiliary arm rotating relative to the shell is coaxially arranged with the driven sprocket. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the rotating arm and the shell. The tension sensor is used to detect the tension of the spring. The tension sensor and the first push rod motor are electrically connected to the controller.

4. The intelligent rice and wheat seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a transfer frame and a second push rod motor, the horizontal frame is rotatably connected to the transfer frame, the rotation axis of the horizontal frame relative to the transfer frame is parallel to the axis of the pressure roller, the second push rod motor is used to push the horizontal frame to rotate on the transfer frame, a gyroscope is installed in the middle of the horizontal frame, and the gyroscope and the second push rod motor are both electrically connected to the controller.

5. The intelligent rice and wheat seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a hanging frame and a third push rod motor. The intermediate rotating frame is rotatably connected to the hanging frame. The rotating axis of the intermediate rotating frame relative to the hanging frame is parallel to the center line of the sliding cutting head. The third push rod motor is used to drive the intermediate rotating frame to rotate on the hanging frame. The third push rod motor is electrically connected to the controller.

6. An intelligent rice and wheat seeder according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The sowing unit also includes a detection mechanism, which includes a laser transmitter and a laser receiver that are relatively arranged. The laser transmitter and the laser receiver are both fixedly connected to the rotating arm. The laser transmitter and the laser receiver are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the chain. The detection mechanism is electrically connected to the controller.

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