A rare earth polishing powder efficient classification and recycling device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rare earth polishing powder production and processing, and discloses a rare earth polishing powder efficient classification and recycling device, comprising a hydrocyclone, wherein the top overflow port of the hydrocyclone is a small particle discharge port, and the bottom end of the hydrocyclone is a large particle discharge port, and further comprising: a feeding pipe fixedly connected to a feeding port on one side of the hydrocyclone close to the top; a feeding hopper installed on the feeding pipe; two groups of separation recovery tanks and solid-liquid separation structures in the separation recovery tanks, which are respectively connected to the top and bottom ends of the hydrocyclone, and one side of the bottom end of the separation recovery tank is fixedly connected with a drainage pipe connected to a water source end; a homogenizing structure 1 and a homogenizing structure 2 arranged in the feeding pipe corresponding to the area between the feeding hopper and the hydrocyclone, which enhance the mixing effect and ensure the uniformity of the material before entering the hydrocyclone, and the homogenizing structure 1 and the homogenizing structure 2 arranged in the feeding pipe effectively solve the problem of insufficient material mixing before classification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of production and processing of rare earth polishing powder, in particular to a device for efficiently grading and recycling rare earth polishing powder. Background Art

[0002] Rare earth polishing powder refers to a powder of mixed light rare earth oxides with cerium oxide as the main component, which is used to improve the surface finish of products or parts. It is usually composed of cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, iron oxide, zirconium oxide, chromium oxide, etc., among which the content of cerium oxide has an important influence on the polishing effect. According to the content of cerium oxide, rare earth polishing powder can be divided into three categories: high cerium polishing powder, medium cerium polishing powder and low cerium polishing powder. The reason why rare earth polishing powder needs to be graded is mainly because polishing powders of different particle sizes have differences in polishing effect, service life and cost. Through classification, rare earth polishing powder with uniform particle size distribution and stable performance can be obtained to meet the needs of different fields and applications; and the classification and recovery of rare earth polishing powder often adopts screening method, hydraulic classification method and wind classification method, and the hydraulic classification in the prior art is to classify by using the difference in the sedimentation velocity of particles in the water flow. When the rare earth polishing powder particles are suspended in water, particles of different sizes and densities will be subject to different water flow resistance, so the sedimentation velocity will also be different. By controlling the speed and direction of the water flow, particles of different sizes can be separated to achieve the classification of polishing powder, and the hydraulic classification includes a water source end for forming a conveying suspension, and the core equipment is a hydrocyclone; when the hydraulic classification method of the prior art is adopted, due to the inconsistent particle size and shape of the rare earth polishing powder, its dispersibility and suspension in water will be affected. Large-particle polishing powder is not easily wetted and dispersed by water and is prone to sedimentation, while small-particle polishing powder may be too fine and easy to agglomerate to form "false particles", which are not conducive to the uniform mixing of polishing powder and water. The mixing of rare earth polishing powder and water is often not uniform, resulting in poor classification effect. After entering the classification equipment, the unevenly mixed materials are prone to agglomeration or stratification, which affects the classification accuracy and efficiency. For this reason, the present invention proposes a rare earth polishing powder efficient classification and recycling device. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a rare earth polishing powder efficient classification and recycling device to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rare earth polishing powder efficient classification and recycling device, comprising a hydrocyclone, the top overflow port of the hydrocyclone is a small particle discharge port, the bottom end of the hydrocyclone is a large particle discharge port, and also includes:

[0005] A material delivery pipe, which is fixedly connected to the feed port on the side close to the top of the hydrocyclone, is used to connect the hydrocyclone with the water source and deliver the suspension formed by mixing the rare earth polishing powder with water;

[0006] A feeding hopper, which is installed on the feeding pipe and is used for feeding rare earth polishing powder;

[0007] Two sets of separation recovery tanks and the solid-liquid separation structure in the separation recovery tanks are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the hydrocyclone, and discharge pipes are fixedly connected between the separation recovery tank and the top discharge port and the bottom discharge port of the hydrocyclone. A drainage pipe connected to the water source is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the separation recovery tank. The two sets of separation recovery tanks and the solid-liquid separation structure inside are used to recover the classified rare earth polishing powder;

[0008] Homogenizing structure 1 and homogenizing structure 2 are arranged in the area between the corresponding feeding hopper and the hydrocyclone in the material conveying pipe, and are used to uniformly mix the rare earth polishing powder and water multiple times in the material conveying pipe to form a homogeneous suspension.

[0009] Preferably, the homogenizing structure arranged in the feed pipe includes a vertical rotating shaft, a conical shaft, a cross stirring blade and an S-shaped stirring blade. The bottom inner wall of the feed pipe is rotatably installed with multiple groups of vertical rotating shafts corresponding to the lower part connected to the feeding hopper, and the multiple groups of vertical rotating shafts are arranged horizontally in a straight line with equal intervals. A conical shaft is fixedly installed on each group of vertical rotating shafts. The conical shaft is conical in shape. A cross stirring blade is fixedly sleeved on the conical shaft near the top end, and multiple groups of S-shaped stirring blades are fixedly connected to the outer side of the S-shaped stirring blade near the bottom end. The multiple groups of S-shaped stirring blades on each group of the conical shaft are distributed equidistantly in a ring, and the S-shaped stirring blades are horizontally S-shaped.

[0010] Preferably, the homogenizing structure also includes a double-groove pulley, a belt and a servo motor, the bottom end of each group of vertical rotating shafts in the feed pipe extends out of the bottom end of the feed pipe and is fixedly connected to a double-groove pulley, and belts are sleeved between two adjacent groups of double-groove pulleys, a servo motor is fixedly installed below the bottom end of the feed pipe corresponding to the sidemost group of vertical rotating shafts, and the output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the corresponding bottom end of the vertical rotating shaft, and the multiple groups of belts sleeved between the multiple groups of double-groove pulleys on the bottom ends of the multiple groups of vertical rotating shafts are distributed in an up-and-down staggered manner.

[0011] Preferably, the top end of the conical shaft is flush with the center height of the interior of the material conveying pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the second homogenizing structure arranged in the material conveying pipe comprises a plurality of groups of bending and cutting plates, which are L-shaped as a whole, and the second homogenizing structure is arranged in the area of ​​the material conveying pipe near the feed inlet of the hydrocyclone, a plurality of groups of bending and cutting plates with equal horizontal spacing are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the material conveying pipe, and a group of bending and cutting plates are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top end of the material conveying pipe corresponding to the middle of the interval between the two adjacent groups of bending and cutting plates at the bottom, that is, the plurality of groups of bending and cutting plates in the material conveying pipe are staggered in an up-and-down manner, and the horizontal sections of the plurality of groups of bending and cutting plates staggered in an up-and-down manner are all facing the feed inlet of the hydrocyclone, and the horizontal sections of the two adjacent groups of bending and cutting plates staggered in an up-and-down manner are all close to the central horizontal line of the material conveying pipe and are spaced from each other to form a fluid dividing channel.

[0013] Preferably, the horizontal section end side of the bending cutting plate in the material conveying pipe is bent, and the bending direction is consistent with the direction of the fluid.

[0014] Preferably, the solid-liquid separation structure in the separation and recovery tank includes a separation filter cartridge, a high-speed motor and a coupling, the discharge pipe is bent, and the top of the separation and recovery tank is connected to a flange sealing cover by bolts, and the end of the discharge pipe away from the discharge port of the hydrocyclone is fixedly connected to the flange sealing cover and communicated with the separation and recovery tank, a high-speed motor is fixedly installed at the center of the outer wall of the bottom end of the separation and recovery tank, and a coupling extending into the interior of the separation and recovery tank is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the high-speed motor, the separation filter cartridge is connected to the coupling, and an active transmission structure is arranged between the separation filter cartridge and the coupling, and the filter hole diameters on the separation filter cartridges in the two groups of separation and recovery tanks are different, which are used to recover rare earth polishing powder particle materials of different sizes after classification.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom inner wall of the separation recovery tank is inclined, and a drain outlet connected to the drain pipe is opened at the lowest side of the inner wall corresponding to the bottom end of the separation recovery tank, and an integrated hemispherical protrusion is fixedly provided at the center of the bottom inner wall of the separation recovery tank corresponding to the position of the connecting coupling.

[0016] Preferably, the active transmission structure includes a filter cartridge bottom plate, a fan-shaped arc slot, a transmission transverse shaft, a fan-shaped arc plate and a sleeve slot. The bottom end of the separation filter cartridge is fixedly provided with an integrated filter cartridge bottom plate. The center of the bottom outer wall of the filter cartridge bottom plate is provided with an open plug-in slot plugged into the top of the coupling shaft, and symmetrical open fan-shaped arc slots are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the filter cartridge bottom plate corresponding to the plug-in slot. The fan-shaped arc slots on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate are symmetrical to each other and the arc of the fan-shaped arc slots is ninety degrees. The two sides of the coupling shaft near the top are fixedly provided with an integrated transmission transverse shaft for clamping the filling The fan-shaped arc grooves are filled in the fan-shaped arc grooves. The inner walls of the side surfaces corresponding to the fan-shaped arc grooves on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate that are far away from each other are fixedly provided with integrated fan-shaped arc plates, and the curvature of the fan-shaped arc plates is twenty-five to forty-five degrees. Through-type sleeve grooves that are adapted to the fan-shaped arc plates are opened on both sides of the transmission transverse axis. The transmission transverse axes on both sides of the top of the coupling are sleeved on the fan-shaped arc plates on both sides of the inside of the filter cartridge bottom plate through the sleeve grooves, and the transmission transverse axes on both sides are respectively fitted with the inner walls of the side surfaces of the fan-shaped arc grooves on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate. The fan-shaped arc grooves and fan-shaped arc plates on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate are symmetrically arranged.

[0017] Preferably, the active transmission structure also includes a vertical cavity, a locking ball, a reset spring and a hemispherical locking groove, and the top outer wall of the fan-shaped arc plate corresponding to the area where the transmission horizontal axis is sleeved is provided with multiple groups of open vertical cavities that are evenly distributed laterally, and the top outer wall of the fan-shaped arc plate corresponding to the top port of the vertical cavity is slidably engaged with a locking ball, and a reset spring is fixedly connected between the bottom end of the locking ball and the bottom inner wall of the vertical cavity, the upper half of the locking ball protrudes from the top outer wall of the fan-shaped arc plate, and the sleeve groove in the transmission horizontal axis corresponds to the top inner wall that is fitted with the top of the fan-shaped arc plate. Multiple groups of hemispherical locking grooves are provided, and the multiple groups of hemispherical locking grooves are correspondingly engaged one by one with the protruding parts of multiple groups of locking balls on the fan-shaped arc plate.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a rare earth polishing powder efficient classification and recycling device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] Efficient mixing and homogenization:

[0020] The device adopts a hydraulic suspension classification method, combined with the synergistic effect of homogenization structure one and homogenization structure two, to achieve full mixing and homogenization of rare earth polishing powder and water flow. Through the complex movement patterns of the conical shaft, cross stirring blades and S-shaped stirring blades, and the alternating laminar and turbulent flow of the bent cutting plate, the agglomeration of rare earth polishing powder is effectively prevented, and the uniformity of solid-liquid mixing is improved; specifically, when the conical shaft rotates, the cross stirring blades on it and the multiple groups of S-shaped stirring blades on the bottom side are driven to rotate synchronously, and at the same time, when the multiple groups of S-shaped stirring blades at the bottom of the conical shaft rotate, a complex flow pattern can be generated during the rotation process, including radial flow and axial flow. This flow pattern helps to bring the solid particles of rare earth polishing powder from the bottom to the center. area, thereby achieving more uniform mixing. The S-shaped stirring blades on the conical axis and the cross stirring blades close to the center height of the feeding pipe can generate strong shearing and impact forces during the rotation process, which is helpful to better disperse the solid particles in the liquid, can significantly reduce the agglomeration of solid particles, and improve the uniformity of solid-liquid mixing. Therefore, through the homogenizing structure in the feeding pipe, when the material in the hopper is mixed with the water flow in the feeding pipe, a large amount of rare earth polishing powder can be prevented from being deposited at the bottom of the water flow, thereby improving the homogenizing effect of the rare earth polishing powder and the water flow mixed into a suspension;

[0021] When the rare earth polishing powder suspension in the feed pipe continues to be transported through the homogenizing structure 1, it passes through the area provided with the homogenizing structure 2. At this time, after the suspension that has been mixed with solid and liquid for the first time flows to the multiple groups of bending and cutting plates, the suspension fluid flows in the pipeline to impact the multiple groups of bending and cutting plates, thereby increasing the velocity gradient of the laminar flow of the fluid or forming turbulence. During laminar flow, the homogeneity of the solid-liquid mixing in the suspension is further increased through continuous "convergence → division → position movement / reversal → re-convergence", that is, the mixing uniformity of the rare earth polishing powder suspension before entering the hydrocyclone is ensured, thereby ensuring the adequacy of the material classification after the suspension is hydraulically classified by the hydrocyclone.

[0022] Accurate grading:

[0023] With the powerful classification ability of the hydrocyclone, the device can accurately classify the rare earth polishing powder particles according to their diameter. Small-diameter particles and large-diameter particles flow out through different discharge ports, ensuring the quality of the classified materials.

[0024] Efficient recycling and reuse:

[0025] The solid-liquid separation structure in the separation recovery tank uses a high-speed rotating separation filter cartridge to achieve solid-liquid separation through centrifugal force. The separated rare earth polishing powder particles can be directly recycled and reused, while the separated water returns to the water source, realizing the recycling of resources.

[0026] Convenient disassembly and maintenance:

[0027] The disassembly and assembly process of the separation filter cartridge is simple and convenient, and it can be connected and separated from the transmission horizontal axis by rotation. At the same time, the card ball and hemispherical card slot design in the active transmission structure ensures the stability and fixed connection of the separation filter cartridge during the rotation process, which is convenient for later maintenance and replacement as well as the recovery of rare earth polishing powder.

[0028] Energy saving and environmental protection:

[0029] The whole device has a compact structure and occupies a small area, and the design fully considers the needs of energy conservation and environmental protection. By optimizing the mixing and classification process, it reduces energy consumption and waste generation, which is in line with the concept of sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the material conveying pipe of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the homogeneous structure 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the A in FIG.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the separation recovery tank of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separation filter cartridge of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the separation filter cartridge of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 The bottom plate of the filter cartridge of the present invention is shown in cross section Figure 1 ;

[0038] Fig. 9 The bottom plate of the filter cartridge of the present invention is shown in cross section Figure 2 ;

[0039] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the figure.

[0040] In the figure: 1. hydrocyclone; 2. feed pipe; 3. discharge pipe; 4. separation recovery tank; 5. feeding hopper; 6. vertical shaft; 7. conical shaft; 8. cross stirring blade; 9. S-shaped stirring blade; 10. double groove pulley; 11. belt; 12. servo motor; 13. bent flow cutting plate; 14. flange sealing cover; 15. separation filter cartridge; 16. high-speed motor; 17. coupling; 18. hemispherical protrusion; 19. drain outlet; 20. drain pipe; 21. filter cartridge bottom plate; 22. plug-in slot; 23. fan-shaped arc slot; 24. transmission horizontal shaft; 25. fan-shaped arc plate; 26. sleeve slot; 27. vertical cavity; 28. card-joining ball; 29. ​​reset spring; 30. hemispherical card slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] See also Figure 1-10 A rare earth polishing powder efficient classification and recycling device comprises a hydrocyclone 1, the top overflow port of the hydrocyclone 1 is a small particle discharge port, the bottom end of the hydrocyclone 1 is a large particle discharge port, and also comprises:

[0043] The feed pipe 2 is fixedly connected to the feed port of the hydrocyclone 1 near the top, and is used to connect the hydrocyclone 1 with the water source and to transport the suspension formed by mixing the rare earth polishing powder with water;

[0044] A feeding hopper 5, which is installed on the feeding pipe 2 and is used for feeding rare earth polishing powder;

[0045] Two sets of separation recovery tanks 4 and the solid-liquid separation structure in the separation recovery tanks 4 are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the hydrocyclone 1, and the separation recovery tanks 4 are fixedly connected with the discharge pipes 3 between the top discharge port and the bottom discharge port of the hydrocyclone 1, and one side of the bottom end of the separation recovery tank 4 is fixedly connected with a drainage pipe 20 connected to the water source end. The two sets of separation recovery tanks 4 and the solid-liquid separation structure inside are used to recover the classified rare earth polishing powder;

[0046] Homogenizing structure 1 and homogenizing structure 2 are arranged in the area between the corresponding feeding hopper 5 and the hydrocyclone 1 in the material conveying pipe 2, and are used to uniformly mix the rare earth polishing powder and water multiple times in the material conveying pipe 2 to form a homogeneous suspension.

[0047] A homogenizing structure is arranged in the feed pipe 2, including a vertical shaft 6, a conical shaft 7, a cross stirring blade 8 and an S-shaped stirring blade 9. A plurality of sets of vertical shafts 6 are rotatably installed on the bottom inner wall of the feed pipe 2 corresponding to the lower portion connected to the feed hopper 5, and the plurality of sets of vertical shafts 6 are arranged horizontally in a straight line with equal spacing. A conical shaft 7 is fixedly installed on each set of vertical shafts 6. The conical shaft 7 is conical in shape. A cross stirring blade 8 is fixedly sleeved on the conical shaft 7 near the top end, and a plurality of sets of S-shaped stirring blades 9 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the S-shaped stirring blade 9 near the bottom end. The plurality of sets of S-shaped stirring blades 9 on each set of conical shafts 7 are distributed in a circular shape with equal spacing, and the S-shaped stirring blades 9 are horizontally S-shaped.

[0048] Homogenizing structure 1 also includes a double-groove pulley 10, a belt 11 and a servo motor 12. The bottom end of each group of vertical rotating shafts 6 in the feeding pipe 2 extends out of the bottom end of the feeding pipe 2 and is fixedly connected with a double-groove pulley 10, and a belt 11 is sleeved between two adjacent groups of double-groove pulleys 10. The bottom end of the feeding pipe 2 corresponds to a group of vertical rotating shafts 6 on the sidemost side, and a servo motor 12 is fixedly installed below the servo motor 12, and the output shaft of the servo motor 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the corresponding vertical rotating shaft 6. The multiple groups of belts 11 sleeved between the multiple groups of double-groove pulleys 10 on the bottom ends of the multiple groups of vertical rotating shafts 6 are distributed in an up-and-down staggered manner; the top end of the conical shaft 7 is flush with the center height inside the feeding pipe 2; the multiple groups of vertical rotating shafts 6 and the conical shaft 7 rotate synchronously, and the rotation direction of the conical shaft 7 is controlled to be consistent with the water flow direction, and when the conical shaft 7 rotates, it drives the cross stirring blades 8 thereon and the multiple groups of S-shaped stirring blades on the bottom side. When the stirring blades 9 rotate synchronously, and the multiple groups of S-shaped stirring blades 9 at the bottom of the conical shaft 7 rotate at the same time, a complex flow pattern can be generated during the rotation process, including radial flow and axial flow. This flow pattern helps to bring the solid particles of the rare earth polishing powder from the bottom to the central area, thereby achieving more uniform mixing. The S-shaped stirring blades 9 on the conical shaft 7 and the cross stirring blades 8 near the center height of the feed pipe 2 can generate strong shear force and impact force during the rotation process, which helps to better disperse the solid particles in the liquid, can significantly reduce the agglomeration of solid particles, and improve the uniformity of solid-liquid mixing. Therefore, through the homogenizing structure in the feed pipe 2, when the material in the hopper 5 is mixed with the water flow in the feed pipe 2, a large amount of rare earth polishing powder can be prevented from being deposited at the bottom of the water flow, thereby improving the homogenizing effect of the rare earth polishing powder and the water flow mixed into a suspension.

[0049] The second homogenizing structure arranged in the material conveying pipe 2 includes a plurality of groups of bending and cutting flow plates 13, the bending and cutting flow plates 13 are L-shaped as a whole, and the second homogenizing structure is arranged in the area of ​​the material conveying pipe 2 near the feed inlet of the hydrocyclone 1, a plurality of groups of bending and cutting flow plates 13 with equal intervals in the horizontal direction are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the material conveying pipe 2, and a group of bending and cutting flow plates 13 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top end of the material conveying pipe 2 corresponding to the middle of the interval between the two adjacent groups of bending and cutting flow plates 13 at the bottom, that is, the plurality of groups of bending and cutting flow plates 13 in the material conveying pipe 2 are staggered up and down, and the horizontal sections of the plurality of groups of bending and cutting flow plates 13 staggered up and down are all facing the feed inlet of the hydrocyclone 1, and the two adjacent groups staggered up and down are fixedly installed. The horizontal sections in the bending and cutting plates 13 are close to the central horizontal line of the material conveying pipe 2 and are spaced apart from each other to form a fluid dividing channel. After the suspension that has undergone the first solid-liquid mixing flows to the multiple sets of bending and cutting plates 13, the suspension fluid flows in the pipeline to impact the multiple sets of bending and cutting plates 13, thereby increasing the velocity gradient of the fluid laminar flow or forming turbulence. During laminar flow, the solid-liquid mixing homogeneity in the suspension is further increased through continuous "convergence → division → position movement / reversal → re-convergence", that is, the mixing uniformity of the rare earth polishing powder suspension before entering the hydrocyclone 1 is ensured, thereby ensuring the adequacy of the material classification after the suspension is hydraulically classified by the hydrocyclone 1.

[0050] The horizontal end side of the bending flow cutting plate 13 in the material conveying pipe 2 is bent, and the bending direction is consistent with the direction of the fluid, which plays a role in guiding the flow.

[0051] The solid-liquid separation structure in the separation recovery tank 4 includes a separation filter cartridge 15, a high-speed motor 16 and a coupling 17. The discharge pipe 3 is bent. The top of the separation recovery tank 4 is connected to a flange sealing cover 14 by bolts. The end of the discharge pipe 3 away from the discharge port on the hydrocyclone 1 is connected to the separation recovery tank 4 by being fixedly connected to the flange sealing cover 14. A high-speed motor 16 is fixedly installed at the center of the outer wall of the bottom end of the separation recovery tank 4, and a coupling 17 extending into the separation recovery tank 4 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the high-speed motor 16. The separation filter cartridge 15 is connected to the coupling 17, and an active transmission structure is arranged between the separation filter cartridge 15 and the coupling 17. The filter holes on the separation filter cartridges 15 in the two groups of separation recovery tanks 4 have different diameters, which are used to recover rare earth polishing powder particles of different sizes after classification.

[0052] The bottom inner wall of the separation recovery tank 4 is inclined, and a drain port 19 connected to the drain pipe 20 is opened at the lowest side of the inner wall corresponding to the bottom end of the separation recovery tank 4. An integrated hemispherical protrusion 18 is fixedly provided at the center of the bottom inner wall of the separation recovery tank 4 corresponding to the position of the connecting coupling 17.

[0053] The active transmission structure includes a filter cartridge bottom plate 21, a fan-shaped arc slot 23, a transmission horizontal shaft 24, a fan-shaped arc plate 25 and a sleeve slot 26. The bottom end of the separation filter cartridge 15 is fixedly provided with an integrated filter cartridge bottom plate 21. The center of the bottom outer wall of the filter cartridge bottom plate 21 is provided with an open plug-in slot 22 plugged into the top of the coupling 17, and symmetrical open fan-shaped arc slots 23 are provided on both sides of the corresponding plug-in slot 22 at the bottom end of the filter cartridge bottom plate 21. The fan-shaped arc slots 23 on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate 21 are symmetrical to each other and the arc of the fan-shaped arc slots 23 is ninety degrees. The two sides of the coupling 17 near the top are fixedly provided with an integrated transmission horizontal shaft 24 for clamping and filling in the fan-shaped arc slot. In the groove 23, the fan-shaped arc grooves 23 on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate 21 correspond to the side inner walls that are far away from each other and are fixedly provided with integrated fan-shaped arc plates 25, and the curvature of the fan-shaped arc plates 25 is twenty-five to forty-five degrees. Through-type sleeve grooves 26 adapted to the fan-shaped arc plates 25 are opened on both sides of the transmission horizontal axis 24. The transmission horizontal axes 24 on both sides of the top of the coupling 17 are sleeved on the fan-shaped arc plates 25 on both sides of the inside of the filter cartridge bottom plate 21 through the sleeve grooves 26, and the transmission horizontal axes 24 on both sides are respectively fitted with the side inner walls of the fan-shaped arc grooves 23 on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate 21. The fan-shaped arc grooves 23 and the fan-shaped arc plates 25 on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate 21 are symmetrically arranged.

[0054] The active transmission structure also includes a vertical cavity 27, a card receiving ball 28, a reset spring 29 and a hemispherical card slot 30. The top outer wall of the fan-shaped arc plate 25 corresponding to the area sleeved with the transmission horizontal axis 24 is provided with a plurality of groups of open vertical cavities 27 distributed laterally and equidistantly. The card receiving ball 28 is slidably carded at the top port of the vertical cavity 27 on the top outer wall of the fan-shaped arc plate 25 corresponding to the top port of the vertical cavity 27. The reset spring 29 is fixedly connected between the bottom end of the card receiving ball 28 and the bottom inner wall of the vertical cavity 27. The upper half of the receiving ball 28 protrudes from the top outer wall of the fan-shaped arc plate 25, and the sleeve groove 26 in the transmission horizontal shaft 24 corresponds to the top inner wall that is in contact with the top of the fan-shaped arc plate 25. A plurality of groups of hemispherical card grooves 30 are opened, and the plurality of groups of hemispherical card grooves 30 correspond to the plurality of groups of card-receiving balls 28 protruding parts on the fan-shaped arc plate 25, one by one, to complete the fixed connection between the transmission horizontal shaft 24 and the fan-shaped arc plate 25 in the fan-shaped arc empty groove 23, that is, to ensure the contact and fixed connectivity between the transmission horizontal shaft 24 and the filter cartridge bottom plate 21.

[0055] Working principle: The rare earth polishing powder efficient grading and recycling device adopts the rare earth polishing powder hydraulic suspension grading method when grading the rare earth polishing powder. During the grading operation, water is conveyed to the hydrocyclone 1 through the feeding pipe 2, and at the same time, the rare earth polishing powder material is poured into the water flow in the feeding pipe 2 through the feeding hopper 5. The rare earth polishing powder material in the feeding hopper 5 enters the feeding pipe 2 and is mixed with the water flow to form a suspension of a certain concentration. At this time, the servo motor 12 under the feeding pipe 2 needs to be started at the same time to drive the vertical shaft 6 and the conical shaft 7 in the feeding pipe 2 to rotate, and the multiple groups of vertical shafts 6 in the feeding pipe 2 are connected by multiple groups of double-groove pulleys 10 and belts 11, so that the multiple groups of vertical shafts 6 and the conical shaft 7 can rotate synchronously, and the rotation direction of the conical shaft 7 is controlled to be consistent with the water flow direction, and when the conical shaft 7 rotates, it drives the cross stirring blades 8 on it and the multiple groups on the bottom side. When the S-shaped stirring blades 9 rotate synchronously, and when the multiple groups of S-shaped stirring blades 9 at the bottom of the conical shaft 7 rotate at the same time, a complex flow pattern can be generated during the rotation process, including radial flow and axial flow. This flow pattern helps to bring the solid particles of the rare earth polishing powder from the bottom to the central area, thereby achieving more uniform mixing. The S-shaped stirring blades 9 on the conical shaft 7 and the cross stirring blades 8 at the center height of the feeding pipe 2 can generate strong shearing force and impact force during the rotation process, which helps to better disperse the solid particles in the liquid, can significantly reduce the agglomeration of solid particles, and improve the uniformity of solid-liquid mixing. Therefore, through the homogenizing structure in the feeding pipe 2, when the material in the feeding hopper 5 is mixed with the water flow in the feeding pipe 2, a large amount of rare earth polishing powder can be prevented from being deposited at the bottom of the water flow, thereby improving the homogenizing effect of the rare earth polishing powder and the water flow mixed into a suspension;

[0056] When the rare earth polishing powder suspension in the feed pipe 2 continues to be transported through the homogenizing structure 1, it passes through the area provided with the homogenizing structure 2. At this time, after the suspension that has undergone the first solid-liquid mixing flows to the multiple groups of bending and cutting flow plates 13, the suspension fluid flows in the pipeline and impacts the multiple groups of bending and cutting flow plates 13, thereby increasing the velocity gradient of the laminar flow of the fluid or forming turbulence. During laminar flow, the homogeneity of the solid-liquid mixing in the suspension is further increased through continuous "convergence → division → position movement / reversal → re-convergence", that is, the mixing uniformity of the rare earth polishing powder suspension before entering the hydrocyclone 1 is ensured, thereby ensuring the adequacy of the material classification after the suspension is hydraulically classified by the hydrocyclone 1.

[0057] After the suspension fluid enters the hydrocyclone 1 through the feed pipe 2, the material can be classified. The small-diameter particle mixture and the large-diameter particle mixture will flow out through the top overflow port and the bottom discharge port of the hydrocyclone 1 respectively to complete the classification, and the classified rare earth polishing powder mixture will enter the two sets of separation recovery tanks 4 through the two sets of discharge pipes 3 respectively for recycling.

[0058] When recycling the classified rare earth polishing powder mixture, the high-speed motor 16 at the bottom of the two sets of separation recovery tanks 4 can be driven, and the high-speed motor 16 will drive the coupling 17 to rotate at a high speed. At this time, the filter cartridge bottom plate 21 at the bottom of the separation filter cartridge 15 is fixedly connected with the transmission horizontal shaft 24 on both sides of the coupling 17, thereby transmitting the separation filter cartridge 15, causing the separation filter cartridge 15 to rotate at a high speed, and performing solid-liquid separation through centrifugal force, so that the classified rare earth polishing powder particle material will remain in the separation filter cartridge 15, and the separated water will flow to the opposite bottom side along the inclined bottom inner wall of the separation recovery tank 4, and be discharged through the drain port 19 and the drain pipe 20, and the water discharged from the separation recovery tank 4 will flow into the water source end again through the drain pipe 20, and the separated water will not accumulate and remain in the separation recovery tank 4 through the inclined inner wall of the bottom end of the separation recovery tank 4 and the hemispherical protrusion 18 connected to the coupling 17, and the separation of the water can be guaranteed. The recovery tank 4 is improved in terms of drainage adequacy;

[0059] After the classified rare earth polishing powder mixed liquid is separated into solid and liquid by the solid-liquid separation device in the separation recovery tank 4, the flange sealing cover 14 at the bottom of the separation recovery tank 4 can be opened to take out the separation filter cartridge 15 to complete the recovery. At this time, the separation filter cartridge 15 is rotated with force to separate the fan-shaped arc plate 25 in the filter cartridge bottom plate 21 from the transmission horizontal shaft 24 until the transmission horizontal shaft 24 is located in the hollow area of ​​the fan-shaped arc hollow groove 23 where the fan-shaped arc plate 25 is not set. At this time, the separation filter cartridge 15 can be taken out upward to recycle the classified rare earth polishing powder material; and the rotation direction when the separation filter cartridge 15 is removed is the same as the rotation direction of the separation filter cartridge 15 during separation, because the transmission horizontal shaft 24 passing through both sides of the coupling 17 is in contact with the filter cartridge bottom plate 21 for transmission during separation, and when the separation filter cartridge 15 is removed, the coupling 17 is stationary, and at this time, the rotation direction of the separation filter cartridge 15 removed is consistent with the direction in which the coupling 17 drives the separation filter cartridge 15 to rotate;

[0060] When the separation filter cartridge 15 is disassembled and assembled, the installation process is to plug the filter cartridge bottom plate 21 at the bottom end of the separation filter cartridge 15 into the top end of the coupling shaft 17 and fill the transmission transverse shafts 24 on both sides into the hollow area in the fan-shaped arc hollow groove 23, and rotate the separation filter cartridge 15 in the opposite direction, so that the fan-shaped arc plate 25 in the fan-shaped arc hollow groove 23 is plugged into the transmission transverse shaft 24 through the sleeve groove 26, and the plugging of the fan-shaped arc plate 25 and the transmission transverse shaft 24 during installation and the separation of the fan-shaped arc plate 25 and the transmission transverse shaft 24 during disassembly will cause the snap-in ball 28 to be squeezed by the arc-shaped inner wall of the hemispherical snap-in groove 30 and retracted into the vertical cavity 27 and compress the reset spring 29 to deform, and then the snap-in ball 28 is moved up and restored to its original state through the force of the reset spring 29, and the snap-in connection between the snap-in ball 28 and the hemispherical snap-in groove 30 can improve the fixed connection between the transmission transverse shaft 24 and the filter cartridge bottom plate 21.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rare earth polishing powder efficient classification and recycling device, comprising a hydrocyclone (1), wherein the top overflow port of the hydrocyclone (1) is a small particle discharge port, and the bottom end of the hydrocyclone (1) is a large particle discharge port, characterized in that: Also includes: A material delivery pipe (2) is fixedly connected to a feed port on one side of the hydrocyclone (1) near the top, and is used to connect the hydrocyclone (1) with a water source and to deliver a suspension formed by mixing rare earth polishing powder and water; A feeding hopper (5) installed on the material conveying pipe (2) for feeding rare earth polishing powder; The two groups of separation recovery tanks (4) and the solid-liquid separation structure in the separation recovery tanks (4) are respectively connected to the top and bottom ends of the hydrocyclone (1), and a discharge pipe (3) is fixedly connected between the separation recovery tank (4) and the top discharge port and the bottom discharge port of the hydrocyclone (1), and a drainage pipe (20) connected to a water source is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the separation recovery tank (4). The two groups of separation recovery tanks (4) and the solid-liquid separation structure inside are used to recover the classified rare earth polishing powder; A homogenizing structure 1 and a homogenizing structure 2 are arranged in the material conveying pipe (2) in the area between the corresponding feeding hopper (5) and the hydrocyclone (1), and the homogenizing structure 1 and the homogenizing structure 2 are used to uniformly mix the rare earth polishing powder and water multiple times in the material conveying pipe (2) to form a homogenous suspension; The homogenizing structure 1 comprises a vertical rotating shaft (6), a conical shaft (7), a cross stirring blade (8) and an S-shaped stirring blade (9). The inner wall of the bottom of the feeding pipe (2) corresponds to the lower part connected to the feeding hopper (5) and is rotatably mounted with a plurality of sets of vertical rotating shafts (6). The plurality of sets of vertical rotating shafts (6) are arranged horizontally in a straight line with equal spacing. A conical shaft (7) is fixedly mounted on each set of vertical rotating shafts (6). The conical shaft (7) is conical in shape. A cross stirring blade (8) is fixedly sleeved near the top of the conical shaft (7). A plurality of sets of S-shaped stirring blades (9) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the conical shaft (7) near the bottom. The plurality of sets of S-shaped stirring blades (9) on each set of the conical shaft (7) are distributed in a circular shape with equal spacing. The S-shaped stirring blades (9) are horizontally arranged in an S shape.

2. The device for efficiently grading and recycling rare earth polishing powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The homogenizing structure 1 further comprises a double-groove pulley (10), a belt (11) and a servo motor (12); the bottom end of each group of vertical rotating shafts (6) of the feeding pipe (2) extends out of the bottom end of the feeding pipe (2) and is fixedly connected with the double-groove pulley (10); and a belt (11) is sleeved between two adjacent groups of double-groove pulleys (10); a servo motor (12) is fixedly installed below the bottom end of the feeding pipe (2) corresponding to the most side group of vertical rotating shafts (6); and the output shaft of the servo motor (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the corresponding vertical rotating shaft (6); and the multiple groups of belts (11) sleeved between the multiple groups of double-groove pulleys (10) on the bottom ends of the multiple groups of vertical rotating shafts (6) are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner.

3. The device for efficiently grading and recycling rare earth polishing powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the conical shaft (7) is flush with the center height inside the material conveying pipe (2).

4. The device for efficiently grading and recycling rare earth polishing powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second homogenizing structure comprises a plurality of groups of bending flow cutting plates (13), the bending flow cutting plates (13) being L-shaped as a whole, and the second homogenizing structure is arranged in the area of ​​the material conveying pipe (2) close to the feed inlet of the hydrocyclone (1), the inner wall of the bottom end of the material conveying pipe (2) being fixedly mounted with a plurality of groups of bending flow cutting plates (13) spaced equidistantly in the horizontal direction, and a group of bending flow cutting plates (13) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the top end of the material conveying pipe (2) at the middle of the interval between two adjacent groups of bending flow cutting plates (13) at the bottom, that is, the plurality of groups of bending flow cutting plates (13) in the material conveying pipe (2) are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner, the horizontal sections of the plurality of groups of bending flow cutting plates (13) arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner are all oriented towards the feed inlet of the hydrocyclone (1), and the horizontal sections of the two adjacent groups of bending flow cutting plates (13) in an up-and-down staggered manner are all close to the central horizontal line of the material conveying pipe (2) and are spaced from each other to form a fluid dividing channel.

5. The device for efficiently grading and recycling rare earth polishing powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal section end side of the bending flow cutting plate (13) in the material conveying through pipe (2) is bent, and the bending direction is consistent with the direction of the fluid.

6. The device for efficiently grading and recycling rare earth polishing powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-liquid separation structure in the separation recovery tank (4) comprises a separation filter cartridge (15), a high-speed motor (16) and a coupling (17); the discharge pipe (3) is bent; the top of the separation recovery tank (4) is connected to a flange sealing cover (14) by bolts; the end of the discharge pipe (3) away from the discharge port on the hydrocyclone (1) is connected to the separation recovery tank (4) by fixed connection with the flange sealing cover (14); a high-speed motor (16) is fixedly installed at the center of the outer wall of the bottom end of the separation recovery tank (4); and a coupling (17) extending into the interior of the separation recovery tank (4) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the high-speed motor (16); the separation filter cartridge (15) is connected to the coupling (17); and an active transmission structure is provided between the separation filter cartridge (15) and the coupling (17).

7. The device for efficiently grading and recycling rare earth polishing powder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom inner wall of the separation recovery tank (4) is inclined, and a drainage port (19) connected to a drainage pipe (20) is provided at the bottom end of the separation recovery tank (4) corresponding to the lowest side of the inner wall. An integrated hemispherical protrusion (18) is fixedly provided at the center of the bottom inner wall of the separation recovery tank (4) corresponding to the position of the connecting coupling (17).

8. The device for efficiently grading and recycling rare earth polishing powder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The active transmission structure comprises a filter cartridge bottom plate (21), a fan-shaped arc slot (23), a transmission transverse shaft (24), a fan-shaped arc plate (25) and a sleeve slot (26); the bottom end of the separation filter cartridge (15) is fixedly provided with an integrated filter cartridge bottom plate (21); an open-type plug-in slot (22) plugged into the top of the coupling shaft (17) is provided at the center of the bottom outer wall of the filter cartridge bottom plate (21); and symmetrical open-type fan-shaped arc slots (23) are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the filter cartridge bottom plate (21) corresponding to the plug-in slot (22); the fan-shaped arc slots (23) on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate (21) are symmetrical to each other and the arc of the fan-shaped arc slots (23) is ninety degrees; the two sides of the coupling shaft (17) near the top are fixedly provided with an integrated transmission transverse shaft (24) for clamping and filling in the fan-shaped arc slots. In the groove (23), the inner side walls of the fan-shaped arc-shaped slots (23) on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate (21) corresponding to the side walls away from each other are fixedly provided with integrated fan-shaped arc plates (25), and the arc angle of the fan-shaped arc plates (25) is 25 to 45 degrees. The two sides of the transmission transverse axis (24) are provided with through-type sleeve grooves (26) adapted to the fan-shaped arc plates (25). The transmission transverse axes (24) on both sides of the top of the coupling (17) are sleeved on the fan-shaped arc plates (25) on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate (21) through the sleeve grooves (26), and the transmission transverse axes (24) on both sides are respectively fitted with the inner side walls of the fan-shaped arc-shaped slots (23) on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate (21). The fan-shaped arc-shaped slots (23) and the fan-shaped arc plates (25) on both sides of the filter cartridge bottom plate (21) are symmetrically arranged.

9. The device for efficiently grading and recycling rare earth polishing powder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The active transmission structure further comprises a vertical cavity (27), a locking ball (28), a return spring (29) and a hemispherical locking groove (30); the top outer wall of the fan-shaped arc plate (25) corresponding to the area sleeved with the transmission transverse axis (24) is provided with a plurality of groups of open vertical cavities (27) distributed in a transverse equidistant manner; and a locking ball (28) is slidably locked at the top port of the vertical cavity (27) on the top outer wall of the fan-shaped arc plate (25), and the bottom of the locking ball (28) is A return spring (29) is fixedly connected between the end and the bottom inner wall of the vertical cavity (27); the upper half of the snap-in ball (28) protrudes from the top outer wall of the fan-shaped arc plate (25); and the sleeve groove (26) in the transmission horizontal shaft (24) is provided with a plurality of groups of hemispherical snap-in grooves (30) corresponding to the top inner wall abutting against the top of the fan-shaped arc plate (25); and the plurality of groups of hemispherical snap-in grooves (30) are snap-fitted one by one with the protruding parts of the plurality of groups of snap-in balls (28) on the fan-shaped arc plate (25).

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