A lightning current measurement method and system for lightning rod lightning connection test

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of lightning protection test technology, and discloses a lightning current measurement method and system for lightning rod lightning connection test, including a grounding plate, a lightning rod and a lightning test assembly, wherein the lightning rod is vertically installed in the middle of the grounding plate, and the lightning test assembly includes a metal shielding shell, an anti-corona ring, an insulating medium ring, an electrode connecting rod, an insulating support plate and a current conducting metal frame; the metal shielding shell is a cylindrical structure, and two anti-corona rings are respectively installed on the two ends of the metal shielding shell. The present invention adds a shielding structure around the measuring sensor, and at the same time converts the transmission mode into optical fiber transmission to avoid spatial electromagnetic interference, and adds sensors of multiple frequency bands to detect the waveform characteristics of different lightning development stages. In order to facilitate the installation of electrodes with different structural forms, the lightning current of the lightning rod during lightning connection can be effectively obtained after improvement, which is conducive to the study of the lightning rod lightning connection principle and characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection testing, and more particularly to a lightning current measurement method and system for lightning rod lightning protection testing. Background Art

[0002] Lightning is a common natural disaster that can cause serious damage to electricity, transportation, energy, aviation and personal safety. Lightning discharge is a complex physical process, and there are still many unclear points about its mechanism. Franklin lightning rods are often used in engineering to prevent lightning strikes. Nowadays, there are many new types of lightning rods, so it is necessary to study the lightning characteristics of lightning rods.

[0003] At present, the lightning rod lightning characteristics in the laboratory are often carried out by using an impulse high-voltage generator to generate high voltages of different waveforms to break through the air and observe the lightning rod lightning conditions. In such tests, the lightning rod is usually placed on a metal grounding plate to simulate the lightning rod, and a high-voltage electrode is placed in the space above the lightning rod to simulate the process of lightning breaking through the air and attaching to the lightning rod.

[0004] For high voltage discharge process, rod electrode-ground plate is generally used to generate uneven field, and plate electrode-ground plate is used to generate uniform electric field. There are differences in the current amplitude and frequency band generated by the development of lightning leader and streamer in the initial stage of lightning discharge and the current formed in the main discharge channel after lightning attaches to the lightning rod. Research on this is of great significance for analyzing the lightning rod lightning process.

[0005] There are many interference factors in measuring lightning current at the ground potential end, such as electromagnetic field coupling interference in the space environment and the influence of displacement current between the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode. To ensure accurate and reliable measurement results, reduce interference factors. Measuring at the high potential end can effectively reduce some interference factors, but measuring at the high-voltage end poses safety risks to equipment and personnel. Shielding treatment is also required to avoid the influence of high-voltage adhesion and strong field on the operation of the measuring equipment. There are also large differences in the structural forms of the flat electrodes and rod electrodes used to generate high voltage. If a measurement system is not compatible with different forms of electrodes, it is difficult to complete the lightning current measurement research of a lightning rod under different high-voltage electrodes. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a lightning current measurement method and system for a lightning rod lightning connection test, which solves the technical problems in the related art.

[0007] The present invention provides a lightning current measurement system for lightning rod lightning connection test, comprising a grounding plate, a lightning rod and a lightning test assembly, wherein the lightning rod is vertically installed in the middle of the grounding plate, and the lightning test assembly comprises a metal shielding shell, an anti-corona ring, an insulating medium ring, an electrode connecting rod, an insulating support plate and a current conducting metal frame;

[0008] The metal shielding shell is a cylindrical structure, two anti-corona rings are respectively installed on the two ends of the metal shielding shell, an insulating medium ring is installed on the open end of the metal shielding shell, two insulating support plates are horizontally arranged in the metal shielding shell, the top of the electrode connecting rod is connected to the middle of the current conducting metal frame, the electrode connecting rod is vertically inserted into the insulating medium ring, and the end of the electrode connecting rod extends out of the insulating medium ring;

[0009] A low-frequency current sampling resistor is installed on the electrode connecting rod; a photoelectric converter is installed on an insulating support plate close to the current conducting metal frame, and a high-frequency current sensor is installed on another insulating support plate; the high-frequency current sensor and the low-frequency current sampling resistor are connected to the photoelectric converter in parallel, and the output end of the photoelectric converter extends to the outside of the metal shielding shell through an optical fiber;

[0010] The bottom end of the electrode connecting rod is connected with a discharge needle or a connection plate; when the discharge needle is installed, the bottom end of the discharge needle is opposite to the top end of the lightning rod; when the connection plate is installed, the connection plate is arranged parallel to the grounding plate, and the end surface center of the lightning rod corresponds to the connection plate;

[0011] It also includes a lightning voltage generator, two ends of which are connected to a grounding plate and a measuring hook through wires respectively;

[0012] It also includes a mounting frame and an adjustment frame. The grounding plate is horizontally placed on the bottom outer wall of the mounting frame. The adjustment frame is an insulating arc track. The insulating arc track is installed on the mounting frame. A connecting frame is provided on the insulating arc track. The lightning test component is vertically installed on the mounting frame, and the connecting frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the insulating arc track.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustment frame also includes a driving gear and a connecting rod, the connecting rod is inserted into the driving gear, a tooth groove is provided on the outer side wall of the insulating arc track, the driving gear is meshed and connected to the tooth groove, and a driving member is provided at the end of the connecting rod. The driving member drives the driving gear to drive the insulating arc track to move by rotating the connecting rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the height difference between the bottom end of the discharge needle and the top end of the lightning rod is the same as the plate surface spacing between the connecting plate and the grounding plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a measuring hook is installed on the top of the metal shielding shell, and the measuring hook is used as a high voltage input terminal.

[0016] Furthermore, the angle between the discharge needle and the lightning rod is changed by adjusting the adjustable hinge, and the angle is the angle between the connecting line between the discharge needle and the lightning rod and the plumb line.

[0017] Furthermore, the current conducting metal frame is a cross-shaped structure, and four sides of the top of the current conducting metal frame are abutted and connected with the inner side wall of the metal shielding shell.

[0018] Furthermore, a sliding bracket is provided on the mounting frame, and when the two sides of the insulating arc track are slidably connected to the inner side walls of the sliding bracket, the lightning test assembly always maintains an upright shape.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom end of the electrode connecting rod is a threaded structure, and the top end of the discharge needle or the connecting electrode plate is provided with a coupling portion adapted to the threaded structure.

[0020] Furthermore, the electrode connecting rod is connected to the joint and the discharge needle or the connecting electrode plate through a threaded structure, and the length direction of the electrode connecting rod is consistent with the length direction of the discharge needle and the vertical line of the plate surface of the connecting electrode plate.

[0021] The present invention provides a method for measuring lightning current in a lightning rod lightning connection test, such as the aforementioned lightning current measurement system for a lightning rod lightning connection test, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S100: The lightning rod is installed vertically at the center of the grounding plate. The connection between the lightning rod and the grounding plate is adjusted by an adjustable hinge;

[0023] Pre-set the distance between the lightning rod and the discharge needle or the connecting plate to ensure that the height difference or the distance between the plates is consistent;

[0024] S200: Use the mounting bracket and adjustment bracket to adjust the position of the lightning rod so that the discharge needle or connecting plate is at the correct angle;

[0025] Adjust the connecting frame on the insulating arc track to keep the lightning test assembly in a vertical state;

[0026] Use the driving gear and connecting rod to adjust the angle between the lightning rod and the discharge needle to ensure that the discharge path points to the lightning rod;

[0027] S300: Connect the lightning voltage generator to the grounding plate and the measuring hook through a wire to generate simulated lightning;

[0028] S400: Start the lightning voltage generator to generate simulated lightning and observe whether the lightning rod is successfully connected to the lightning;

[0029] Record the lightning current data through the photoelectric converter, and analyze the data of the high-frequency current sensor and the low-frequency current sampling resistor;

[0030] S500: Analyze the collected data to determine the lightning protection performance of the lightning rod, including the lightning protection efficiency and key parameters of current distribution;

[0031] Repeat steps S300-S500, adjust the angle of the lightning rod, and test the lightning protection effect at different angles;

[0032] S600: Evaluate the effective protection range of the lightning rod and its performance at different angles based on data analysis results.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] The present invention adds a shielding structure around the measuring sensor and converts the transmission mode into optical fiber transmission to avoid spatial electromagnetic interference. It also adds sensors of multiple frequency bands to detect the waveform characteristics of different lightning development stages. This is to facilitate the installation of electrodes with different structural forms. After the improvement, the lightning current of the lightning rod can be effectively obtained, which is beneficial to the study of the lightning rod lightning protection principle and characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement state structure of a connection plate connected in a lightning current measurement system for a lightning rod lightning connection test proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a discharge needle connected to a lightning current measurement system for a lightning rod lightning connection test proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 Side view of

[0038] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting plate connected to a lightning current measurement system for a lightning rod lightning connection test proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 4 The main view;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a first state of the distance between the measuring end and the lightning rod in the rolling ball method measurement of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a second state of the distance between the measuring end and the lightning rod in the rolling ball method measurement of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the third state of the distance between the measuring end and the lightning rod in the rolling ball method measurement of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of system connection of a connecting plate in a lightning current measurement system for a lightning rod lightning connection test according to the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic diagram of system connection of a discharge needle in a lightning current measurement system for a lightning rod lightning connection test.

[0045] In the figure: 100, metal shielding shell; 110, insulating support plate; 120, optical fiber; 130, measuring hook; 200, anti-corona ring; 300, mounting frame; 310, adjustment frame; 311, insulating arc track; 312, driving gear; 313, connecting rod; 314, sliding bracket; 320, lightning voltage generator; 400, current conduction metal frame; 500, electrode connecting rod; 510, discharge needle; 520, connecting plate; 540, lightning rod; 550, grounding plate; 600, insulating medium ring; 700, photoelectric converter; 800, high-frequency current sensor; 900, low-frequency current sampling resistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example implementations. It should be understood that the discussion of these implementations is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the present specification. Various examples may omit, replace, or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, the features described in some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0047] At least one embodiment of the present invention discloses a lightning current measurement system for lightning rod lightning test, such as Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, including:

[0048] The grounding plate 550 and the lightning rod 540, the lightning rod 540 is initially installed vertically in the middle of the grounding plate 550, and an adjustable hinge is provided at the bottom connection between the lightning rod 540 and the grounding plate 550, and the adjustable hinge can fix the angle between the lightning rod 540 and the grounding plate 550;

[0049] A lightning test assembly, comprising a metal shielding shell 100, an anti-corona ring 200, an insulating medium ring 600, an electrode connecting rod 500, an insulating support plate 110 and a current conducting metal frame 400;

[0050] The metal shielding shell 100 is a cylindrical structure, the bottom end of the metal shielding shell 100 is an open end, and two anti-corona rings 200 are respectively installed on the two ends of the metal shielding shell 100, the insulating medium ring 600 is installed on the open end of the metal shielding shell 100, and two insulating support plates 110 are horizontally arranged in the metal shielding shell 100. The current conducting metal frame 400 is a cross-shaped structure, the top end of the electrode connecting rod 500 is connected to the middle part of the current conducting metal frame 400, the electrode connecting rod 500 is vertically inserted into the insulating medium ring 600, and the end of the electrode connecting rod 500 extends out of the insulating medium ring 600;

[0051] A low-frequency current sampling resistor 900 is installed on the electrode connecting rod 500;

[0052] A photoelectric converter 700 is mounted on the insulating support plate 110 close to the current conducting metal frame 400, and a high-frequency current sensor 800 is mounted on another insulating support plate 110;

[0053] The high-frequency current sensor 800 and the low-frequency current sampling resistor 900 are connected in parallel to the photoelectric converter 700, and the output end of the photoelectric converter 700 extends to the outside of the metal shielding shell 100 through the optical fiber 120;

[0054] The bottom end of the electrode connecting rod 500 is a threaded structure, and the electrode connecting rod 500 is connected to the discharge needle 510 or the connecting electrode plate 520 through the threaded structure;

[0055] When the discharge needle 510 is installed, the bottom end of the discharge needle 510 is opposite to the top end of the lightning rod 540;

[0056] When the connecting plate 520 is installed, the connecting plate 520 is arranged in parallel with the grounding plate 550, and the lightning rod 540 corresponds to the center of the end surface of the connecting plate 520;

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, the height difference between the bottom end of the discharge needle 510 and the top end of the lightning rod 540 is the same as the plate spacing between the connecting plate 520 and the grounding plate 550;

[0058] That is, the measured height difference remains consistent, which effectively avoids the problem that lightning does not select the lightning rod 540 as the discharge path, and the distance of the discharge path is the same;

[0059] A measuring hook 130 is installed at the top of the metal shielding shell 100, and the measuring hook 130 can be used as a high voltage input terminal;

[0060] It also includes a lightning voltage generator 320, and two ends of the lightning voltage generator 320 are connected to the grounding plate 550 and the measuring hook 130 through wires respectively;

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, it should be supplemented that a mounting frame 300 and an adjusting frame 310 are further provided, the grounding plate 550 is horizontally placed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the mounting frame 300, the adjusting frame 310 is an insulating arc track 311, the insulating arc track 311 is installed on the mounting frame 300, a connecting frame is provided on the insulating arc track 311, the lightning test assembly is vertically installed on the mounting frame 300, the connecting frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the insulating arc track 311, and the lightning test assembly always maintains a vertical shape;

[0062] The adjustment frame 310 further includes a driving gear 312 and a connecting rod 313. The connecting rod 313 is inserted into the driving gear 312. A tooth groove is provided on the outer side wall of the insulating arc track 311. The driving gear 312 is meshed and connected to the tooth groove. A driving member is provided at the end of the connecting rod 313. The driving member drives the driving gear 312 to drive the insulating arc track 311 to move by rotating the connecting rod 313. A sliding bracket 314 is provided on the mounting frame 300. Both sides of the insulating arc track 311 are slidably connected to the inner side wall of the sliding bracket 314.

[0063] The adjusting frame 310 is driven by the driving member of the connecting rod 313 to drive the lightning rod 540 to rotate, and the lightning rod 540 is driven by the insulating arc track 311 to adjust the angle between the lightning rod 540 and the discharge needle 510. At the same time, the angle between the discharge needle 510 and the lightning rod 540 can be changed by adjusting the adjustable hinge, and the angle is the angle between the connecting line between the discharge needle 510 and the lightning rod 540 and the plumb line;

[0064] By adjusting the movement of the lightning test component on the insulating arc track 311, the angle of the discharge path can be adjusted. In the simulation test, the discharge path tends to follow the path with the least resistance, so the angle will affect whether the discharge will point directly to the lightning rod 540. If the angle is not appropriate, it may cause the discharge to deviate to other objects instead of the lightning rod 540. This adjustment process can verify the protection range of the lightning rod 540.

[0065] Distance within the protection range: The protection range of a lightning rod 540 can be calculated by a variety of methods, one common method being the rolling ball method.

[0066] According to the rolling ball radius (usually a certain value, depending on the type of building), if a virtual sphere rolls down from the top of the lightning rod 540 , the horizontal distance that can be covered is the protection radius of the lightning rod 540 .

[0067] Objects within this distance are considered to be under the protection of the lightning rod 540.

[0068] Distance between the lightning source and the lightning rod 540 : In the simulation test, the distance between the lightning source (i.e., the generating end) and the lightning rod 540 needs to be carefully set to ensure that the lightning discharge path will point to the lightning rod 540 .

[0069] If the distance is too far, lightning may not select the lightning rod 540 as a discharge path; if the distance is too close, it may not accurately reflect the situation in the real environment.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the lightning source and the lightning rod 540 is calculated as follows:

[0071] According to the rolling ball method, the protection range of the lightning rod 540 (lightning terminal) should be determined by the following method:

[0072] When the height of the lightning conductor is greater than or equal to 2 times the rolling ball radius, there is no protection range; when the height of the lightning conductor is less than 2 times the rolling ball radius, the space between the 2 arc lines (cylinder) of the rolling ball radius and the ground is the protection range.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific content of the angle of the measurement factor is as follows:

[0074] When the height of the lightning conductor is greater than or equal to 2 times the rolling ball radius, there is no protection range; when the height of the lightning conductor is less than 2 times the rolling ball radius, the space between the 2 arc lines (cylinder) of the rolling ball radius and the ground is the protection range.

[0075] like Figure 6 As shown, the first state: when < <2 When the height of the highest point of the protection range is It can be calculated as follows: =2 - ;

[0076] like Figure 7 As shown, the second state: when ≤ When the height of the highest point of the protection range is ,Right now =

[0077] like Figure 8 As shown, the third state: the lightning conductor is Protection width b on the XX' plane of height x It can be calculated as follows: ;

[0078] In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific content of the angle of the measurement factor is as follows:

[0079] Protection angle: The protection angle is the angle between the line of sight from the top of the lightning rod 540 to a point on the ground and the vertical line. This angle helps define the boundary of the protection range of the lightning rod 540. Generally speaking, the smaller the angle, the wider the protection range of the lightning rod 540.

[0080] Angle of the discharge path: The angle of the discharge path is also very important in the simulation test. The discharge path tends to follow the path of least resistance, so the angle affects whether the discharge will be directed directly to the lightning rod 540. If the angle is not appropriate, it may cause the discharge to deviate to other objects instead of the lightning rod 540.

[0081] In one embodiment of the present invention, the height of the measurement factor is specifically as follows:

[0082] The height of the lightning rod 540 relative to the surrounding environment: The lightning rod 540 must be higher than all objects around it to ensure that it is the highest point in the environment, thereby attracting lightning. If the lightning rod 540 is not the highest point, lightning may choose another higher object as a discharge path.

[0083] The height difference between the lightning rod 540 and the protected object: The height difference between the lightning rod 540 and the protected object affects the protection effect. In theory, the higher the lightning rod 540 is, the wider its protection range is.

[0084] However, this is also affected by the lightning rod 540 design, material and surrounding environment.

[0085] High-voltage electrodes of different structures may be required in the test, generally including rod electrodes and plate electrodes. If the measurement system is not compatible with the electrodes, the efficiency of the test will be greatly reduced.

[0086] 1. Add a shielding structure around the measuring sensor; 2. Convert the transmission mode to optical fiber 120 transmission to avoid spatial electromagnetic interference 3. The measuring device can add sensors of multiple frequency bands to detect the waveform characteristics of different lightning development stages. 4. The measurement system needs to be convenient for adapting to the installation of electrodes of different structural forms. 5. Use anti-rings at both ends to reduce the interference of corona discharge at the edge of the shielding shell on the measurement.

[0087] After the above problems are improved, the lightning current of lightning rod 540 can be effectively obtained, which provides effective support for the research on the lightning protection principle and characteristics of lightning rod 540.

[0088] It should be noted that the lower end of the measuring device is an electrode connecting rod 500, and the bottom of the electrode connecting rod 500 is a connecting thread. The electrode can be quickly replaced by threaded connection. The internal parts are mainly measuring devices for currents of different frequency bands, such as a high-frequency current sensor 800, a low-frequency current sampling resistor 900, and a photoelectric conversion device.

[0089] According to the above content, the lightning test assembly needs to be installed: all components, including the anti-corona ring 200, the insulating medium ring 600, the electrode connecting rod 500, the insulating support plate 110 and the current conducting metal frame 400, are correctly installed in the metal shielding shell 100; the low-frequency current sampling resistor 900 is installed on the electrode connecting rod 500; the photoelectric converter 700 is installed on the insulating support plate 110 close to the current conducting metal frame 400, and the high-frequency current sensor 800 is installed on the other insulating support plate 110; the high-frequency current sensor 800 and the low-frequency current sampling resistor 900 are connected in parallel to the photoelectric converter 700, and it is ensured that the output end of the photoelectric converter 700 is led out of the metal shielding shell 100 through the optical fiber 120; the discharge needle 510 or the connecting plate 520 is selected according to the experimental requirements, and it is installed at the bottom end of the electrode connecting rod 500.

[0090] The present invention also provides a lightning current measurement method for a lightning rod lightning connection test, comprising the following steps:

[0091] S100: vertically install the lightning rod 540 at the center of the grounding plate 550, and ensure that the connection between the lightning rod 540 and the grounding plate 550 is completed through an adjustable hinge;

[0092] According to the experimental requirements, the distance between the lightning rod 540 and the discharge needle 510 or the connecting plate 520 is pre-set to ensure that the height difference or the plate spacing is consistent;

[0093] S200: Use the mounting frame 300 and the adjusting frame 310 to adjust the position of the lightning rod 540 to ensure that it is at a correct angle relative to the discharge needle 510 or the connecting plate 520;

[0094] Adjust the connecting frame on the insulating arc track 311 to ensure that the lightning test assembly remains in a vertical state;

[0095] The driving gear 312 and the connecting rod 313 are used to adjust the angle between the lightning rod 540 and the discharge needle 510 to ensure that the discharge path is most likely to point to the lightning rod 540;

[0096] S300: Connecting the lightning voltage generator 320 to the grounding plate 550 and the measuring hook 130 through a wire to prepare to generate simulated lightning;

[0097] S400: Start the lightning voltage generator 320 to generate simulated lightning and observe whether the lightning rod 540 successfully receives lightning;

[0098] Record the lightning current data through the photoelectric converter 700, and analyze the data of the high-frequency current sensor 800 and the low-frequency current sampling resistor 900;

[0099] S500: Analyze the collected data to determine the lightning protection performance of the lightning rod 540, including key parameters such as lightning protection efficiency and current distribution.

[0100] If necessary, repeat steps S300-S500 to adjust the angle of the lightning rod 540 to test the lightning protection effect at different angles.

[0101] S600: Evaluate the effective protection range of the lightning rod 540 and the performance of the lightning rod 540 at different angles according to the data analysis result.

[0102] Through the above steps, the performance of lightning rods in lightning protection tests can be effectively measured and evaluated.

[0103] The above describes an embodiment of the present invention, but this embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation mode. The above-mentioned specific implementation mode is merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this embodiment, ordinary technicians in this field can also make more forms of equivalent embodiments, all of which are within the protection of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A lightning current measurement system for lightning rod lightning test, characterized in that: It comprises a grounding plate (550), a lightning rod (540) and a lightning test assembly, wherein the lightning rod (540) is vertically mounted in the middle of the grounding plate (550), and the lightning test assembly comprises a metal shielding shell (100), an anti-corona ring (200), an insulating medium ring (600), an electrode connecting rod (500), an insulating support plate (110) and a current conducting metal frame (400); The metal shielding shell (100) is a cylindrical structure, two anti-corona rings (200) are respectively mounted on two ends of the metal shielding shell (100), an insulating medium ring (600) is mounted on an open end of the metal shielding shell (100), two insulating support plates (110) are horizontally arranged in the metal shielding shell (100), the top end of the electrode connecting rod (500) is connected to the middle part of the current conducting metal frame (400), the electrode connecting rod (500) is vertically inserted into the insulating medium ring (600), and the end of the electrode connecting rod (500) extends out of the insulating medium ring (600); A low-frequency current sampling resistor (900) is installed on the electrode connecting rod (500); a photoelectric converter (700) is installed on an insulating support plate (110) close to the current conducting metal frame (400), and a high-frequency current sensor (800) is installed on another insulating support plate (110); the high-frequency current sensor (800) and the low-frequency current sampling resistor (900) are connected in parallel to the photoelectric converter (700), and the output end of the photoelectric converter (700) extends to the outside of the metal shielding shell (100) through an optical fiber (120); The bottom end of the electrode connecting rod (500) is connected to a discharge needle (510) or a connection electrode plate (520); when the discharge needle (510) is installed, the bottom end of the discharge needle (510) is opposite to the top end of the lightning rod (540); when the connection electrode plate (520) is installed, the connection electrode plate (520) and the grounding plate (550) are arranged in parallel, and the end faces of the lightning rod (540) and the connection electrode plate (520) correspond to each other; It also includes a lightning voltage generator (320), with two ends of the lightning voltage generator (320) being connected to a grounding plate (550) and a measuring hook (130) respectively through wires; The invention also comprises a mounting frame (300) and an adjusting frame (310), wherein a grounding plate (550) is horizontally placed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the mounting frame (300), and the adjusting frame (310) is an insulating arc track (311), and the insulating arc track (311) is mounted on the mounting frame (300), and a connecting frame is provided on the insulating arc track (311), and a lightning test component is vertically mounted on the mounting frame (300), and the connecting frame is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the insulating arc track (311).

2. A lightning current measurement system for lightning rod lightning connection test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment frame (310) further comprises a driving gear (312) and a connecting rod (313); the connecting rod (313) is inserted into the driving gear (312); a tooth groove is provided on the outer side wall of the insulating arc track (311); the driving gear (312) is meshedly connected to the tooth groove; a driving member is provided at the end of the connecting rod (313); the driving member drives the driving gear (312) to drive the insulating arc track (311) to move by rotating the connecting rod (313).

3. A lightning current measurement system for lightning rod lightning connection test according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height difference between the bottom end of the discharge needle (510) and the top end of the lightning rod (540) is the same as the plate surface distance between the connecting plate (520) and the grounding plate (550).

4. A lightning current measurement system for lightning rod lightning connection test according to claim 3, characterized in that: A measurement hook (130) is installed on the top of the metal shielding shell (100), and the measurement hook (130) is used as a high-voltage input terminal.

5. A lightning current measurement system for lightning rod lightning connection test according to claim 4, characterized in that: The angle between the discharge needle (510) and the lightning rod (540) is changed by adjusting the adjustable hinge, and the angle is the angle between the connecting line between the discharge needle (510) and the lightning rod (540) and the plumb line.

6. A lightning current measurement system for lightning rod lightning connection test according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current-conducting metal frame (400) is a cross-shaped structure, and the four sides of the top end of the current-conducting metal frame (400) are abutted and connected to the inner side wall of the metal shielding shell (100).

7. A lightning current measurement system for lightning rod lightning connection test according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sliding bracket (314) is provided on the mounting frame (300), and when two sides of the insulating arc track (311) are slidably connected to the inner side walls of the sliding bracket (314), the lightning test assembly always maintains a vertical position.

8. A lightning current measurement system for lightning rod lightning connection test according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom end of the electrode connecting rod (500) is a threaded structure, and the top end of the discharge needle (510) or the connecting electrode plate (520) is provided with a joint portion adapted to the threaded structure.

9. A lightning current measurement system for lightning rod lightning connection test according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrode connecting rod (500) is connected to the joint portion and the discharge needle (510) or the connecting electrode plate (520) via a threaded structure, and the length direction of the electrode connecting rod (500) is consistent with the length direction of the discharge needle (510) and the vertical line of the plate surface of the connecting electrode plate (520).

10. A method for measuring lightning current in a lightning rod lightning connection test, comprising measuring the lightning current in a lightning rod lightning connection test using the lightning current measuring system for a lightning rod lightning connection test as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100: vertically install the lightning rod (540) at the center of the grounding plate (550), and the connection between the lightning rod (540) and the grounding plate (550) is adjusted by an adjustable hinge; The distance between the lightning rod (540) and the discharge needle (510) or the connecting plate (520) is preset to ensure that the height difference or the plate surface spacing is consistent; S200: Using the mounting frame (300) and the adjusting frame (310) to adjust the position of the lightning rod (540), the discharge needle (510) or the connecting plate (520) is at a correct angle; Adjusting the connecting frame on the insulating arc track (311) to keep the lightning test assembly in a vertical state; Using the driving gear (312) and the connecting rod (313) to adjust the angle between the lightning rod (540) and the discharge needle (510), ensuring that the discharge path points to the lightning rod (540); S300: Connecting the lightning voltage generator (320) to the grounding plate (550) and the measuring hook (130) via a wire to generate simulated lightning; S400: starting the lightning voltage generator (320) to generate simulated lightning and observing whether the lightning rod (540) is successfully connected to the lightning; Recording lightning current data through a photoelectric converter (700), and analyzing data from a high-frequency current sensor (800) and a low-frequency current sampling resistor (900); S500: Analyze the collected data to determine the lightning protection performance of the lightning rod (540), including lightning protection efficiency and key parameters of current distribution; Repeat steps S300-S500, adjust the angle of the lightning rod (540), and test the lightning protection effect at different angles; S600: Evaluate the effective protection range of the lightning rod (540) and the performance of the lightning rod (540) at different angles based on the data analysis results.

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