A method for calculating characteristic impedance of a transmission line, a computer device and a storage medium

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for calculating the characteristic impedance of a transmission line, a computer device and a storage medium, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining the configuration information of a port model of a transmission line to be calculated, and constructing a port model according to the configuration information; meshing the port model and marking the mesh; reading the mesh mark, calculating the electromagnetic field of the port area corresponding to the port model; constructing an electric field characteristic equation and a magnetic field characteristic equation, and obtaining the electric field and magnetic field of the port surface under different port modes; determining the current port mode; calculating the voltage matrix, current matrix and power matrix corresponding to the port model according to the electric field and magnetic field corresponding to the current port mode; and calculating the characteristic impedance corresponding to the transmission line to be calculated according to the voltage matrix, current matrix and power matrix. The scheme can accurately calculate the characteristic impedance of the excitation port in the transmission line system, thereby facilitating the accurate determination of other circuit characteristic parameters in the transmission line system, and is beneficial to the matching and performance optimization of the circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electromagnetic simulation technology, and in particular to a method for calculating characteristic impedance of a transmission line, a computer device and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In radio frequency (RF) and microwave circuit design, port characteristic impedance is a key parameter that affects circuit performance. Characteristic impedance refers to the inherent impedance value of a transmission line or waveguide at a port, which determines the input and output impedance characteristics of the circuit. Accurate calculation of port characteristic impedance is crucial for circuit matching and performance optimization. If the port characteristic impedance does not match, it will cause signal reflection, thereby reducing system efficiency and performance. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating the characteristic impedance of a transmission line, a computer device and a storage medium, which can accurately calculate the characteristic impedance of an excitation port in a transmission line system, thereby facilitating the accurate determination of other circuit characteristic parameters in the transmission line system, which is beneficial to circuit matching and performance optimization.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for calculating the characteristic impedance of a transmission line, comprising the steps of:

[0006] Acquire port model configuration information of the transmission line to be calculated, and construct the port model according to the configuration information;

[0007] Meshing the port model and marking the mesh;

[0008] Reading the grid mark, and calculating the electromagnetic field of the port area corresponding to the port model through the edge vector interpolation basis function;

[0009] Constructing an electric field characteristic equation and a magnetic field characteristic equation corresponding to the port model surface, and obtaining the electric field and magnetic field of the port surface under different port modes;

[0010] Determining a current port mode, an electric field integral path, and a magnetic field integral path according to the number of conductors of the transmission line to be calculated;

[0011] Calculate a voltage matrix, a current matrix, and a power matrix corresponding to the port model according to the electric field and the magnetic field corresponding to the current port mode;

[0012] The characteristic impedance corresponding to the transmission line to be calculated is calculated according to the voltage matrix, the current matrix and the power matrix.

[0013] The above transmission line characteristic impedance calculation method solves the excitation port in the multi-layer transmission line system through the finite element method, divides the port surface into a triangular grid, and calculates the electric field and magnetic field on the port surface by respectively calculating the electric field equation and the magnetic field equation. Then, according to the characteristic that the triangular grid field distribution is concentrated at the center of gravity of the grid, the integral loop of the magnetic field and the integral path of the electric field are selected, and the voltage, current and power matrix of the conductor are calculated. The characteristic impedance corresponding to the port conductor can be accurately calculated through the current-power formula, current-voltage formula or voltage-power formula according to different scenarios, thereby facilitating the accurate determination of other circuit characteristic parameters in the transmission line system, which is beneficial to circuit matching and performance optimization.

[0014] In some implementations, meshing the port model and performing mesh marking specifically includes:

[0015] The port model is divided into triangular meshes by a finite element algorithm, and the triangular meshes corresponding to the conductors and boundaries of the transmission line to be calculated are marked.

[0016] In some embodiments, the calculating of the electromagnetic field of the port area corresponding to the port model by using the edge vector interpolation basis function includes:

[0017] The electric field of the port area corresponding to the port model is calculated by the zero-order edge vector interpolation basis function, and the basis function formula is:

[0018] ,

[0019] ,

[0020] ,

[0021] Among them, L 1 , L 2 , L 3 is the area coordinate between any point in the triangle mesh and the three vertices of the triangle, (I i , i=1, 2, 3) is the length of each edge of the triangular mesh, As a differential operator, the vector field in the triangular mesh can be expanded as:

[0022] ,

[0023] Where E is the electric field, E i is the tangential electric field coefficient along the i-th edge in each triangular mesh, N i is the basis function.

[0024] In some embodiments, the electric field characteristic equation is:

[0025] ,

[0026] The magnetic field characteristic equation is:

[0027] ,

[0028] in, is the relative dielectric constant, is the relative magnetic permeability, is a free space beam, is the angular frequency, is the dielectric constant of free space, is the magnetic permeability of free space, H is the magnetic field, , are the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability, respectively.

[0029] In some implementations, the voltage matrix is:

[0030] ,

[0031] in, is the tangential electric field on the port surface corresponding to the mth port mode, is the integration loop path corresponding to the nth conductor;

[0032] The current matrix calculation formula is:

[0033] ,

[0034] in, is the tangential electric field on the port surface corresponding to the mth port mode, is the tangential magnetic field on the port surface corresponding to the mth mode, is the cross-sectional area corresponding to the nth conductor, is the integration loop path corresponding to the nth conductor, is the conductivity, is the unit normal vector of the cross section S, j is the imaginary unit;

[0035] The power matrix calculation formula is:

[0036] ,

[0037] in, is the tangential electric field on the port surface corresponding to the Mth port mode, H M is the tangential magnetic field on the port surface corresponding to the Mth mode, is the calculation area of ​​the port surface, H j is the tangential magnetic field coefficient along the jth edge in each triangular mesh, E iis the tangential electric field coefficient along the i-th edge in each triangular mesh.

[0038] In some implementations, the port of the transmission line to be calculated is a microstrip port.

[0039] In some implementations, the characteristic impedance corresponding to the transmission line to be calculated is calculated using the current matrix and the power matrix, and the calculation formula is:

[0040] ,

[0041] Among them, P EH is the power matrix, M I is the current matrix, The superscript + in denotes the conjugate transpose, and The superscript -1 indicates the inverse. The superscript T indicates transpose.

[0042] In some implementations, the configuration information includes coordinate information, size information, material information of the port model, and various boundary condition information included in the port model.

[0043] In a second aspect, the present application provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the transmission line characteristic impedance calculation method of the first aspect.

[0044] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for calculating the characteristic impedance of a transmission line of the first aspect.

[0045] According to a transmission line characteristic impedance calculation method, computer equipment and storage medium provided by the present invention, the excitation port in the multi-layer transmission line system is solved by the finite element method, the port surface is divided into a triangular grid, and the electric field and magnetic field on the port surface are calculated by respectively calculating the electric field equation and the magnetic field equation. Then, according to the characteristic that the triangular grid field distribution is concentrated on the grid center of gravity, the integral loop of the magnetic field and the integral path of the electric field are selected, and the voltage, current and power matrix of the conductor are calculated. The characteristic impedance corresponding to the port conductor can be accurately calculated according to different scenarios through the current-power formula, the current-voltage formula or the voltage-power formula, thereby facilitating the accurate determination of other circuit characteristic parameters in the transmission line system, which is beneficial to circuit matching and performance optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The preferred implementation scheme will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the present solution.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the port model decomposition of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram comparing the characteristic impedance of an embodiment of the present invention with the characteristic impedance calculation result calculated by commercial software. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0051] In order to simplify the drawings, only the parts related to the present invention are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is schematically drawn or marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one".

[0052] In radio frequency (RF) and microwave circuit design, port characteristic impedance is a key parameter that affects circuit performance. Characteristic impedance refers to the inherent impedance value of a transmission line or waveguide at a port, which determines the input and output impedance characteristics of the circuit. Whether the port characteristic impedance can be accurately calculated is crucial for circuit matching and performance optimization. If the port characteristic impedance does not match, it will cause signal reflection, thereby reducing the efficiency and performance of the system. The present invention mainly focuses on the characteristic impedance calculation problem of multi-conductor ports of a multi-layer transmission line system. Whether the characteristic impedance of such ports can be accurately calculated is of great significance for high-speed circuit and packaging design, and the required transmission line parameters can be easily calculated using the characteristic impedance of the transmission line system.

[0053] The present invention uses the finite element method to solve the current, voltage and power matrices of the planar transmission line system, and the required characteristic impedance matrix can be calculated using the current, voltage and power matrices. When calculating the characteristic impedance matrix in a multi-conductor transmission line system, the modal field concept is generally linked to the transmission line circuit concept. The modal field concept is commonly used in electromagnetics, while most CAD software prefer circuit parameters. In order to convert the modal field into transmission line parameters, the present invention uses one of the most popular definitions of characteristic impedance, namely the power current definition. The calculation results under the power current definition of characteristic impedance are consistent with the well-known static circuit parameters at low frequencies, and according to this definition, the total power carried by the line in the circuit concept is consistent with the total power consumption carried by the mode in the modal field concept. Other circuit parameters of the transmission line, such as resistance and inductance, can also be calculated using the characteristic impedance matrix.

[0054] In practical applications, RF and microwave circuits are widely used in communication, radar, navigation and other systems. Commonly used transmission lines in these systems include coaxial cables, microstrip lines, waveguides, etc. Their characteristic impedance directly affects the signal transmission quality and the overall performance of the system. Therefore, accurate calculation and optimization of port characteristic impedance is the basis for designing high-performance RF and microwave circuits.

[0055] There are currently two main methods for calculating the conductor current matrix. One is to define the current continuity equation and use the formula to solve the integral of the current density in the conductor cross section, which requires the electric field in the conductor cross section. The second method is to calculate the integral of the magnetic field loop around the contour of the conductor, which requires the magnetic field around the conductor cross section. Although the first method is more accurate, it cannot calculate the case where the conductor material is an ideal conductor. Although the second method is more difficult to implement than the first method, it can provide a unified subroutine for ideal and non-ideal conductors. The second method is currently the most commonly used method, which ensures the versatility of the calculation method.

[0056] Although the method of calculating the magnetic field loop integral of the conductor contour can effectively solve the problem that the electric field of an ideal conductor cannot be calculated, how to select the integral path of the loop integral and what numerical method and formula to use to solve the electromagnetic field of the conductor section will also produce a considerable error in the voltage, current and power matrix corresponding to the conductor. Therefore, a more general and stable method is needed to determine the integral path of the electric field and magnetic field, and use different formulas to solve the required modal field. Only in this way can the voltage, current and power matrix of multiple conductor ports in multi-layer transmission lines be calculated more efficiently and stably, and different formulas can be used to calculate the characteristic impedance matrix required for different scenarios more quickly and accurately while ensuring the calculation accuracy. The following will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings:

[0057] In one embodiment, referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for calculating the characteristic impedance of a transmission line, comprising the steps of:

[0058] S100, obtaining port model configuration information of the transmission line to be calculated, and constructing a port model according to the configuration information;

[0059] S200, meshing the port model and marking the mesh;

[0060] S300, reading the grid mark, and calculating the electromagnetic field of the port area corresponding to the port model through the edge vector interpolation basis function;

[0061] S400, constructing an electric field characteristic equation and a magnetic field characteristic equation corresponding to the port model surface, and obtaining the electric field and magnetic field of the port surface under different port modes;

[0062] S500, determining the current port mode, and the electric field integration path and the magnetic field integration path according to the number of conductors of the transmission line to be calculated;

[0063] S600, calculating a voltage matrix, a current matrix, and a power matrix corresponding to the port model according to the electric field and the magnetic field corresponding to the current port mode;

[0064] S700, calculating the characteristic impedance corresponding to the transmission line to be calculated according to the voltage matrix, the current matrix and the power matrix.

[0065] Specifically, it is necessary to first define the port model configuration information of the transmission line to be calculated. In a specific implementation, the configuration information includes the coordinate information, size information, material information, and various boundary condition information of the port model. For example, the port model of this solution is a transmission line model containing two conductor signal lines. The size of the upper signal line conductor is 4mil×1mil×40mil, and the material property is PEC; the size of the middle dielectric layer is 100mil×1mil×40mil, and the relative dielectric constant is 4.4; the size of the bottom base plate is 100mil×1mil×40mil, and the material property is PEC.

[0066] In a specific implementation, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the port model is meshed and meshed, including:

[0067] The port model is divided into triangular meshes by the finite element algorithm, and the triangular meshes corresponding to the conductors and boundaries of the transmission line to be calculated are marked. Specifically, the minimum meshing wavelength required for meshing can be set according to the operating frequency. After the setting is completed, the port model is meshed by the meshing tool. The mesh marking information can be obtained by exporting the mesh data from the meshing tool; the marking information of the port conductor and boundary can be obtained by reading the mesh marking information for subsequent calculations.

[0068] Preferably, calculating the electromagnetic field of the port area corresponding to the port model by using the edge vector interpolation basis function includes:

[0069] The electric field of the port area corresponding to the port model is calculated by the zero-order edge vector interpolation basis function. The basis function formula is:

[0070] ,

[0071] ,

[0072] ,

[0073] Among them, L 1 , L 2 , L 3 is the area coordinate between any point in the triangle mesh and the three vertices of the triangle, (I i , i=1, 2, 3) is the length of each edge of the triangular mesh, As a differential operator, the vector field in the triangular mesh can be expanded as:

[0074] ,

[0075] Where E is the electric field, E i is the tangential electric field coefficient along the i-th edge in each triangular mesh, N i The method of calculating the magnetic field in the port area corresponding to the port model by using the zero-order edge vector interpolation basis function is basically the same as the method of calculating the electric field, and will not be described in detail.

[0076] Next, the finite element matrix equation satisfied by the port model to be solved can be established and converted into the eigenvalue equation for solution on the excitation port surface, including the following steps:

[0077] The constitutive relation , , Substituting into Maxwell's equations:

[0078] ,

[0079] ,

[0080] in, , are the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability, respectively. is the conductivity, D is the electric flux density, B is the magnetic flux density, J is the current density, E is the electric field, H is the magnetic field, is the angular frequency and j is the imaginary unit.

[0081] Eliminate from the above formula , we can get the passive vector wave equation satisfied by the port to be solved, that is, the electric field characteristic equation:

[0082] ,

[0083] Characteristic equation of magnetic field:

[0084] ,

[0085] in, is the relative dielectric constant, is the relative magnetic permeability, is a free space beam, is the angular frequency, is the dielectric constant of free space, is the magnetic permeability of free space, H is the magnetic field, , are the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability, respectively.

[0086] The present invention solves the electric field characteristic equation and the magnetic field characteristic equation respectively, and uses them in different formulas for solving. The variables to be solved in the electric field characteristic equation and the magnetic field characteristic equation are different, but the variation process is the same. The above equations are converted into functionals through the Ritz variation method and converted into the basic form of the eigenvalue equation:

[0087] ,

[0088] Among them, A and B matrices are They are:

[0089] ,

[0090] ,

[0091] .

[0092] Among them, N i and N j By solving the above eigenvalue equations, the electric field, magnetic field and propagation constant corresponding to each mode on the port surface can be obtained.

[0093] Further preferably, the mode current, voltage and power matrix of the first two modes of the port can be calculated through the calculated mode electromagnetic field.

[0094] In a specific implementation, the voltage matrix is:

[0095] ,

[0096] in, is the tangential electric field on the port surface corresponding to the mth port mode, is the integral loop path corresponding to the nth conductor; the matrix is ​​an n×m voltage matrix. When determining the integral path of the electric field, it is necessary to first determine how many signal conductors there are. For each conductor, there is a separate integral path. The integral path of the electric field is relatively simple. You only need to take any integral line from the conductor to the outer boundary of the port and take all the triangular meshes that the integral line passes through. Take the midpoints of these triangular meshes and connect them. This path is the integral loop path corresponding to the tangential electric field of the nth conductor.

[0097] The current matrix calculation formula is:

[0098] ,

[0099] in, is the tangential electric field on the port surface corresponding to the mth port mode, is the tangential magnetic field on the port surface corresponding to the mth mode, is the cross-sectional area corresponding to the nth conductor, is the integration loop path corresponding to the nth conductor, is the conductivity, is the unit normal vector of the cross section S, j is the imaginary unit;

[0100] Indicates that the matrix is ​​an n×m current matrix. The calculation of the current matrix needs to take into account the displacement current and the induced current, and needs to calculate the loop integral of the magnetic field and the surface integral of the electric field in the conductor cross section. The integral surface of the electric field is the cross section of the conductor, and the selection of the magnetic field integral loop needs to be based on the shape of the conductor. Generally, all nodes on the conductor boundary are determined first, and all triangular meshes containing these nodes are selected based on these nodes. These triangular meshes are all triangular meshes around the conductor boundary. Take the midpoints of these triangular meshes and connect these midpoints into a closed loop. This path is the magnetic field integral loop corresponding to the nth conductor.

[0101] The power matrix calculation formula is:

[0102] ,

[0103] in, is the tangential electric field on the port surface corresponding to the Mth port mode, is the tangential magnetic field on the port surface corresponding to the Mth mode, is the calculation area of ​​the port surface, H j is the tangential magnetic field coefficient along the jth edge in each triangular grid. The matrix is ​​an M×M power matrix, E iis the tangential electric field coefficient along the i-th edge in each triangular mesh.

[0104] Furthermore, the required port mode characteristic impedance can be calculated using the mode voltage, current and power matrix obtained above according to different characteristic impedance calculation formulas.

[0105] In a specific implementation, the port model contains two conductors, so the first two characteristic modes are taken to calculate that the port of the transmission line to be calculated is a microstrip port, which is suitable for calculation using the current-power impedance formula. The characteristic impedance corresponding to the transmission line to be calculated is calculated through the current matrix and the power matrix. The calculation formula is:

[0106] ,

[0107] Among them, P EH For the power matrix , the power matrix is ​​an M×M matrix. I The current matrix , where n rows represent a port with n conductors and m columns represent a port with m modes, where n=m. The superscript + in denotes the conjugate transpose, and The superscript -1 indicates the inverse. The superscript T indicates transpose.

[0108] According to the above-obtained current and power matrix, the port characteristic impedance can be calculated using the above formula. The characteristic impedance calculated by this method is compared with the calculation results of mature finite element commercial software. The comparison results are as follows: Figure 3 It can be seen that the four calculated curves Z11, Z12, Z21 and Z22 are basically overlapped, which can prove the correctness of the calculation results of the present invention.

[0109] The above transmission line characteristic impedance calculation method solves the excitation port in the multi-layer transmission line system through the finite element method, divides the port surface into a triangular grid, and calculates the electric field and magnetic field on the port surface by respectively calculating the electric field equation and the magnetic field equation. Then, according to the characteristic that the triangular grid field distribution is concentrated at the center of gravity of the grid, the integral loop of the magnetic field and the integral path of the electric field are selected, and the voltage, current and power matrix of the conductor are calculated. The characteristic impedance corresponding to the port conductor can be accurately calculated through the current-power formula, current-voltage formula or voltage-power formula according to different scenarios, thereby facilitating the accurate determination of other circuit characteristic parameters in the transmission line system, which is beneficial to circuit matching and performance optimization.

[0110] In one embodiment, the present application further provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of calculating the transmission line characteristic impedance of the above embodiment.

[0111] In one embodiment, the present application further provides a computer storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored thereon, and when the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of calculating the transmission line characteristic impedance of the above embodiment are implemented.

[0112] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0113] The memory may be an internal storage unit of the simulation system, such as a hard disk or memory of an intelligent device. The memory may also be an external storage device of the intelligent device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the intelligent device. Further, the memory is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the verification method of the FPGA. The memory may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0114] The communication bus is a circuit that connects the elements described and implements transmission between these elements. For example, the central processing unit receives commands from other elements through the communication bus, decrypts the received commands, and performs calculations or data processing according to the decrypted commands. The memory may include program modules, such as a kernel, middleware, an application programming interface (API) and an application. The program module may be composed of software, firmware or hardware, or at least two of them. The input / output interface forwards commands or data entered by the user through the input / output interface (such as a sensor, keyboard, touch screen). The communication interface connects the speed measurement device of the artificial heart with other network devices, user devices, and networks. For example, the communication interface can be connected to the network via wired or wireless connection to connect to other external network devices or user devices. Wireless communication may include at least one of the following: wireless fidelity (WiFi), Bluetooth (BT), near field communication technology (NFC), global satellite positioning system (GPS) and cellular communication, etc. Wired communication may include at least one of the following: universal serial bus (USB), high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), asynchronous transmission standard interface (RS-232), etc. The network may be a telecommunication network and a communication network. The communication network may be a computer network, the Internet, the Internet of Things, or a telephone network. The verification device of the FPGA may be connected to the network via a communication interface, and the protocol used by the speed measuring device of the artificial heart and other network devices to communicate may be supported by at least one of an application, an application programming interface (API), a middleware, a kernel, and a communication interface.

[0115] The transmission line characteristic impedance calculation method of the present application can be implemented by program codes executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0116] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating characteristic impedance of a transmission line, characterized in that: Includes steps: Acquire port model configuration information of the transmission line to be calculated, and construct the port model according to the configuration information; Meshing the port model and marking the mesh; Reading the grid mark, and calculating the electromagnetic field of the port area corresponding to the port model through edge vector interpolation basis function; Constructing an electric field characteristic equation and a magnetic field characteristic equation corresponding to the port model surface, and obtaining the electric field and magnetic field of the port surface under different port modes; Determining a current port mode, an electric field integral path, and a magnetic field integral path according to the number of conductors of the transmission line to be calculated; Calculate a voltage matrix, a current matrix, and a power matrix corresponding to the port model according to the electric field and the magnetic field corresponding to the current port mode; Calculate the characteristic impedance corresponding to the transmission line to be calculated according to the voltage matrix, the current matrix and the power matrix; The method of calculating the electromagnetic field of the port area corresponding to the port model by using the edge vector interpolation basis function includes: The electric field of the port area corresponding to the port model is calculated by the zero-order edge vector interpolation basis function, and the basis function formula is: ， ， ， Among them, L1, L2, L3 are the area coordinates between any point in the triangular mesh and the three vertices of the triangle, I1, I2, I3 are the lengths of each edge of the triangular mesh, is a differential operator, and the vector field in the triangular mesh is expanded as: ， Where E is the electric field, E i is the tangential electric field coefficient along the i-th edge in each triangular mesh, N i is the basis function; The electric field characteristic equation is: ， The magnetic field characteristic equation is: ， in, is the relative dielectric constant, is the relative magnetic permeability, is a free space beam, is the angular frequency, is the dielectric constant of free space, is the magnetic permeability of free space, H is the magnetic field, , are the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability, respectively; The voltage matrix is: ， in, is the tangential electric field on the port surface corresponding to the mth port mode, is the integration loop path corresponding to the nth conductor; The current matrix calculation formula is: ， in, is the tangential electric field on the port surface corresponding to the mth port mode, is the tangential magnetic field on the port surface corresponding to the mth mode, is the cross-sectional area corresponding to the nth conductor, is the integration loop path corresponding to the nth conductor, is the conductivity, is the unit normal vector of the cross section S, j is the imaginary unit; The power matrix calculation formula is: ， in, is the tangential electric field on the port surface corresponding to the Mth port mode, is the tangential magnetic field on the port surface corresponding to the Mth mode, is the calculation area of ​​the port surface, is the tangential magnetic field coefficient along the jth edge in each triangular mesh, is the tangential electric field coefficient along the i-th edge in each triangular grid; the port of the transmission line to be calculated is a microstrip port; The characteristic impedance corresponding to the transmission line to be calculated is calculated by using the current matrix and the power matrix, and the calculation formula is: ， in, is the power matrix, is the current matrix, The superscript + in denotes the conjugate transpose, and The superscript -1 indicates the inverse. The superscript T indicates transpose.

2. The method for calculating the characteristic impedance of a transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meshing and mesh marking of the port model specifically includes: The port model is divided into triangular meshes by a finite element algorithm, and the triangular meshes corresponding to the conductors and boundaries of the transmission line to be calculated are marked.

3. The method for calculating the characteristic impedance of a transmission line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The configuration information includes coordinate information, size information, material information of the port model, and various boundary condition information included in the port model.

4. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory, characterized in that: The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method for calculating the characteristic impedance of a transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. A computer storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for calculating the characteristic impedance of a transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are implemented.

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